Method and device for generating helix angle of involute spline tooth side fit

Abstract

The application discloses a generating method and a generating device of involute spline tooth side fit spiral angle, and the generating method comprises the following steps: acquiring input spline modulus, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, outer spline acting tooth thickness upper deviation and spline joint length; determining actual tooth groove width and actual tooth thickness according to the spline modulus, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance and the outer spline acting tooth thickness upper deviation; calculating the difference value of the actual tooth groove width and the actual tooth thickness to form a fit gap; acquiring input interference ratio, and determining a spiral angle according to the interference ratio, the fit gap and the spline joint length. The spiral angle obtained by the generating method of the involute spline tooth side fit spiral angle can effectively reduce the spline fit gap, so that the abnormal sound of the end of the driving wheel is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive technology, and specifically to a method and apparatus for generating the helix angle of an involute spline tooth flank engagement. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their advantages such as good neutrality, uniform stress distribution, self-centering, high strength, and long service life, involute spline pairs are widely used in drive shaft connections in power machinery fields such as automobiles, ships, and aviation, especially in the automotive industry. To ensure interchangeability during mass production, internal and external splines on transmission connection elements are typically designed with a small clearance tooth flank fit. In recent years, due to surging market demand, many design concepts and components of gasoline vehicles have been directly copied into the design of electric vehicles, resulting in numerous NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) problems in electric vehicles. Electric vehicles differ from gasoline vehicles in their power transmission systems. Power is transmitted to the drive wheels sequentially through the electric motor, reducer, differential, and half-shaft. At the end of the automotive transmission system, spline pairs are currently widely used to connect the half-shaft and drive wheels. However, because electric vehicle engines operate with high starting torque and low noise, major domestic OEMs have experienced abnormal noise at the drive wheel ends, affecting the overall vehicle quality. Research has found that using external splines with a helix angle in combination with internal splines can effectively solve the problem of abnormal noise at the drive wheel ends in electric vehicles. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit, so as to obtain a helix angle that can effectively reduce the spline fit clearance and eliminate abnormal noise at the end of the drive wheel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit, aiming to provide a method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit, so as to obtain a helix angle that can effectively reduce the spline fit clearance and eliminate abnormal noise at the end of the drive wheel.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Obtain the input spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, external spline action tooth thickness deviation, and spline engagement length;

[0006] The actual tooth space width and actual tooth thickness are determined based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline action tooth thickness.

[0007] Calculate the difference between the actual tooth groove width and the actual tooth thickness to form a mating clearance;

[0008] Obtain the input interference ratio, and determine the helix angle based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline engagement length.

[0009] Optionally, the step of determining the actual tooth space width and actual tooth thickness based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline active tooth thickness includes:

[0010] The minimum actual tooth groove width is determined based on the spline module and the tooth profile tolerance.

[0011] The actual tooth groove width is determined based on the minimum actual tooth groove width and the machining tolerance.

[0012] The minimum actual tooth thickness is determined based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline active tooth thickness.

[0013] The actual tooth thickness is determined based on the minimum actual tooth thickness and the machining tolerance.

[0014] Optionally, the step of determining the minimum actual tooth space width based on the spline module and the tooth profile tolerance includes:

[0015] The minimum actual tooth groove width is obtained by calculating based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, and the first preset formula.

[0016] The first preset formula is:

[0017] Emin=0.5π*m+λ;

[0018] Wherein, Emin is the minimum actual tooth groove width, m is the spline module, and λ is the tooth profile tolerance.

[0019] Optionally, the step of determining the actual tooth groove width based on the minimum actual tooth groove width and the machining tolerance includes:

[0020] Obtain the first input scaling factor;

[0021] The actual tooth groove width is obtained by calculating based on the first proportional coefficient, the minimum actual tooth groove width, the machining tolerance, and the second preset formula.

[0022] The second preset formula is:

[0023] E = Emin + a * T;

[0024] Where E is the actual tooth groove width, Emin is the minimum actual tooth groove width, a is the first proportional coefficient, and T is the machining tolerance.

[0025] Optionally, the step of determining the minimum actual tooth thickness based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline's active tooth thickness includes:

[0026] The minimum actual tooth thickness is obtained by calculating based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, the upper deviation of the external spline tooth thickness, and the third preset formula.

[0027] The third preset formula is:

[0028] Smin=0.5π*m+es-(T+λ);

[0029] Wherein, Smin is the minimum actual tooth thickness, m is the spline module, es is the deviation of the external spline action tooth thickness, T is the machining tolerance, and λ is the tooth profile tolerance.

[0030] Optionally, the step of determining the actual tooth thickness based on the minimum actual tooth thickness and the machining tolerance includes:

[0031] Obtain the second proportional coefficient from the input;

[0032] The actual tooth thickness is obtained by calculating based on the second proportional coefficient, the minimum actual tooth thickness, the machining tolerance, and the fourth preset formula.

[0033] The fourth preset formula is:

[0034] S = Smin + b * T;

[0035] Wherein, S is the actual tooth thickness, Smin is the minimum actual tooth thickness, b is the second proportionality coefficient, and T is the machining tolerance.

[0036] Optionally, the step of determining the helix angle based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline engagement length includes:

[0037] The helix angle is obtained by calculating based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, the spline connection length, and the fifth preset formula.

[0038] The fifth preset formula is:

[0039] β=atan(C / (L-η*L));

[0040] Wherein, β is the helix angle, C is the fit clearance, η is the interference ratio, and L is the spline connection length.

[0041] Optionally, after the step of obtaining the input interference ratio and determining the helix angle based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline engagement length, the method further includes:

[0042] Obtain the input deviation coefficient;

[0043] The corrected helix angle is determined based on the deviation coefficient and the helix angle.

[0044] Optionally, the step of determining the corrected helix angle based on the deviation coefficient and the helix angle includes:

[0045] The corrected helix angle is obtained by calculating based on the deviation coefficient, the helix angle, and the sixth preset formula;

[0046] The sixth preset formula is:

[0047] α=β±ζ*β;

[0048] Wherein, α is the corrected helix angle, β is the helix angle, and ζ is the deviation coefficient.

[0049] The present invention also proposes an apparatus for generating the helical angle of an involute spline tooth side fit. The apparatus includes a memory, a processor, and a helical angle generation program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The helical angle generation program is configured to implement the steps of the method for generating the helical angle of an involute spline tooth side fit as described above.

[0050] The present invention provides a method for generating the helix angle of an involute spline tooth flank. This method involves obtaining the input spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, upper deviation of the external spline's active tooth thickness, and spline engagement length. Based on the spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, and upper deviation of the external spline's active tooth thickness, the actual tooth space width and actual tooth thickness are determined. The difference between the actual tooth space width and the actual tooth thickness is calculated to form the fit clearance. An input interference ratio is obtained, and based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline engagement length, the helix angle is determined. The resulting helix angle effectively reduces the spline fit clearance, thereby eliminating abnormal noise at the drive wheel end. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit provided by the present invention.

[0053] The realization of the objective of this invention, its functional characteristics and excellent effects will be further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indication, the directional indication is only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0056] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0057] Due to their advantages such as good neutrality, uniform stress distribution, self-centering, high strength, and long service life, involute spline pairs are widely used in drive shaft connections in power machinery fields such as automobiles, ships, and aviation, especially in the automotive industry. To ensure interchangeability during mass production, internal and external splines on transmission connection elements are typically designed with a small clearance tooth flank fit. In recent years, due to surging market demand, many design concepts and components of gasoline vehicles have been directly copied into the design of electric vehicles, resulting in numerous NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) problems in electric vehicles. Electric vehicles differ from gasoline vehicles in their power transmission systems. Power is transmitted to the drive wheels sequentially through the electric motor, reducer, differential, and half-shaft. At the end of the automotive transmission system, spline pairs are currently widely used to connect the half-shaft and drive wheels. However, because electric vehicle engines operate with high starting torque and low noise, major domestic OEMs have experienced abnormal noise at the drive wheel ends, affecting the overall vehicle quality. Research has found that using external splines with a helix angle in combination with internal splines can effectively solve the problem of abnormal noise at the drive wheel ends in electric vehicles. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit, so as to obtain a helix angle that can effectively reduce the spline fit clearance and eliminate abnormal noise at the end of the drive wheel.

[0058] In view of this, the present invention proposes a device for generating the helix angle of an involute spline tooth side fit. The device may include: a processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a communication bus, a user interface, a network interface, and a memory. The communication bus is used to enable communication between these components. The user interface may include a display screen and input units such as buttons; optionally, the user interface may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface). The memory may be high-speed random access memory (RAM), such as a disk storage device. Alternatively, the memory may be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor.

[0059] The memory, as a storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a helix angle generation program. The processor calls the helix angle generation program stored in the memory and performs the following operations:

[0060] Obtain the input spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, external spline action tooth thickness deviation, and spline engagement length;

[0061] The actual tooth space width and actual tooth thickness are determined based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline action tooth thickness.

[0062] Calculate the difference between the actual tooth groove width and the actual tooth thickness to form a mating clearance;

[0063] Obtain the input interference ratio, and determine the helix angle based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline engagement length.

[0064] This invention also proposes a method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit, please refer to... Figure 1 The method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side mating includes the following steps:

[0065] Step S10: Obtain the input spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, external spline action tooth thickness deviation, and spline engagement length.

[0066] Spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, upper deviation of the thickness of the external spline acting tooth, and spline engagement length are commonly used parameters for spline pairs. These parameters can be input through the user interface of the involute spline tooth flank mating helix angle generation device after the spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, upper deviation of the thickness of the external spline acting tooth, and spline engagement length have been determined during the spline pair design process.

[0067] Step S20: Determine the actual tooth groove width and actual tooth thickness based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline action tooth thickness.

[0068] Specifically, step S20 includes:

[0069] Step S21: Determine the minimum actual tooth groove width based on the spline module and the tooth profile tolerance.

[0070] More specifically, step S21 can be performed according to the following steps:

[0071] Step S211: Calculate the minimum actual tooth groove width according to the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance and the first preset formula; the first preset formula is: Emin=0.5π*m+λ; where Emin is the minimum actual tooth groove width, m is the spline module and λ is the tooth profile tolerance.

[0072] Step S22: Determine the actual tooth groove width based on the minimum actual tooth groove width and the machining tolerance.

[0073] More specifically, step S22 can be performed according to the following steps:

[0074] Step S221: Obtain the first input scaling factor;

[0075] The first proportional coefficient is selected in the range of 0 to 1, and more preferably in the range of 0.4 to 0.6.

[0076] Step S222: Calculate the actual tooth groove width according to the first proportional coefficient, the minimum actual tooth groove width, the machining tolerance, and the second preset formula; the second preset formula is: E = Emin + a * T; where E is the actual tooth groove width, Emin is the minimum actual tooth groove width, a is the first proportional coefficient, and T is the machining tolerance.

[0077] Step S23: Determine the minimum actual tooth thickness based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the deviation of the external spline action tooth thickness.

[0078] More specifically, step S23 can be performed according to the following steps:

[0079] Step S231: Calculate the minimum actual tooth thickness based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, the upper deviation of the external spline's active tooth thickness, and the third preset formula; the third preset formula is: Smin=0.5π*m+es-(T+λ); where Smin is the minimum actual tooth thickness, m is the spline module, es is the upper deviation of the external spline's active tooth thickness, T is the machining tolerance, and λ is the tooth profile tolerance.

[0080] Step S24: Determine the actual tooth thickness based on the minimum actual tooth thickness and the machining tolerance.

[0081] More specifically, step S24 can be performed according to the following steps:

[0082] Step S241: Obtain the input second proportional coefficient.

[0083] The second proportional coefficient is selected in the range of 0 to 1, and more preferably in the range of 0.4 to 0.6.

[0084] Step S242: Calculate the actual tooth thickness according to the second proportional coefficient, the minimum actual tooth thickness, the machining tolerance, and the fourth preset formula; the fourth preset formula is: S = Smin + b * T; where S is the actual tooth thickness, Smin is the minimum actual tooth thickness, b is the second proportional coefficient, and T is the machining tolerance.

[0085] Step S30: Calculate the difference between the actual tooth groove width and the actual tooth thickness to form a mating clearance.

[0086] When the fit clearance is a spline fit, the clearance generated by the mating of the inner spline and the outer spline tooth sides is C = ES.

[0087] Step S40: Obtain the input interference ratio, and determine the helix angle based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline engagement length.

[0088] The interference ratio is the proportion of the length of the interference fit section to the total length of the spline joint. It can be input through the user interface of the involute spline tooth side fit helix angle generation device after the interference ratio is determined during the spline joint design process.

[0089] More specifically, step S40 can be performed according to the following steps:

[0090] Step S41: Calculate the helix angle based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, the spline connection length, and the fifth preset formula; the fifth preset formula is: β=atan(C / (L-η*L)); where β is the helix angle, C is the fit clearance, η is the interference ratio, and L is the spline connection length.

[0091] Furthermore, after step S40, the following steps are also included:

[0092] Step S50: Obtain the input deviation coefficient.

[0093] The deviation coefficient is the ratio of the bidirectional deviation of the helix angle to the helix angle. It can be input through the user interface of the involute spline tooth side mating helix angle generation device during the spline pair design process.

[0094] Step S60: Determine the corrected helix angle based on the deviation coefficient and the helix angle.

[0095] Specifically, step S60 can be performed according to the following steps:

[0096] Step S61: Calculate the corrected helix angle based on the deviation coefficient, the helix angle, and the sixth preset formula; the sixth preset formula is: α=β±ζ*β; where α is the corrected helix angle, β is the helix angle, and ζ is the deviation coefficient.

[0097] The present invention provides a method for generating the helix angle of an involute spline tooth flank. This method involves obtaining the input spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, upper deviation of the external spline's active tooth thickness, and spline engagement length. Based on the spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, and upper deviation of the external spline's active tooth thickness, the actual tooth space width and actual tooth thickness are determined. The difference between the actual tooth space width and the actual tooth thickness is calculated to form the fit clearance. An input interference ratio is obtained, and based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline engagement length, the helix angle is determined. The resulting helix angle effectively reduces the spline fit clearance, thereby eliminating abnormal noise at the drive wheel end.

[0098] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating the helix angle of an involute spline tooth flank fit, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the input spline module, tooth profile tolerance, machining tolerance, external spline action tooth thickness deviation, and spline engagement length; The actual tooth space width and actual tooth thickness are determined based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline action tooth thickness. Calculate the difference between the actual tooth groove width and the actual tooth thickness to form a mating clearance; Obtain the input interference ratio, and determine the helix angle based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline engagement length; The step of determining the actual tooth space width and actual tooth thickness based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline active tooth thickness includes: The minimum actual tooth groove width is determined based on the spline module and the tooth profile tolerance. The actual tooth groove width is determined based on the minimum actual tooth groove width and the machining tolerance. The minimum actual tooth thickness is determined based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline active tooth thickness. The actual tooth thickness is determined based on the minimum actual tooth thickness and the machining tolerance. The step of determining the minimum actual tooth groove width based on the spline module and the tooth profile tolerance includes: The minimum actual tooth groove width is obtained by calculating based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, and the first preset formula. The first preset formula is: Emin = 0.5πm + λ; Wherein, Emin is the minimum actual tooth groove width, m is the spline module, and λ is the tooth profile tolerance; The step of determining the actual tooth groove width based on the minimum actual tooth groove width and the machining tolerance includes: Obtain the first input scaling factor; The actual tooth groove width is obtained by calculating based on the first proportional coefficient, the minimum actual tooth groove width, the machining tolerance, and the second preset formula. The second preset formula is: E = Emin + a * T; Wherein, E is the actual tooth groove width, Emin is the minimum actual tooth groove width, a is the first proportional coefficient, and T is the machining tolerance; The step of determining the minimum actual tooth thickness based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, and the upper deviation of the external spline active tooth thickness includes: The minimum actual tooth thickness is obtained by calculating based on the spline module, the tooth profile tolerance, the machining tolerance, the upper deviation of the external spline tooth thickness, and the third preset formula. The third preset formula is: Smin = 0.5πm + es - (T + λ); Wherein, Smin is the minimum actual tooth thickness, m is the spline module, es is the upper deviation of the tooth thickness of the external spline, T is the machining tolerance, and λ is the tooth profile tolerance; The step of determining the actual tooth thickness based on the minimum actual tooth thickness and the machining tolerance includes: Obtain the second proportional coefficient from the input; The actual tooth thickness is obtained by calculating based on the second proportional coefficient, the minimum actual tooth thickness, the machining tolerance, and the fourth preset formula. The fourth preset formula is: S = Smin + b * T; Wherein, S is the actual tooth thickness, Smin is the minimum actual tooth thickness, b is the second proportionality coefficient, and T is the machining tolerance; The step of determining the helix angle based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline connection length includes: The helix angle is obtained by calculating based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, the spline connection length, and the fifth preset formula. The fifth preset formula is: β = atan(C / (L-η*L)); Wherein, β is the helix angle, C is the fit clearance, η is the interference ratio, and L is the spline connection length.

2. The method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the steps of obtaining the input interference ratio and determining the helix angle based on the interference ratio, the fit clearance, and the spline engagement length, the method further includes: Obtain the input deviation coefficient; The corrected helix angle is determined based on the deviation coefficient and the helix angle.

3. The method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the corrected helix angle based on the deviation coefficient and the helix angle includes: The corrected helix angle is obtained by calculating based on the deviation coefficient, the helix angle, and the sixth preset formula; The sixth preset formula is: α = β ± ζ * β; Wherein, α is the corrected helix angle, β is the helix angle, and ζ is the deviation coefficient.

4. A device for generating the helix angle of an involute spline tooth side fit, characterized in that, The apparatus for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit includes a memory, a processor, and a helix angle generation program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The helix angle generation program is configured to implement the steps of the method for generating the helix angle of the involute spline tooth side fit as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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