An oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine and its press-fitting method

Abstract

This invention discloses an oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine and its pressing method, comprising a cabinet, a first frame, a control device, a gantry frame, and a pressing device. The first frame is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the cabinet. The control device is located above the front of the first frame and is electrically connected to the pressing device. The gantry frame is fixedly mounted above the first frame, and the pressing device is located in the middle of the first frame. This invention achieves better concentric and precise positioning of the connecting rod and bearing by setting a positioning and pressure-bearing mechanism. By setting a fidelity-preserving component in the moving pressure head mechanism, the internal hole deformation and shrinkage of the oil-impregnated bearing caused by extrusion are eliminated, ensuring the correctness and consistency of the internal hole size of the oil-impregnated bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil-impregnated bearing installation technology, and more specifically to an oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine and its press-fitting method. Background Technology

[0002] Oil-impregnated bearings, also known as porous bearings, are a type of basic component made primarily of metal powder using powder metallurgy. They are impregnated with lubricating oil and operate under self-lubrication conditions. They are characterized by low cost, vibration absorption, low noise, and the ability to operate for extended periods without the need for additional lubrication. They are widely used in various industrial products such as automobiles, home appliances, audio equipment, office equipment, agricultural machinery, and precision machinery.

[0003] A connecting rod oil-impregnated bearing (see...) Figure 2 Oil-impregnated bearings need to be pressed into connecting rod bearing bores. Existing press-fitting machines have two main drawbacks. First, they lack a corresponding connecting rod positioning mechanism. Typical positioning mechanisms are merely for fixing the workpiece, resulting in low positioning accuracy and concentricity of the connecting rod and bearing, easily leading to press-fitting misalignment and bearing damage. Second, they lack a synchronous bearing alignment mechanism, which can cause deformation and shrinkage of the oil-impregnated bearing bore after press-fitting, affecting the consistency of the bearing bore, resulting in large dispersion and instability, and consequently impacting the bearing's accuracy, performance, service life, and reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine and its pressing method to improve the accuracy and efficiency of oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting and extend the service life of oil-impregnated bearings and related workpieces. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine and its press-fitting method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine, comprising a cabinet, a first frame, a control device, a gantry frame, and a press-fitting device. The first frame is fixedly installed on the top surface of the cabinet. The control device is located above the front of the first frame and is electrically connected to the press-fitting device, used to set operating parameters and control the operation of the entire machine. The gantry frame is fixedly installed above the first frame. The press-fitting device is located in the middle of the first frame and is used to press the oil-impregnated bearing into the connecting rod.

[0006] The pressing device includes a second frame, a third frame, a servo pressing mechanism, a moving pressing head mechanism, a positioning and pressure bearing mechanism, and a feeding mechanism. The second frame is located above the cabinet and is used to install the servo pressing mechanism. The third frame is located within the second frame and is used to install the moving pressing head mechanism, the positioning and pressure bearing mechanism, and the feeding mechanism. The servo pressing mechanism is fixedly mounted on the second frame and is used to provide downward pressing power. The moving pressing head mechanism is located in the middle of the upper part of the third frame and directly below the servo pressing mechanism, and is used to press the oil-impregnated bearing and its inner hole. The positioning and pressure bearing mechanism is located in the middle of the third frame and directly below the moving pressing head mechanism, and is used to position the connecting rod. The feeding mechanism is located on the third frame, on one side of the positioning and pressure bearing mechanism, and below the moving pressing head mechanism, and is used to convey the oil-impregnated bearing.

[0007] The third frame includes a base plate, a pressure plate, a first compression spring, a movable pressure plate, a linear bearing, a first column, an anti-detachment cap, and a second column. The base plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second frame. Four first columns are fixedly installed at the four corners of the base plate. The pressure plate is fixedly installed directly above the base plate and is used to install a positioning and pressure-bearing mechanism and a feeding mechanism. It has a positioning hole, a feed hole, a feeding port, and a convex end. The positioning hole is located in the center of the pressure plate, the feeding port is located on one side of the positioning hole, the convex end is located at the rear right end of the pressure plate, and the feed hole is located on the convex end. The movable pressure plate is located directly above the pressure plate and is used to install a moving pressure head mechanism. The device is equipped with a movable groove, a sliding groove, and a positive convex end. The movable groove is located in the middle of the movable pressure plate, and a pair of sliding grooves are located on both sides of the movable groove. The positive convex end is located in the middle of the rear of the movable pressure plate and is offset vertically from the oblique convex end. Four first columns penetrate the pressure plate and the movable pressure plate. Four linear bearings are sleeved between the movable pressure plate and the first columns. A third compression spring is sleeved on the first column between the pressure plate and the movable pressure plate. Four anti-detachment caps are fixedly installed on the top of the first column to prevent the movable pressure plate from falling off the first column when the third compression spring rebounds. The two ends of the second column are fixedly connected to the bottom plate and the pressure plate, respectively, to support the pressure plate.

[0008] The servo pressing mechanism has a pressing head at its lower end, which is aligned with the positioning hole.

[0009] The movable pressure head mechanism includes a pressure head mounting plate, a riveting assembly, a fidelity assembly, a fixing cap, sliding rods, and a displacement cylinder. The pressure head mounting plate is movably mounted on a movable pressure plate. The riveting assembly and the fidelity assembly are installed downwards through the center of the pressure head mounting plate. The riveting assembly extends downwards through a movable groove to catch the oil-impregnated bearing and press it into the connecting rod bearing hole under the action of the pressure head. The fidelity assembly is arranged side by side with the riveting assembly and extends downwards through the movable groove to eliminate deformation and shrinkage of the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing caused by extrusion. A fixing cap is screwed between the pressure head mounting plate and the riveting assembly and the fidelity assembly. Sliding rods are fixedly installed around the pressure head mounting plate. The sliding rods extend downwards through a sliding groove and move within the sliding groove to guide the pressure head mounting plate to move back and forth on the movable pressure plate. The displacement cylinder is fixedly mounted on the positive convex end, and its output end is fixedly connected to the pressure head mounting plate to push the pressure head mounting plate to move back and forth.

[0010] Because existing technologies do not include a synchronous bearing fidelity mechanism, deformation and shrinkage of the inner bore of the oil-impregnated bearing are likely to occur after press fitting. However, setting up a fidelity mechanism alone would lead to a complex and cumbersome structure. Therefore, this invention sets up a fidelity component parallel to the riveting component below the moving press head mechanism, and sets up a displacement cylinder to drive the riveting component and the fidelity component to move back and forth synchronously through the press head mounting plate. This achieves synchronous action of the riveting component and the fidelity component, thereby realizing the cycle of bearing sleeve pressing and bearing inner bore fidelity, making the structure simple and uncluttered.

[0011] The riveting assembly includes a first mandrel, a riveting head, a first core cylinder, and a second compression spring. The first mandrel is located at the center of the riveting assembly, and its upper end is screwed to a fixing cap. The riveting head is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the first mandrel and has a constriction ring for fitting an oil-impregnated bearing. The first core cylinder is movably sleeved on the lower part of the first mandrel for pushing the oil-impregnated bearing on the riveting head into the connecting rod bearing hole, and its upper end has a locking ring to prevent it from detaching from the first mandrel. The first compression spring is movably sleeved on the upper part of the first mandrel, located between the head mounting plate and the first core cylinder. The first mandrel has a constriction portion at the contact point between the first compression spring and the first core cylinder.

[0012] To achieve the purpose of picking up the oil-impregnated bearing, the riveting assembly needs to be equipped with a shrink ring on the riveting head. At the same time, it must be able to push the oil-impregnated bearing away from the shrink ring smoothly during the pressing process and be able to quickly return to its original position. For this purpose, a first core cylinder and a second compression spring are set up. The elastic expansion and contraction of the first core cylinder allows the riveting head to press the oil-impregnated bearing into the bearing hole and pull it out smoothly.

[0013] The fidelity assembly includes a second mandrel, a push rod, a second core cylinder, a steel ball, a ball inlet tube, and a third compression spring. The second mandrel is located at the center of the fidelity assembly, with its upper end screwed to a fixing cap. The second core cylinder is movably sleeved on the lower part of the second mandrel, with a hollow inner cavity in the middle. An arc-shaped ball seat is provided at the lower end of the inner cavity, and a steel ball is placed inside the arc-shaped ball seat. The steel ball has the same diameter as the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing. An elastic ball passage hole is provided at the bottom of the second core cylinder. The ball inlet tube is obliquely arranged on one side of the outer wall of the second core cylinder and communicates with the inner cavity of the second core cylinder for transporting the steel ball. The push rod is located at the center of the inner cavity of the second core cylinder, with its upper end fixedly connected to the lower end of the second mandrel and its lower end vertically facing the steel ball for pushing the steel ball through the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing. The third compression spring is movably sleeved on the upper part of the second mandrel and is located between the second core cylinder and the pressure head mounting plate. A pair of pins are provided at the contact points between the second mandrel and the second core cylinder to prevent detachment from the second core cylinder.

[0014] The purpose of the fidelity-preserving mechanism is to prevent deformation and shrinkage of the inner bore of the oil-impregnated bearing after press fitting. By using a steel ball of the same diameter as the bearing to pass through the bearing bore, the bearing bore diameter is restored to normal, maintaining consistency before and after. This invention achieves fidelity preservation of the oil-impregnated bearing by setting up a fidelity-preserving component. The push rod on the second spindle, under the combined action of the second core cylinder and the third compression spring, pushes the steel ball through the elastic ball hole into the inner bore of the oil-impregnated bearing, and the setting of the arc-shaped ball seat and the elastic ball hole ensures that only one steel ball can pass through at a time.

[0015] The positioning and pressure-bearing mechanism includes a positioning cylinder, a guide, an air inlet pipe, a ball outlet pipe, a positioning core, a support platform, a positioning seat, and a positioning mandrel. The positioning cylinder is fixedly installed below the pressure plate with its output end facing upwards. The guide is fixedly installed above the pressure plate and has a cross-shaped through hole running vertically and horizontally through its center. The air inlet pipe is horizontally positioned on one side of the guide and is connected to a high-pressure air source via an air supply pipe for blowing air into the guide. The ball outlet pipe is horizontally positioned on the other side of the guide, communicating with the air inlet pipe and connected to the ball inlet pipe via a delivery pipe. Under the action of the high-pressure airflow, the ball outlet pipe will blow air into the guide. The steel ball is blown into the second core cylinder through the conveying pipe and the ball inlet pipe. The positioning core is fixedly installed between the positioning cylinder and the guide through the positioning hole. The support is fixedly installed above the guide for placing the connecting rod. The positioning seat is fixedly installed above the support, with a through hole in the center and a fan-shaped opening on one side for fixing the end of the connecting rod. The guide, support, and positioning seat all have through holes running vertically through their centers. The output end of the positioning cylinder is fixedly connected to a positioning mandrel. The positioning mandrel passes through the through holes in the center of the guide, support, and positioning seat, as well as the connecting rod bearing hole. The top end of the positioning mandrel mates with the connecting rod bearing hole.

[0016] Because existing positioning mechanisms are generally only used for fixing workpieces and cannot achieve precise positioning of connecting rods and bearings, this invention sets up a positioning mandrel on the positioning and bearing mechanism. The positioning cylinder pushes the positioning mandrel through the guide, the bearing platform, the central through hole of the positioning seat, and the connecting rod bearing hole in sequence, which can better achieve precise positioning of the connecting rod and bearing, ensure concentricity, and the positioning mandrel only retracts after being pressed into place, ensuring that the bearing does not deviate. At the same time, a guide is set up, which has a cross through hole in the center that runs vertically and horizontally, connecting to the air inlet pipe and the ball outlet pipe horizontally, and connecting to the positioning mandrel and the bearing platform vertically, so that the high-fidelity steel ball can circulate back, improving efficiency.

[0017] The feeding mechanism includes a slide block, a slide tray, a pusher cylinder, a top cylinder, a guide cylinder, a hanging lug, a lifting rod, a guide device, and an auxiliary pressure block. The slide block is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the inclined convex end, and has a groove at its upper end. The slide tray is slidably mounted in the groove of the slide block, and has a receiving hole at its front end. The pusher cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the slide block, with its output end pointing to the right and fixedly connected to the right end of the slide tray, pushing the slide tray to reciprocate. The guide cylinder is fixedly mounted on the feed hole, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the oil-impregnated bearing. The hanging lug is horizontally mounted on the gantry frame, and the lifting rod is vertically mounted. Between the lug and the pressure plate, the upper end is movably connected to the lug, and the lower end passes through the guide cylinder. The auxiliary pressure block is movably sleeved on the hanger rod for guiding the oil-impregnated bearing downward. The outer diameter of the hanger rod is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing for conveying the oil-impregnated bearing. The guide is fixedly installed in the feeding hole of the pressure plate and has a guide through hole inside. The top material cylinder is fixedly installed on the lower bottom surface of the left end of the slide block. The output end moves upward and passes through the receiving hole and the guide through hole in sequence. By setting up the feeding mechanism, the oil-impregnated bearing is realized to feed downward longitudinally, feed forward horizontally, and push upward longitudinally.

[0018] The present invention also provides a pressing method for an oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1 Positioning: The connecting rod is manually placed on the bearing platform of the positioning pressure mechanism, and the end of the connecting rod with the bearing hole is placed in the positioning seat. The positioning cylinder is inlet air and pushes the positioning mandrel to rise and pass through the guide, the bearing platform, and the center of the positioning seat in sequence to enter the connecting rod bearing hole, so as to achieve concentric and precise positioning of the connecting rod bearing hole.

[0020] S2 feeding: Several oil-impregnated bearings are manually placed on the lifting rod of the feeding mechanism and an auxiliary pressure block is put on. Under the action of their own weight and the auxiliary pressure block, the oil-impregnated bearings slide down the lifting rod and fall into the feeding hole under the guidance of the guide cylinder. The pusher cylinder takes in air to pull the slide out. When the receiving hole on the slide moves to be connected with the feeding hole, the oil-impregnated bearing falls into the receiving hole.

[0021] S3 Feeding: The pusher cylinder releases air and retracts, causing the slide to move inward. When the receiving hole on the slide moves to be connected with the guide hole, the air inlet and outlet of the top cylinder extends to push the oil-impregnated bearing into the guide hole. After completing S4 material removal, the top cylinder releases air and resets.

[0022] S4 Material Picking: The displacement cylinder on the moving pressure head mechanism releases air and retracts, moving the moving pressure head mechanism outward. When the riveting pressure head moves directly above the guide hole, the servo pressing mechanism starts in the forward direction, driving the pressure head to press down on the riveting assembly, pressing the riveting pressure head into the guide hole of the feeder, and then into the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing, thereby fitting the oil-impregnated bearing onto the shrinking ring of the riveting pressure head. The servo pressing mechanism starts in the reverse direction, driving the pressure head to rise and reset. At this time, the moving pressure head mechanism moves upward under the action of the first compression spring, and the riveting pressure head with the oil-impregnated bearing is pulled away from the guide hole.

[0023] S5 Pressing: The shifting cylinder intakes air to push the moving press head mechanism to move inward. When the riveting press head moves to the top of the positioning seat, the servo pressing mechanism starts in the forward direction to drive the press head to press down the riveting assembly, pressing the oil-impregnated bearing on the riveting press head into the connecting rod bearing hole. Then, the servo pressing mechanism starts in the reverse direction to drive the press head to rise and reset. The moving press head mechanism moves upward under the action of the first compression spring. Under the combined action of the first core cylinder and the second compression spring, the first mandrel pushes the oil-impregnated bearing on the riveting press head away. At the same time, the positioning cylinder releases air and retracts the positioning mandrel to the lowest position.

[0024] S6 Fidelity and Synchronous Material Handling: The displacement cylinder releases air and retracts, pushing the moving pressure head mechanism outward. When the fidelity assembly moves directly above the positioning seat, the riveting pressure head also moves directly above the guide hole. The servo pressing mechanism starts forward, driving the pressure head downward. On one hand, it drives the push rod in the fidelity assembly to push the steel ball through the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing below and into the inner cavity of the guide, completing the fidelity of the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing; on the other hand, it drives the riveting assembly to press the riveting pressure head into the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing and into the guide hole, thereby fitting the oil-impregnated bearing into the riveting pressure head and completing synchronous material handling.

[0025] S7 Steel Ball Recovery and Pressure Head Reset: High-pressure airflow enters the inner cavity of the guide through the inlet pipe, blowing out the steel balls that have fallen into the inner cavity of the guide. The balls then pass through the outlet pipe, connecting pipe, and inlet pipe, and are blown upwards into the inner cavity of the second core cylinder. The connecting rod with the pressed oil-impregnated bearing is manually removed, and the positioning cylinder is inlet, causing the positioning mandrel to rise to its highest position and a new connecting rod is inserted. The servo pressing mechanism starts in reverse, driving the pressure head to rise and reset, entering the next working cycle.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. This invention, by setting up a positioning and pressure-bearing mechanism, uses a positioning cylinder to push the positioning mandrel through the guide, the bearing platform, the central through hole of the positioning seat, and the connecting rod bearing hole in sequence. The top of the positioning mandrel cooperates with the connecting rod bearing hole, which can better achieve concentric and precise positioning of the connecting rod and bearing, ensure the pressing accuracy, and improve the pressing quality.

[0028] 2. This invention, by setting a fidelity-preserving component in the moving pressure head mechanism, allows the push rod on the second spindle to push the steel ball through the elastic ball hole into the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing under the combined action of the second core cylinder and the third compression spring. Since the steel ball has the same diameter as the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing, the steel ball penetrates the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing under a certain pressure, thereby eliminating the deformation and shrinkage of the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing caused by extrusion, ensuring the correctness and consistency of the inner hole size of the oil-impregnated bearing, realizing the fidelity of the oil-impregnated bearing, and improving the service life of the oil-impregnated bearing and the corresponding workpiece.

[0029] 3. This invention provides a guide in the positioning and pressure bearing mechanism, which has a cross-shaped through hole in the center that runs vertically and horizontally. This hole connects to the air inlet pipe and the ball outlet pipe in the left and right directions, and to the positioning core and the bearing platform in the upper and lower directions, thereby achieving the circulation and return of the high-fidelity steel ball and improving the degree of automation.

[0030] 4. By setting up a feeding mechanism, a positioning and pressure bearing mechanism, a moving pressure head mechanism, and a servo pressing mechanism that are interconnected in the process, the present invention realizes the automatic feeding and pressing of oil-impregnated bearings, thereby improving the degree of automation.

[0031] 5. This invention sets up a movable pressure head mechanism and sets up riveting components and a fidelity-keeping component side by side. The shifting cylinder drives the riveting components and the fidelity-keeping component to move back and forth through the pressure head mounting plate, realizing the synchronous movement of the riveting components and the fidelity-keeping component. This enables the cyclic operation of bearing sleeve pressing and bearing inner hole fidelity-keeping, thus improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connecting rod and oil-impregnated bearing assembly structure;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressing device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the third frame of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the moving pressure head mechanism, the positioning pressure bearing mechanism, and the feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the movable pressure head mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic longitudinal section of the riveting assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic longitudinal section of the fidelity component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning and pressure-bearing mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guide in the positioning and pressure-bearing mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1 Cabinet, 2 First Frame, 3 Control Device, 4 Gantry, 5 Pressing Device, 51 Second Frame, 52 Third Frame, 521 Base Plate, 522 Pressure Plate, 522a Positioning Hole, 522b Feed Hole, 522c Feeding Hole, 522d Slanted Protruding End, 523 First Compression Spring, 524 Movable Pressure Plate, 524a Movable Groove, 524b Sliding Groove, 524c Positive Protruding End, 525 Linear Bearing, 526 First Column, 527 Anti-detachment Cap, 528 Second Column, 53 Servo Pressing Mechanism, 531 Press Head, 54 Moving Press Head Mechanism, 541 Press Head Mounting Plate, 542 Riveting Assembly, 5421 First Mandrel, 5422 Riveting Press Head, 5423 First Core Cylinder, 5424 Second Compression Spring, 543 Fidelity Assembly, 5431 Second Mandrel, 5 431a Pin, 5432 Push Rod, 5433 Second Core Cylinder, 5433a Arc-shaped Ball Seat, 5433b Elastic Necked Through Hole for Ball Passage, 5433c Pin Movable Groove, 5434 Steel Ball, 5435 Ball Inlet Tube, 5436 Third Compression Spring, 544 Fixed Cap, 545 Sliding Rod, 546 Displacement Cylinder, 55 Positioning Pressure Bearing Mechanism, 551 Positioning Cylinder, 552 Guide, 5521 Air Inlet Pipe, 5522 Ball Outlet Pipe, 553 Positioning Core, 554 Support, 555 Positioning Seat, 556 Positioning Mandrel, 56 Feeding Mechanism, 561 Slide, 562 Slide Drawer, Material Receiving Hole 562a, 563 Pushing Cylinder, 564 Top Material Cylinder, 565 Guide Cylinder, 566 Hanging Ear, 567 Hanging Rod, 568 Guide Device, 568a Guide Through Hole, 569 Auxiliary Pressure Block. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] See Figure 1 An oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine includes a cabinet 1, a first frame 2, a control device 3, a gantry 4, and a press-fitting device 5. The first frame 2 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the cabinet 1. The control device 3 is located above the front of the first frame 2 and is electrically connected to the press-fitting device 5. It is used to set operating parameters and control the operation of the whole machine. The gantry 4 is fixedly installed above the first frame 2. The press-fitting device 5 is located in the middle of the first frame 2 and is used to press the oil-impregnated bearing into the connecting rod.

[0046] See Figure 3 , Figure 5 The pressing device 5 includes a second frame 51, a third frame 52, a servo pressing mechanism 53, a moving pressing head mechanism 54, a positioning and pressure bearing mechanism 55, and a feeding mechanism 56. The second frame 51 is located above the cabinet 1, and the third frame 52 is located in the middle of the second frame 51 for mounting the moving pressing head mechanism 54, the positioning and pressure bearing mechanism 55, and the feeding mechanism 56. The servo pressing mechanism 53 is fixedly located at the upper end of the second frame 51 for providing downward pressing power. The moving pressing head mechanism 54 is located in the middle of the upper part of the third frame 52 and directly below the servo pressing mechanism 53 for pressing the oil-impregnated bearing and its inner hole. The positioning and pressure bearing mechanism 55 is located in the middle of the third frame 52 and directly below the moving pressing head mechanism 54 for positioning the connecting rod. The feeding mechanism 56 is located on the third frame 52, on one side of the positioning and pressure bearing mechanism 55, and below the moving pressing head mechanism 54 for conveying the oil-impregnated bearing.

[0047] See Figure 4The third frame 52 includes a base plate 521, a pressure plate 522, a first compression spring 523, a movable pressure plate 524, a linear bearing 525, a first column 526, an anti-detachment cap 527, and a second column 528. The base plate 521 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second frame 51. The four first columns 526 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the base plate 521. The pressure plate 522 is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 521 for installing the positioning and pressure-bearing mechanism 55. The feeding mechanism 56 has a positioning hole 522a, a feed hole 522b, a feeding hole 522c, and a convex end 522d. The positioning hole 522a is located at the center of the pressure plate 522, the feeding hole 522c is located to one side of the positioning hole 522a, the convex end 522d is located at the rear right end of the pressure plate 522, the feed hole 522b is located on the convex end 522d, and the movable pressure plate 524 is located directly above the pressure plate 522 for mounting the movable pressure plate. The head mechanism 54 is provided with a movable groove 524a, a sliding groove 524b, and a positive convex end 524c. The movable groove 524a is located in the middle of the movable pressure plate 524, and a pair of sliding grooves 524b are located on both sides of the movable groove 524a. The positive convex end 524c is located in the middle of the rear of the movable pressure plate 524 and is vertically offset from the inclined convex end 522d. Four first columns 526 penetrate the pressure plate 522 and the movable pressure plate 524. Four linear bearings 525 are sleeved between the movable pressure plate 524 and the first columns 526. A first compression spring 523 is sleeved on the first column 526 located between the pressure plate 522 and the movable pressure plate 524. Four anti-detachment caps 527 are fixedly installed on the top of the first column 526 to prevent the movable pressure plate 524 from falling off when the first compression spring 523 rebounds. The two ends of the second column 528 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate 521 and the pressure plate 522 respectively to support the pressure plate 522.

[0048] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 The servo pressing mechanism 53 has a pressing head 531 at its lower end, which is aligned with the positioning hole 522a.

[0049] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6The movable pressure head mechanism 54 includes a pressure head mounting plate 541, a riveting assembly 542, a fidelity retaining assembly 543, a fixing cap 544, a sliding rod 545, and a shifting cylinder 546. The pressure head mounting plate 541 is movably mounted on a movable pressure plate 524. The riveting assembly 542 and the fidelity retaining assembly 543 are installed downward through the center of the pressure head mounting plate 541. The riveting assembly 542 extends downward through a movable groove 524a to pick up the oil-impregnated bearing and, under the action of the pressure head 531, press the oil-impregnated bearing into the connecting rod bearing hole. The fidelity retaining assembly 543 is arranged side by side with the riveting assembly 542 and extends downward through the movable groove 524a to eliminate the deformation and shrinkage of the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing caused by extrusion. The pressure head mounting plate 541 and the riveting assembly 542 and fidelity retaining assembly 543... A fixing cap 544 is screwed in between. Sliding rods 545 are fixed around the pressure head mounting plate 541. The sliding rods 545 pass through the sliding groove 524b and move within the sliding groove 524b to guide the pressure head mounting plate 541 to move back and forth on the movable pressure plate 524. The displacement cylinder 546 is fixedly installed on the positive convex end 524c, and its output end is fixedly connected to the pressure head mounting plate 541 to push the pressure head mounting plate 541 to move back and forth. By setting the moving pressure head mechanism 54, the displacement cylinder 546 drives the riveting assembly 542 and the fidelity assembly 543 to reciprocate back and forth through the pressure head mounting plate 541, realizing the synchronous movement of the riveting assembly 542 and the fidelity assembly 543, thereby realizing the cycle of bearing sleeve pressing and bearing inner hole fidelity.

[0050] See Figure 6 , Figure 7 The riveting assembly 542 includes a first mandrel 5421, a riveting head 5422, a first core cylinder 5423, and a second compression spring 5424. The first mandrel 5421 is located at the center of the riveting assembly 542, and its upper end is screwed to a fixing cap 544. The riveting head 5422 is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the first mandrel 5421 and is provided with a reducing ring for fitting an oil-impregnated bearing. The first core cylinder 5423 is movably sleeved on the lower part of the first mandrel 5421 and is used to push the oil-impregnated bearing on the riveting head 5422 into the connecting rod bearing hole, and is provided with a lock at its upper end. A mouth ring is provided to prevent it from detaching from the first mandrel 5421. The second compression spring 5424 is movably sleeved on the upper part of the first mandrel 5421, located between the pressure head mounting plate 541 and the first core cylinder 5423. The first mandrel 5421 has a constricted part 5421a at the part where the second compression spring 5424 and the first core cylinder 5423 contact. By setting the riveting assembly 542, the first mandrel 5421 can smoothly realize the sleeve, press-fit and pull-out of the oil-impregnated bearing under the joint action of the first core cylinder 5423 and the second compression spring 5424.

[0051] See Figure 6 , Figure 8The fidelity assembly 543 includes a second spindle 5431, a push rod 5432, a second core cylinder 5433, a steel ball 5434, a ball inlet tube 5435, and a third compression spring 5436. The second spindle 5431 is located at the center of the fidelity assembly 543, and its upper end is screwed to a fixing cap 544. The second core cylinder 5433 is movably sleeved on the lower part of the second spindle 5431, and has a hollow inner cavity in the middle. An arc-shaped ball seat 5433a is provided at the lower end of the inner cavity. A steel ball 5434 is provided inside the second core cylinder 5433. The steel ball 5434 has the same diameter as the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing. The bottom of the second core cylinder 5433 has an elastic ball passage hole 5433b. The ball passage tube 5435 is obliquely arranged on one side of the outer wall of the second core cylinder 5433 and communicates with the inner cavity of the second core cylinder 5433 for transporting the steel ball 5434. The push rod 5432 is located at the center of the inner cavity of the second core cylinder 5433. Its upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second spindle 5431, and its lower end is vertically facing the steel ball 543. 4. A third compression spring 5436 is movably sleeved on the upper part of the second spindle 5431 and located between the second core cylinder 5433 and the pressure head mounting plate 541. A pair of pins 5431a are provided at the contact points between the second spindle 5431 and the second core cylinder 5433 to prevent the second spindle 5431 from disengaging from the second core cylinder 5433. By setting the fidelity-preserving component 543, the push rod on the second spindle 5431... Under the combined action of the second core cylinder 5433 and the third compression spring 5436, the steel ball 5434 is pushed into the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing through the elastic ball hole 5433b. Since the steel ball 5434 has the same diameter as the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing, the steel ball 5434 penetrates the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing under a certain pressure, thereby eliminating the inner hole deformation and shrinkage caused by the extrusion of the oil-impregnated bearing, ensuring the correctness and consistency of the inner hole size of the oil-impregnated bearing, and realizing the authenticity of the oil-impregnated bearing.

[0052] See Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10The positioning and pressure-bearing mechanism 55 includes a positioning cylinder 551, a guide 552, an air inlet pipe 5521, a ball outlet pipe 5522, a positioning core 553, a support 554, a positioning seat 555, and a positioning spindle 556. The positioning cylinder 551 is fixedly installed below the pressure plate 522 with its output end facing upwards. The guide 552 is fixedly installed above the pressure plate 522 and has a cross-shaped through hole running vertically and horizontally in its center. The air inlet pipe 5521 is horizontally arranged on one side of the guide 552 and is connected to a high-pressure air source through an air supply pipe for supplying air to the pressure plate 522. Air is blown into the guide 552. The ball outlet pipe 5522 is horizontally positioned on the other side of the guide 552, connecting to the air inlet pipe 5521 and connected to the ball inlet pipe 5435 via a delivery pipe. Under the action of high-pressure airflow, the steel ball 5434 that has fallen into the guide 552 is blown into the second core cylinder 5433 through the delivery pipe and the ball inlet pipe 5435. The positioning core 553 is fixedly installed between the positioning cylinder 551 and the guide 552 through the positioning hole 522a. The support 554 is fixedly installed above the guide 552 for placing... The connecting rod and positioning seat 555 are fixedly mounted above the bearing platform 554. The positioning seat 555 has a central through hole and a fan-shaped opening on one side for fixing the end of the connecting rod. The guide 552, bearing platform 554, and positioning seat 555 all have through holes running vertically through their centers. A positioning mandrel 556 is fixedly connected to the output end of the positioning cylinder 551. The positioning mandrel 556 is telescopically connected through the central through holes of the guide 552, bearing platform 554, and positioning seat 555, as well as the connecting rod bearing hole. The top end of the positioning mandrel 556 mates with the connecting rod bearing hole. A positioning pressure device is installed... Structure 55 utilizes positioning cylinder 551 to push positioning mandrel 556 through guide 552, bearing 554, positioning seat 555 central through hole and connecting rod bearing hole in sequence, which effectively achieves concentric and precise positioning of connecting rod, ensures pressing accuracy and improves pressing quality; and by setting guide 552, which has a cross through hole in the center that runs vertically and horizontally, it connects to air inlet pipe 5521 and ball outlet pipe 5522 horizontally, and connects to positioning mandrel 553 and bearing 554 vertically, thereby realizing the circulation of steel ball 5434.

[0053] See Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 11The feeding mechanism 56 includes a slide block 561, a slide tray 562, a pusher cylinder 563, a top-loading cylinder 564, a guide cylinder 565, a hanging ear 566, a lifting rod 567, a guide 568, and an auxiliary pressure block 569. The slide block 561 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the inclined convex end 522d, and has a groove at its upper end. The slide tray 562 is slidably mounted in the groove of the slide block 561, and has a receiving hole 562a at its front end. The pusher cylinder 563 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the slide block 561, with its output end facing right and fixedly connected to the right end of the slide tray 562, pushing the slide tray 562 to reciprocate. The guide cylinder 565 is fixedly mounted on the feed hole 522b, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the oil-impregnated bearing. The hanging ear 566 is horizontally mounted on the gantry frame 4. A rod 567 is vertically positioned between the lug 566 and the pressure plate 522. Its upper end is movably connected to the lug 566, and its lower end passes through the guide cylinder 565. An auxiliary pressure block 569 is movably fitted onto the rod 567 and is used to guide the oil-impregnated bearing downwards. The outer diameter of the rod 567 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing and is used to transport the oil-impregnated bearing. A guide 568 is fixedly installed in the feeding hole 522c of the pressure plate 522 and has a guide through hole 568a. A top-loading cylinder 564 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the left end of the slide block 561. Its output end moves upwards and passes through the receiving hole 562a and the guide through hole 568a in sequence. By setting up the feeding mechanism 56, the oil-impregnated bearing is realized to feed downwards longitudinally, feed forward horizontally, and push upwards longitudinally.

[0054] Furthermore, this invention also provides a pressing method for an oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1 Positioning: The connecting rod is manually placed on the platform 554 of the positioning pressure mechanism 55, and the end of the connecting rod with the bearing hole is placed in the positioning seat 555. The positioning cylinder 551 is inlet air and pushes the positioning mandrel 556 to rise and pass through the guide 552, platform 554, and center of positioning seat 555 in sequence to enter the connecting rod bearing hole, thereby performing concentric and precise positioning of the connecting rod bearing hole.

[0056] S2 Feeding: Several oil-impregnated bearings are manually mounted on the lifting rod 567 and the auxiliary pressure block 569 is mounted on it. Under the action of its own weight and the auxiliary pressure block 569, the oil-impregnated bearings slide down the lifting rod 567 and fall into the feed hole 522b under the guidance of the guide cylinder 565. The push cylinder 563 takes in air and pulls the slide 562 outward. When the receiving hole 562a on the slide 562 moves to be connected with the feed hole 522b, the oil-impregnated bearing falls into the receiving hole 562a.

[0057] S3 Feeding: The pusher cylinder 563 releases air and retracts, causing the slide 562 to move inward. When the receiving hole 562a on the slide 562 moves to communicate with the guide hole 568a, the air inlet and outlet end of the top cylinder 564 extends and pushes the oil-impregnated bearing into the guide hole 568a. After completing S4 material removal, the top cylinder 564 releases air and resets.

[0058] S4 Material Picking: The displacement cylinder 546 on the moving pressure head mechanism 54 releases air and retracts, moving the moving pressure head mechanism 54 outward. When the riveting pressure head 5422 moves directly above the guide hole 568a, the servo pressing mechanism 53 starts in the forward direction, driving the pressure head 531 to press down the riveting assembly 542, pressing the riveting pressure head 5422 into the guide hole 568a of the guide 568, and then into the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing, thereby putting the oil-impregnated bearing onto the shrinking ring of the riveting pressure head 5422. The servo pressing mechanism 53 starts in the reverse direction, driving the pressure head 531 to rise and reset. At this time, the moving pressure head mechanism 54 moves upward under the action of the first compression spring 523, and the riveting pressure head 5422 with the oil-impregnated bearing is pulled away from the guide hole 568a.

[0059] S5 Pressing: The shifting cylinder 546 is pushed by air to move the moving pressing head mechanism 54 inward. When the riveting pressing head 5422 moves to the position seat 555, the servo pressing mechanism 53 starts in the forward direction, driving the pressing head 531 to press down the riveting assembly 542, pressing the oil-impregnated bearing on the riveting pressing head 5422 into the connecting rod bearing hole. Then, the servo pressing mechanism 53 starts in the reverse direction, driving the pressing head 531 to rise and reset. The moving pressing head mechanism 54 moves upward under the action of the first compression spring 523. Under the combined action of the first core cylinder 5423 and the second compression spring 5424, the first mandrel 5421 pushes away the oil-impregnated bearing on the riveting pressing head 5422. At the same time, the positioning cylinder 551 releases air and retracts the positioning mandrel 556 to descend to the lowest position (at this time, the top of the positioning mandrel 556 is located below the left and right channels of the guide 552).

[0060] S6 Fidelity and Synchronous Material Retrieval: The displacement cylinder 546 releases air and retracts, pushing the moving pressure head mechanism 54 to move outward. When the fidelity component 543 moves to directly above the positioning seat 555, the riveting pressure head 5422 also moves to directly above the guide hole 568a at the same time. The servo pressing mechanism 53 starts in the forward direction, driving the pressure head 531 to press down. On the one hand, it drives the push rod 5432 in the fidelity component 543 to press down, pushing the steel ball 5434 through the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing below and falling into the inner cavity of the guide 552, thus completing the fidelity of the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing. On the other hand, it drives the riveting component 542 to press down, pressing the riveting pressure head 5422 into the guide hole 568a, thereby fitting the oil-impregnated bearing into the riveting pressure head 5422, completing synchronous material retrieval.

[0061] S7 Steel Ball Recovery and Pressure Head Reset: High-pressure airflow enters the inner cavity of guide 552 through inlet pipe 5521, blowing out the steel ball 5434 that has fallen into the inner cavity of guide 552. The ball then passes through outlet pipe 5522, connecting pipe, and inlet pipe 5435, and is blown upward into the inner cavity of the second core cylinder 5433. The connecting rod with the pressed oil-impregnated bearing is manually removed, and the positioning cylinder 551 is inlet, causing the positioning mandrel 556 to rise to the highest position and a new connecting rod is inserted. The servo pressing mechanism 53 starts in reverse, driving the pressure head 531 to rise and reset, entering the next working cycle.

Claims

1. An oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine, comprising a cabinet (1), a first frame (2), a control device (3), a gantry frame (4), and a press-fitting device (5), characterized in that: The first rack (2) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the cabinet (1), the control device (3) is located above the front of the first rack (2) and is electrically connected to the pressing device (5), the gantry (4) is fixedly installed above the first rack (2), and the pressing device (5) is located in the middle of the first rack (2); The pressing device (5) includes a second frame (51), a third frame (52), a servo pressing mechanism (53), a moving pressing head mechanism (54), a positioning and bearing pressure mechanism (55), and a feeding mechanism (56). The second frame (51) is located above the cabinet (1). The third frame (52) is located in the second frame (51). The servo pressing mechanism (53) is fixedly located on the second frame (51). The moving pressing head mechanism (54) is located in the middle of the upper part of the third frame (52) and directly below the servo pressing mechanism (53). The positioning and bearing pressure mechanism (55) is located in the middle of the third frame (52) and directly below the moving pressing head mechanism (54). The feeding mechanism (56) is located on the third frame (52), on one side of the positioning and bearing pressure mechanism (55), and below the moving pressing head mechanism (54). The third frame (52) includes a base plate (521), a pressure plate (522), a first compression spring (523), a movable pressure plate (524), a linear bearing (525), a first column (526), ​​an anti-detachment cap (527), and a second column (528). The base plate (521) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second frame (51). The four first columns (526) are fixedly installed at the four corners of the base plate (521). The pressure plate (522) is fixedly installed directly above the base plate (521) and has a positioning hole (522a), a feed hole (522b), a feeding hole (522c), and a slanted protrusion (522d). The movable pressure plate (524) is installed on the pressure plate. Above the plate (522), there is a movable groove (524a), a sliding groove (524b), and a positive convex end (524c). Four first columns (526) penetrate the pressure plate (522) and the movable pressure plate (524). Four linear bearings (525) are sleeved between the movable pressure plate (524) and the first columns (526). A first compression spring (523) is sleeved on the first column (526) between the pressure plate (522) and the movable pressure plate (524). Four anti-detachment caps (527) are fixedly installed at the top of the first column (526). The two ends of the second column (528) are fixedly connected to the bottom plate (521) and the pressure plate (522) respectively. The servo pressing mechanism (53) has a pressing head (531) at its lower end, which is on the same straight line as the positioning hole (522a); The movable pressure head mechanism (54) includes a pressure head mounting plate (541), a riveting assembly (542), a fidelity assembly (543), a fixing cap (544), a sliding rod (545), and a shifting cylinder (546). The pressure head mounting plate (541) is movably mounted on a movable pressure plate (524). The riveting assembly (542) and the fidelity assembly (543) are disposed through the center of the pressure head mounting plate (541) facing downward. The riveting assembly (542) passes through a movable groove (524a) downward. The fidelity assembly (543) and the riveting assembly are connected. (542) are arranged side by side and penetrate downward through the movable groove (524a). The pressure head mounting plate (541) is screwed with a fixing cap (544) between it and the riveting assembly (542) and the fidelity assembly (543). Sliding rods (545) are fixedly provided around the pressure head mounting plate (541). The sliding rods (545) penetrate downward through the sliding groove (524b) and move within the sliding groove (524b). The displacement cylinder (546) is fixedly installed on the positive convex end (524c) and its output end is fixedly connected to the pressure head mounting plate (541).

2. The oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The riveting assembly (542) includes a first mandrel (5421), a riveting head (5422), a first core cylinder (5423), and a second compression spring (5424). The first mandrel (5421) is located at the center of the riveting assembly (542), and its upper end is screwed to a fixing cap (544). The riveting head (5422) is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the first mandrel (5421), and a narrowing ring is provided at the lower end. The first core cylinder (5423) is movably sleeved on the lower part of the first mandrel (5421), and a locking ring is provided at the upper end. The second compression spring (5424) is movably sleeved on the upper part of the first mandrel (5421), located between the head mounting plate (541) and the first core cylinder (5423). The first mandrel (5421) has a narrowing part (5421a) at the part where the second compression spring (5424) and the first core cylinder (5423) contact.

3. The oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fidelity assembly (543) includes a second spindle (5431), a push rod (5432), a second core cylinder (5433), a steel ball (5434), a ball inlet tube (5435), and a third compression spring (5436). The second spindle (5431) is located at the center of the fidelity assembly (543), and its upper end is screwed to a fixing cap (544). The second core cylinder (5433) is movably sleeved on the lower part of the second spindle (5431), and has a hollow inner cavity in the middle. An arc-shaped ball seat (5433a) is provided at the lower end of the inner cavity. The arc-shaped ball seat (5433a) contains a steel ball (5434), and the steel ball (5434) has the same diameter as the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing. The second core cylinder (5433) The bottom is provided with an elastic ball passage hole (5433b). The ball inlet tube (5435) is obliquely arranged on the outer wall of one side of the second core cylinder (5433) and communicates with the inner cavity of the second core cylinder (5433). The push rod (5432) is located at the center of the inner cavity of the second core cylinder (5433), with its upper end fixedly connected to the lower end of the second spindle (5431) and its lower end vertically facing the steel ball (5434). The third compression spring (5436) is movably sleeved on the upper part of the second spindle (5431) and located between the second core cylinder (5433) and the pressure head mounting plate (541). A pair of pins (5431a) are provided at the contact part between the second spindle (5431) and the second core cylinder (5433).

4. The oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning and pressure bearing mechanism (55) includes a positioning cylinder (551), a guide (552), an air inlet pipe (5521), a ball outlet pipe (5522), a positioning core (553), a support (554), a positioning seat (555), and a positioning mandrel (556). The positioning cylinder (551) is fixedly installed below the pressure plate (522) with its output end facing upward. The guide (552) is fixedly installed above the pressure plate (522) and has a cross-shaped through hole running vertically and horizontally in the center. The air inlet pipe (5521) is horizontally installed on one side of the guide (552) and is connected to a high-pressure air source through a gas delivery pipe. The ball outlet pipe (5522) is horizontally installed on the other side of the guide (552), communicating with the air inlet pipe (5521) and connected to the ball outlet pipe (5522) through a delivery pipe. 435) Connection, the positioning core (553) is fixedly installed between the positioning cylinder (551) and the guide (552) through the positioning hole (522a), the support (554) is fixedly installed above the guide (552), the positioning seat (555) is fixedly installed above the support (554), with a through hole in the center and a fan-shaped opening on one side, the guide (552), the support (554) and the positioning seat (555) are all provided with through holes that run vertically through the center, the positioning cylinder (551) is fixedly connected to the positioning core (553) at the output end, the positioning spindle (556) passes through the guide (552), the support (554), the positioning seat (555) in the center through hole and the connecting rod bearing hole in sequence, and the top end of the positioning spindle (556) is engaged with the connecting rod bearing hole.

5. The oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (56) includes a slide (561), a slide (562), a pusher cylinder (563), a top cylinder (564), a guide cylinder (565), a hanging ear (566), a lifting rod (567), a guide (568), and an auxiliary pressure block (569). The slide (561) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the inclined convex end (522d) and has a groove at the upper end. The slide (562) is slidably mounted in the groove of the slide (561) and has a receiving hole (562a) at the front end. The pusher cylinder (563) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the slide (561), with its output end facing right and fixedly connected to the right end of the slide (562), pushing the slide (562) to reciprocate. The guide cylinder (565) is fixedly mounted in the feed hole (522b). On the gantry (4), the inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the oil-impregnated bearing. The hanging lug (566) is horizontally set on the gantry (4). The lifting rod (567) is vertically set between the hanging lug (566) and the bearing plate (522). The upper end is movably connected to the hanging lug (566), and the lower end passes through the guide cylinder (565). The auxiliary pressure block (569) is movably sleeved on the lifting rod (567). The outer diameter of the lifting rod (567) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing. The guide (568) is fixedly installed in the feeding hole (522c) of the bearing plate (522) and has a guide through hole (568a). The top material cylinder (564) is fixedly set on the lower bottom surface of the left end of the slide (561). The output end moves upward and passes through the receiving hole (562a) and the guide through hole (568a) in sequence.

6. The oil-impregnated bearing press-fitting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressing method includes the following steps: S1 Positioning: The connecting rod is manually placed on the platform (554) of the positioning pressure mechanism (55), and the end of the connecting rod with the bearing hole is placed in the positioning seat (555). The positioning cylinder (551) is powered by air to push the positioning mandrel (556) to rise and pass through the guide (552), platform (554), and center of positioning seat (555) to enter the connecting rod bearing hole, thereby achieving concentric and precise positioning of the connecting rod bearing hole. S2 Feeding: Several oil-impregnated bearings are manually mounted on the lifting rod (567) of the feeding mechanism (56) and an auxiliary pressure block (569) is mounted on them. Under the action of their own weight and the auxiliary pressure block (569), the oil-impregnated bearings slide down the lifting rod (567) and fall into the feed hole (522b) under the guidance of the guide cylinder (565). The push cylinder (563) takes in air to pull the slide (562) outward. When the receiving hole (562a) on the slide (562) moves to be connected with the feed hole (522b), the oil-impregnated bearing falls into the receiving hole (562a). S3 Feeding: The pusher cylinder (563) releases air and retracts, causing the slide (562) to move inward. When the receiving hole (562a) on the slide (562) moves to be connected with the guide hole (568a), the air inlet and outlet end of the top cylinder (564) extends and pushes the oil-impregnated bearing into the guide hole (568a). After completing S4 material removal, the top cylinder (564) releases air and resets. S4 Material Picking: The displacement cylinder (546) on the moving pressure head mechanism (54) is depressurized and retracted, moving the moving pressure head mechanism (54) outward. When the riveting pressure head (5422) moves directly above the guide hole (568a), the servo pressing mechanism (53) starts in the forward direction, driving the pressure head (531) to press down the riveting assembly (542), pressing the riveting pressure head (5422) into the guide hole (568a) of the feeder (568), and then pressing it into the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing, thereby putting the oil-impregnated bearing onto the shrinking ring of the riveting pressure head (5422). The servo pressing mechanism (53) starts in the reverse direction, driving the pressure head (531) to rise and reset. At this time, the moving pressure head mechanism (54) moves upward under the action of the first compression spring (523), and the riveting pressure head (5422) with the oil-impregnated bearing is pulled away from the guide hole (568a). S5 Pressing: The shifting cylinder (546) is inlet air and pushes the moving press head mechanism (54) to move inward. When the riveting press head (5422) moves to the position seat (555) directly above, the servo pressing mechanism (53) starts in the forward direction and drives the press head (531) to press down the riveting assembly (542), pressing the oil-impregnated bearing on the riveting press head (5422) into the connecting rod bearing hole. Then, the servo pressing mechanism (53) starts in the reverse direction and drives the press head (531) to rise and reset. The moving press head mechanism (54) moves upward under the action of the first compression spring (523). Under the combined action of the first core cylinder (5423) and the second compression spring (5424), the first mandrel (5421) pushes away the oil-impregnated bearing on the riveting press head (5422). At the same time, the positioning cylinder (551) releases air and retracts the positioning mandrel (556) to descend to the lowest position. S6 Fidelity and Synchronous Material Handling: The displacement cylinder (546) releases air and retracts, pushing the moving pressure head mechanism (54) to move outward. When the fidelity component (543) moves directly above the positioning seat (555), the riveting pressure head (5422) also moves directly above the guide hole (568a) at the same time. The servo pressing mechanism (53) starts forward, driving the pressure head (531) to press down, which in turn drives the push rod (54) in the fidelity component (543) to press down. 32) Pressing down pushes the steel ball (5434) through the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing below and drops it into the inner cavity of the guide (552), thus completing the integrity of the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing; on the other hand, it drives the riveting assembly (542) to press down and press the riveting head (5422) into the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing, and presses the riveting head (5422) into the guide hole (568a), thereby fitting the oil-impregnated bearing into the riveting head (5422) and completing the synchronous material picking. S7 Steel Ball Recovery and Pressure Head Reset: High-pressure airflow enters the inner cavity of the guide (552) through the air inlet pipe (5521), blowing out the steel ball (5434) that has fallen into the inner cavity of the guide (552). The ball passes through the ball outlet pipe (5522), the connecting pipe, and the ball inlet pipe (5435) and is blown upward into the inner cavity of the second core cylinder (5433). The connecting rod with the pressed oil-impregnated bearing is manually removed, and the positioning cylinder (551) is energized, causing the positioning mandrel (556) to rise to the highest position and a new connecting rod is inserted. The servo pressing mechanism (53) starts in reverse, driving the pressure head (531) to rise and reset, entering the next working cycle.

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