A device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for producing high-ester fuel oil by utilizing agricultural and forestry waste biomass, belonging to the technical field of biomass-based fuel oil. The device arranges a material solution automatic mixing mechanism below the discharge end of a material drop drying mechanism. When a sufficient amount of material falls into a material storage cavity, a material liquid addition overflow cylinder automatically moves downward, and the methanol solution in the methanol solution storage cylinder enters the material storage cavity through an overflow port and is mixed with the material. When the material liquid addition overflow cylinder moves to the lowest point, the methanol solution stops entering. At this time, an electromagnetic valve opens, and the mixed solution in the material storage cavity flows to a supercritical liquefaction kettle through a telescopic pipe for thermochemical reaction. The methanol solution storage cylinder is supplemented with methanol solution, and then the material liquid addition overflow cylinder moves upward to an initial position under the action of the methanol solution, waiting for the next material to fall, thereby achieving the technical purpose of automatically completing the addition of methanol solution after material drying, and improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass-based fuel oil, and in particular relates to a device for producing high-ester fuel oil by utilizing agricultural and forestry waste biomass. Background Art

[0002] At present, the technology of using biomass as raw material to produce fuel oil by using supercritical liquefaction thermochemical reaction technology has been studied for many years. For example, the method of using biomass to produce high-ester biofuel oil with application number 202011006049.X is as follows: the raw material drying moisture is less than 4% - the raw material is crushed to 100-200 mesh, the biomass raw material powder and the methanol solution are mixed in a supercritical liquefaction reactor at a weight ratio of 1:2-3 and heated to 280-300 degrees, and the pressure is controlled at 15Mp to complete the liquefaction, and the biomass liquefied liquid crude oil and the unliquefied solid mixture are fractionated to obtain a light liquefied fuel and a solid-liquid mixture for fractionation to obtain a water-methanol mixture and a remaining liquid solid mixture - methanol and water are fractionated, the methanol is recycled, and the water is discharged and fractionated to obtain biomass liquefied heavy fuel and solid residue; its beneficial effects: the change of methanol mixing ratio and the use of a single liquefied meson can obtain high-ester biofuel oil, the conversion rate reaches 85%, the liquefaction time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

[0003] After research, the applicant found that the principles of producing high-ester fuel oil from biomass in the prior art are similar and have become mature, but the device that implements the principle of producing high-ester fuel oil cannot achieve continuous production, especially when the biomass is mixed with the solution, the method of manual addition and proportioning is still adopted. This not only cannot guarantee production efficiency, but also increases the operational errors caused by humans to a certain extent. The applicant takes the automatic addition of methanol solution after drying the material as a breakthrough to improve production efficiency and enhance the quality of ester fuel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass in view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, so as to solve the problem of low production efficiency in the biomass reaction process.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides a device for producing high-ester fuel oil by utilizing agricultural and forestry waste biomass, comprising a crushing mechanism, a material dropping and drying mechanism, a material solution automatic mixing mechanism, a supercritical liquefaction kettle and a fractionation mechanism for materials to flow through in sequence, the material solution automatic mixing mechanism comprising a methanol solution storage cylinder and a material liquid addition overflow cylinder floating in the methanol solution storage cylinder, the material liquid addition overflow cylinder having an inverted cone-shaped material storage cavity, the top and bottom of the material storage cavity are respectively provided with a feed port and a first discharge port, and the outer wall of the material storage cavity is located at A downward blocking portion is provided at the feed port, and the downward blocking portion can be fitted with the top of the methanol solution storage cylinder, and a first induction sensor is provided at the top of the methanol solution storage cylinder or the downward blocking portion; an electromagnetic valve is provided at the end face of the first discharge port, and the first induction sensor and the electromagnetic valve are electrically connected to the controller; a second discharge port is provided at the bottom of the methanol solution storage cylinder, and the outer wall of the first discharge port is connected to the second discharge port through a telescopic tube; an overflow port is provided on the outer wall of the material storage cavity, and the overflow port is provided close to the downward blocking portion.

[0006] Preferably, the methanol solution storage cylinder is connected to a fluid infusion pipeline, the fluid infusion pipeline is connected to a fluid infusion pump, the fluid infusion pump is connected to a methanol solution source, and the fluid infusion pump is electrically connected to the controller.

[0007] Preferably, an upward blocking part is provided on the outer wall of the material storage cavity below the downward blocking part, a groove for movement of the upward blocking part is provided on the inner wall of the methanol solution storage cylinder, a second induction sensor is provided on the top of the groove or the upward blocking part, and the second induction sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Preferably, the downward blocking portion and the upward blocking portion are both annular structures.

[0009] Preferably, the overflow ports are circumferentially spaced apart on the outer wall of the material storage cavity, and the overflow ports are arranged at the same height.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic tube is a bellows.

[0011] Preferably, the electromagnetic valve includes a cover plate that can block the first discharge port, the cover plate is connected to the end face of the first discharge port through a rotating shaft, and a reset torsion spring is arranged on the rotating shaft; an electromagnetic suction component that can adsorb the cover plate is arranged on the end face of the first discharge port.

[0012] Preferably, the blanking drying mechanism includes a first movable roller group and a second fixed roller group, both of which have a heat-resistant conveyor belt, the first movable roller group is used to receive the crushed material of the crushing mechanism, the first movable roller group includes a first active roller, a first transverse driven roller and a first longitudinal driven roller distributed in a triangular shape, the first active roller and the first transverse driven roller are arranged in a straight line; the second fixed roller group is used to receive the crushed material of the first movable roller group, the second fixed roller group includes a second active roller and a plurality of second driven rollers, the second active roller and the plurality of second driven rollers form a Z-shaped crushed material flow path, the transverse range of the first transverse driven roller is not less than half of the length between the second active roller and the second driven roller.

[0013] Preferably, a tension sensor for measuring the heat-resistant conveyor belt is provided in the first movable roller group.

[0014] Preferably, the fractionation mechanism comprises a first fractionator, a second fractionator, a third fractionator and a fourth fractionator.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects:

[0016] In the present invention, an automatic material solution mixing mechanism is arranged below the discharge end of the blanking drying mechanism. When a sufficient amount of material falls into the material storage cavity, the material liquid addition overflow cylinder automatically moves downward, and the methanol solution in the methanol solution storage cylinder enters the material storage cavity through the overflow port and is mixed with the material. When the material liquid addition overflow cylinder moves to the lowest point, the methanol solution stops entering. At this time, the electromagnetic valve opens, and the mixed solution in the material storage cavity flows to the supercritical liquefaction kettle through the telescopic pipe for thermochemical reaction. The methanol solution storage cylinder is supplemented with methanol solution, and then the material liquid addition overflow cylinder moves upward to the initial position under the action of the methanol solution, waiting for the next material to fall, thereby achieving the technical purpose of automatically completing the methanol solution addition work by drying the material, and improving the production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of various parts of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the automatic mixing mechanism of the material solution;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Zoom in on the local structure Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Zoom in on the local structure Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a methanol solution storage cylinder;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material liquid addition overflow cylinder;

[0025] Wherein: crushing mechanism 1, material dropping and drying mechanism 2, material solution automatic mixing mechanism 3, supercritical liquefaction kettle 4, fractionation mechanism 5, methanol solution storage cylinder 6, material liquid addition overflow cylinder 7, material storage cavity 8, first discharge port 9, downward blocking part 10, first inductive sensor 11, electromagnetic valve 12, second discharge port 13, telescopic tube 14, overflow port 15, upward blocking part 16, liquid replenishing pipeline 17, groove 18, second inductive sensor 19, cover plate 20, rotating shaft 21, electromagnetic suction part 22, hot air distributor 23, air permeable plate 24, dust filter 25, first active roller 26, first transverse driven roller 27, first longitudinal driven roller 28, second active roller 29, second driven roller 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, the present invention provides a device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass, including a crushing mechanism 1, a material-dropping drying mechanism 2, a material-solution automatic mixing mechanism 3, a supercritical liquefaction kettle 4 and a fractionation mechanism 5 for materials to flow through in sequence, wherein the material needs to be pre-dried before entering the crushing mechanism 1 to achieve a better crushing effect. Preferably, the material is dried to make its raw material moisture content less than 3%, and the biomass raw material is crushed into 100-200 mesh material powder. The existing pre-drying technology can be used here, and no specific details are given; the drying technology used in the material-dropping drying mechanism 2 is also the existing drying technology, for example, a hot air distributor 2323 is set at the bottom of the material-dropping drying mechanism 2 to achieve the technical purpose of uniformly distributing hot air, and the hot air released by the hot air distributor 2323 enters the interior of the material-dropping drying mechanism 2 through the air permeable plate 2424, and after drying the material powder, it flows through the dust filter 2525 and then flows to the outside through the chimney; the supercritical liquefaction kettle 4 is also a prior art, which means that the reactants are in a supercritical state or the reaction is carried out in a supercritical medium. The supercritical medium used should be non-corrosive to the reaction device, have a low critical pressure, and have high selectivity and solubility. Commonly used supercritical fluids include supercritical water, supercritical CO2, supercritical methanol, etc. The fractionation mechanism 5 includes a first fractionator, a second fractionator, a third fractionator and a fourth fractionator, which sequentially complete the following fractionation work: fractionating the biomass liquefied liquid crude oil and the unliquefied solid mixture to obtain a light liquefied fuel and a solid-liquid mixture; fractionating the above solid-liquid mixture to obtain a water-methanol mixture and a remaining liquid-solid mixture; fractionating the above water-methanol mixture to obtain methanol and water, the methanol is recycled, and the water is discharged; fractionating the above remaining liquid-solid mixture to obtain a biomass liquefied heavy fuel and a solid residue.

[0029] The improvement of the present invention is mainly the material solution automatic mixing mechanism 3, which is arranged below the discharge end of the blanking and drying mechanism 2. In order to prevent the powder from falling and scattering, the discharge end can be extended into the material solution automatic mixing mechanism 3. Of course, other methods can also be used to prevent the powder from spilling. As a specific implementation scheme, the material solution automatic mixing mechanism 3 includes a methanol solution storage cylinder 6 and a material liquid addition overflow cylinder 7 floating in the methanol solution storage cylinder 6. The material liquid addition overflow cylinder 7 has an inverted cone-shaped material storage cavity 8. The top and bottom of the material storage cavity 8 are respectively provided with an inlet. A material port and a first material discharge port 9, a downward blocking portion 10 is arranged on the outer wall of the material storage cavity 8 at the material feed port, the downward blocking portion 10 can fit with the top of the methanol solution storage cylinder 6, and the top of the methanol solution storage cylinder 6 or the downward blocking portion 10 is provided with a first inductive sensor 11; an electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged at the end surface of the first material discharge port 9, and the first inductive sensor 11 and the electromagnetic valve 12 are both electrically connected to the controller; a second material discharge port 13 is arranged at the bottom of the methanol solution storage cylinder 6, and the outer wall of the first material discharge port 9 is connected to the second material discharge port 13 through a telescopic tube 14, wherein The telescopic tube 14 can be a bellows or other freely telescopic tube; an overflow port 15 is provided on the outer wall of the material storage cavity 8, and the overflow port 15 is arranged close to the downward blocking portion 10. Preferably, the overflow ports 15 are arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the material storage cavity 8 in the circumferential direction, and the overflow ports 15 are arranged at the same height to ensure that the amount of methanol solution entering is stable and uniform; when a sufficient amount of material falls into the material storage cavity 8, the material liquid addition overflow cylinder 7 automatically moves downward, and the methanol solution in the methanol solution storage cylinder 6 enters the material storage cavity 8 through the overflow port 15 and mixes with the material After the mixing is completed, when the material adding overflow cylinder 7 moves to the lowest point, the first induction sensor 11 is triggered, and the methanol solution gradually stops flowing in from the overflow port 15. After the triggering, the electromagnetic valve 12 opens, and the mixed solution in the material storage cavity 8 flows to the supercritical liquefaction reactor 4 through the telescopic tube 14 for thermochemical reaction. The methanol solution storage cylinder 6 is replenished with methanol solution, and then the material adding overflow cylinder 7 moves upward to the initial position under the action of the methanol solution, waiting for the next material to fall, thereby achieving the technical purpose of automatically completing the addition of methanol solution by drying the material, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0030] As a method of fluid replenishment, the methanol solution storage cylinder 6 in the present invention is connected to the fluid replenishment pipe 17, the fluid replenishment pipe 17 is connected to the fluid replenishment pump, the fluid replenishment pump is connected to the methanol solution source, and the fluid replenishment pump is electrically connected to the controller, that is, the methanol solution in the methanol solution storage cylinder 6 is pumped; further, in order to accurately replenish the fluid, an upward blocking part 16 is arranged on the outer wall of the material storage cavity 8 below the downward blocking part 10, and a groove 18 for the upward blocking part 16 to move is arranged on the inner wall of the methanol solution storage cylinder 6, and the upward blocking part 16 moves up and down in the groove 18, and a second induction sensor 19 is arranged on the top of the groove 18 or the upward blocking part 16, and the second induction sensor 19 is electrically connected to the controller. When the second induction sensor 19 is triggered, the fluid replenishment pump stops working.

[0031] As a specific implementation manner, in the present invention, the first inductive sensor 11 and the second inductive sensor 19 are pressure sensors; the downward blocking portion 10 and the upward blocking portion 16 are both annular structures.

[0032] As a specific implementation manner, the electromagnetic valve 12 in the present invention includes a cover plate 20 that can block the first discharge port 9, the cover plate 20 is connected to the end face of the first discharge port 9 through a rotating shaft 21, and a reset torsion spring is arranged on the rotating shaft 21; an electromagnetic suction piece 22 that can adsorb the cover plate 20 is arranged on the end face of the first discharge port 9, when the first induction sensor 11 is triggered, the electromagnetic suction piece 22 is powered off, and the cover plate 20 is opened; when no mixed material falls, the cover plate 20 is closed under the action of the reset torsion spring, and the electromagnetic suction piece 22 is powered on.

[0033] As a specific implementation method, in order to realize the intermittent material conveying characteristic and ensure continuous feeding, the blanking drying mechanism 2 in the present invention also has a special design for the conveying mechanism, which includes a first movable roller group and a second fixed roller group both having a heat-resistant conveyor belt, the first movable roller group is used to receive the crushed material of the crushing mechanism 1, the first movable roller group includes a first active roller 26, a first transverse driven roller 27 and a first longitudinal driven roller 28 distributed in a triangular shape, the first active roller 26 and the first transverse driven roller 27 are arranged in a straight line, that is, the first active roller 26 is fixed, the first transverse driven roller 27 and the first longitudinal driven roller 28 are respectively moved laterally and longitudinally while ensuring the tension (the tension can be measured by a tension sensor) to change the falling position of the material on the first movable roller group, so that there is a gap between the two materials before and after, Because there is an interval, the previous material can all fall into the material solution automatic mixing mechanism 3, and the next material can continue to fall to complete the drying work. After the previous material has fallen and completed mixing with the methanol solution, the next material can fall into the material solution automatic mixing mechanism 3 without stopping the conveyor belt; the above-mentioned lateral movement and longitudinal movement can be completed by a telescopic cylinder, and can also be completed by other telescopic reset mechanisms; in order to ensure the drying effect of the second fixed roller group on the crushed material, the second fixed roller group includes a second active roller 29 and a plurality of second driven rollers 30, and the second active roller 29 and the plurality of second driven rollers 30 form a Z-shaped crushed material flow path; in order to ensure the interval dropping time and to have adjustable performance, the lateral movement range of the first lateral driven roller 27 is not less than half of the length between the second active roller 29 and the second driven roller 30.

[0034] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the present invention and its core ideas. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass, characterized in that: The invention comprises a crushing mechanism, a material dropping and drying mechanism, a material solution automatic mixing mechanism, a supercritical liquefaction kettle and a fractionation mechanism for materials to flow through in sequence. The material solution automatic mixing mechanism comprises a methanol solution storage cylinder and a material liquid addition overflow cylinder floating in the methanol solution storage cylinder. The material liquid addition overflow cylinder has a material storage cavity in the shape of an inverted cone. The top and bottom of the material storage cavity are respectively provided with a feed port and a first discharge port. A descending blocking part is provided on the outer wall of the material storage cavity at the feed port. The descending blocking part can be fitted with the top of the methanol solution storage cylinder, and a first induction sensor is provided on the top of the methanol solution storage cylinder or the descending blocking part; an electromagnetic valve is provided at the end surface of the first discharge port, and the first induction sensor and the electromagnetic valve are both electrically connected to a controller; a second discharge port is provided at the bottom of the methanol solution storage cylinder, and the outer wall of the first discharge port is connected to the second discharge port through a telescopic tube; an overflow port is provided on the outer wall of the material storage cavity, and the overflow port is provided at a position close to the descending blocking part.

2. The device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The methanol solution storage cylinder is connected to a fluid infusion pipeline, the fluid infusion pipeline is connected to a fluid infusion pump, the fluid infusion pump is connected to a methanol solution source, and the fluid infusion pump is electrically connected to the controller.

3. The device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An upward blocking part is arranged on the outer wall of the material storage cavity below the downward blocking part, a groove for movement of the upward blocking part is arranged on the inner wall of the methanol solution storage cylinder, a second induction sensor is arranged on the top of the groove or the upward blocking part, and the second induction sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

4. The device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The downward blocking portion and the upward blocking portion are both in an annular structure.

5. The device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The overflow ports are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the material storage cavity, and the setting heights of the plurality of overflow ports are the same.

6. The device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The telescopic tube is a corrugated tube.

7. The device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The electromagnetic valve includes a cover plate that can block the first discharge port, the cover plate is connected to the end surface of the first discharge port through a rotating shaft, and a reset torsion spring is arranged on the rotating shaft; an electromagnetic suction component that can adsorb the cover plate is arranged on the end surface of the first discharge port.

8. The device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blanking drying mechanism includes a first movable roller group and a second fixed roller group, both of which have heat-resistant conveyor belts. The first movable roller group is used to receive the crushed material of the crushing mechanism. The first movable roller group includes a first active roller, a first transverse driven roller and a first longitudinal driven roller distributed in a triangular shape, and the first active roller and the first transverse driven roller are arranged in a straight line; the second fixed roller group is used to receive the crushed material of the first movable roller group, and the second fixed roller group includes a second active roller and a plurality of second driven rollers. The second active roller and the plurality of second driven rollers form a Z-shaped crushed material flow path, and the transverse range of the first transverse driven roller is not less than half of the length between the second active roller and the second driven roller.

9. The device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first movable roller group is provided with a tension sensor for measuring the heat-resistant conveyor belt.

10. The device for producing high-ester fuel oil using agricultural and forestry waste biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fractionation mechanism includes a first fractionator, a second fractionator, a third fractionator and a fourth fractionator.

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