A multi-dimensional self-adaptive pot-type insulator surface charge measuring device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-dimensional self-adaptive basin type insulator surface charge measuring device and method, including adjustable four-dimensional motion mechanism and motion calibration module.The adjustable four-dimensional motion mechanism includes electrostatic probe, motion control mechanism, motion adjustment mechanism, terminal block.Motion calibration module includes laser range finder, encoder and the like.Through translation axis, telescopic shaft, probe rotating shaft and telescopic shaft, the scanning control of probe is carried out.Through changing measurement radius adjustment shaft, circle center correction or replacing different sizes of translation axis and sliding contact line terminal block, the measurement of different sizes of basin type insulator is realized.Through encoder, laser range finder, the verification of the walking distance of motion control mechanism and the determination of rotating shaft circle center are completed, and the accurate measurement of different sizes of basin type insulator is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of high-voltage direct current transmission, and relates to an adjustable self-adaptive four-dimensional basin-type insulator surface charge measuring device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] High-voltage direct current transmission has advantages of small loss in long-distance power transmission, being conducive to power grid interconnection, frequency conversion and the like, and in recent years, high-voltage direct current transmission industry has been developed vigorously, and the voltage level of super and ultra-high voltage transmission equipment is gradually increased. However, the power transmission line inevitably passes through regions with high altitude, high seismic intensity and special terrain environment, which brings challenges to the operation reliability and stability of the power transmission line. Different from the traditional air insulation direct current field equipment, the gas insulated switchgear (GIS) / gas insulated transmission line (GIL) has compact structure and high reliability, and is the preferred solution for replacing cables and overhead lines in special environments such as water and electricity transmission, mountain crossing and underground pipe network. In addition, compared with air insulation switchgear and overhead lines, the GIS / GIL can reduce the land area by more than 70% under the same power transmission capacity, which is an important means to solve the shortage of land resources and the lightening of offshore platforms, and the direct current GIL / GIS will become an important part of the future high-voltage direct current (HVDC) device.

[0003] However, under the direct current condition, there is a transition process from initial capacitance to steady resistance in the electric field of the GIS / GIL, and the electric charge will gradually migrate and accumulate on the surface of the basin-type insulator under the action of the electric field line. The basin-type insulator is an important equipment for mechanical support and electrical insulation in the GIL, and the accumulation of gas-solid interface charge will cause distortion of the surface electric field of the insulator, and even cause surface flashover, especially under the condition of polarity reversal, the accumulated surface charge will cause the surface flashover voltage to drop, causing the basin-type insulator to fail and affecting the safe and stable operation of the direct current transmission equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the surface charge of the basin-type insulator and analyze the accumulation law of the gas-solid interface charge.

[0004] However, the surface of the basin-type insulator is an irregular surface composed of inclined surfaces and curved surfaces, so it is necessary to write a program according to the topography of the basin-type insulator and use a four-dimensional motion device to control the probe to scan the surface charge. However, the current surface charge testing device can only measure one type of basin-type insulator, the four-dimensional motion device has many parts, and the debugging and assembly process is very complex, and it is troublesome and uneconomical to design a set of surface charge testing device for different types of basin-type insulators. Therefore, it is necessary to study an adjustable surface charge testing system which can measure multiple sizes and different topographies of basin-type insulators. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to provide an adjustable adaptive four-dimensional surface charge measuring device and method for a basin-type insulator, so as to solve the problems that the existing measuring device cannot measure the real running basin-type insulator and cannot detect the basin-type insulators with different sizes and appearances.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the application provides an adjustable adaptive four-dimensional surface charge measuring device for a basin-type insulator, comprising:

[0008] A four-dimensional motion module, the four-dimensional motion module comprises a rotating mechanism, a translation shaft is arranged on the rotating mechanism, and the translation shaft can rotate under the driving of the rotating mechanism; a telescopic shaft is connected to the translation shaft, one end of the telescopic shaft is vertically installed on a translation shaft sliding module of the translation shaft through a measuring radius adjusting shaft, and can slide along the axial direction of the translation shaft; the other end of the telescopic shaft is a free end, and a probe turning control mechanism for controlling the action of an electrostatic probe is arranged on the free end of the telescopic shaft;

[0009] A motion calibration module, the motion calibration module comprises a center calibration mechanism and a four-dimensional motion calibration mechanism; the center calibration mechanism is connected to the rotating mechanism and is used for calibrating the center; the four-dimensional motion calibration mechanism is connected to the rotating mechanism, the translation shaft, the telescopic shaft and the probe turning control mechanism, and is used for collecting signals of the rotating mechanism, the translation shaft, the telescopic shaft and the electrostatic probe, comparing the collected signals with electric signals sent by a control system, and correcting the position when the position is not correct.

[0010] Further, the probe turning control mechanism of the application is connected with a probe turning driving motor for driving the electrostatic probe to rotate.

[0011] Further, the telescopic shaft of the application is connected with a telescopic shaft driving motor.

[0012] Further, the translation shaft of the application is provided with a translation shaft sliding module, and the translation shaft sliding module is provided with a translation shaft driving motor for driving the translation shaft sliding module to move.

[0013] Further, the rotating mechanism of the application comprises a rotating table and a rotating driving motor arranged in the rotating table, and the rotating table and the rotating driving motor are connected to the center calibration mechanism.

[0014] Further, the four-dimensional motion calibration mechanism of the application comprises a probe distance meter arranged on the electrostatic probe, a telescopic shaft distance meter installed on the telescopic shaft, and a translation shaft distance meter installed on the translation shaft sliding module.

[0015] Further, the center calibration mechanism comprises a center correction range finder installed near the free end of the telescopic shaft and a center calibration mechanism translation shaft, wherein the center calibration mechanism translation shaft is provided with a center calibration mechanism slider and a center calibration mechanism driving motor for driving the center calibration mechanism slider to move along the center calibration mechanism translation shaft; the rotation mechanism is installed on one side of the center calibration mechanism slider, and the other side of the center calibration mechanism slider is provided with a rotary shaft encoder.

[0016] Further, the control system is installed on a fixed base vertically connected with the bottom end of the center calibration mechanism translation shaft.

[0017] Further, one end of the translation shaft is provided with a trolley wire terminal block in sliding contact with the trolley wire terminal disc for communication between each range finder and the control system.

[0018] In the second aspect, the application provides an adjustable adaptive four-dimensional pot-type insulator surface charge measurement method using the device of any one of claims 1-9, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: determining the control program of the four-dimensional motion mechanism according to the surface topography or curve function of the pot-type insulator;

[0020] Step 2: adjusting the measurement range of the adaptive pot-type insulator surface charge measurement system to be consistent with the radius of the pot-type insulator by adjusting the measurement radius adjusting shaft or replacing the active connection translation shaft and the trolley wire terminal disc according to the size of the pot-type insulator to be measured;

[0021] Step 3: fixing the surface charge measurement device in the GIL cavity connected with the pot-type insulator to be measured, and adjusting the installation position of the left and right ends to ensure that it is on the central axis of the pot-type insulator;

[0022] Step 4: correcting the center of the surface charge measurement device, rotating the telescopic shaft by 360 degrees, and correcting the center according to the test data of the center correction range finder, and performing center checking;

[0023] Step 5: shrinking the telescopic shaft to the minimum value, and pressurizing the pot-type insulator;

[0024] Step 6: after the pressurization is completed, controlling the four-dimensional motion mechanism to start scanning the surface potential of the pot-type insulator;

[0025] Step 7: after the scanning is completed, calculating the surface charge distribution of the pot-type insulator according to the three-dimensional surface charge distribution characteristics through the inversion algorithm.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This invention, by controlling a four-dimensional motion control device, adjusting the measurement radius adjustment shaft and the center calibration mechanism, and replacing the translation shaft and sliding contact plate, can measure the surface charge of basin-type insulators of different sizes and shapes, thus eliminating the need to customize surface charge measurement devices for insulators of different sizes. The installation of the sliding contact plate allows the rotating shaft to rotate at any angle, avoiding mechanical interference that may occur during wiring and rotation, and making the four-dimensional motion control method more flexible. Simultaneously, this invention is portable and easy to install, and can be directly installed and fixed inside GIL pipes to complete the testing of basin-type insulators on various high-voltage equipment. Furthermore, the motion calibration module can accurately control the motion path of the four-dimensional operating mechanism, improving the measurement accuracy of the surface charge of the basin-type insulator. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This invention relates to an adaptive basin-type insulator surface charge measurement system.

[0030] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the center calibration mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the design process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 The surface potential measurement results of a basin-type insulator according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0033] Among them, 1-electrostatic probe, 21-probe steering control mechanism, 22-telescopic shaft, 23-translation shaft, 24-center calibration mechanism translation shaft, 31-probe steering drive motor, 32-telescopic shaft drive motor, 33-translation shaft drive motor, 34-rotation drive motor and rotary table, 35-center calibration mechanism drive motor, 41-sliding contact line terminal block, 42-sliding contact line contact plate, 51-fixed base, 52-measuring radius adjustment shaft, 53-translation shaft sliding module, 54-center calibration mechanism slider, 61-probe rangefinder, 62-telescopic shaft rangefinder, 63-translation shaft rangefinder, 64-rotation shaft encoder, 65-center calibration rangefinder, 71-control system. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that: similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the present application is used, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection", "connection" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings:

[0041] Referring toFigure 1 The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of adjustable adaptive four-dimensional basin type insulator surface charge measuring device, including two parts, one is adjustable four-dimensional motion mechanism, two is motion calibration module.

[0042] Adjustable four-dimensional motion mechanism includes probe steering control mechanism 21, radial movement telescopic shaft 22, translation shaft 23 and center correction mechanism.Probe steering control mechanism 21 is fixed in telescopic shaft 22 most front end with electrostatic probe 1.Telescopic shaft 22 is connected with translation shaft 23 by measuring radius adjustment shaft 52, which is connected as movable connection, so that telescopic shaft 22 can adjust the size of measuring radius in lateral range.Translation shaft 23 center is movably connected with rotating mechanism 34, so that it can rotate at any angle while transversely moving;Rotating mechanism 34 includes rotating drive motor and rotating table.Rotating table is fixed on center correction mechanism translation shaft 24, and rotating drive motor is installed on rotating table.Center correction mechanism translation shaft 24 drives rotating mechanism 34, translation shaft 23, telescopic shaft 22 and probe steering control mechanism 21 to realize the center correction of entire four-dimensional motion system.Center correction mechanism translation shaft 24 is fixed on fixed base 51.Control system 71 is fixed on fixed base 51.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2 Center correction mechanism drive motor 35, rotating mechanism 34 and rotating shaft encoder 64 are directly connected with control system 71, and the rest of the wiring transmits electrical signals through slide wire terminal block 41.Slide wire terminal block 41 is connected with fixed base 51 by bolt connection mode, and transmits electrical signals emitted by control system 71, including control signals of translation shaft 23, control signals of telescopic shaft 22, control signals of probe steering control mechanism 21, control signals and data transmission of translation shaft range finder 63, control signals and data transmission of telescopic shaft range finder 62, control signals and data transmission of probe range finder 61, control signals and data transmission of center correction range finder 65 and measurement signals and data transmission of electrostatic probe 1.

[0044] Among them, probe steering drive motor 31 controls electrostatic probe 1 and probe steering control mechanism 21 to rotate in any direction, telescopic shaft drive motor 32 controls telescopic shaft 22 to move axially, translation shaft drive motor 33 drives translation shaft sliding module 53 and telescopic shaft 22 to move radially, and rotating drive mechanism 34 drives translation shaft 23 to rotate at any angle.

[0045] Motion calibration module includes center correction mechanism and four-dimensional motion calibration mechanism.

[0046] The center calibration mechanism includes a center calibration mechanism translation shaft 24, a center calibration mechanism drive motor 35, and a center calibration distance measuring instrument 65. During the center calibration process, the translation shaft 23 drives the center calibration distance measuring instrument 65 on the telescopic shaft 22 to rotate 360 ​​degrees, measuring the distance between the center calibration distance measuring instrument 65 and the surface of the basin insulator at 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees respectively, and feeding the data back to the control system 71. The control system 71 controls the center calibration mechanism drive motor 35 to drive the center calibration mechanism translation shaft 24 up and down to align the surface charge measuring device with the center of the basin insulator to be measured. After calibration, the control system 71 again controls the translation shaft 23 to drive the center calibration distance measuring instrument 65 on the telescopic shaft 22 to rotate 360 ​​degrees and measure the corresponding data for verification until the center is centered.

[0047] The four-dimensional motion calibration mechanism includes a probe rangefinder 61, a telescopic axis rangefinder 62, a translation axis rangefinder 63, and a rotary axis encoder 64. During the motion, the signal measured by the rangefinder is compared and corrected with the electrical signal emitted by the control system 71. When the four-dimensional motion mechanism is not in the correct position, the control system 71 controls the probe steering drive motor 31, the telescopic axis drive motor 32, the translation axis drive motor 33, the rotary drive motor, and the rotary table 34 to perform correction, ensuring that the electrostatic probe 1 always maintains a distance of 3mm from the surface of the basin insulator. The accuracy of the telescopic axis 22 and the translation axis 23 is 0.01mm, and the accuracy of the rotary axis is 0.1°.

[0048] The surface charge measuring device is adjustable, including center calibration and an adjustable measuring radius. There are two main methods for adjusting the measuring radius: measuring different sizes of basin-type insulators can be achieved by adjusting the measuring radius adjusting shaft 52 and the center calibration mechanism 24; or, the charge of basin-type insulators of different sizes can be measured by changing the movable connection translation shaft 23 and the sliding contact line terminal block 41. The movable connection includes insert connections, bolt connections, etc.

[0049] like Figure 3 The specific field measurement procedure using the basin-type insulator surface charge measuring device is shown below:

[0050] Step 1: Determine the control program for the four-dimensional motion mechanism based on the surface morphology or curve function of the basin insulator.

[0051] Step 2: Based on the size of the basin insulator to be tested, adjust the measuring radius adjustment shaft 52 or replace the movable translation shaft 23 and the sliding contact line terminal block 41 to make the measuring range of the adaptive basin insulator surface charge measurement system consistent with the radius of the basin insulator.

[0052] Step 3: First, fix the surface charge measuring device in the GIL cavity connected with the pot-type insulator to be measured, and adjust the installation positions of the left and right ends to ensure that it is on the central axis of the pot-type insulator.

[0053] Step 4: Correct the center of the surface charge measuring device, control the rotation of the telescopic shaft 22 by 360 degrees, and correct the center according to the test data of the center correction range finder 65, and perform the center correction.

[0054] Step 5: Shrink the telescopic shaft 22 to the minimum value, and pressurize the pot-type insulator.

[0055] Step 6: After the pressurization is completed, control the four-dimensional motion mechanism to start scanning the surface potential of the pot-type insulator.

[0056] Step 7: After the scanning is completed, the surface charge distribution of the pot-type insulator is calculated according to the three-dimensional surface charge distribution characteristics through the inversion algorithm.

[0057] The application example of the present application is as shown in the figure, which is the surface potential distribution characteristics of the real pot-type insulator measured after being pressurized for 60kV for 1h. Figure 4

[0058] Principle of the present application:

[0059] The center correction mechanism is fixed on the bottom fixed support, the rotating shaft control motor and the rotating table are fixed on the center correction mechanism support, the translation shaft is movably connected with the rotating motor, the telescopic shaft is movably connected with the translation shaft, the probe control motor is installed on the last section of the telescopic shaft, and the probe rotating control device and the probe are installed on the last end of the telescopic shaft. The radially movable telescopic shaft, the axially movable translation shaft, the probe rotating control mechanism 21 which can rotate by 360 degrees and the probe wire all transmit electrical signals through the slide contact wire terminal 41, so that the four-dimensional motion mechanism can realize rotation in any angle and any mode. By adjusting the measurement radius adjusting shaft 52 connected with the telescopic shaft and the translation shaft, the center correction mechanism is raised or lowered, the measurement radius is adjusted to be the same as the range of the pot-type insulator, the measurement center of the surface charge measuring device is aligned with the center of the pot-type insulator, and then the measurement of insulators of different sizes is realized. In addition, during the operation of the four-dimensional motion mechanism, distance meters are installed on the probe control shaft, the telescopic shaft and the translation shaft, and an encoder is installed on the rotating motor. The movement distances measured by the distance meters and the encoder are compared and corrected with the movement distance of the motion mechanism, and then higher spatial resolution is realized.

[0060] ​The center correction mechanism can measure the distance between the distance meter and the wall surface during one rotation through the distance meter installed at the front end of the telescopic shaft, and then judge whether the center of the whole surface charge measuring device is aligned with the center of the basin-type insulator, and feedback to the control circuit of the center correction mechanism to automatically correct the center of the measuring device.

[0061] The translation shaft is movably connected with the rotary motor, and the telescopic shaft is movably connected with the translation shaft, wherein the mechanical part is installed through an insert, bolt connection or the like, and the electrical part is connected through an aviation plug, pin or the like, so that the translation shaft and the trolley wire terminal block 41 are easy to replace, and when measuring insulators of different sizes, the translation shaft and the trolley wire terminal block 41 can be replaced to measure basin-type insulators with large size difference.

[0062] The trolley wire terminal block 41 is connected with the fixed base 51 through a bolt or the like, and the transmitted electrical signals include a control signal of the translation shaft, a control signal of the telescopic shaft, a control signal of the probe steering control mechanism 21, a control signal and data transmission of the translation shaft distance meter 63, a control signal and data transmission of the telescopic shaft distance meter 62, a control signal and data transmission of the probe distance meter 61, a control signal and data transmission of the center correction distance meter 65, and a probe measurement signal transmission. The trolley wire terminal block 41 transmits electrical signals to enable the translation shaft to rotate at any angle and in any way.

[0063] The basin-type insulator is adjustable, including center correction, adjustable surface charge measurement radius, replaceable translation rotary disc and trolley wire terminal block 41 to realize surface charge measurement of basin-type insulators with large size difference, and the four-dimensional motion mechanism can realize surface charge measurement of insulators of different shapes such as basin-type, disc-type and conical-type.

[0064] The center correction includes a motion measurement module and a center correction module. The motion measurement module includes a center correction distance meter 65 at the front end of the translation shaft and the telescopic shaft. During the center correction, the translation shaft drives the telescopic shaft to rotate 360 degrees, and the data of the center correction distance meter 65 is read once every 90 degrees of rotation, the eccentricity of the installed surface charge measuring device and the basin-type insulator is calculated and obtained, and the data is transmitted to the center correction module, and the surface charge measuring device and the basin-type insulator are kept consistent by raising or lowering the center correction mechanism. After correction, the data is verified by measuring again.

[0065] The four-dimensional motion mechanism calibration module comprises a measurement module and a calibration module, wherein the measurement module comprises range finders and encoders installed on a probe control shaft, a telescopic shaft, a translation shaft and a rotating motor.

[0066] The adaptive surface charge measurement system of the pot-type insulator can be directly installed in a GIL sleeve to measure the pot-type insulator on site, and through methods such as adjusting the center, changing the radius, or replacing the translation shaft and the slide wire terminal block 41, measurement of insulators of different sizes and different appearances on site can be realized.

[0067] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An adjustable, self-adapting four-dimensional shed insulator surface charge measuring device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a four-dimensional motion module, a motion calibration module, a control system and a static probe, and relates to the technical field of static probe. The four-dimensional motion module comprises a rotating mechanism (34) provided with a translation shaft (23) capable of rotating under the driving of the rotating mechanism (34); the translation shaft (23) is connected with an extension shaft (22), one end of the extension shaft (22) is vertically installed on a translation shaft sliding module (53) of the translation shaft (23) through a measuring radius adjusting shaft (52) and is capable of sliding along the axial direction of the translation shaft (23); the other end of the extension shaft (22) is a free end, and the free end of the extension shaft (22) is provided with a probe turning control mechanism (21) for controlling the action of a static probe (1). The motion calibration module comprises a center calibration mechanism and a four-dimensional motion calibration mechanism; the center calibration mechanism is connected with the rotating mechanism (34) and is used for calibrating the center; the four-dimensional motion calibration mechanism is connected with the rotating mechanism (34), the translation shaft (23), the extension shaft (22) and the probe turning control mechanism (21) and is used for collecting the signals of the rotating mechanism (34), the translation shaft (23), the extension shaft (22) and the static probe (1), comparing the collected signals with the electric signals sent by a control system (71) and correcting the position when the position is not correct. The center calibration mechanism comprises a center correction range finder (65) installed near the free end of the extension shaft (22) and a center calibration mechanism translation shaft (24), the center calibration mechanism translation shaft (24) is provided with a center calibration mechanism sliding block (54) and a center calibration mechanism driving motor (35) for driving the center calibration mechanism sliding block (54) to move along the center calibration mechanism translation shaft (24); the rotating mechanism (34) is installed on one side of the center calibration mechanism sliding block (54), and the other side of the center calibration mechanism sliding block (54) is provided with a rotating shaft encoder (64). The control system (71) is installed on a fixed base (51), and the fixed base (51) is connected with the bottom end of the center calibration mechanism translation shaft (24) perpendicularly.

2. The adjustable adaptive four-dimensional shed insulator surface charge measurement device of claim 1, wherein, The probe turning control mechanism (21) is connected with a probe turning driving motor (31) for driving the static probe (1) to rotate.

3. The adjustable, adaptive four-dimensional shed-wall insulator surface charge measurement device of claim 1, wherein, The extension shaft (22) is connected with an extension shaft driving motor (32).

4. The adjustable, adaptive four-dimensional shed-wall insulator surface charge measurement device of claim 1, wherein, The translation shaft (23) is provided with a translation shaft sliding module (53), and the translation shaft sliding module (53) is provided with a translation shaft driving motor (33) for driving the translation shaft sliding module (53) to move.

5. The adjustable, adaptive four-dimensional shed-wall insulator surface charge measurement device of claim 1, wherein, The rotating mechanism (34) comprises a rotating table and a rotating driving motor arranged in the rotating table, and the rotating table and the rotating driving motor are connected with the center calibration mechanism.

6. The adjustable, adaptive four-dimensional shed-wall insulator surface charge measurement device of claim 1, wherein, The four-dimensional motion calibration mechanism comprises a probe range finder (61) arranged on the static probe (1), an extension shaft range finder (62) installed on the extension shaft (22) and a translation shaft range finder (63) installed on the translation shaft sliding module (53).

7. The adjustable, adaptive four-dimensional shed-wall insulator surface charge measurement device of claim 1, wherein, One end of the translation axis (23) is provided with a slide wire terminal board (42) which is in sliding contact with a slide wire terminal disc (41) for communication of each range finder with the control system (71).

8. A method for measuring surface charge of an adjustable adaptive four- dimensional bushing insulator using the device of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: determining the control program of the four-dimensional motion mechanism according to the surface topography or curve function of the pot-type insulator; Step 2: adjusting the measurement range of the self-adaptive pot-type insulator surface charge measurement system to be consistent with the radius of the pot-type insulator by adjusting the measurement radius adjusting shaft (52) or replacing the active connection translation axis (23) and the slide wire terminal disc (41) according to the size of the pot-type insulator to be measured; Step 3: fixing the surface charge measurement device in the GIL cavity connected with the pot-type insulator to be measured, and adjusting the installation positions of the left and right ends to ensure that the device is on the central axis of the pot-type insulator; Step 4: correcting the center of the surface charge measurement device, rotating the telescopic shaft (22) by 360 degrees, and correcting the center according to the test data of the range finder (65) to perform center checking; Step 5: shrinking the telescopic shaft (22) to the minimum value, and pressurizing the pot-type insulator; Step 6: after the pressurization is completed, controlling the four-dimensional motion mechanism to start scanning the surface potential of the pot-type insulator; Step 7: after the scanning is completed, calculating the surface charge distribution of the pot-type insulator according to the three-dimensional surface charge distribution characteristics through an inversion algorithm.

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