A friction dry cleaning device and method for light humus soil on stock garbage screen

Abstract

The present invention discloses a friction dry cleaning device and method for light humus on the screen of stock garbage, the device includes a two-stage drum, a feeding and discharging system and a driving system; the inlet of the drum is inclined higher than the outlet, the front section is a mixing section without sieve holes, the rear section is a separation section with sieve holes, and the mixing section and the separation section are connected; the feeding and discharging system includes a light material feeder, a humus feeding pipeline, a humus discharging device and a light material discharging device, the ends of the light material feeder and the humus feeding pipeline are connected to the inlet of the two-stage drum; the humus discharging device is arranged under the two-stage drum to collect and transport the sieved humus; the light material discharging device is connected to the outlet of the two-stage drum. The present invention is a novel friction dry cleaning device and method that can reduce the moisture content of light materials on the screen, reduce the adhesion of pollutants, improve the dry cleaning effect of light materials, and absorb odorous gases at a low cost, and is particularly suitable for the dry cleaning treatment of light materials on the screen of stock garbage with high moisture content and strong odor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of friction dry cleaning, and in particular to a mechanical device and a method for friction dry cleaning light materials on a screen of stock domestic garbage by using humus soil. Background Art

[0002] There are about 8 billion tons of waste in formal and informal landfills in China, which not only occupies a large amount of land but also poses serious environmental risks. Sorting and recycling the waste after mining is an important form of waste management. It can not only eliminate the pollution source of waste and restore the land use value, but also realize the classification and quality of resource utilization.

[0003] Friction dry cleaning technology uses beating rods, paddles, stones, compressed air, etc. as cleaning media. It mainly uses physical force (including mechanical collision, friction, grinding, etc.) to remove dirt from the surface of the screened material, and then obtains clean materials through impurity separation. It is often used to treat light objects on the screen of stock garbage. The light objects on the screen of stock garbage are stained with oil, dust, mud and other inclusions and attached pollutants to varying degrees, accompanied by NH4, H2S, volatile organic gases, etc., emitting foul odors; at the same time, the environmental degradation is slow, and the package is well sealed. Therefore, even after long-term field drying, the moisture content is still high and the pollutants are seriously adhered. Compared with the water cleaning method, the existing friction dry cleaning technology is difficult to separate and clean the pollutants adhered to the surface of plastic films.

[0004] The patent with publication number CN111571862A discloses a dry cleaning device and method for waste plastics in domestic garbage. In the dry cleaning unit of the drum of the invention, the stirring paddle with staggered fixed blades and the drum rotate at a speed of 300 r / min under the action of the motor; at the same time, the stones and metal blocks added in a ratio of 1:1 are used as friction agents to rub and collide with the plastic fragments, so that dust, sludge and other pollutants are separated from the plastic fragments; impurities, plastic fragments and friction agents are discharged through different discharge ports respectively, and the friction agents are put back into the drum for reuse by using the elevator and the grab hopper; the unit saves a lot of water resources and removes various pollutants on the plastic, but because the dry cleaning object is the crushed waste plastic, it needs to be crushed pre-processed, and the process is more complicated; if the original waste plastic is directly processed, it is very easy to be entangled and blocked. In addition, the particle size of the friction agent is large, and it is difficult to fully rub with the waste plastic in all directions. Stones and the like have no hygroscopicity and cannot reduce the moisture content of attached pollutants. The cleaning effect is not good for waste plastics with high moisture content and strong adsorption of pollutants.

[0005] The patent with publication number CN105835262A discloses a dry cleaning system and method for waste plastics, in which a solid medium cleaning device uses cheap sand and gravel to rub off the attachments on the surface of the waste plastics and dry-clean the waste plastics; a sorting device is then connected to separate the sand and gravel from the cleaned plastics. The abrasive used in this invention has a small particle size and high hardness, which can fully rub to remove the attached pollutants on the plastics, providing favorable conditions for the recycling and reuse of plastics. However, the sorted sand and gravel are mixed with the detached soil impurities, and the particle size and density of the two are similar, making it difficult to separate them by conventional methods such as screening and flotation. Therefore, the abrasive cannot be reused, and the equipment operation cost is greatly increased.

[0006] In addition, none of the above-mentioned friction dry cleaning equipment has taken measures to reduce the foul smell and odor gases. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned friction dry cleaning patents, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for friction dry cleaning of lightweight objects on the screen of existing domestic waste using humus soil. It is a new type of friction dry cleaning equipment and method that can reduce the moisture content of lightweight objects on the screen, alleviate the adhesion of pollutants, improve the dry cleaning effect of lightweight objects, and absorb malodorous gases at a low cost. It is particularly suitable for the dry cleaning treatment of lightweight objects on the screen of existing garbage with high moisture content and strong odor (mainly waste plastics).

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A friction dry cleaning device for light material humus on a stock garbage screen comprises a two-stage drum, a feeding and discharging system and a driving system; the inlet of the two-stage drum is arranged to be higher than the outlet and tilted, the front section is a mixing section without sieve holes, the rear section is a separation section with sieve holes, and the mixing section and the separation section are connected; the feeding and discharging system comprises a light material feeder, a humus feeding pipeline, a humus discharging device and a light material discharging device, and the ends of the light material feeder and the humus feeding pipeline are connected to the inlet of the two-stage drum; the humus discharging device is arranged below the two-stage drum to collect and transport the screened humus; the light material discharging device is connected to the outlet of the two-stage drum; the driving system comprises a motor and a reducer, a power roller and a transmission roller, and the motor controls the rotation of the power roller to realize the stable rotation of the shaftless two-stage drum.

[0010] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the two-stage drum is set to 3-15°, the total length is set to 5-10 m, the inner diameter is set to 1-3 m, the length ratio of the mixing section to the separation section is set to 1:1-1:3; the mixing section and the separation section are integrated.

[0011] Furthermore, the sieve holes of the separation section are distributed in a plum blossom shape, the aperture of the sieve holes is set to 20-40 mm, the hole center distance is set to 40-100 mm, and the shape of the sieve holes can be circular or regular polygonal.

[0012] Furthermore, the humus soil feeding pipeline is in the form of a screw conveyor to achieve quantitative and uniform transportation of the humus soil.

[0013] Furthermore, a material guide trough is provided below the two-stage drum to prevent the screened humus soil from scattering outwards and to concentrate it on the humus soil discharger.

[0014] A method for friction dry cleaning of light humus soil on stock garbage screen, the method comprising:

[0015] After the two-stage drum rotates and the speed stabilizes, the light materials on the screen of the water-containing domestic garbage and the humus soil are transported into the mixing section. The mass ratio of light materials to humus soil is set to 1:2~1:5;

[0016] Through the continuous rotation of the mixing section, the humus soil is evenly dispersed into the light objects and the humus soil acts as a friction agent to continuously collide and rub against the light objects; the dry, small-particle humus soil can easily enter the accumulation gap of the light objects, absorb and transfer the moisture on the surface of the light objects, and adsorb the foul smell gas in the light objects;

[0017] The separation section separates the impurities peeled off from the friction agent and light objects from the clean light objects, and recycles them through different discharge ports for reuse.

[0018] Furthermore, the moisture content of the light material on the screen of the existing domestic waste is 30% to 60%; the moisture content of the humus soil is 8% to 20%, and the particle size is less than 10 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the impurities peeled off from the friction agent and light objects are discharged to the humus soil discharger through the sieve holes on the separation section; and the clean light objects are discharged from the outlet of the separation section and output through the light object discharger.

[0020] Furthermore, the moisture content of the humus soil is reduced to 8% to 20% after being dried in the sun or with hot air, and the humus soil can be reused.

[0021] The core innovation of the present invention is that humus soil is used as the friction dry cleaning material (friction agent), which reduces the moisture content of light materials on the screen and absorbs polluted gases at a low cost; the equipment is divided into a mixing section and a separation section according to the need for adding dry cleaning materials, and the two sections are innovatively integrated into a single device, which has a simple structure, low cost and a better dry cleaning effect on waste plastics with high moisture content.

[0022] Specifically, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] (1) Compared with conventional abrasives such as stones and metal blocks, humus particles have special physical and chemical properties such as hygroscopicity and adsorption. Using humus as an abrasive can not only reduce the water content of lightweight materials, but also absorb volatile organic gases and other foul-smelling gases. At the same time, humus particles are small in size and have a good dry cleaning effect on lightweight materials, which is beneficial to improving the quality of subsequent recycled plastic products and increasing the economic benefits of waste plastic resource utilization.

[0024] (2) After the humus soil and the stripped impurities are screened out, since their physical and chemical properties have not changed significantly, they can be reused as a friction agent, eliminating the tedious process of separating the friction agent and impurities and saving operating costs.

[0025] (3) The mixing section and the separation section of the humus soil friction dry cleaning equipment of the present invention are integrated, the equipment is relatively simple, easy to operate, and saves construction costs. Moreover, the mixing section and the separation section are integrated in the drum. When in use, there is no need to mix them in other equipment in advance and then enter the drum for separation, which can save reaction steps and reaction time.

[0026] (4) By adjusting the length ratio of the mixing section and the separation section, and the mass ratio of the light material to the humus soil, the dry cleaning effect of the light material can be adjusted; generally, the smaller the mass ratio of the light material to the humus soil, the better the dry cleaning effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the humus soil friction dry cleaning equipment of the present invention;

[0028] Among them, 1-mixing section roller, 2-separation section roller, 3-light material feeding belt, 4-humus soil feeding pipeline, 5-humus soil discharging belt, 6-light material discharging belt, 7-motor and reducer, 8-power roller, 9-transmission roller, 10-material guide trough, 11-sieve hole, 12-screw conveyor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification. It should be understood that the described implementation cases are only for explaining some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0030] A humus friction dry cleaning device for light materials on a stock garbage screen comprises a two-stage drum main unit, a feeding and discharging system and a driving system; the inlet of the two-stage drum main unit is inclined higher than the outlet, the entire shaftless drum is integrated into two sections, the front section is a mixing section drum 1, which is a metal drum without sieve holes; the rear section is a separation section drum 2, which is a metal drum with sieve holes (the mixing section drum 1 and the separation section drum 2 are connected, that is, the front end of the entire inclined drum is not opened, but the rear end is opened, and the material is input into the drum from the inlet, and the material needs to be continuously rotated by the drum and the inclination angle of the drum itself to be displaced in the axial direction of the drum, and the rolling of the drum itself plays a role of stirring and mixing, so the material must go through the process from the mixing section drum 1 to the separation section drum 2, and be mixed in the mixing section drum 1). The feeding and discharging system includes a light material feeding belt 3, a humus soil feeding pipeline 4, a humus soil discharging belt 5 and a light material discharging belt 6. The ends of the light material feeding belt 3 and the humus soil feeding pipeline 4 are connected to the drum inlet. The humus soil feeding pipeline 4 realizes quantitative and uniform transportation of humus soil in the form of a screw conveyor 12. The humus soil discharging belt 5 is arranged under the drum to collect and transport the screened humus soil. The light material discharging belt 6 is connected to the drum outlet and is arranged at the lower side of the bottom of the drum outlet to transport the light material after dry cleaning. The driving system includes a motor and a reducer 7, a power roller 8 and a transmission roller 9. The motor controls the rotation of the power roller 8 through a linkage device to realize the stable rotation of the shaftless drum (the shaftless drum is an existing mature technology, mainly in the following ways: relying on the motor to drive the meshing small gear and the large gear of the drum to rotate, or the chain meshes with the gear on the drum, the motor drives the chain to drive, or the drum is placed on two rollers, and the motor drives the roller to drive).

[0031] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the two-stage drum main unit is set at 3~15°, the total length of the drum is set at 5-10 m, the inner diameter is set at 1-3 m, and the length ratio of the mixing section drum 1 and the separation section drum 2 is set at 1:1~1:3 to achieve a better clay-sculpture separation effect.

[0032] The sieve holes of the separation section drum 2 are preferably distributed in a plum blossom shape, with the sieve hole diameter set at 20-40 mm and the hole center distance set at 40-100 mm; the shape of the sieve holes can be circular or regular polygonal, preferably circular.

[0033] The two-stage drum main unit is preferably made of metal materials such as carbon steel anti-corrosion or stainless steel.

[0034] Furthermore, the width of the light material feeding belt 3 is set to 0.6~1.2 m, and the midpoint of the belt is located at the center of the drum inlet section. The center of the humus soil feeding pipe 4 is set at 0.25~0.40 m below the top of the drum, the end of the pipe is just located on the drum inlet section, and the pipe diameter is set to 0.16~0.35 m.

[0035] The width of the light material discharging belt 6 is set to 0.6~2 m, and is arranged 0.2~0.5 m below the bottom end of the drum outlet.

[0036] The humus soil discharging belt 5 is arranged horizontally or flush with the drum, the belt width is set to 0.6~2 m, and it is arranged 0.3~0.8 m below the bottom end of the drum outlet.

[0037] The humus soil friction dry cleaning equipment for light objects on the above-mentioned stock garbage screen is used for friction dry cleaning of light objects, as follows:

[0038] The drive system is turned on, and the shaftless drum starts to rotate until it reaches the set speed (10-20 rpm). After the speed stabilizes, the light material on the screen of the existing domestic garbage with a moisture content of 30%-60% is conveyed by the light material feeding belt 3 into the mixing section drum 1, and the humus with a moisture content of 8%-20% and a particle size of less than 10 mm (preferably less than 5 mm) is conveyed by the screw conveyor 12 at the same time. The mass ratio of light material to humus is set to 1:2-1:5.

[0039] The function of the mixing section drum 1 is to evenly disperse the humus soil particles into the light material through the continuous rotation of the drum, and continuously collide and rub with the light material as a friction agent. The relatively dry and small-sized humus soil can easily enter the accumulation gap of the light material, absorb and transfer the surface moisture of the light material to the soil particles, and simultaneously absorb the malodorous gas in the light material, thereby reducing the moisture content of the light material and removing the volatile malodorous gas.

[0040] The function of the separation section roller 2 is to separate the impurities stripped from the friction agent and light objects from the clean light objects, and to recycle them through different discharge ports. The impurities adhering to the surface of the light objects can be stripped off by the humus particles and the relatively dry light objects. The separation of the light objects from the humus and stripped impurities is achieved by combining the reasonable aperture and densely distributed sieve holes in the separation section. The humus and stripped impurities pass through the guide trough to the humus discharge belt; the clean light objects are discharged from the separation section outlet and output through the light object discharge belt.

[0041] The moisture content of humus and soil impurities drops to 8%~20% after being placed in the field for airing or hot air drying. Repeat the above steps and use them as a friction agent for the second time in the humus friction dry cleaning equipment. Example 1

[0042] A humus soil friction dry cleaning device for lightweight objects on a screen of existing domestic garbage is designed for dry cleaning uncrushed lightweight objects on a screen of existing garbage with a moisture content of 39%. The device is mainly composed of a two-stage drum main unit, a feeding and discharging system and a driving system.

[0043] The inlet of the drum main unit is tilted higher than the outlet. The entire shaftless drum is divided into two sections. The front section is the mixing section drum 1, which is a metal drum without sieve holes; the rear section is the separation section 2, which is a metal drum with sieve holes. The feeding and discharging system includes a light material feeding belt 3, a humus soil feeding pipeline 4, a humus soil discharging belt 5 and a light material discharging belt 6. The ends of the feeding belt 3 and the feeding pipeline 4 are connected to the drum inlet, and the feeding pipeline 4 realizes quantitative and uniform transportation of humus soil in the form of a screw conveyor 12; the humus soil discharging belt 5 is arranged under the drum to collect and transport the screened humus soil; the light material discharging belt 6 is connected to the drum outlet and is arranged on the lower side of the bottom of the drum outlet to transport the light materials that have been dry-cleaned. The driving system includes a motor and a reducer 7, a power roller 8 and a transmission roller 9. The motor and the reducer 7 control the rotation of the power roller 8 through a linkage device to achieve stable rotation of the shaftless drum.

[0044] Furthermore, the two-stage drum main machine has an inclination angle of 6°, a total drum length of 5 m, an inner diameter of 1.0 m, a mixing section length of 2.0 m, and a separation section length of 3.0 m, in order to achieve a better clay-plastic separation effect;

[0045] Furthermore, the separation section sieve holes 11 are preferably distributed in a plum blossom shape, the sieve holes 11 have a hole diameter of 30 mm, the hole center distance is 60 mm, and the sieve holes are circular.

[0046] Furthermore, the roller is preferably made of carbon steel anti-corrosion material;

[0047] Furthermore, the width of the light material feeding belt 3 is set to 0.6 m, and the midpoint of the belt is located at the center of the drum inlet section. The humus soil feeding pipe 4 is set 0.3 m below the top of the drum, and the end of the pipe is just located on the drum inlet section, and the pipe diameter is set to 0.25 m.

[0048] Furthermore, the width of the light material discharging belt 6 is set to 0.6 m and is arranged 0.20 m below the bottom end of the drum outlet.

[0049] Furthermore, a guide trough 10 is provided directly below the two-stage drum to prevent the sieved soil from scattering outwards and to concentrate it in the middle of the humus discharge belt 5. The slope of the guide trough 10 is set at 45°. The humus discharge belt 5 is placed horizontally, the belt width is set to 0.6 m, and is set 0.50 m below the bottom end of the drum outlet.

[0050] A method for dry cleaning light objects using the soil washing equipment is as follows:

[0051] After the rotation speed of the shaftless drum is stabilized at 20 rpm, the screw conveyor 12 is used to convey the light material on the sieve with a moisture content of 39% into the mixing section drum 1, and the light material feeding belt 3 is used to convey humus with a moisture content of 9.8% and a particle size of less than 4 mm. The mass ratio of the light material to the humus is set to 1:1.

[0052] The function of the mixing section drum 1 is to evenly disperse the humus into the light material through the continuous rotation of the drum, and use the humus as a friction agent to continuously collide and rub with the light material. The relatively dry and small-sized humus easily enters the accumulation gap of the light material, absorbs and transfers the surface moisture of the light material to the soil particles, and absorbs the malodorous gas in the light material, thereby reducing the moisture content of the light material and removing the volatile malodorous gas.

[0053] The function of the separation section drum 2 is to separate the impurities stripped from the friction agent and light objects from the clean light objects, and to recycle them through different discharge ports. The impurities adhering to the surface of the light objects can be stripped off by the humus particles and the relatively dry light objects. The separation of the light objects from the humus and stripped impurities is achieved by combining the sieve holes 11 with reasonable apertures and dense distribution of the separation section drum 2. The humus and stripped impurities pass through the guide trough 10 to the humus discharge belt 5; the clean light objects are discharged from the outlet of the separation section drum 2 and output through the light object discharge belt 6.

[0054] After sampling and drying the light material, the moisture content was 26%, and the final impurity removal rate was calculated to be 35%. Example 2

[0055] Using the same equipment, raw materials and operating parameters as in Example 1, the mass ratio of light material to humus soil was 1:3, and the final calculated moisture content of the light material output was 20%, and the impurity removal rate was 76%. Example 3

[0056] Using the same total equipment length, raw materials and operating parameters as in Example 1, the length ratio of the mixing section to the separation section was 3:7, the mass ratio of the light material to the humus was 1:3, and the final calculated moisture content of the light material output was 18%, and the impurity removal rate was 82%.

[0057] The above description does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction dry cleaning device for light humus soil on the stock garbage screen, characterized in that: The humus soil friction dry cleaning equipment comprises a two-stage drum, a feeding and discharging system and a driving system; the inlet of the two-stage drum is arranged to be inclined higher than the outlet, the front section is a mixing section without sieve holes, the rear section is a separation section with sieve holes, the mixing section and the separation section are connected, that is, the mixing section and the separation section are integrated on the two-stage drum; The feeding and discharging system includes a light material feeder, a humus soil feeding pipeline, a humus soil discharging device and a light material discharging device. The ends of the light material feeder and the humus soil feeding pipeline are connected to the inlet of the two-stage drum; the humus soil discharging device is arranged below the two-stage drum to collect and transport the screened humus soil; the light material discharging device is connected to the outlet of the two-stage drum; The driving system includes a motor and a reducer, a power roller and a transmission roller. The motor controls the rotation of the power roller to achieve stable rotation of the shaftless two-stage roller.

2. The device for friction dry cleaning of light humus soil on the stock garbage screen as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The inclination angle of the two-stage drum is set to 3-15°, the total length is set to 5-10 m, the inner diameter is set to 1-3 m, the length ratio of the mixing section to the separation section is set to 1:1-1:3; the mixing section and the separation section are integrated.

3. A friction dry cleaning device for light humus soil on stock garbage screen as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sieve holes of the separation section are distributed in a plum blossom shape, the aperture of the sieve holes is set to 20-40 mm, the hole center distance is set to 40-100 mm, and the shape of the sieve holes is circular or regular polygonal.

4. A friction dry cleaning device for light humus soil on stock garbage screen as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The humus soil feeding pipeline realizes quantitative and uniform transportation of the humus soil in the form of a screw conveyor.

5. A humus soil friction dry cleaning device for light materials on stock garbage screen as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A material guide trough is arranged below the two-stage drum to prevent the screened humus soil from scattering outwards and to concentrate it on the humus soil discharger.

6. A method for friction dry cleaning of light objects on stock garbage screens with humus soil using the equipment for friction dry cleaning of light objects on stock garbage screens as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: After the two-stage drum rotates and the speed stabilizes, the light materials on the screen of the water-containing domestic garbage and the humus soil are transported into the mixing section. The mass ratio of light materials to humus soil is set to 1:2~1:5; Through the continuous rotation of the mixing section, the humus soil is evenly dispersed into the light objects and the humus soil acts as a friction agent to continuously collide and rub against the light objects; the dry, small-particle humus soil can easily enter the accumulation gap of the light objects, absorb and transfer the moisture on the surface of the light objects, and adsorb the foul smell gas in the light objects; The separation section separates the impurities peeled off from the friction agent and light objects from the clean light objects, and recycles them through different discharge ports for reuse.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The moisture content of the light material on the screen of the existing domestic waste is 30% to 60%; the moisture content of the humus soil is 8% to 20%, and the particle size is less than 10 mm.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The impurities peeled off from the friction agent and light objects are discharged to the humus soil discharger through the sieve holes on the separation section; and the clean light objects are discharged from the outlet of the separation section and output through the light object discharger.

9. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The humus soil has a moisture content reduced to 8% to 20% after being dried in the sun or with hot air, and can be reused.

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