A breeding method for improving early egg weight of high-quality yellow-feather broiler breeder hens

Abstract

The application provides a breeding method for improving early egg weight of high-quality yellow-feather broiler breeder, and relates to the technical field of yellow-feather broiler breeding. The breeding method for improving early egg weight of high-quality yellow-feather broiler breeder mainly comprises the following steps: adopting Lingnan Yellow Chicken No. 2 parent generation female parent and Wannan Sanhuang chicken and Liyang chicken to crossbreed and obtain offspring, continuously crossbreeding the offspring to obtain commodity generation with stable traits, and adopting fructo-oligosaccharide, compound vitamin and phytase to assist feeding when the commodity generation is bred, and adopting temperature difference treatment of head and foot to improve overall breeding effect in the breeding process. The application overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, improves the early egg weight of yellow-feather broiler breeder, improves the growth efficiency of subsequent chicks, improves the effect of brooding, and improves the economic benefit of breeding.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the breeding technology field of yellow-feathered broilers, and particularly relates to a breeding method for improving early egg weight of high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeder hens. BACKGROUND

[0002] The yellow-feathered broiler is a Chinese local yellow-feathered chicken breed or is selected and bred by hybridization of the Chinese local yellow-feathered chicken breed and an introduced broiler breed, and the commercial chicken has obvious three-yellow chicken characteristics, and the yellow-feathered broiler has strong adaptability to the external environment, and the digestion capacity and disease resistance are also enhanced, and under normal feeding and management conditions, the chicken has less death and is a breed.

[0003] Early maturity selection has important significance in the breeding of high-quality broilers. Having sexual maturity appearance is a basic condition for the high-quality broilers to be marketed, and selecting early maturity can advance the marketing and improve the feed conversion rate and reduce the production cost. Researches have confirmed that when the chicken approaches sexual maturity, the body composition changes, and the carcass quality is improved, and in particular, when the hen approaches sexual maturity, the content of flavor substances such as intermuscular fat is increased, which is the material basis for the mellow and juicy taste and flavor of the muscle. Therefore, early maturity is an important index in the breeding of high-quality broilers.

[0004] The Wannan three-yellow chicken is an excellent local breed in Anhui Province, and due to its good survival rate and strong adaptability and short sexual maturity time, the Wannan three-yellow chicken generally starts to lay eggs at 21 weeks and is a local breed with both meat and eggs, but the weight of the early-mature chicken when starting to lay eggs is generally low, about 32-40 g, and existing researches have shown that the size of the egg has a great influence on the overall fertilization rate and hatching rate and even the survival rate of the chicks after hatching, and when the egg is small, the overall fertilization rate and hatching rate are reduced, and in the traditional breeding of the breeder hens, the peak egg-laying period is generally reached at 29-30 weeks, and the eggs obtained are increased by about 25-30% compared with the initial egg-laying period, so in order to ensure the subsequent hatching rate and survival rate, the eggs at the peak egg-laying period are used for hatching to obtain a higher hatching rate and chick survival rate, but the market usually hatches all the eggs laid by the breeder hens in order to improve the efficiency, which makes the hatching rate and chick survival rate of the early-stage breeder hens low.

[0005] Lingnan yellow chicken No. Ⅱ is a yellow-feathered broiler complete line bred by Lingnan Poultry Breeding Company of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences for many years, which has the advantages of early maturity, high quality of breeding eggs and high survival rate of chicks, the parent female of Lingnan yellow chicken No. Ⅱ is generally slow feather, three yellow feathers of wing, shank and skin, the body shape is wedge-shaped, single crown, early sexual maturity, eggshell is white, growth rate is moderate, egg production performance is high, uniform and consistent, and the parent generally starts laying at 24 weeks of age, the body weight at starting laying is 2250-2350g, the peak egg laying age is 29-30 weeks, the average egg laying rate is 80% per week at the peak period, the highest egg weight can reach more than 55g, and the hatching rate and preformation rate are more than 95%, but the sexual maturity time is about 24 weeks, which is relatively late, and the body weight at maturity is about 4kg, which is also relatively low, Liyang chicken is a famous chicken breed in the southwest hilly and mountainous areas of Jiangsu Province, the body weight of mature chicken can reach about nine catties, which is a high-quality broiler, and the egg weight can reach more than 65g, but the starting laying age is 243±39 days, that is, the sexual maturity time is long, how to comprehensively utilize the high-quality performance of the above chicken breeds to avoid their defects to obtain a high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breed is a feasible breeding direction. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a breeding method for improving the early egg weight of high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeders, which improves the early egg weight of yellow-feathered broiler breeders and the early growth rate of yellow-feathered broiler chicks, reduces feed consumption and improves the economic benefits of breeding.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0008] A breeding method for improving the early egg weight of high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeders, the breeding method comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Establishing F1 generation female parent: selecting female Lingnan yellow chicken No. Ⅱ parent generation female parent as hybrid female parent, Wan'nan three yellow chicken as male parent, hybridizing to produce eggs, and then feeding and raising the female and male separately to obtain female as F1 generation female parent;

[0010] (2) Establishing F1 generation male parent: selecting male Liyang chicken as male parent, Wan'nan three yellow chicken as female parent, hybridizing to produce eggs, and then feeding and raising the female and male separately to obtain male as F1 generation male parent;

[0011] (3) Obtaining F2 generation female parent: hybridizing the above F1 generation male parent and F1 generation female parent, then hatching the produced eggs, and then feeding and raising the female and male separately to obtain female as F2 generation female parent;

[0012] (4) Obtaining F3 generation: hybridizing the F2 generation female parent and male Wan'nan three yellow chicken, then hatching the produced eggs to obtain F3 generation;

[0013] (5) commodity generation obtains: the F3 generation is carried out cross selection yellow feather character, and the commodity generation is high-quality yellow feather broiler breed;

[0014] Preferably, the step (1) selects the egg weight of more than 55g hatched chicks for sorting feeding, and the yellow feather chicken with weight of more than 1300g after feeding for 20 weeks is F1 generation female parent.

[0015] Preferably, the step (2) selects the egg weight of more than 55g hatched chicks for sorting feeding, and the yellow feather chicken with weight of more than 1450g after feeding for 20 weeks is F1 generation male parent.

[0016] Preferably, the step (3) selects the egg weight of more than 55g hatched chicks for sorting feeding, and the yellow feather chicken with weight of more than 1350g after feeding for 20 weeks is F2 generation female parent.

[0017] Preferably, the step (5) selects the yellow feather character of the male and female during crossbreeding, and the eggs with weight of more than 60g are hatched to obtain offspring for crossbreeding, until the offspring with basically stable traits are obtained after crossbreeding for 3 generations.

[0018] Preferably, the commodity generation is added with fructo-oligosaccharide, compound vitamin and phytase in the daily ration for auxiliary feeding during breeding.

[0019] Preferably, the compound vitamin is obtained by mixing vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin B in a mass ratio of 3:2:1.

[0020] Preferably, 2-3g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 5-8g of compound vitamin and 500-600FTU of phytase are added in per kg of daily ration during feeding.

[0021] Preferably, the temperature difference of 2-4 DEG C between the head and the foot of the chicks after 12 weeks of the commodity generation is set for breeding during breeding of the commodity generation.

[0022] Preferably, the chicks after 12 weeks are bred by using a breeding device with the bottom temperature of the chicken coop being 22-26 DEG C, and the top of the chicken coop being provided with circulating air cooling, and the temperature being controlled at 20-22 DEG C.

[0023] The application provides a breeding method for improving early egg weight of high-quality yellow feather broiler breeders, which has the advantages of the prior art.

[0024] (1)The application adopts Lingnan Yellow Chicken No. 2 parent generation hens as hybrid hens to cross with Wannan Sanhuang chicken to obtain offspring, and then cross the offspring with male Liyang chicken and Wannan Sanhuang chicken hybrid offspring, and cross the offspring with Wannan Sanhuang chicken again, and cross the offspring with Wannan Sanhuang chicken again, wherein the Lingnan Yellow Chicken No. 2 parent generation hens have the advantages of early egg weight and high hatching rate, and the Wannan Sanhuang chicken has the advantages of delicious meat and early sexual maturity, and the Liyang chicken has the advantages of egg weight and high survival activity. The hybrid breeding operation is performed on the several kinds of chicken, and a yellow commodity generation with stable traits is obtained, the initial egg weight of the breeding chicken reaches more than 52g, the initial egg weight of the breeding chicken is improved, and the hatching rate of the initial egg production of the breeding chicken is improved.

[0025] (2)In the process of commodity generation breeding, fructo-oligosaccharides, complex vitamins and phytase are used for auxiliary feeding. The addition of fructo-oligosaccharides and complex vitamins effectively promotes the growth and development of commodity generation chicken, ensures the egg production rate and egg weight of the chicken in the early egg production period, and improves the growth rate of the whole broiler, and the complex addition of phytase further improves the growth rate of the chicken and ensures the stable development of the commodity generation.

[0026] (3) In the process of commodity generation breeding, the method of setting temperature difference between head and foot effectively promotes the sexual maturity of the chicken, ensures the egg production rate of the chicken, improves the economic benefit of the whole feeding, and ensures the weight of the initial egg production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a hybrid diagram of high-quality yellow broiler chicken. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the application.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] Daily ration setting:

[0031] The mass fraction composition of the general daily ration is: corn 56 parts, rice bran 5 parts, soybean meal 25 parts, soybean protein powder 2 parts, soybean oil 0.3 parts, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.2 parts, fine stone powder 3 parts, fish meal 3 parts, salt 0.2 parts, and premix 1 part.

[0032] Nutritional auxiliary daily ration: the same configuration as the above ordinary daily ration, and 3g of fructo-oligosaccharides, 7g of compound vitamins and 500FTU of phytase are added per kilogram of daily ration, wherein the compound vitamins are obtained by mixing vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin B in a mass ratio of 3:2:1.

[0033] Example 2:

[0034] Obtaining of high-quality yellow-feathered broiler commercial generation:

[0035] (1) Select the Lingnan Yellow Chicken No. 2 parent generation female parent as the hybrid female parent, and the Wannan Sanhuang chicken as the male parent. Hybrid eggs are laid during the peak egg production period. Select fertilized eggs with an egg weight of more than 55g for incubation. After separation of males and females, select yellow-feathered female chickens with a weight of more than 1300g after being fed with ordinary daily ration for 20 weeks as the F1 generation female parent.

[0036] (2) Select male Liyang chickens as the male parent, and Wannan Sanhuang chickens as the female parent. Hybrid eggs are laid during the peak egg production period. Select fertilized eggs with an egg weight of more than 55g for incubation. After separation of males and females, select yellow-feathered male chickens with a weight of more than 1450g after being fed with ordinary daily ration for 20 weeks as the F1 generation male parent.

[0037] (3) Cross the above F1 generation male parent and F1 generation female parent, and then lay eggs. Select fertilized eggs with an egg weight of more than 55g for incubation. Separate males and females, and then feed them for 20 weeks. Select yellow-feathered female chickens with a weight of more than 1350g as the F2 generation female parent.

[0038] (4) Cross the above F2 generation female parent with male Wannan Sanhuang chickens, and then lay eggs. Incubate the F3 generation obtained from the F2 generation female parent and the male Wannan Sanhuang chickens. Cross the F3 generation males and females, and select chickens hatched from eggs with a weight of more than 60g for continuous crossbreeding for 3 generations to obtain the commercial generation.

[0039] Example 3:

[0040] Feeding of the commercial generation in Example 2:

[0041] Incubate the chicks of the commercial generation, and then feed them with the nutritional auxiliary daily ration in Example 1.

[0042] After feeding for 12 weeks, set the temperature of the bottom of the chicken coop at 22-26℃, and set the circulating air cooling at the upper part of the chicken coop with a temperature controlled at 20-22℃ for breeding.

[0043] Comparative Example 1:

[0044] Feeding of the commercial generation in Example 2:

[0045] Incubate the chicks of the commercial generation, and then feed them with the nutritional auxiliary daily ration in Example 1. The rest is conventionally bred.

[0046] Comparative Example 2:

[0047] Feeding of the commercial generation of Example 2 above:

[0048] The hatched chicks of the commercial generation above were fed with the general diet of the above example;

[0049] After feeding for 12 weeks, the bottom of the cage was set to be kept at 22-26℃, and the upper part of the cage was set to be circulated with cold air, and the temperature was controlled at 20-22℃, for breeding.

[0050] Comparative Example 3:

[0051] Feeding of the commercial generation of Example 2 above:

[0052] The hatched chicks of the commercial generation above were fed with the general diet of the above example, and were bred normally.

[0053] Detection:

[0054] 1. According to the breeding methods of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 above, the hens and cocks of the commercial generation were bred in combination according to 100 hens and 20 cocks, and the egg production of the commercial generation in the whole breeding process at 21 weeks, 25 weeks, 30 weeks and 35 weeks during the breeding process was recorded for detection, and the results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0055] Table 1

[0056]

[0057] From the above table, it can be seen that the commercial generation obtained from Example 2 has started laying eggs at 21 weeks, and the egg production rate reaches more than 20%, and when using the general diet for daily feeding, the average egg weight of the initial laying eggs is greater than 47g, and the egg production rate reaches the peak at about 30 weeks, and the egg production rate is 73%, and the combination of the feeding method and breeding method in Example 3 can effectively improve the egg production rate of the commercial generation chickens and the egg weight in the early stage.

[0058] 2. According to the breeding methods of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 above, the commercial generation was bred, and 200 eggs harvested from each group at 21 weeks, 25 weeks and 30 weeks were taken for incubation, and the hatched chicks were fed with the general diet for 6 weeks, and the hatching rate of the eggs laid by the breeding hens at different periods, the average weight of the hatched chicks and the survival rate of the chicks at 6 weeks were recorded and calculated, and the results are shown in Tables 2-5 below:

[0059] Table 2: Egg hatching of the breeding hens at different periods of Example 3

[0060]

[0061] Table 3: Egg hatching of the breeding hens at different periods of Comparative Example 1

[0062]

[0063] Table 4: Egg hatching of different periods of the chicken in the comparative example 2

[0064]

[0065] Table 5: Egg hatching of different periods of the chicken in the comparative example 3

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] From the above table, it can be seen that the feeding method of example 3 can effectively improve the hatching rate of subsequent different period eggs, the birth weight of chicks and the survival rate of chicks, and improve the economic benefit of breeding.

[0069] 3, Detect the early growth efficiency of the commercial breed obtained in example 3 at 21 weeks, 25 weeks and 30 weeks of egg hatching (100 chicks in each group), and feed the ordinary daily ration in example 1 for 24 days. Weigh each group of chicks, record the daily ration consumption, and calculate the feed-meat ratio as shown in the following table 6:

[0070] Table 6

[0071]

[0072] From the above table 6, it can be seen that the commercial breed obtained in example 3 has a fast early growth rate during subsequent egg production and brooding, which is significantly faster than the growth rate of Wannan Sanhuang chicken (average weight of about 220g in the first 24 days of brooding), and has a lower feed-meat ratio, reducing the waste of feed.

[0073] It should be noted that in this paper, relationship terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. Moreover, the term "includes", "contains" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. Without more limitation, the element defined by the statement "including a…" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or equipment including the element.

[0074] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeder chickens, characterized in that, The breeding method includes the following steps: (1) Establishing the F1 generation maternal line: Selecting Lingnan Yellow Chicken No. II as the maternal line for hybridization and Wannan Sanhuang Chicken as the paternal line, hybridizing to lay eggs and hatching, and then separating the male and female for rearing, so that the female can be used as the F1 generation maternal line; (2) Establish F1 generation paternal line: Select male Liyang chicken as paternal line and Wannan Sanhuang chicken as maternal line, crossbreed and hatch, then separate males and females for raising, and obtain males as F1 generation paternal line; (3) Obtaining F2 generation maternal parent: cross the above-mentioned F1 generation male parent and F1 generation female parent, then lay eggs and hatch them, then separate the male and female for rearing, and obtain females as F2 generation maternal parent; (4) F3 generation: cross the F2 generation female parent with a male Wannan Sanhuang chicken, and then hatch the eggs to obtain the F3 generation; (5) Obtaining commercial generation: cross-selection of yellow feather trait in F3 generation to obtain commercial generation is a high-quality yellow feather broiler breed.

2. The breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeders according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), chicks with an egg weight of more than 55g are selected for sorting and feeding, and yellow-feathered chickens with a weight of more than 1300g after 20 weeks of feeding are used as the F1 generation maternal line.

3. The breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeder chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), chicks with an egg weight of more than 55g are selected for sorting and feeding, and yellow-feathered chickens with a weight of more than 1450g after 20 weeks of feeding are used as the F1 generation paternal line.

4. The breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeder chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), chicks with an egg weight of more than 55g are selected for sorting and feeding, and yellow-feathered chickens with a weight of more than 1350g after 20 weeks of feeding are used as the F2 generation maternal line.

5. The breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeders according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), when crossbreeding, select males and females with yellow feathers and raise them together. Incubate eggs weighing more than 60g to obtain offspring and continue crossbreeding until three generations of crossbreeding are completed to obtain offspring with stable traits for commercial use.

6. The breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeders according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the commercial breeding process, fructooligosaccharides, compound vitamins, and phytase are added to the daily diet for supplementary feeding.

7. A breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeders according to claim 6, characterized in that: The compound vitamin is obtained by mixing vitamin A, vitamin E, and vitamin B in a mass ratio of 3:2:

1.

8. A breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeders according to claim 6, characterized in that: During feeding, add 2-3g of fructooligosaccharides, 5-8g of multivitamins and 500-600FTU of phytase per kilogram of diet.

9. A breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeders according to claim 1, characterized in that: During commercial breeding, a temperature difference of 2-4℃ is set between the head and feet of 12-week-old chicks.

10. A breeding method for improving early egg weight in high-quality yellow-feathered broiler breeders according to claim 9, characterized in that: The chicks after 12 weeks were raised using a breeding device where the bottom temperature of the cage was 22-26℃ and the top of the cage was equipped with a circulating air-cooled system to control the temperature at 20-22℃.

Images