An automatic roadway support device

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatically supporting tunnel support device, belonging to the technical field of tunnel support devices. The invention includes an installation vehicle mechanism and a support mechanism. The installation vehicle mechanism includes a tracked vehicle, on which a transmission component and an installation component are mounted. The support mechanism includes a vertical pole, a telescopic column movably mounted in the middle of the vertical pole, and a crossbar mounted on the top of the telescopic column. A locking component is provided between the vertical pole and the telescopic column. The installation component includes a drive shaft movably mounted at the end of the tracked vehicle and a connecting rod mounted on the drive shaft. The connecting rod is adapted to a limiting groove. A mounting seat is provided on the connecting rod, and slide rails are provided at both ends of the mounting seat. A slider is movably mounted in the slide rails, and an electric wrench is provided on the slider. This invention is an automatically supporting tunnel support device that can automatically install the support device and has good performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel support device technology, and particularly to a tunnel support device capable of automatic support. Background Technology

[0002] In mines, when the ore body is deep or when open-pit mining reaches a certain depth, underground mining methods are used. This requires drilling various pathways between the surface and the ore body; these tunnels are called roadways. To ensure the safe use of these roadways, roadway support systems are needed.

[0003] In addition, the roadway support work is the main obstacle to achieving automation and unmanned operation in the existing rectangular roadway excavation process. Currently, the conventional method of using anchor bolts for support is difficult to automate. Although some manufacturers' equipment is being tested, the failure rate is high, and it has not yet been widely adopted. We propose a roadway support device that can automatically perform support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an automatically supporting roadway support device that can effectively solve the problems of poor support effect and inability to achieve automatic installation and automatic support in existing roadway support devices in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an automatically supported roadway support device, comprising an installation vehicle mechanism and a support mechanism. The installation vehicle mechanism includes a tracked vehicle, on which a transmission component and an installation component are provided. The transmission component is mainly used for automatically transmitting the support mechanism, and the installation component is mainly used for installing the support mechanism. The transmission component carries multiple support mechanisms at the same time. The tracked vehicle drives the support mechanism to move forward in the roadway. The installation process is from the innermost part of the roadway to the outermost part, until it is installed at the entrance of the roadway.

[0006] The support mechanism includes a vertical pole, a telescopic column movably disposed in the middle of the vertical pole, and a crossbar disposed at the top of the telescopic column. A locking assembly is provided between the vertical pole and the telescopic column. A square through hole is opened in the middle of the vertical pole, and the telescopic column slides up and down within the square through hole. A groove is provided on the side wall of the square through hole, and a protrusion is provided on the side wall of the telescopic column. The protrusion and the groove are mutually adapted. The lower ends of the crossbar are respectively connected to the tops of two telescopic columns. A limiting rod is provided between the two vertical poles, and a limiting groove is opened in the middle of the limiting rod. Teeth are provided on the side wall of the telescopic column. A movable groove is opened in the inner wall of the end of the vertical pole. A threaded through hole is opened in the end of the vertical pole, and the threaded through hole is connected to the movable groove. A toothed block is movably connected inside the movable groove, and the toothed block and the teeth are mutually adapted. A threaded connection is provided inside the threaded through hole. Bolt 8 is connected to the toothed block via a bearing. A reinforcing block is provided between the crossbar and the telescopic column. The telescopic column slides up and down in the square through hole in the middle of the upright to adjust the height of the crossbar. A groove is provided on the side wall of the square through hole, and a protrusion is provided on the side wall of the telescopic column. The protrusion slides up and down in the groove, which limits the sliding of the telescopic column and prevents deviation during the sliding process. The protrusion also strengthens the strength of the telescopic column, greatly enhancing its toughness. When it is necessary to limit the height of the telescopic column and the upright, the bolt 8 is rotated. The bolt 8 drives the toothed block to slide laterally through the bearing. The toothed block and the teeth mesh with each other to fix the height of the telescopic column and the upright. The reinforcing block ensures a more secure connection between the crossbar and the telescopic column, and also facilitates the lifting of the crossbar and the telescopic column.

[0007] The mounting assembly includes a drive shaft movably mounted at the end of the tracked vehicle, a connecting rod mounted on the drive shaft, the connecting rod being adapted to a limiting groove, a mounting base on the connecting rod, slide rails at both ends of the mounting base, a slider movably mounted in the slide rails, an electric wrench mounted on the slider, the electric wrench being adapted to a bolt 8, a first electric telescopic rod and a second electric telescopic rod on the mounting base, the first electric telescopic rod being parallel to the slide rails, a circular through hole at the end of the slide rails, the output end of the first electric telescopic rod passing through the circular through hole and connected to the side wall of the slider, the second electric telescopic rod... The telescopic rod and the mounting base are perpendicular to each other. The electric second telescopic rod is adapted to the reinforcing block. The drive motor drives the drive shaft to rotate 90°, and the drive shaft drives the connecting rod to rotate 90°. The connecting rod is exactly flush with the limiting groove. At this time, the electric second telescopic rod rotates to the lower side of the reinforcing block, and the electric wrench is just located on the side of the bolt 8. The electric second telescopic rod drives the reinforcing block upward, and then drives the crossbar and telescopic column upward, so that the top of the crossbar abuts against the tunnel. At this time, the electric first telescopic rod drives the slider to slide, so that the slider drives the electric wrench to slide laterally. The electric wrench and the bolt 8 mesh with each other, and the electric wrench tightens the bolt 8, completing the limiting of the telescopic column and the upright.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the upright is provided with a support base, and the bottom of the support base is provided with a plurality of conical blocks. The plurality of conical blocks are distributed in an array at equal intervals. The support base and the conical blocks are mainly used to make the connection with the bottom of the roadway more tight.

[0009] Preferably, the tracked vehicle has a first mounting groove at its end, which is located on one side of the drive shaft. A drive motor is installed inside the first mounting groove, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the end of the drive shaft. The drive motor can rotate clockwise and counterclockwise, and is mainly used to drive the drive shaft to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the crossbar has an I-shaped longitudinal section and is equipped with three pressure sensors. The three pressure sensors are distributed in an array at equal intervals. The pressure sensors are mainly used to measure the pressure between the tunnel and the top of the crossbar.

[0011] Preferably, the tracked vehicle has rectangular slots on both sides facing each other, and there are two sets of transmission components. The two sets of transmission components are respectively arranged inside the rectangular slots. The transmission components are mainly used to transmit the support mechanism to the installation components.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission component includes a conveyor belt disposed inside the rectangular groove, and clamping blocks are provided on the conveyor belt. A plurality of clamping blocks are distributed in an array at equal intervals. The clamping blocks are adapted to the uprights. In this embodiment, the conveyor belt is a plate conveyor belt, and each clamping block is installed on a corresponding plate. The clamping blocks have a certain degree of toughness and are able to clamp the uprights.

[0013] Preferably, the slide rail has a sliding through hole, the slider slides laterally within the sliding through hole, and the end of the slider is provided with an anti-disengagement block. The slider is mainly used to drive the electric wrench to slide laterally.

[0014] Preferably, the tracked vehicle is equipped with a control module, which is electrically connected to the drive motor, the electric first telescopic rod, the electric second telescopic rod, the electric wrench, and the pressure sensor. The control module is equipped with a control chip and a microcontroller, which is mainly used to control the drive motor, the electric first telescopic rod, the electric second telescopic rod, and the electric wrench to operate according to a set program. The circuit connection here is common knowledge and will not be described again.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] In this invention, by setting a transmission component and an installation component on a tracked vehicle, multiple support mechanisms are first installed on the tracked vehicle during use. Specifically, the uprights of the support mechanisms are installed in the clamping blocks of the transmission mechanism. Before installation, the installation component is perpendicular to the support mechanism. The tracked vehicle drives several support mechanisms forward in the tunnel, reaching the innermost part of the tunnel, where automatic installation of the support mechanisms begins. During the rotation process, the drive motor first drives the drive shaft to rotate by 10°, which in turn drives the connecting rod to rotate by 10°. The connecting rod is then aligned with the limit groove. At this time, the electric second telescopic rod rotates to the underside of the reinforcing block, and the electric wrench is positioned on the bolt side. The electric second telescopic rod drives the reinforcing block upward, which in turn drives the crossbar and telescopic column upward, so that the top of the crossbar abuts against the tunnel. At this time, the electric first telescopic rod drives the slider to slide. The slider causes the electric wrench to slide laterally, engaging with the bolt. The electric wrench tightens the bolt, and the bolt, through the bearing, drives the toothed block to slide laterally, then engages with the teeth, completing the limiting of the telescopic column and the upright. Finally, the telescopic column and the crossbar support the roadway, realizing the installation of one support mechanism. Then, the electric second telescopic rod retracts, the drive motor drives the drive shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, and then the tracked vehicle moves backward. At the same time, the transmission component transmits one support mechanism forward. The tracked vehicle travels a certain distance, which is the actual interval distance between the two support mechanisms. Then, the above steps are repeated to continuously install support mechanisms. This invention enables automatic installation of support mechanisms, automatic installation of support devices in roadways, and installation of multiple support devices at one time, improving installation efficiency and ensuring roadway safety. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatically supported roadway support device according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point A

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of a roadway support device with automatic support according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point BB;

[0021] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the installation vehicle mechanism and several support mechanisms in an automatically supported roadway support device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the installation vehicle in the automatic roadway support device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support mechanism in an automatically supported roadway support device according to the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Upright pole; 2. Telescopic column; 3. Horizontal bar; 4. Protruding rod; 5. Limiting rod; 6. Tooth; 7. Tooth block; 8. Bolt; 9. Reinforcing block; 10. Tracked vehicle; 11. Drive shaft; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Mounting base; 14. Slide rail; 15. Slider; 16. Electric wrench; 17. Electric first telescopic rod; 18. Electric second telescopic rod; 19. Support base; 20. Conical block; 21. Drive motor; 22. Pressure sensor; 23. Conveyor belt; 24. Clamping block. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention is an automatic roadway support device, including an installation vehicle mechanism and a support mechanism. The installation vehicle mechanism includes a tracked vehicle 10, on which a transmission component and an installation component are provided. The transmission component is mainly used for automatically transmitting the support mechanism, and the installation component is mainly used for installing the support mechanism. The transmission component carries multiple support mechanisms at the same time. The tracked vehicle 10 drives the support mechanism to move forward in the roadway. The installation process is to install from the innermost part of the roadway outwards until it is installed at the entrance of the roadway.

[0027] The support mechanism includes a vertical pole 1, a telescopic column 2 movably installed in the middle of the vertical pole 1, and a horizontal bar 3 installed at the top of the telescopic column 2. A locking assembly is provided between the vertical pole 1 and the telescopic column 2. A square through hole is opened in the middle of the vertical pole 1, and the telescopic column 2 slides up and down in the square through hole. A groove is provided on the side wall of the square through hole, and a protruding rod 4 is provided on the side wall of the telescopic column 2. The protruding rod 4 and the groove are mutually adapted. The lower ends of the horizontal bar 3 are respectively connected to the top of the two telescopic columns 2. A limiting rod 5 is provided between the two vertical poles 1. A limiting groove is opened in the middle of the limiting rod 5. Teeth 6 are provided on the side wall of the telescopic column 2. A movable groove is opened in the inner wall of the end of the vertical pole 1. A threaded through hole is opened in the end of the vertical pole 1. The threaded through hole is connected to the movable groove. A tooth block 7 is movably connected inside the movable groove. The tooth block 7 and the tooth 6 are mutually adapted. A bolt 8 is threadedly connected in the threaded through hole. The end of the bolt 8 is connected to the tooth block 7 through a bearing. A reinforcing block 9 is provided between the horizontal bar 3 and the telescopic column 2.

[0028] In this embodiment: the telescopic column 2 slides up and down in the square through hole in the middle of the upright 1 to adjust the height of the crossbar 3. A groove is provided on the side wall of the square through hole, and a protruding rod 4 is provided on the side wall of the telescopic column 2. The protruding rod 4 slides up and down in the groove. The protruding rod 4 can limit the telescopic column 2 when it slides up and down to prevent deviation during the sliding process. The protruding rod 4 also strengthens the strength of the telescopic column 2, which greatly enhances the toughness of the telescopic column 2. When it is necessary to limit the height of the telescopic column 2 and the upright 1, the bolt 8 is rotated. The bolt 8 drives the toothed block 7 to slide laterally through the bearing. The toothed block 7 and the toothed teeth 6 mesh with each other to fix the height of the telescopic column 2 and the upright 1. The reinforcing block 9 is set to ensure that the connection between the crossbar 3 and the telescopic column 2 is more secure, and at the same time, it is convenient to lift the crossbar 3 and the telescopic column 2.

[0029] The mounting components include a drive shaft 11 movably mounted at the end of the tracked vehicle 10, a connecting rod 12 mounted on the drive shaft 11, the connecting rod 12 being adapted to a limiting groove, a mounting base 13 on the connecting rod 12, slide rails 14 at both ends of the mounting base 13, a slider 15 movably mounted in the slide rails 14, an electric wrench 16 mounted on the slider 15, the electric wrench 16 being adapted to a bolt 8, a first electric telescopic rod 17 and a second electric telescopic rod 18 on the mounting base 13, the first electric telescopic rod 17 being parallel to the slide rails 14, a circular through hole at the end of the slide rails 14, the output end of the first electric telescopic rod 17 passing through the circular through hole and connected to the side wall of the slider 15, and the second electric telescopic rod 18 being connected to the mounting base. 13 are perpendicular to each other. The electric second telescopic rod 18 and the reinforcing block 9 are adapted to each other. The drive motor 21 drives the drive shaft 11 to rotate 90°. The drive shaft 11 drives the connecting rod 12 to rotate 90°. The connecting rod 12 is just level with the limiting groove. At this time, the electric second telescopic rod 18 rotates to the underside of the reinforcing block 9. The electric wrench 16 is just on the side of the bolt 8. The electric second telescopic rod 18 drives the reinforcing block 9 upward, and then drives the crossbar 3 and the telescopic column 2 upward, so that the top of the crossbar 3 abuts against the tunnel. At this time, the electric first telescopic rod 17 drives the slider 15 to slide, so that the slider 15 drives the electric wrench 16 to slide laterally. The electric wrench 16 and the bolt 8 mesh with each other. The electric wrench 16 tightens the bolt 8, completing the limiting of the telescopic column 2 and the upright 1.

[0030] Among them, the bottom of the upright 1 is provided with a support base 19, and the bottom of the support base 19 is provided with several conical blocks 20. The conical blocks 20 are distributed in an array at equal intervals. The support base 19 and the conical blocks 20 are mainly used to connect more closely with the bottom of the roadway.

[0031] The tracked vehicle 10 has a first mounting slot at its end, which is located on one side of the drive shaft 11. A drive motor 21 is installed inside the first mounting slot. The output end of the drive motor 21 is connected to the end of the drive shaft 11. The drive motor 21 can rotate clockwise and counterclockwise. The drive motor 21 is mainly used to drive the drive shaft 11 to rotate. The drive motor 21 is a servo motor.

[0032] The crossbar 3 has an I-shaped longitudinal section and is equipped with three pressure sensors 22. The three pressure sensors 22 are distributed in an array at equal intervals. The pressure sensors 22 are mainly used to measure the pressure between the roadway and the top of the crossbar 3.

[0033] The tracked vehicle 10 has rectangular slots on both sides facing each other. There are two sets of transmission components, which are respectively set inside the rectangular slots. The transmission components are mainly used to transmit the support mechanism to the installation components.

[0034] The transmission component includes a conveyor belt 23 set inside a rectangular groove. The conveyor belt 23 is provided with clamping blocks 24. Several clamping blocks 24 are evenly distributed in an array. The clamping blocks 24 are adapted to the uprights 1. In this embodiment, the conveyor belt 23 is a plate-type conveyor belt 23. Each clamping block 24 is installed on a corresponding plate. The clamping blocks 24 have a certain toughness and can clamp the uprights 1.

[0035] The slide rail 14 has a sliding through hole, the slider 15 slides laterally in the sliding through hole, and the end of the slider 15 is provided with an anti-disengagement block. The slider 15 is mainly used to drive the electric wrench 16 to slide laterally.

[0036] The tracked vehicle 10 is equipped with a control module, which is electrically connected to the drive motor 21, the electric first telescopic rod 17, the electric second telescopic rod 18, the electric wrench 16, and the pressure sensor 22. The control module contains a control chip and a microcontroller, which is mainly used to control the drive motor 21, the electric first telescopic rod 17, the electric second telescopic rod 18, and the electric wrench 16 to operate according to the set program. The circuit connection here is common knowledge and will not be described again.

[0037] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Please refer to... Figure 1-8As shown, this invention is an automatic roadway support device. First, multiple support mechanisms are installed on a tracked vehicle 10. Specifically, the uprights 1 of the support mechanisms are installed in the clamping block 24 of the transmission mechanism. Before installation, the installation components are perpendicular to the support mechanisms. The tracked vehicle 10 drives several support mechanisms forward in the roadway, reaching the innermost part of the roadway, where automatic installation of the support mechanisms begins. During this process, the drive motor 21 first drives the drive shaft 11 to rotate 90°, which in turn drives the connecting rod 12 to rotate 90°. The connecting rod 12 is then aligned with the limiting groove. At this time, the electric second telescopic rod 18 rotates to the underside of the reinforcing block 9, and the electric wrench 16 is positioned on one side of the bolt 8. The electric second telescopic rod 18 drives the reinforcing block 9 upward, which in turn drives the crossbar 3 and the telescopic column 2 upward, causing the crossbar 3 to move upward. The top of rod 3 abuts against the tunnel. At this time, the electric first telescopic rod 17 drives the slider 15 to slide, so that the slider 15 drives the electric wrench 16 to slide laterally. The electric wrench 16 engages with the bolt 8 and tightens the bolt 8. The bolt 8 drives the toothed block 7 to slide laterally through the bearing, and then engages with the toothed block 6 to complete the limiting of the telescopic column 2 and the upright rod 1. Finally, the telescopic column 2 and the crossbar 3 support the tunnel, realizing the installation of a support mechanism. Then the electric second telescopic rod 18 retracts, and the drive motor 21 drives the drive shaft 11 to rotate 90° in the opposite direction. Then the tracked vehicle 10 moves backward, and at the same time the transmission component transmits a support mechanism forward. The tracked vehicle 10 travels a certain distance, which is the actual interval distance between the two support mechanisms. Then the above steps are repeated to continue installing support mechanisms.

Claims

1. A self-ableable roadway support device, characterized by: Including installation car mechanism and support mechanism, the installation car mechanism includes a crawler (10), a transmission assembly is arranged on the crawler (10), and the transmission assembly is mainly used for automatically transmitting the support mechanism, and an installation assembly is arranged on the crawler (10), and the installation assembly is mainly used for installing the support mechanism; The support mechanism includes a vertical rod (1), a telescopic column (2) movably arranged in the middle part of the vertical rod (1), and a cross rod (3) arranged at the top of the telescopic column (2), a locking assembly is arranged between the vertical rod (1) and the telescopic column (2), a square through hole is formed in the middle part of the vertical rod (1), the telescopic column (2) slides up and down in the square through hole, a groove is formed in the side wall of the square through hole, a protruding rod (4) is arranged on the side wall of the telescopic column (2), the protruding rod (4) and the groove are matched with each other, the cross rod (3) is connected with the top of the two telescopic columns (2) at the lower part of the two ends respectively, a limiting rod (5) is arranged between the two vertical rods (1), a limiting groove is formed in the middle part of the limiting rod (5), a tooth (6) is arranged on the side wall of the telescopic column (2), a movable groove is formed in the inner wall of the end part of the vertical rod (1), a threaded through hole is formed in the end part of the vertical rod (1), the threaded through hole is connected with the movable groove, a tooth block (7) is movably connected in the movable groove, the tooth block (7) and the tooth (6) are matched with each other, a bolt 8 (8) is screw-connected in the threaded through hole, the end part of the bolt 8 (8) is connected with the tooth block (7) through a bearing, and a reinforcing block (9) is arranged between the cross rod (3) and the telescopic column (2). The installation assembly includes a driving shaft (11) movably arranged at the end part of the crawler (10), and a connecting rod (12) arranged on the driving shaft (11), the connecting rod (12) and the limiting groove are matched with each other, an installation seat (13) is arranged on the connecting rod (12), slide rails (14) are arranged at the two ends of the installation seat (13), a sliding block (15) is movably arranged in the slide rail (14), an electric wrench (16) is arranged on the sliding block (15), the electric wrench (16) and the bolt 8 (8) are matched with each other, an electric first telescopic rod (17) and an electric second telescopic rod (18) are arranged on the installation seat (13), the electric first telescopic rod (17) is parallel to the slide rail (14), a circular through hole is formed in the end part of the slide rail (14), the output end of the electric first telescopic rod (17) penetrates through the circular through hole, and the output end of the electric first telescopic rod (17) is connected with the side wall of the sliding block (15), the electric second telescopic rod (18) is perpendicular to the installation seat (13), and the electric second telescopic rod (18) is matched with the reinforcing block (9).

2. A self-ablement roadway support device according to claim 1, characterised in that: A supporting seat (19) is arranged at the bottom of the vertical rod (1), a plurality of tapered blocks (20) are arranged at the bottom of the supporting seat (19), and the plurality of tapered blocks (20) are arrayed at equal intervals.

3. A self-able roadway support device according to claim 2, characterised in that: A first installation groove is formed in the end part of the crawler (10), the first installation groove is located on one side of the driving shaft (11), a driving motor (21) is installed in the first installation groove, and the output end of the driving motor (21) is connected with the end part of the driving shaft (11).

4. A self-able roadway support device according to claim 3, characterised in that: The horizontal rod (3) is in an H-shaped structure in longitudinal section, three pressure sensors (22) are arranged on the horizontal rod (3), and the three pressure sensors (22) are distributed in an equidistant array.

5. A self-able roadway support device according to claim 4, characterised in that: Rectangular grooves are oppositely arranged on both sides of the crawler (10), and the transmission assemblies are arranged in two groups and arranged in the rectangular grooves.

6. A self-able roadway support device according to claim 5, characterised in that: The transmission assembly comprises a conveyor belt (23) arranged in the rectangular groove, and clamping blocks (24) are arranged on the conveyor belt (23), a plurality of clamping blocks (24) are arranged in an equidistant array, and the clamping blocks (24) are matched with the vertical rods (1).

7. A self-boarding roadway support device according to claim 6, characterised in that: Sliding through holes are formed in the sliding rails (14), the sliding blocks (15) slide transversely in the sliding through holes, and anti-disengagement blocks are arranged at the ends of the sliding blocks (15).

8. A self-able roadway support device according to claim 7, characterised in that: The crawler (10) is provided with a control module, and the control module is electrically connected with the driving motor (21), the electric first telescopic rod (17), the electric second telescopic rod (18), the electric wrench (16) and the pressure sensor (22).

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