A high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler and its manufacturing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port; the first inductor is electrically connected to the first port; the first inductor is electrically connected to one end of the second inductor; the second inductor is electrically connected to the second port; the third inductor is electrically connected to the third port; the third inductor is electrically connected to one end of the fourth inductor; the fourth inductor is electrically connected to the fourth port; the first capacitor is connected between the first and second inductors; the first capacitor is connected between the third and fourth inductors; the second capacitor is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor, and the second capacitor is grounded; the third capacitor is electrically connected to the first capacitor, and the third capacitor is grounded. The present invention achieves the advantages of high power capacity, wide operating frequency band, and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of directional couplers, and more specifically to a high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The 3dB quadrature directional coupler, also known as a 3dB quadrature bridge, is a device that can distribute and synthesize signal power in proportion. It is widely used in power amplification, mixing, power detection, RF combining and other circuits in communications, radar, and electronic warfare.

[0003] There are two main implementation methods for 3dB orthogonal directional couplers: distributed parameters and lumped parameters. While distributed parameter 3dB orthogonal directional couplers offer high power capacity and are easy to manufacture, they occupy too much circuit area at lower frequencies, especially in the VHF band, making them unsuitable for miniaturized designs of communications, radar, and electronic warfare equipment. 3dB orthogonal directional couplers designed with lumped elements are small in size and lightweight, making them particularly suitable for the VHF and UHF bands. Several methods for implementing lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional couplers are described in some public patent or technical literature libraries, but these methods all have certain limitations or shortcomings. For example, a lumped parameter orthogonal bridge uses coaxial transmission line coupling, resulting in high power capacity but a small bandwidth, supporting only 25% of narrowband use. A magnetic core-type 3dB bridge covers a wide frequency band, but uses magnetic core coupling, resulting in very low power capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned deficiencies and defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler and a manufacturing method thereof, which can simultaneously achieve the requirements of wide operating frequency bandwidth, high power capacity and small size.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0006] A high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler, comprising a first inductor with an inductance value of Lx, a second inductor, a third inductor, and a fourth inductor, a first capacitor with a capacitance value of Ca, and a second capacitor and a third capacitor with a capacitance value of Cb;

[0007] One end of the first inductor serves as a first port;

[0008] The other end of the first inductor is electrically connected to one end of the second inductor;

[0009] The other end of the second inductor serves as a second port;

[0010] One end of the third inductor serves as a third port;

[0011] The other end of the third inductor is electrically connected to one end of the fourth inductor;

[0012] The other end of the fourth inductor serves as a fourth port;

[0013] One end of the first capacitor is connected between the first inductor and the second inductor;

[0014] The other end of the first capacitor is connected between the third inductor and the fourth inductor;

[0015] One end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded;

[0016] One end of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the other end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.

[0017] The coupling coefficient between the first inductor and the second inductor is 1; the coupling coefficient between the third inductor and the fourth inductor is 1; the inductive coupling coefficient between the first inductor and the third inductor is k; and the inductive coupling coefficient between the second inductor and the fourth inductor is k.

[0018] The present invention innovatively arranges the first inductor, the second inductor and the second capacitor into a symmetrical structure with respect to the first capacitor and the third inductor, the fourth inductor and the third capacitor, thereby realizing a 3dB orthogonal directional coupler with large power capacity, wide operating frequency band and low cost.

[0019] Preferably, when a signal is input from the first port, equal-amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the second port and the third port, respectively, wherein the second port is at a 0-degree phase, the third port is at a 90-degree phase, and the fourth port serves as an isolation port with no signal output;

[0020] When a signal is input from the second port, equal amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the first port and the fourth port respectively, where the first port is at a 0 degree phase and the fourth port is at a 90 degree phase. The third port acts as an isolation port and has no signal output.

[0021] When a signal is input from the third port, equal-amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the first port and the fourth port, respectively. The fourth port is at a 0-degree phase, the first port is at a 90-degree phase, and the second port serves as an isolation port with no signal output.

[0022] When a signal is input from the fourth port, equal-amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the second and third ports respectively, wherein the third port has a 0-degree phase and the second port has a 90-degree phase. The first port serves as an isolation port and has no signal output.

[0023] A method for manufacturing an orthogonal directional coupler.

[0024] Two copper enameled wires are twisted together to form a twisted pair, which is then wound into two inductors. The two inductors are fully coupled, meaning the coupling coefficient is 1.

[0025] Two twisted pairs are obtained by winding; the two twisted pairs are wound side by side into an inductor in the form of a spiral twisted pair, so as to achieve an inductive coupling coefficient k between the two twisted pairs;

[0026] Connect one end of the two copper enameled wires in one twisted pair together and connect to one end of the first coupling capacitor; connect one end of the two copper enameled wires in another twisted pair together and connect to the other end of the first coupling capacitor;

[0027] The ends of the copper enameled wires in the two twisted pairs that are not connected to the first capacitor serve as ports of the bridge, forming a total of four ports;

[0028] One end of a second capacitor having a capacitance value of Cb is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded;

[0029] One end of the third capacitor having a capacitance value of Cb is electrically connected to the other end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.

[0030] Preferably, the coupling amount and the inductance are adjusted by adjusting the length of the twisted pair.

[0031] Preferably, the power capacity of the orthogonal directional coupler is mainly determined by the size of the copper enameled wire wound around the spiral twisted pair and the withstand voltage values of the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor.

[0032] Preferably, the diameter of the copper enameled wire is 0.7 mm; the spiral formed by the two twisted pairs has a diameter of 6 mm, 11 turns, and a length of 30 mm.

[0033] An orthogonal directional coupler is used to distribute and synthesize signal power in proportion, and is applied to circuits including but not limited to power amplification, frequency mixing, power detection, and radio frequency combining.

[0034] Preferably, the orthogonal directional coupler is manufactured using the manufacturing method described above.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] 1. The present invention innovatively arranges the first inductor, the second inductor, and the second capacitor into a symmetrical structure with respect to the first capacitor and the third inductor, the fourth inductor, and the third capacitor, thereby realizing a 3dB orthogonal directional coupler with high power capacity, wide operating frequency bandwidth, and low cost.

[0037] 2. The spiral twisted pair coupling method is used to realize the lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler, which has excellent indicators, especially the huge improvement in power capacity while ensuring the wide operating frequency band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram of the orthogonal directional coupler described in the embodiment.

[0039] Figure 2 2 is a structural diagram of the spiral twisted pair cable described in the embodiment.

[0040] Figure 3 1 is an equivalent schematic diagram of the spiral twisted pair described in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler includes a first inductor L1 with an inductance value of Lx, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, and a fourth inductor L4, a first capacitor C1 with a capacitance value of Ca, and a second capacitor C2 and a third capacitor C3 with a capacitance value of Cb;

[0044] One end of the first inductor L1 serves as a first port Term1;

[0045] The other end of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to one end of the second inductor L2;

[0046] The other end of the second inductor L2 serves as the second port Term2;

[0047] One end of the third inductor L3 serves as a third port Term3;

[0048] The other end of the third inductor L3 is electrically connected to one end of the fourth inductor L4;

[0049] The other end of the fourth inductor L4 serves as a fourth port Term4;

[0050] One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2;

[0051] The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected between the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4;

[0052] One end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded;

[0053] One end of the third capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the other end of the first capacitor C1 , and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0054] This embodiment innovatively arranges the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, and the second capacitor C2 into a symmetrical structure with respect to the first capacitor C1 and the third inductor L3, the fourth inductor L4, and the third capacitor C3, thereby realizing a 3dB orthogonal directional coupler with high power capacity, wide operating frequency band, and low cost.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the coupling coefficient between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 is 1; the coupling coefficient between the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 is 1; the inductive coupling coefficient between the first inductor L1 and the third inductor L3 is k; and the inductive coupling coefficient between the second inductor L2 and the fourth inductor L4 is k.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, when a signal is input from the first port Term1, equal-amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the second port Term2 and the third port Term3, respectively, wherein the second port Term2 has a 0-degree phase, the third port Term3 has a 90-degree phase, and the fourth port Term4 serves as an isolation port and has no signal output;

[0057] When a signal is input from the second port Term2, equal amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the first port Term1 and the fourth port Term4 respectively, wherein the first port Term1 is at a 0 degree phase, the fourth port Term4 is at a 90 degree phase, and the third port Term3 acts as an isolation port and has no signal output;

[0058] When a signal is input from the third port Term3, equal-amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the first port Term1 and the fourth port Term4, respectively. The fourth port Term4 has a 0-degree phase, the first port Term1 has a 90-degree phase, and the second port Term2, as an isolation port, has no signal output.

[0059] When a signal is input from the fourth port Term4, equal amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the second port Term2 and the third port Term3 respectively, wherein the third port Term3 is at a 0 degree phase and the second port Term2 is at a 90 degree phase. The first port Term1 serves as an isolation port and has no signal output.

[0060] The 3dB orthogonal directional coupler has a symmetrical structure. The relationship between the ports in different situations is shown in Table 1.

[0061] Input Port 0 degree port 90 degree port Isolated port Case 1 First Port Second port Third port Fourth port Case 2 Third port Fourth port First Port Second port Case 3 Second port First Port Fourth port Third port Case 4 Fourth port Third port Second port First Port

[0062] In a specific embodiment, the coupling degree of the orthogonal directional coupler is 3 dB.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, the capacitance value Ca=80pF, Cb=62pF. In this embodiment, the specific value of the capacitance value can be determined according to the actual operating frequency of the orthogonal directional coupler. This is just an example.

[0064] Based on the high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler described in Example 1, this embodiment further provides a method for manufacturing the orthogonal directional coupler.

[0065] Two copper enameled wires are twisted together using a twisted pair winding method to form a twisted pair of wires, which are then wound into two inductors. Full coupling is achieved between the two inductors, i.e., the coupling coefficient is 1. In this embodiment, the two copper enameled wires form two inductors with an inductance value of Lx.

[0066] Two twisted pairs are obtained by winding; the two twisted pairs are wound side by side into an inductor in the form of a spiral twisted pair, so as to achieve an inductive coupling coefficient k between the two twisted pairs;

[0067] Connect one end of the two copper enameled wires in one twisted pair together and connect to one end of the first coupling capacitor C1; connect one end of the two copper enameled wires in the other twisted pair together and connect to the other end of the first coupling capacitor C1;

[0068] The ends of the copper enameled wires in the two twisted pairs that are not connected to the first capacitor serve as ports of the bridge, forming a total of four ports;

[0069] One end of a second capacitor C2 having a capacitance value of Cb is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded;

[0070] One end of the third capacitor C3 having a capacitance value of Cb is electrically connected to the other end of the first capacitor C1 , and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the values of Lx, k, Ca, and Cb vary with the operating frequency and can be obtained through calculation or software simulation optimization. The difficulty and key to the circuit implementation of the orthogonal directional coupler described in this embodiment lies in achieving the mutual inductance between inductors. It is easy to achieve by winding the coupling on the magnetic core, but due to the limitation of the magnetic saturation of the magnetic material, the power capacity is very low. Figure 2 As shown, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 all use a twisted pair winding method to wind the copper enameled wires of the two inductors used for full coupling together to achieve full coupling between the two inductors.

[0072] In this embodiment, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are wound together to form a first twisted pair, and the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 are wound together to form a second twisted pair. The first and second twisted pairs are wound side by side in a spiral twisted pair to achieve a coupling coefficient k. The first and second twisted pairs are wound side by side to form a spiral. The equivalent circuit diagram is shown in Figure 3.

[0073] In a specific embodiment, the inductors are wound side by side into a spiral, and the coupling amount and the inductance amount are adjusted by adjusting the length of the first twisted pair and the second twisted pair.

[0074] In a specific embodiment, the power capacity of the orthogonal directional coupler is mainly determined by the size of the copper enameled wire wound around the spiral twisted pair and the withstand voltage values of the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the third capacitor C3.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the coupling degree of the orthogonal directional coupler is 3 dB.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, the first twisted pair and the second twisted pair are both formed by winding two copper enameled wires.

[0077] This embodiment provides a specific approach:

[0078] (1) Two copper enameled wires used to fully couple two inductors are twisted together to form a twisted pair, with a coupling coefficient close to 1. Two twisted pairs are required. It is assumed that the first twisted pair consists of copper enameled wire A and copper enameled wire B, and the second twisted pair consists of copper enameled wire C and copper enameled wire D. Each twisted pair has two terminals.

[0079] (2) Wind two twisted pairs side by side to form an inductor to achieve the coupling coefficient k.

[0080] (3) As shown in the schematic diagram, on the printed circuit board, connect one end a1 of the copper enameled wire A and one end a2 of the copper enameled wire B together to one end of the coupling capacitor C1; connect one end c1 of the copper enameled wire C and one end c2 of the copper enameled wire D together to the other end of the coupling capacitor C1; the remaining other end a2 of the copper enameled wire A, the other end b1 of the copper enameled wire B, the other end c2 of the copper enameled wire C, and the other end c1 of the copper enameled wire D are the four different ports of the bridge respectively.

[0081] In this embodiment, the wound copper enameled wire A and copper enameled wire B can be equivalent to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, or can be equivalent to the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4; the wound copper enameled wire C and copper enameled wire D can be equivalent to the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4, or can be equivalent to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2.

[0082] Because this embodiment uses spiral twisted-pair coupling, there is no power limitation due to magnetic saturation during core coupling. Its power capacity is primarily determined by the enameled wire used to wind the spiral twisted-pair. Using a thick copper enameled wire winding design, the power capacity of a 3dB orthogonal directional coupler can reach hundreds of watts. Furthermore, the entire 3dB orthogonal coupler is achieved with only two spiral twisted-pairs wound together and three capacitors, resulting in low circuit loss, a compact size, and superior performance.

[0083] The following is an example of the present invention. In practice, appropriate components can be selected according to application requirements to implement different 3dB orthogonal directional couplers.

[0084] The copper enameled wire used in this embodiment has a diameter of 0.7 mm. The twisted pair formed by the two wires has a diameter of 6 mm, 11 turns, and a length of 30 mm. The capacitance Ca = 80 pF, the capacitance Cb = 62 pF, and the performance of the quadrature directional coupler is as follows:

[0085] 1) Operating frequency range: 30MHz~90MHz;

[0086] 2) Insertion loss: ≤0.2dB;

[0087] 3) Port standing wave ratio: ≤1.2:1;

[0088] 4) Amplitude balance: ≤±0.5dB;

[0089] 5) Phase balance: ≤±1°;

[0090] 6) Isolation: ≥20dB.

[0091] 7)Power capacity: ≥100W.

[0092] In this embodiment, the specific value of the capacitance value can be determined according to the actual operating frequency of the orthogonal directional coupler, the diameter of the copper enameled wire; the diameter, number of turns, and length of the spiral formed by the two twisted pairs can be set accordingly according to the actual working requirements of the orthogonal directional coupler. This is just an example.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] An orthogonal directional coupler, as shown in Example 1, is used to distribute and synthesize signal power in proportion and is applied to circuits including but not limited to power amplification, frequency mixing, power detection, and radio frequency combining.

[0095] The orthogonal directional coupler includes a first inductor L1 with an inductance value of Lx, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, and a fourth inductor L4, a first capacitor C1 with a capacitance value of Ca, and a second capacitor C2 and a third capacitor C3 with a capacitance value of Cb;

[0096] One end of the first inductor L1 serves as a first port Term1;

[0097] The other end of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to one end of the second inductor L2;

[0098] The other end of the second inductor L2 serves as the second port Term2;

[0099] One end of the third inductor L3 serves as a third port Term3;

[0100] The other end of the third inductor L3 is electrically connected to one end of the fourth inductor L4;

[0101] The other end of the fourth inductor L4 serves as a fourth port Term4;

[0102] One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2;

[0103] The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected between the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4;

[0104] One end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded;

[0105] One end of the third capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the other end of the first capacitor C1 , and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0106] The coupling coefficient between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 is 1; the coupling coefficient between the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 is 1; the inductive coupling coefficient between the first inductor L1 and the third inductor L3 is k; and the inductive coupling coefficient between the second inductor L2 and the fourth inductor L4 is k.

[0107] In a specific embodiment, the orthogonal directional coupler is manufactured using the manufacturing method described in Example 2.

[0108] The production method is as follows:

[0109] Two copper enameled wires are twisted together using a twisted pair winding method to form a twisted pair of wires, which are then wound into two inductors. Full coupling is achieved between the two inductors, i.e., the coupling coefficient is 1. In this embodiment, the two copper enameled wires form two inductors with an inductance value of Lx.

[0110] Two twisted pairs are obtained by winding; the two twisted pairs are wound side by side into an inductor in the form of a spiral twisted pair, so as to achieve an inductive coupling coefficient k between the two twisted pairs;

[0111] Connect one end of the two copper enameled wires in one twisted pair together and connect to one end of the first coupling capacitor C1; connect one end of the two copper enameled wires in the other twisted pair together and connect to the other end of the first coupling capacitor C1;

[0112] The ends of the copper enameled wires in the two twisted pairs that are not connected to the first capacitor serve as ports of the bridge, forming a total of four ports;

[0113] One end of a second capacitor C2 having a capacitance value of Cb is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded;

[0114] One end of the third capacitor C3 having a capacitance value of Cb is electrically connected to the other end of the first capacitor C1 , and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0115] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler, characterized by: The device comprises a first inductor (L1), a second inductor (L2), a third inductor (L3), and a fourth inductor (L4) with an inductance value of Lx, a first capacitor (C1) with a capacitance value of Ca, and a second capacitor (C2) and a third capacitor (C3) with a capacitance value of Cb; One end of the first inductor (L1) serves as a first port (Term1); The other end of the first inductor (L1) is electrically connected to one end of the second inductor (L2); The other end of the second inductor (L2) serves as a second port (Term2); One end of the third inductor (L3) serves as a third port (Term3); The other end of the third inductor (L3) is electrically connected to one end of the fourth inductor (L4); The other end of the fourth inductor (L4) serves as a fourth port (Term4); One end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected between the first inductor (L1) and the second inductor (L2); The other end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected between the third inductor (L3) and the fourth inductor (L4); One end of the second capacitor (C2) is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor (C1), and the other end of the second capacitor (C2) is grounded; One end of the third capacitor (C3) is electrically connected to the other end of the first capacitor (C1), and the other end of the third capacitor (C3) is grounded; The coupling coefficient between the first inductor (L1) and the second inductor (L2) is 1; the coupling coefficient between the third inductor (L3) and the fourth inductor (L4) is 1; the inductive coupling coefficient between the first inductor (L1) and the third inductor (L3) is k; and the inductive coupling coefficient between the second inductor (L2) and the fourth inductor (L4) is k.

2. The high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a signal is input from the first port (Term1), equal-amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the second port (Term2) and the third port (Term3), respectively. The second port (Term2) has a 0-degree phase, the third port (Term3) has a 90-degree phase, and the fourth port (Term4) acts as an isolation port with no signal output. When a signal is input from the second port (Term2), equal-amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the first port (Term1) and the fourth port (Term4), respectively. The first port (Term1) has a 0-degree phase, the fourth port (Term4) has a 90-degree phase, and the third port (Term3) acts as an isolation port with no signal output. When a signal is input from the third port (Term3), equal-amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the first port (Term1) and the fourth port (Term4), respectively. The fourth port (Term4) has a 0-degree phase, the first port (Term1) has a 90-degree phase, and the second port (Term2) acts as an isolation port with no signal output. When a signal is input from the fourth port (Term4), equal-amplitude orthogonal signals are output from the second port (Term2) and the third port (Term3), respectively. The third port (Term3) has a 0-degree phase, the second port (Term2) has a 90-degree phase, and the first port (Term1) serves as an isolation port with no signal output.

3. The high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling degree of the orthogonal directional coupler is 3dB.

4. The high-power broadband lumped parameter 3dB orthogonal directional coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Capacitance values Ca = 80pF, Cb = 62pF.

5. A method for manufacturing an orthogonal directional coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Two copper enameled wires are twisted together to form a twisted pair, which is then wound into two inductors. The two inductors are fully coupled, meaning the coupling coefficient is 1. Two twisted pairs are obtained by winding; the two twisted pairs are wound side by side into an inductor in the form of a spiral twisted pair, so as to achieve an inductive coupling coefficient k between the two twisted pairs; One end of two copper enameled wires in one twisted pair is connected together and connected to one end of a first coupling capacitor (C1); one end of two copper enameled wires in another twisted pair is connected together and connected to the other end of the first coupling capacitor (C1); The ends of the copper enameled wires in the two twisted pairs that are not connected to the first capacitor serve as ports of the bridge, forming a total of four ports; One end of a second capacitor (C2) having a capacitance value of Cb is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor (C1), and the other end of the second capacitor (C2) is grounded; One end of a third capacitor (C3) having a capacitance value of Cb is electrically connected to the other end of the first capacitor (C1), and the other end of the third capacitor (C3) is grounded.

6. The method for manufacturing a quadrature directional coupler according to claim 5, wherein: The coupling amount and inductance can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the twisted pair.

7. The method for manufacturing a quadrature directional coupler according to claim 5, wherein: The power capacity of the orthogonal directional coupler is mainly determined by the size of the copper enameled wire wound around the spiral twisted pair and the withstand voltage values of the first capacitor (C1), the second capacitor (C2) and the third capacitor (C3).

8. The method for manufacturing a quadrature directional coupler according to claim 5, wherein: The diameter of the copper enameled wire is 0.7 mm; the spiral formed by the two twisted pairs has a diameter of 6 mm, 11 turns, and a length of 30 mm.

9. An orthogonal directional coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The orthogonal directional coupler is used to distribute and synthesize signal power in proportion, and is applied to several circuits including but not limited to power amplification, frequency mixing, power detection, and radio frequency combining.

10. The orthogonal directional coupler according to claim 9, wherein: The orthogonal directional coupler is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

Images