A wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a u-shaped beam

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on U-shaped beam's anti-wave rigid frame bridge structure, belong to bridge technical field, it includes by two web and bottom plate constitute U-shaped beam, by the web of U-shaped beam as the anti-wave baffle of bridge structure, further so that the design elevation of bridge can be lower than the flood control elevation of bridge, satisfy the anti-wave design demand of bridge under the condition that bridge elevation is limited.The application based on U-shaped beam's anti-wave rigid frame bridge structure, simple structure, setting is convenient, can satisfy the demand of bridge anti-wave design under the condition that bridge elevation is limited, ensure that flood level is controlled higher than the design elevation of bridge but not more than the top elevation of web, bridge can still be normal operation without interruption, guarantee the reliability of bridge operation;Because the building height of U-shaped beam is small, can effectively reduce bridge control elevation, reduce the engineering scale of both ends connection bridge, reduce the construction and maintenance cost of bridge, with good economic benefit and practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge technology, specifically relating to a wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam. Background Technology

[0002] With the extension of my country's medium- and long-term highway network from inland to islands and the continuous development of near-shore projects, a large number of near-shore bridges are being built. Compared with inland bridges, near-shore bridges are subject to varying degrees of wave erosion due to the complex environmental conditions of the sea areas they are located in.

[0003] Currently, the superstructure of traditional near-shore bridges mainly adopts T-shaped and box-shaped cross sections. In order to avoid the impact of wave erosion on the normal operation of the bridge, it is usually necessary to raise the design elevation of the bridge above the flood level to ensure the normal operation of the bridge under extreme marine environmental conditions.

[0004] However, with the increasing demand for near-shore bridge construction, bridge design and construction often face limitations due to constraints on bridge elevation. This means that the elevation design requirements cannot simultaneously meet the wave protection requirements. In such cases, a delicate balance must be struck between these two considerations. Forcing compliance with the required elevation would raise the bridge deck elevation, significantly increasing construction costs and impacting the design and construction of various engineering structures. Conversely, lowering the elevation would render the bridge unusable in high-wave conditions, disrupting traffic. Therefore, the design and construction of some near-shore bridges present significant challenges, preventing them from fully meeting the demands of practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on U-shaped beams, which can take into account the wave protection requirements of the bridge while reducing the bridge elevation, meet the requirements for the construction and operation of the bridge in near-shore areas, and reduce the design and construction costs of the bridge.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam, which includes a U-shaped beam extending longitudinally;

[0007] The U-shaped beam includes a longitudinally extending base plate and two web plates located on both sides of the base plate and extending upwards; the two web plates extend longitudinally and vertically to above the flood control elevation of the bridge; and

[0008] The bottom of the base plate is supported on both sides by thin-walled piers connected to the bridge foundation, and the base plate and the thin-walled piers are directly connected by a rigid frame.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the height of the web is 1 / 8 to 1 / 18 of the span of the U-shaped beam;

[0010] and / or

[0011] The thickness of the web is 0.6m to 1.5m.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a tie beam is provided at the top of the U-shaped beam;

[0013] The tie beams are spanned between the two webs and are multiple U-shaped beams spaced longitudinally.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the tie beam extends laterally; and / or the interval between two adjacent tie beams is 10m to 12m.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, a decorative buckle plate is provided at the bottom of each of the tie beams or between two adjacent tie beams.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the base plate is a hollow structure or a partially hollow structure, and at least one base plate cavity is formed in the base plate.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, a counterweight is provided in the cavity of the base plate.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom surface of the base plate is set as an arc-shaped surface, and the elevation of the bottom surface increases sequentially from the middle to both sides laterally.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the thickness of the thin-walled pier supporting the continuous U-shaped beam is 1.2m to 1.8m; and

[0020] At the piers of the U-shaped beam, thin-walled piers with longitudinal limbs are used for support, with each limb having a thickness of 0.6m to 1.0m.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the U-shaped beam is a prestressed concrete structure formed in one piece.

[0022] The aforementioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention compared with the prior art include:

[0024] (1) The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on U-shaped beams of the present invention uses a U-shaped beam composed of two webs and a bottom plate. The webs of the U-shaped beams serve as wave-resistant baffles for the bridge structure, thereby allowing the design elevation of the bridge deck to be lower than the flood control elevation of the bridge. This meets the wave-resistant design requirements of the bridge under the condition of limited bridge elevation, and ensures that the bridge can still operate normally without interruption when the controlled flood level is higher than the design elevation of the bridge deck but does not exceed the top elevation of the webs, thus ensuring the reliability of bridge operation. At the same time, due to the small construction height of the U-shaped beams, the elevation of the bridge deck can be effectively reduced, shortening the engineering scale of the connecting bridges at both ends and reducing the construction cost of the bridge. Secondly, through the setting of the webs, they can also serve as bridge crash barriers and sound barriers, avoiding the separate construction of bridge crash barriers and reducing noise pollution caused by vehicle traffic. In addition, by eliminating the support system between the U-shaped beams and the piers and adopting a rigid frame system, the overall durability of the structure is avoided due to the corrosion of the supports.

[0025] (2) The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on U-shaped beam of the present invention effectively improves the torsional stiffness of the U-shaped beam by setting tie beams that connect the two webs at intervals at the top of the U-shaped beam, thereby meeting the torsional requirements of the beam and improving the reliability and safety of bridge structure design and operation.

[0026] (3) The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on U-shaped beam of the present invention can further improve the safety of U-shaped beam and even the entire rigid frame bridge by optimizing the setting form and size parameters of each plate and thin-walled pier of the U-shaped beam, and optimizing the internal and external structural forms of the bottom plate of the U-shaped beam, thereby meeting the requirements of the web plate for vehicle impact protection and wave impact protection, and ensuring that the bottom plate can withstand the vertical slamming effect of waves and the negative pressure effect generated when waves leave the bottom of the bridge.

[0027] (4) The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on U-shaped beam of the present invention adopts a rigid frame system of pier-beam integration, which eliminates the traditional pier top support system. The rigid frame system avoids the reduction of the overall durability of the structure due to support corrosion, improves the service life of the structure, fully meets the application scenarios with limited elevation design, and reduces the design cost, construction and maintenance cost of bridges in near-shore areas.

[0028] (5) The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on U-shaped beam of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to set up. It can meet the requirements of the bridge wave protection design when the bridge elevation is limited. It can ensure that the bridge can still operate normally without interruption when the controlled flood level is higher than the bridge deck design elevation but does not exceed the top elevation of the web plate, thus ensuring the reliability of the bridge operation. At the same time, since the construction height of U-shaped beam is small, the bridge deck control elevation can be effectively reduced, the engineering scale of the connecting bridges at both ends can be reduced, and the construction and maintenance costs of the bridge can also be reduced, which has good economic benefits and practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on U-shaped beams in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the AA section of the wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the BB section of the wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0035] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically:

[0036] 1. U-shaped beam; 101. Web plate; 102. Base plate; 103. Base plate cavity; 104. Tie beam; 105. Decorative panel;

[0037] 2. Thin-walled piers; 3. Bridge foundations. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0043] Example:

[0044] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the figure, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a wave-breaking bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam, which includes a U-shaped beam 1 extending longitudinally, and the two transverse sides of the bottom of the U-shaped beam 1 are respectively connected to the bridge foundation 3 (including the abutment, i.e., pile foundation) rigidly through thin-walled piers 2 to form a rigid frame bridge construction system.

[0045] The wave-proof bridge structure in this application will be specifically described below through two specific embodiments.

[0046] In Example 1, a schematic diagram of the wave-resistant bridge structure is shown below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the image.

[0047] Specifically, the U-shaped beam 1 is a bottom-bearing open thin-walled structure with a cross-sectional shape of "U" or "groove" (hence also called "groove beam"). Its beam body includes a bottom plate 102 and two web plates 101 disposed on the transverse sides of the bottom plate 102. The bottom plate 102 and the web plates 101 extend longitudinally, and are more preferably integrally formed prestressed concrete structures.

[0048] Meanwhile, the two webs 101 extend vertically above the flood control elevation of the bridge, thus forming wave-blocking structures on both sides of the bottom plate 102 that extend above the upper surface of the bottom plate 102. Moreover, due to the arrangement of the two webs 101, baffles capable of withstanding vehicle impacts can also be formed on both sides of the U-beam 1 in the transverse direction, further reducing the need for transverse walls / railings on both sides of the bridge, simplifying the bridge construction process, and reducing the bridge construction cost.

[0049] Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment, the U-shaped beam 1 should be designed to meet the stress requirements under dead load, vehicle load, temperature effects, and foundation displacement. Simultaneously, the dead load of the U-shaped beam 1 must be able to resist hydrostatic buoyancy, and the web 101 must not only meet the stress requirements of the overall main beam section and the structural requirements of prestressing, but also meet the requirements for withstanding vehicle impacts, horizontal wave forces, and other load impacts, as well as the requirements for the impact face of the crash barrier.

[0050] In practical design, the height and thickness of the web 101 are determined based on the longitudinal overall cross-sectional stress and the structural requirements of the prestressed steel strand configuration. Furthermore, in actual installation, the height of the web 101 is preferably not less than the height index of crash barriers for highways and municipal bridges. In a preferred embodiment, the height of the web 101 is preferably 1 / 8 to 1 / 18 of the span of the U-beam 1, and its thickness is preferably 0.6m to 1.5m.

[0051] In practical applications, the bottom plate 102 serves as the bridge deck while participating in the overall cross-sectional stress. It also bears the vertical impact of waves and the negative pressure generated when waves detach from the bottom of the bridge (waves break when they hit the bottom of the beam, and negative pressure is generated at the bottom of the beam when the wave water and bubble mixture detach from the bottom cross-section).

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the structural dimensions of the base plate 102 are determined based on the longitudinal overall cross-sectional stress of the beam and the local load of the vehicle. To reduce the negative pressure on the bottom surface of the base plate 102, it is preferable to set the bottom surface of the base plate 102 as an arc-shaped surface, that is, the elevation of the bottom surface of the base plate 102 increases sequentially from the middle to both sides laterally, such as... Figure 1 As shown in the figure. Furthermore, depending on the stress requirements, the base plate 102 in the preferred embodiment is configured as a hollow structure or a partially hollow structure, forming as shown in the figure. Figure 1 Floor cavity 103 shown in .

[0053] Obviously, to ensure the stability of the beam structure after the bottom slab cavity 103 is installed, the slab structure above the bottom slab cavity 103 should meet the local load-bearing requirements of vehicles on the bridge deck, and the slab structure below the bottom slab cavity 103 should meet the requirements of surge and impact loads below the beam, ensuring the structural stability of the bottom slab 102 during application. Furthermore, for the U-shaped beam 1 with the bottom slab cavity 103 inside, in practical applications, according to the relative magnitude of the dead load and buoyancy of the U-shaped beam 1, corresponding counterweights can be installed inside the bottom slab cavity 103, such as filling with counterweight concrete, to ensure that the U-shaped beam 1 meets the anti-buoyancy requirements at the flood control control elevation.

[0054] In the preferred embodiment 1, the top surface of the bottom plate 102 serves as the roadway slab of the bridge, and its elevation (the bridge deck design elevation) is lower than the top elevation of the web plate 101. This allows the bridge's allowable flood control elevation (tide level + wave height + safety freeboard) to be higher than the bridge deck design elevation during actual use, ensuring that traffic on the bridge deck is not interrupted during floods and ensuring the normal operation of the bridge.

[0055] Compared with traditional T-shaped and box-shaped sections, the construction height of U-shaped beam 1 is greatly reduced. Under the same clearance requirements under the bridge, the design elevation of the bridge deck can also be reduced, thereby significantly shortening the scale of the connecting bridge projects at both ends of the bridge structure and reducing the construction cost of the bridge structure.

[0056] By utilizing the corresponding setting of U-shaped beam 1, the building height is greatly reduced. Under the same bridge clearance requirements, using U-shaped beam 1 can also reduce the road surface design elevation, thereby significantly shortening the scale of the connecting bridge project at both ends.

[0057] Furthermore, in traditional bridge structures, the superstructure main beams and substructure piers are typically connected by bridge bearings to transfer the loads and deformations of the superstructure. However, conventional bridge bearings are mostly constructed from a combination of steel plates and rubber, resulting in a relatively short structural lifespan. Generally, all bridge bearings need to be replaced every 15 years, leading to high maintenance costs and complex maintenance procedures. Moreover, for the bridge in the preferred embodiment, located in a near-shore area, the bearings are usually positioned near the horizontal, subjecting them to repeated contact with seawater during wave action. This accelerates the corrosion of the steel plates and the aging of the rubber, further reducing the durability of the bridge bearings and the entire bridge structure.

[0058] Therefore, in order to improve the durability of the bridge structure, the traditional pier-top support system of the bridge structure is eliminated in the preferred embodiment, and a rigid frame system with pier-beam integration is adopted, so that the bottom of the U-shaped beam 1 is directly integrated with the pier support structure. At the same time, in order to reduce the secondary internal forces of the rigid frame bridge caused by temperature changes and shrinkage creep, the U-shaped beam 1 in the preferred embodiment is rigidly supported by thin-walled piers 2.

[0059] In actual installation, the structural dimensions of the thin-walled pier 2 can be adjusted according to the structural stress, so that the pier structure meets both the stress requirements under wave forces and the needs of structural deformation. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the thin-walled pier 2 supporting the continuous beam is preferably 1.2m to 1.8m, and more preferably 1.5m. In addition, at the junction of the connecting piers (the intersection of two adjacent U-shaped beams 1), it is preferred to use longitudinally segmented thin-walled piers 2 for support. In this case, the thickness of each segment is preferably 0.6m to 1.0m, and more preferably 0.8m.

[0060] More in detail, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the two sides of the U-shaped beam 1 are connected to the bridge foundation 3 through thin-walled piers 2 to form a "portal" support form, thereby forming a U-shaped beam rigid frame bridge structure.

[0061] Furthermore, since the cross-section of U-beam 1 is an open section, the torsional stiffness of the beam is relatively low. Therefore, for wide-span bridges, it is often necessary to increase the torsional stiffness of the beam by increasing the cross-sectional dimensions to meet the torsional requirements in the beam design. To improve the torsional performance of the beam, torsional design was implemented for U-beam 1 in the preferred embodiment.

[0062] Specifically, in Example 2, the structural form of the wave-resistant rigid frame bridge is as follows: Figures 3-5 As shown, the biggest difference between the wave-resistant rigid frame bridge and the scheme in Embodiment 1 is that a tie beam 104 is provided on the top of the U-shaped beam 1.

[0063] More specifically, in the preferred embodiment, the tie beam 104 is disposed on the top of the two webs 101 of the U-shaped beam 1, with its two ends respectively connected to the top of the webs 101, and is further preferably disposed extending laterally.

[0064] Meanwhile, in the preferred embodiment, the tie beams 104 are multiple beams spaced apart longitudinally along the bridge, such as... Figure 3 As shown in the diagram. In actual installation, the tie beams 104 are preferably arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the beam. Of course, depending on the torsional force on different parts of the U-shaped beam 1, the spacing of the tie beams 104 at different positions on the beam can be optimized accordingly. For example, in areas where the beam is subjected to greater torsional force, the spacing of the tie beams 104 is preferably smaller than the spacing of the tie beams 104 in other areas.

[0065] In actual installation, the tie beams 104 are spaced 10m to 12m apart. Preferably, the top of the tie beams 104 does not protrude from the top surface of the web 101, and the tie beams 104 are further preferably integrally formed with the U-shaped beams 1.

[0066] More preferably, decorative buckle plates 105 are provided at the bottom of each tie beam 104 or between two adjacent tie beams 104, such as... Figure 5 As shown, this is to enhance the scenic experience for drivers and passengers traveling on the bridge.

[0067] The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on U-shaped beams in this invention is simple in structure and easy to install. It can meet the requirements of bridge wave protection design even when the bridge elevation is limited. It ensures that the bridge can still operate normally without interruption when the controlled flood level is higher than the bridge deck design elevation but does not exceed the top elevation of the web, thus guaranteeing the reliability of bridge operation. At the same time, due to the small construction height of the U-shaped beams, it can not only effectively reduce the bridge deck control elevation and reduce the engineering scale of the connecting bridges at both ends, but also reduce the construction and maintenance costs of the bridge, thus having good economic benefits and practical value.

[0068] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam, characterized in that, Including U-shaped beams extending longitudinally; The U-shaped beam includes a longitudinally extending base plate and two web plates located on the transverse sides of the base plate and extending upwards. The two webs extend longitudinally and vertically to above the flood control elevation of the bridge, and the flood control elevation is higher than the design elevation of the bridge deck; The bottom of the base plate is supported on both sides by thin-walled piers connected to the bridge foundation, and the base plate and the thin-walled piers are directly connected by a rigid frame; the base plate is a hollow structure or a partially hollow structure, and at least one base plate cavity is formed in the base plate. A tie beam is provided at the top of the U-shaped beam, the tie beam spans between the two webs, and there are multiple tie beams spaced longitudinally between the U-shaped beams; and The bottom surface of the base plate is set as an arc surface, and its bottom surface elevation increases sequentially from the middle to both sides in order to reduce the negative pressure effect on the bottom surface of the base plate.

2. The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the web is 1 / 8 to 1 / 18 of the span of the U-shaped beam; and / or The thickness of the web is 0.6m to 1.5m.

3. The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tie beams extend laterally; and / or the interval between two adjacent tie beams is 10m to 12m.

4. The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam according to claim 3, characterized in that, Decorative buckles are provided at the bottom of each of the tie beams or between two adjacent tie beams.

5. The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, A counterweight is installed in the hollow space of the base plate.

6. The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the thin-walled piers supporting the continuous U-shaped beam is 1.2m to 1.8m; and At the piers of the U-shaped beam, thin-walled piers with longitudinal limbs are used for support, with each limb having a thickness of 0.6m to 1.0m.

7. The wave-resistant rigid frame bridge structure based on a U-shaped beam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The U-shaped beam is a prestressed concrete structure formed in one piece.

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