A method, system and electronic device for monitoring the amount of soil erosion preservation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation, and particularly relates to a soil wind erosion conservation amount monitoring method, system and electronic device, the method comprising: calculating actual wind erosion modulus of a preset area according to a ground roughness factor, a vegetation coverage factor, a meteorological factor, a soil erodibility factor and a soil crust factor of the preset area, calculating maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area according to a preset maximum vegetation coverage factor, and the ground roughness factor, the meteorological factor, the soil erodibility factor and the soil crust factor of the preset area; and further obtaining soil water erosion conservation amount of the preset area. On the one hand, the method is applicable to small-scale and occasional soil wind erosion conservation amount, and on the other hand, the method can meet the monitoring of soil wind erosion conservation amount of a large area by using a UAV, especially can conveniently and quickly monitor soil and water loss events in remote areas, avoid manual monitoring, and is high in efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation, and particularly relates to a soil wind erosion retention amount monitoring method, system and electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Soil wind erosion is a dynamic process of separation, transport and deposition of surface soil under the action of wind erosion and sand flow abrasion. Soil wind erosion is a global environmental problem. Severe soil wind erosion not only harms the local area, causing a large loss of surface fine particles, soil nutrients and organic matter, and a decrease in land productivity, which affects the normal growth of crops; soil wind erosion also causes large-scale sandstorm disasters and air pollution, which affects human health and causes damage to transportation, communication and water conservancy facilities.

[0003] Current methods for calculating soil wind erosion retention amount include wind erosion equation, Bocharov model, Texas erosion analysis model, wind erosion evaluation model and modified wind erosion equation. However, these methods are static, based on annual and regional scales, and lack applicability to small-scale and occasional soil wind erosion processes. Moreover, artificial monitoring is time-consuming and inefficient, and cannot meet the needs of large-area soil wind erosion retention amount monitoring. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a soil wind erosion retention amount monitoring method, system and electronic device to solve the technical problems of the prior art.

[0005] The technical scheme of the soil wind erosion retention amount monitoring method of the present application is as follows:

[0006] Collecting multiple local images of a preset area by using a UAV;

[0007] Generating a DOM and a DEM of the preset area according to all the local images, calculating a vegetation coverage factor of the preset area according to the DOM of the preset area, and calculating a surface roughness factor of the preset area according to the DEM of the preset area;

[0008] Calculating a meteorological factor, a soil erodibility factor and a soil crust factor of the preset area;

[0009] According to the surface roughness factor, the vegetation coverage factor, the meteorological factor, the soil erodibility factor and the soil crust factor of the preset area, calculating an actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area, and according to a preset maximum vegetation coverage factor, the surface roughness factor, the meteorological factor, the soil erodibility factor and the soil crust factor of the preset area, calculating a maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area;

[0010] According to the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area and the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area, the soil wind erosion retention amount of the preset area is obtained.

[0011] The monitoring method of the soil wind erosion retention amount has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] On the one hand, the method is applicable to small-scale and occasional soil wind erosion retention amounts, and on the other hand, the method can meet the monitoring of soil wind erosion retention amounts of large areas, especially remote soil erosion events, and can avoid manual monitoring and has high efficiency.

[0013] The monitoring system of the soil wind erosion retention amount has the following technical scheme:

[0014] The monitoring system comprises a collection module, a generation calculation module, a first calculation module, a second calculation module and a third calculation module.

[0015] The collection module is configured to collect multiple local images of a preset area by using a UAV.

[0016] The generation calculation module is configured to generate a DOM and a DEM of the preset area according to all the local images, calculate a vegetation coverage factor of the preset area according to the DOM of the preset area, and calculate a surface roughness factor of the preset area according to the DEM of the preset area.

[0017] The first calculation module is configured to calculate a meteorological factor, a soil erodibility factor and a soil crust factor of the preset area.

[0018] The second calculation module is configured to calculate an actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area according to the surface roughness factor, the vegetation coverage factor, the meteorological factor, the soil erodibility factor and the soil crust factor of the preset area, and calculate a maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area according to a preset maximum vegetation coverage factor and the surface roughness factor, the meteorological factor, the soil erodibility factor and the soil crust factor of the preset area.

[0019] The third calculation module is configured to obtain a soil wind erosion retention amount of the preset area according to the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area and the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area.

[0020] The monitoring system of the soil wind erosion retention amount has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] On the one hand, the method is applicable to small-scale and occasional soil erosion retention, and on the other hand, the method can meet the monitoring of soil erosion retention of a large area by using a UAV, and especially can conveniently and quickly monitor soil erosion events in remote areas, thereby avoiding manual monitoring and improving efficiency.

[0022] The technical scheme of the electronic device of the present application is as follows:

[0023] The method comprises a memory, a processor and a program stored in the memory and running on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the method for monitoring soil erosion retention according to any one of the above embodiments when the program is executed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The flowchart of the method for monitoring soil erosion retention according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0025] Figure 2 The spatial distribution diagram of soil erosion retention of a sample plot in the Three-River Source Region is shown in the figure;

[0026] Figure 3 The structural diagram of the monitoring system for soil erosion retention according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] As shown in the figure, the method for monitoring soil erosion retention according to an embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps: Figure 1

[0028] S1, collecting a plurality of local images of a preset area by a UAV;

[0029] The preset area is an area that needs to be monitored for soil erosion retention, and can be set according to actual conditions.

[0030] S2, generating a DOM and a DEM of the preset area according to all the local images, calculating a vegetation coverage factor of the preset area according to the DOM of the preset area, and calculating a surface roughness factor of the preset area according to the DEM of the preset area;

[0031] Since the overall image of the preset area is directly shot, the resolution of the overall image is generally low, and therefore the overall image of the preset area with high resolution, i.e., the DEM of the preset area, can be generated by splicing the plurality of local images;

[0032] The DOM of the preset area is a digital elevation model for representing the topography and geomorphology of the preset area.

[0033] The specific method for generating the DOM and the DEM of the preset area is as follows:

[0034] ​1) The first way: the multiple local images of the preset area collected by the unmanned aerial vehicle are introduced into the DPgrid image processing platform, and the DOM and DEM of the preset area with high spatial resolution are generated after aerial triangulation and DEM editing;

[0035] 2) The second way: the overexposed and / or dark local images are selected and processed by dodging and color correction, and the dodging and color correction processed local images and other remaining local images with normal exposure and / or normal brightness are introduced into the DPgrid image processing platform, and the DOM and DEM of the preset area with high spatial resolution are generated after aerial triangulation and DEM editing;

[0036] S3, calculate the meteorological factor, soil erodibility factor and soil crust factor of the preset area;

[0037] S4, according to the ground roughness factor, vegetation coverage factor, meteorological factor, soil erodibility factor and soil crust factor of the preset area, the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area is calculated, and according to the preset maximum vegetation coverage factor and the ground roughness factor, meteorological factor, soil erodibility factor and soil crust factor of the preset area, the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area is calculated;

[0038] S5, according to the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area and the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area, the soil wind erosion retention amount of the preset area is obtained.

[0039] On the one hand, in the prior art, it is not easy to monitor small spatial scale soil and water loss events by using satellites, and the small scale and occasional soil and water loss events can be monitored by using the high spatial resolution advantage of the unmanned aerial vehicle image, so the application also has applicability to small scale and occasional soil wind erosion retention amount, on the other hand, the soil wind erosion retention amount of a larger area can be monitored by using the unmanned aerial vehicle, especially the soil and water loss events in remote areas can be conveniently and quickly monitored, avoiding manual monitoring and being high in efficiency.

[0040] Optionally, in the above technical solution, it further comprises:

[0041] S6, dividing the soil wind erosion intensity level. According to the soil wind erosion modulus, different soil wind erosion intensity levels are divided, which are generally divided into five levels, namely no obvious erosion, light erosion, moderate erosion, strong erosion and severe erosion, and the division standard is related to the soil type. The soil wind erosion level reflects the wind erosion susceptibility of the soil in a certain area, strengthens the soil wind erosion risk assessment of the area, understands the specific range and danger level of soil wind erosion, and provides evaluation basis for wind erosion prevention.

[0042] Optionally, in the above technical solution, in S3, the process of calculating the ground roughness factor of the preset area comprises:

[0043] S30, calculating the ground roughness factor of the preset area by using a first formula , represents the slope of the preset area, wherein, represents the elevation change rate in the north-south direction of the preset area, represents the elevation change rate in the east-west direction of the preset area.

[0044] wherein, the process of calculating and is as follows:

[0045] using a 3*3 moving window, using a third-order inverse distance square weight difference model to solve and on the DEM of the preset area, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0046] ;

[0047] ;

[0048] wherein, is the spatial resolution of the DEM of the preset area, is the elevation of each grid point around the center position of the moving window.

[0049] Optionally, in the above technical solution, in S3, the process of calculating the vegetation coverage factor of the preset area comprises:

[0050] S31, calculating the vegetation coverage factor of the preset area by using a second formula , the second formula is: wherein, represents the VDVI index of the preset area, represents a first preset parameter, represents a second preset parameter, the value of is generally 2.5, the value of is generally 1, and the values of

[0051] and can be set according to actual conditions.

[0052] Optionally, in the above technical solution, in S3, the process of calculating the meteorological factor of the preset area comprises:

[0053] S32, calculating the meteorological factor of the preset area by using a third formula , the third formula is: , wherein, represents the wind speed (m / s) at a height of 2 m on the preset area, represents the critical wind speed (m / s) at a height of 2 m on the preset area, represents the number of days of the wind speed observation test, represents the air density (kg / m 3 ) of the preset area, represents the soil moisture factor (dimensionless) of the preset area, represents the snow cover factor of the preset area, represents the number of times of the wind speed observation test, The value of is generally 500, and can also be set according to actual conditions, represents the gravitational acceleration (m / s 2 ) of the preset area, and the meteorological factor has a unit of kg / m.

[0054] The calculation formula of the air density is: , represents the altitude (km) of the preset area, represents the absolute temperature of the preset area, in units of Kelvin.

[0055] The calculation formula of the soil moisture factor is: , wherein, , is the potential relative evaporation (mm); is the precipitation (mm); I is the irrigation amount (0 is taken); is the number of rainfalls; is the number of days, generally 15 days; is the total solar radiation (cal / cm 2 ); is the average temperature.

[0056] The calculation formula of the snow cover factor is: , is the probability that the snow cover depth is greater than 25.4 mm in the calculation period, wherein the calculation period is set by a person.

[0057] Among them, the wind factor and the soil moisture factor in the climate factor use the wind speed, the precipitation, the temperature, the sunshine duration and the like obtained from the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service Network.

[0058] Optionally, in the above technical solution, in S3, the process of calculating the soil erodibility factor of the preset area includes:

[0059] S33, calculating the soil erodibility factor of the preset area by using a fourth formula , the fourth formula is: , wherein, represents the soil sand content (%) of the preset area, represents the soil silt content (%) of the preset area, represents the clay content (%) of the preset area, represents the soil organic matter content (%) of the preset area, represents the calcium carbonate content (%) of the preset area, and the above data are obtained through soil texture investigation.

[0060] Optionally, in the above technical solution, in S3, the process of calculating the soil crust factor of the preset area includes:

[0061] S34, calculating the soil crust factor of the preset area by using a fifth formula , the fifth formula is .

[0062] Optionally, in the above technical solution, in S4, the process of calculating the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area includes:

[0063] S40, calculating the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area by using a sixth formula , , , , , represents the length of the longest plot in the preset area (unit: m); is the sediment transport flux per unit length (unit: kg / m); is the maximum sediment transport capacity of wind per unit length (unit: kg / m); is the length of the key plot (unit: m), wherein, the key plot is determined from the preset area according to the actual situation.

[0064] Optionally, in the above technical solution, in S4, the process of calculating the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area includes:

[0065] S41, calculating the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area by using a seventh formula , , , , wherein, represents a preset maximum vegetation coverage factor, generally taking a value of 1.

[0066] Optionally, in the above technical solution, in S5, the process of calculating the soil wind erosion retention amount of the preset area comprises:

[0067] S50, calculating the soil wind erosion retention amount of the preset area by using the eighth formula , the eighth formula is: .

[0068] The core idea of the present application is to construct a soil wind erosion retention amount monitoring and evaluation platform based on a UAV low-altitude remote sensing system, to realize real-time production of sub-centimeter level high spatial resolution digital orthophoto map (DOM) and digital elevation model (DEM); to calculate high-precision surface roughness factor and vegetation coverage factor by means of the DOM and DEM products produced by the UAV; to sequentially calculate meteorological factor, soil erodibility factor and soil crust factor by means of other auxiliary data; and to realize small-scale, high-precision and real-time monitoring and evaluation of soil wind erosion by means of the improved soil wind erosion model.

[0069] The present method improves the traditional wind erosion equation and calculates part of the parameters in the wind erosion equation by means of UAV photogrammetry technology. The new method not only can calculate the soil wind erosion retention amount for a small area, but also has the advantages of high precision and fast response speed, and is especially suitable for monitoring soil wind erosion in engineering areas. The present application uses a UAV and the above method to monitor and evaluate the soil wind erosion retention condition, and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0070] 1) The present method introduces high spatial resolution (sub-centimeter level) UAV DOM and DEM data, which can finely depict the topography and low vegetation distribution of the soil wind erosion area;

[0071] 2) The present method improves the traditional soil wind erosion model, so that the present method not only has strong theoretical basis, but also has wider application range.

[0072] 3) The present method uses UAV products to investigate and evaluate soil wind erosion, which not only can monitor small areas, but also has the advantages of high precision and fast response speed, and is especially suitable for monitoring soil wind erosion in dynamic soil engineering.

[0073] A test area in the Sanjiangyuan region is taken as a preset area to illustrate the present application, in particular:

[0074] S100, meteorological factors are calculated by means of acquiring wind speed, precipitation, temperature, sunshine duration and other meteorological data of the Sanjiangyuan test area from the China Meteorological Science Data Sharing Service Network;

[0075] S101, soil erodibility factors are calculated by acquiring soil sand content, soil silt content, soil sand and clay content ratio, soil organic matter content, calcium carbonate content and the like of the Sanjiangyuan test area through soil texture investigation;

[0076] S102, soil crust factors are calculated by acquiring clay content and organic matter content of the Sanjiangyuan test area through soil texture investigation;

[0077] S103, after aerial triangulation and DEM editing are performed on the unmanned aerial vehicle image acquired in the Sanjiangyuan test area, high spatial resolution DOM and DEM of the research area are acquired; the surface roughness factor is calculated using the DEM; and the vegetation coverage factor is calculated using the DOM.

[0078] S104, the soil wind erosion retention amount of the Sanjiangyuan sample plot is calculated using the wind erosion equation by means of the meteorological factors, the soil erodibility factors, the soil crust factors, the surface roughness factor and the vegetation coverage factor calculated above, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0079] In the above embodiments, although the steps are numbered S1, S2 and the like, this is only a specific embodiment given by the present application, and a person skilled in the art can adjust the execution order of S1, S2 and the like according to the actual situation, which is within the protection scope of the present application. It can be understood that in some embodiments, some or all of the above embodiments can be included.

[0080] As shown in Figure 3 , a soil wind erosion retention amount monitoring system 200 of an embodiment of the present application includes an acquisition module 210, a generation calculation module 220, a first calculation module 230, a second calculation module 240 and a third calculation module 250;

[0081] The acquisition module 210 is configured to acquire a plurality of local images of a preset area by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle;

[0082] The generation calculation module 220 is configured to generate DOM and DEM of the preset area according to all the local images, calculate a vegetation coverage factor of the preset area according to the DOM of the preset area, and calculate a surface roughness factor of the preset area according to the DEM of the preset area;

[0083] The first calculation module 230 is configured to calculate meteorological factors, soil erodibility factors and soil crust factors of the preset area;

[0084] The second calculation module 240 is configured to calculate an actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area according to a ground roughness factor, a vegetation coverage factor, a meteorological factor, a soil erodibility factor and a soil crust factor of the preset area, and calculate a maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area according to the preset maximum vegetation coverage factor and the ground roughness factor, the meteorological factor, the soil erodibility factor and the soil crust factor of the preset area.

[0085] The third calculation module 250 is configured to obtain a soil wind erosion retention amount of the preset area according to the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area and the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area.

[0086] On the one hand, the soil wind erosion retention amount is applicable to small-scale and occasional soil wind erosion, and on the other hand, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be used to monitor the soil wind erosion retention amount of a large area, especially to conveniently and quickly monitor soil and water loss events in remote areas, thereby avoiding manual monitoring and improving efficiency.

[0087] Optionally, in the technical solution described above, the process in which the first calculation module 230 calculates the ground roughness factor of the preset area includes:

[0088] The ground roughness factor of the preset area is calculated by using a first formula , and the first formula is: , represents a slope of the preset area, , wherein represents a rate of change of elevation in the north-south direction of the preset area, represents a rate of change of elevation in the east-west direction of the preset area.

[0089] Optionally, in the technical solution described above, the process in which the first calculation module 230 calculates the vegetation coverage factor of the preset area includes:

[0090] The vegetation coverage factor of the preset area is calculated by using a second formula , and the second formula is: , wherein represents a VDVI index of the preset area, represents a first preset parameter, represents a second preset parameter.

[0091] Optionally, in the technical solution described above, the process in which the first calculation module 230 calculates the meteorological factor of the preset area includes:

[0092] The meteorological factor of the preset area is calculated by using a third formula , and the third formula is: , wherein represents a wind speed at a height of 2 m on the preset area, represents the critical wind speed at a height of 2m on the preset area, represents the number of days on which the wind speed observation test is performed, represents the air density of the preset area, represents the soil moisture factor of the preset area, represents the snow cover factor of the preset area, represents the number of times of the wind speed observation test, represents the gravitational acceleration of the preset area.

[0093] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the process in which the first calculation module 230 calculates the soil erodibility factor of the preset area includes:

[0094] The soil erodibility factor of the preset area is calculated by using a fourth formula , the fourth formula being: , wherein, represents the soil sand content of the preset area, represents the soil silt content of the preset area, represents the clay content of the preset area, represents the soil organic matter content of the preset area, represents the calcium carbonate content of the preset area.

[0095] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the process in which the first calculation module 230 calculates the soil crust factor of the preset area includes:

[0096] The soil crust factor of the preset area is calculated by using a fifth formula , the fifth formula being .

[0097] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the process in which the second calculation module 240 calculates the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area includes:

[0098] The actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area is calculated by using a sixth formula , , , , , represents the length of the plot of the preset area;

[0099] The process in which the second calculation module 240 calculates the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area includes:

[0100] The maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area is calculated by using a seventh formula , , , , , wherein, The preset maximum vegetation coverage factor is represented.

[0101] Optionally, in the technical solution, the third calculation module 250 calculates the soil erosion retention amount of the preset area, and the process comprises:

[0102] The eighth formula is used to calculate the soil erosion retention amount of the preset area , and the eighth formula is: .

[0103] The above-mentioned parameters and steps of each unit module in the soil erosion retention amount monitoring system 200 of the present application realize the corresponding functions, which can refer to the parameters and steps in the embodiments of the soil erosion retention amount monitoring method, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] The electronic device of the present application comprises a memory, a processor and a program stored in the memory and running on the processor, and the processor executes the program to realize the steps of the soil erosion retention amount monitoring method of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0105] The electronic device can be a computer, a mobile phone, etc., and the program is a computer software or a mobile phone APP, etc., and the above-mentioned parameters and steps in the electronic device of the present application can refer to the parameters and steps in the embodiments of the soil erosion retention amount monitoring method, and will not be repeated here.

[0106] Those skilled in the art know that the present application can be implemented as a system, a method or a computer program product.

[0107] Therefore, the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a complete hardware, a complete software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software, which is generally referred to as "circuit", "module" or "system" in this paper. In addition, in some embodiments, the present application can also be implemented in the form of a computer program product in one or more computer readable media, which contains computer readable program code.

[0108] Any combination of one or more computer readable medium can be utilized. The computer readable medium can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0109] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are exemplary, and cannot be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring soil wind erosion retention, characterized in that, include: Multiple local images of a preset area are collected using a drone; Generate the DOM and DEM of the preset region based on all local images, calculate the vegetation cover factor of the preset region based on the DOM of the preset region, and calculate the surface roughness factor of the preset region based on the DEM of the preset region; The meteorological factors, soil erodibility factors, and soil crusting factors of the preset area were calculated. Based on the surface roughness factor, vegetation cover factor, meteorological factor, soil erodibility factor, and soil crust factor of the preset area, the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area is calculated. Based on the preset maximum vegetation cover factor, as well as the surface roughness factor, meteorological factor, soil erodibility factor, and soil crust factor of the preset area, the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area is calculated. Based on the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area and the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area, the soil wind erosion retention of the preset area is obtained; The process of calculating the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area includes: The actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area is calculated using the sixth formula. , , , , , This indicates the length of the plot within the preset area; The process of calculating the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area includes: The maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area is calculated using the seventh formula. , , , , ,in, This represents the preset maximum vegetation coverage factor.

2. The method for monitoring soil wind erosion retention according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of calculating the surface roughness factor of the preset area includes: The surface roughness factor of the preset area is calculated using the first formula. The first formula is: , This indicates the slope of the preset area. ,in, This represents the rate of elevation change in the north-south direction of the preset area. This represents the rate of elevation change in the east-west direction of the preset area.

3. The method for monitoring soil wind erosion retention according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of calculating the vegetation cover factor of the preset area includes: The vegetation cover factor of the preset area is calculated using the second formula. The second formula is: ,in, This represents the VDVI index of the preset region. This indicates the first preset parameter. This indicates the second preset parameter.

4. The method for monitoring soil wind erosion retention according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of calculating the meteorological factors of the preset area includes: The meteorological factors of the preset area are calculated using the third formula. The third formula is: ,in, This indicates the wind speed at a height of 2m above the preset area. This indicates the critical wind speed at a height of 2m in the preset area. This indicates the number of days for which wind speed observation experiments were conducted. This indicates the air density of the preset area. This represents the soil moisture factor of the preset area. The snow cover factor represents the preset area. This indicates the number of wind speed observation tests. This represents the gravitational acceleration of the preset region.

5. The method for monitoring soil wind erosion retention according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of calculating the soil erodibility factor of the preset area includes: The soil erodibility factor of the preset area was calculated using the fourth formula. The fourth formula is: ,in, This indicates the soil sand content of the preset area. This indicates the soil silt content of the preset area. This indicates the clay content of the preset area. This indicates the soil organic matter content of the preset area. This indicates the calcium carbonate content of the preset area.

6. The method for monitoring soil wind erosion retention according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of calculating the soil crust factor in the preset area includes: The soil crust factor of the preset area was calculated using the fifth formula. The fifth formula is .

7. A method for monitoring soil wind erosion retention according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of calculating the soil wind erosion retention of the preset area includes: The soil wind erosion retention of the preset area is calculated using the eighth formula. The eighth formula is: .

8. A monitoring system for soil wind erosion retention, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition module, a data generation and calculation module, a first calculation module, a second calculation module, and a third calculation module; The acquisition module is used to: acquire multiple local images of a preset area using a drone; The generation and calculation module is used to: generate the DOM and DEM of the preset region based on all local images, calculate the vegetation coverage factor of the preset region based on the DOM of the preset region, and calculate the surface roughness factor of the preset region based on the DEM of the preset region; The first calculation module is used to: calculate the meteorological factors, soil erodibility factors, and soil crusting factors of the preset area; The second calculation module is used to: calculate the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area based on the surface roughness factor, vegetation coverage factor, meteorological factor, soil erodibility factor and soil crust factor of the preset area; and calculate the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area based on the preset maximum vegetation coverage factor, as well as the surface roughness factor, meteorological factor, soil erodibility factor and soil crust factor of the preset area. The third calculation module is used to: obtain the soil wind erosion retention of the preset area based on the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area and the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area; The process by which the second calculation module calculates the actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area includes: The actual wind erosion modulus of the preset area is calculated using the sixth formula. , , , , , Indicates the length of the plot in the preset area; The process by which the second calculation module calculates the maximum wind erosion modulus for the preset area includes: Calculate the maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area using the seventh formula. , , , , ,in, This represents the preset maximum vegetation coverage factor.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of a method for monitoring soil wind erosion retention as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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