Automatic anti-overloading and anti-obstacle mechanism for plowing machinery

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ploughing machinery anti-overloading automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism, including longitudinal beam assembly, articulated ball assembly, connecting rod mechanism, swing bar and oil cylinder, longitudinal beam assembly includes the longitudinal beam, articulated plate, connecting rod seat and plow column splint being connected as a whole;Articulated ball assembly includes mounting plate and four articulated balls, four articulated balls are fixed on mounting plate, and matrix distribution is presented;Four articulated balls are respectively embedded in four hemispherical articulated grooves of articulated plate;Connecting rod mechanism includes connecting rod and oil cylinder seat plate, one end of connecting rod is articulated on connecting rod seat, and the other end of connecting rod is connected with one end of oil cylinder seat plate;Swing bar one end is articulated with mounting plate by two-way articulated piece, and swing bar other end is articulated with connecting rod;Oil cylinder is articulated on articulated plate, and oil cylinder telescopic rod is articulated with oil cylinder seat plate extension end.The application makes that ploughing machinery meets stone and other obstacles, can trigger obstacle avoidance mechanism, successfully cross obstacle again can restore to ploughing working condition, avoids missing cultivation, and also improves the stability of ploughing depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of obstacle avoidance technology for plowing machines, and more specifically to an automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention in plowing machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Some farmland in my country is adjacent to river valleys, mountains, grasslands, and deserts, resulting in arable soil containing a large number of hard objects such as stones and tree roots. When a reversible plow operates in soil containing hard objects such as stones and tree roots, the hard objects will generate a greater instantaneous impact load than the soil, causing deformation and breakage of key working components such as the plow body and plowshare, reducing the overall reliability of the machine and shortening the service life of the plow.

[0003] Therefore, providing an automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention in plowing machinery is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention in plowing machinery, which enables the plowing machinery to trigger the obstacle avoidance mechanism when it encounters obstacles such as stones, and to return to the plowing working state after successfully passing the obstacle, thereby avoiding missed plowing and improving the stability of plowing depth.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention in plowing machinery includes:

[0007] The longitudinal beam assembly includes a longitudinal beam, a hinge plate, a connecting rod seat, and a plowstock clamp plate connected as one piece, wherein the hinge plate is located at the first end of the longitudinal beam, and the connecting rod seat is located at the last end of the longitudinal beam; an upper plow body and a lower plow body are respectively installed on the top and bottom of the plowstock clamp plate.

[0008] A hinged ball assembly includes a mounting plate and four hinged balls. The mounting plate is fixed to a frame. All four hinged balls are fixed to the mounting plate and are arranged in a matrix. The four hinged balls are respectively fitted into the four hemispherical hinge slots of the hinge plate.

[0009] A linkage mechanism, comprising a connecting rod and a cylinder seat plate, wherein one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the connecting rod seat, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to one end of the cylinder seat plate;

[0010] A swing arm, one end of which passes through the hinge plate and is hinged to the mounting plate via a two-way hinge, and the other end of which is hinged to the connecting rod;

[0011] A hydraulic cylinder, wherein the cylinder body is hinged to the hinge plate, and the extension rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the extension end of the cylinder seat plate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] When the plow encounters an obstacle and the resistance increases, the longitudinal beam assembly rotates counterclockwise in the vertical plane. At this time, the two upper hinged balls disengage from the hemispherical hinge slot, and only the two lower hinged balls are connected. The swing arm rotates clockwise in the horizontal plane, and the hydraulic cylinder generates compression, which can smoothly overcome the obstacle and return to the plowing working state, thereby avoiding missed plowing and improving the stability of plowing depth.

[0014] Furthermore, the bidirectional hinge has a first hinge hole distributed laterally and a second hinge hole distributed vertically, the mounting plate has a through hole corresponding to the first hinge hole, the bidirectional hinge penetrates the mounting plate, and the first hinge hole and the through hole are connected by a pin; one end of the swing arm is hinged in the second hinge hole.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that it ensures that the pendulum can rotate in both the vertical and horizontal planes, so that during the upward rotation to avoid obstacles, the pendulum can rotate smoothly in the horizontal plane while rotating in the vertical plane.

[0016] Furthermore, the included angle between the centers of the two hinged spheres distributed vertically is 5-20°.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are that it facilitates the obstacle avoidance process and prevents the hinge point between the articulated ball and the hemispherical hinge groove from falling off or deviating.

[0018] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder is replaced by a leaf spring, one end of which is hinged to the hinge plate, and the other end of which is hinged to the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder seat plate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the overload prevention automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism of a plowing machine in normal operating state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 The attached image is... Figure 1 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the obstacle avoidance state of an automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention in plowing machinery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 The attached figure is a working principle diagram (front view) of an automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention in plowing machinery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention in plowing machinery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention (section view along AA);

[0025] Figure 6 The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the bidirectional hinge member provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the connection between the bidirectional hinge member and the mounting plate provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the angular relationship between the two hinged balls distributed vertically according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 The attached figure is an AA cross-sectional view of the normal tillage state of an automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention of plowing machinery in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] like Figure 1-8As shown in the figure, this invention discloses an automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention in plowing machinery, including a longitudinal beam assembly, a hinged ball assembly, a linkage mechanism, a swing arm 12, and a hydraulic cylinder 14. The longitudinal beam assembly includes a longitudinal beam 1, a hinged plate 2, a linkage seat 3, and a plow column clamping plate 4 connected as one unit, wherein the hinged plate 2 is located at the first end of the longitudinal beam 1, and the linkage seat 3 is located at the last end of the longitudinal beam 1; an upper plow body 5 and a lower plow body 6 are respectively installed on the top and bottom of the plow column clamping plate 4; the hinged ball assembly includes a mounting plate 7 and four hinged balls 8, the mounting plate 7 being fixed on the frame 9; all four hinged balls 8 are fixed on the mounting plate 7 and are arranged in a certain order. The components are arranged in a matrix shape; four hinged balls 8 are respectively fitted into the four hemispherical hinge slots of the hinge plate 2 to achieve hinge; the linkage mechanism includes a connecting rod 10 and a cylinder seat plate 11, one end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged to the connecting rod seat 3, and the other end of the connecting rod 10 is connected to one end of the cylinder seat plate 11; one end of the swing rod 12 passes through the hinge plate 2 and is hinged to the mounting plate 7 through the bidirectional hinge member 13, and the other end of the swing rod 12 is hinged to the connecting rod 10; the cylinder body of the cylinder 14 is hinged to the hinge plate 2, and the telescopic rod of the cylinder 14 is hinged to the extension end of the cylinder seat plate 11. Of course, an accumulator can be installed in the hydraulic oil circuit of the cylinder 14. When the plow body 6 encounters an obstacle and the resistance increases, the longitudinal beam assembly rotates counterclockwise in the vertical plane. At this time, the two upper hinged balls 8 disengage from the hemispherical hinge slot, and only the two lower hinged balls 8 are connected. The swing arm 12 rotates clockwise in the horizontal plane, and the oil cylinder 14 generates compression, which can smoothly overcome the obstacle and return to the plowing working state, thereby avoiding missed plowing and improving the stability of plowing depth.

[0032] To ensure that the swing arm 12 can rotate in both the vertical and horizontal planes, and to enable it to rotate smoothly in the horizontal plane while rotating vertically to avoid obstacles, a two-way hinge 13 is provided. The two-way hinge 13 has a first hinge hole 131 distributed horizontally and a second hinge hole 132 distributed vertically. The mounting plate 7 has a through hole 71 corresponding to the first hinge hole 131. The two-way hinge 13 passes through the mounting plate 7, and the first hinge hole 131 and the through hole 71 are connected by a pin 15. One end of the swing arm 12 is hinged in the second hinge hole 132.

[0033] To prevent the hinge point between the hinge ball 8 and the hemispherical hinge groove from falling off or deviating, the included angle α between the centers of the two hinge balls 8 distributed vertically is 5-20°.

[0034] Working principle of the invention:

[0035] Assume that in the normal tillage state, the hinge points of the two lower hinge balls 8 and the hinge plate 2 are A and B, the hinge points of the two upper hinge balls 8 and the hinge plate 2 are A1 and B1, the hinge point of the connecting rod 10 and the connecting rod seat 3 is C, the hinge point of the swing rod 12 and the mounting plate 7 is H, the hinge point of the swing rod 12 and the connecting rod 10 is D, the distance between C and D is h, the hinge point of the oil cylinder seat plate 11 and the connecting rod 10 is E, the hinge point of the oil cylinder seat plate 11 and the telescopic rod is F, and the hinge point of the oil cylinder 14 and the hinge plate 2 is G; in the obstacle avoidance state, the hinge point of the connecting rod 10 and the connecting rod seat 3 is C’, the hinge point of the swing rod 12 and the connecting rod 10 is D’, the distance between C’ and D’ is h1, the hinge point of the oil cylinder seat plate 11 and the connecting rod 10 is E’, and the hinge point of the oil cylinder seat plate 11 and the telescopic rod is F’.

[0036] As Figure 4 shown, when the resistance of the lower plow body 6 increases due to encountering an obstacle, the longitudinal beam 1 rotates counterclockwise, the longitudinal beam assembly rotates counterclockwise around A1 and B1, and the swing rod 12 rotates counterclockwise around H. When the longitudinal beam assembly rotates a certain angle, the position of C reaches C’, the position of D reaches D’. Correspondingly, the distance h between C and D becomes the distance h1 between C’ and D’. Since the rotation radius of the swing rod 12 is larger than that of the longitudinal beam 1, h1 < h; as Figure 5 shown, during this process, the connecting rod 10 and the oil cylinder seat plate 11 rotate clockwise around point C, the position of D reaches D’, the position of E reaches E’, the position of F reaches F’, and the oil cylinder 14 is compressed. Simply put, when performing the obstacle avoidance action, the lower plow body 6 drives the longitudinal beam 1 to rotate counterclockwise → h becomes h1 (shorter) → the connecting rod 10 rotates clockwise around point C → the oil cylinder 14 is compressed and shortened.

[0037] During the recovery process after obstacle avoidance: the lower plow body 6 and the longitudinal beam 1 are released. At this time, the pre-tightening force of the oil cylinder 14 is greater than the resistance received by the lower plow body 6. The longitudinal beam 1 falls back clockwise, h1 becomes h (the distance becomes longer), and the connecting rod 10 rotates counterclockwise, so that the oil cylinder 14 extends to release the pre-tightened pressure during the obstacle avoidance process.

[0038] Embodiment 2:

[0039] As Figure 9As shown in the figure, this invention discloses an automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for overload prevention in plowing machinery, including a longitudinal beam assembly, a hinged ball assembly, a linkage mechanism, a swing arm 12, and a leaf spring 14. The longitudinal beam assembly includes a longitudinal beam 1, a hinged plate 2, a linkage seat 3, and a plow column clamping plate 4 connected as one unit, wherein the hinged plate 2 is located at the first end of the longitudinal beam 1, and the linkage seat 3 is located at the last end of the longitudinal beam 1; an upper plow body 5 and a lower plow body 6 are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the plow column clamping plate 4; the hinged ball assembly includes a mounting plate 7 and four hinged balls 8, the mounting plate 7 being fixed to the frame 9; the four hinged balls 8... All are fixed on the mounting plate 7 and are distributed in a matrix; four hinge balls 8 are respectively fitted into the four hemispherical hinge slots of the hinge plate 2 to achieve hinge; the linkage mechanism includes a connecting rod 10 and a leaf spring seat plate 11, one end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged to the connecting rod seat 3, and the other end of the connecting rod 10 is connected to one end of the leaf spring seat plate 11; one end of the swing rod 12 passes through the hinge plate 2 and is hinged to the mounting plate 7 through the bidirectional hinge member 13, and the other end of the swing rod 12 is hinged to the connecting rod 10; one end of the leaf spring 14 is hinged to the hinge plate 2, and the other end of the leaf spring 14 is hinged to the extension end of the leaf spring seat plate 11. When the plow body 6 encounters an obstacle and the resistance increases, the longitudinal beam assembly rotates counterclockwise in the vertical plane. At this time, the two upper hinged balls 8 disengage from the hemispherical hinge slot, and only the two lower hinged balls 8 are connected. The swing arm 12 rotates clockwise in the horizontal plane, and the leaf spring 14 is compressed, which can smoothly overcome the obstacle and return to the plowing working state, thereby avoiding missed plowing and improving the stability of plowing depth.

[0040] To ensure that the swing arm 12 can rotate in both the vertical and horizontal planes, and to enable it to rotate smoothly in the horizontal plane while rotating vertically to avoid obstacles, a two-way hinge 13 is provided. The two-way hinge 13 has a first hinge hole 131 distributed horizontally and a second hinge hole 132 distributed vertically. The mounting plate 7 has a through hole 71 corresponding to the first hinge hole 131. The two-way hinge 13 passes through the mounting plate 7, and the first hinge hole 131 and the through hole 71 are connected by a pin 15. One end of the swing arm 12 is hinged in the second hinge hole 132.

[0041] To prevent the hinge point between the hinge ball 8 and the hemispherical hinge groove from falling off or deviating, the included angle α between the centers of the two hinge balls 8 distributed vertically is 5-20°.

[0042] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0043] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An anti-overloading automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism for a plowing machine, characterized in that, include: The longitudinal beam assembly includes a longitudinal beam, a hinge plate, a connecting rod seat, and a plowstock clamp plate connected as one piece, wherein the hinge plate is located at the first end of the longitudinal beam, and the connecting rod seat is located at the last end of the longitudinal beam; an upper plow body and a lower plow body are respectively installed on the top and bottom of the plowstock clamp plate. A hinged ball assembly includes a mounting plate and four hinged balls. The mounting plate is fixed to a frame. All four hinged balls are fixed to the mounting plate and are arranged in a matrix. The four hinged balls are respectively fitted into the four hemispherical hinge slots of the hinge plate. A linkage mechanism, comprising a connecting rod and a cylinder seat plate, wherein one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the connecting rod seat, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to one end of the cylinder seat plate; A swing arm, one end of which passes through the hinge plate and is hinged to the mounting plate via a two-way hinge, and the other end of which is hinged to the connecting rod; A hydraulic cylinder, wherein the cylinder body is hinged to the hinge plate, and the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder seat plate; The bidirectional hinge has a first hinge hole distributed laterally and a second hinge hole distributed vertically. The mounting plate has a through hole corresponding to the first hinge hole. The bidirectional hinge passes through the mounting plate. The first hinge hole and the through hole are connected by a pin. One end of the swing arm is hinged in the second hinge hole.

2. The anti-overloading automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism of a ploughing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the centers of the two hinged spheres distributed vertically is 5-20°.

3. The anti-overloading automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism of a ploughing machine according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder is replaced by a leaf spring, one end of which is hinged to the hinge plate, and the other end of which is hinged to the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder seat plate.

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