A buffer device for an elevator

Abstract

The application provides a buffer device of an elevator, and belongs to the technical field of the elevator. The buffer device of the elevator solves the problem of how to improve the safety of the elevator. The buffer device of the elevator comprises a base, at least three groups of elastic members vertically and spacedly arranged in the base and capable of vertically stretching and contracting, a base plate arranged between each two adjacent groups of elastic members, a limiting rod assembly capable of being tilted outward and downward to abut against the base so that the base plate is vertically limited, and an unlocking plate vertically and slidably connected to each base plate, wherein the unlocking plate is capable of pushing the limiting rod assembly inward and separating the limiting rod assembly from the base when the unlocking plate slides downward. The buffer device of the elevator can effectively improve the safety of the elevator.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of elevators, and relates to a buffer device of an elevator. BACKGROUND

[0002] An elevator is a vertical lift powered by an electric motor, which generally includes a car and a traction system installed in an elevator shaft to control the car to ascend or descend in the elevator shaft through a rope, thereby realizing the transportation of people or goods in high-rise buildings.

[0003] In recent years, accidents of car elevators occur frequently. The car falling from a high place will hit the bottom of the elevator shaft violently, and the energy of the impact will pose a serious threat to the passengers in the car. In the prior art, in order to reduce the harm caused by the falling of the car, an elastic buffer device is generally installed at the bottom of the elevator shaft. For example, a kind of elevator safety auxiliary device is disclosed in Chinese patent (authorized publication number: CN213085115U), which includes a first shell and a second shell. A first rubber pad is fixedly installed above the second shell. A plurality of shock absorbers are fixedly installed in the second shell at equal intervals. A plurality of safety airbags are fixedly installed at the bottom of the second shell at equal intervals. A top plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of a second rubber pad. A plurality of sliding rods extend into the first shell through the top of the first shell and are fixedly installed with a moving plate at the lower end. A plurality of first springs are sleeved on the plurality of sliding rods. Two second springs are fixedly installed at the bottom in the first shell. As can be known from paragraph 0020 of the specification, the device can automatically sense through an infrared sensor. After the impact force of the falling elevator is sequentially damped by the first rubber pad, the plurality of shock absorbers, the plurality of safety airbags, and the second rubber pad, the plurality of first springs are compressed downward, the second shell and the top plate are driven by the plurality of sliding rods to slide downward, the moving plate moves downward to contact and press the two second springs, and the multi-stage damping collectively buffers the impact force of the falling elevator, thereby avoiding greater harm to the passengers.

[0004] However, the safety auxiliary device has the following defects. Specifically, the impact force of the falling elevator is collectively buffered by the first rubber pad, the plurality of shock absorbers, the plurality of safety airbags, the second rubber pad, the plurality of sliding rods, the plurality of first springs, and the two second springs,

[0005] When the elevator safety auxiliary device contacts the bottom of the elevator car, each damping and buffering component deforms simultaneously to buffer the car. The impact between each damping and buffering component cannot be effectively dissipated, resulting in a lower buffering performance than expected. In addition, the elastic force generated by each damping and buffering component after being impacted and deformed will push it up and make it fall again, which is likely to cause secondary harm to the passengers. SUMMARY

[0006] The elevator buffer device aims at solving the above problems in the prior art, and aims to improve the safety of the elevator.

[0007] The elevator buffer device comprises a base, at least three groups of elastic members arranged vertically in the base and capable of stretching vertically, characterized in that a base plate is arranged between each two adjacent groups of elastic members, a limiting rod assembly capable of being inclined outward and abutting against the base to limit the base plate vertically is hinged to the side of each base plate, and an unlocking plate is slidably connected to each base plate vertically, and the unlocking plate can push the limiting rod assembly inward and separate the limiting rod assembly from the base when sliding downward.

[0008] The elevator buffer device comprises a base installed at the bottom of an elevator shaft, at least three groups of elastic members arranged vertically in the base, and a base plate arranged between each two adjacent groups of elastic members, wherein the impact force generated when the elevator car falls can be transmitted to each group of elastic members in turn, and the impact force can be unloaded through the reverse force generated when each group of elastic members is compressed, thereby ensuring the safety of passengers and their properties.

[0009] In the elevator buffer device, each base plate is provided with a side plate on both sides in the vertical direction, each side plate is provided with a limiting rod assembly at both ends, each limiting rod assembly comprises a support rod hinged to the side plate, one end of the support rod is hinged with a roller, the base is U-shaped and is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves on the inner walls of both sides in the vertical direction, the top of the base and the inner walls of each limiting groove are formed with a horizontal upwardly arranged abutting surface for the roller to abut against, when the unlocking plate moves downward and pushes the support rod, the support rod rotates around the hinge to separate the roller from the abutting surface.

[0010] Each base plate is provided with a side plate on both sides, each side plate is provided with a limiting rod assembly at both ends, each limiting rod assembly comprises a support rod hinged to the side plate, the base is U-shaped and is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves on the inner walls of both sides in the vertical direction, each limiting groove and the top of the base are provided with an upwardly arranged abutting surface, one end of each hinged rod corresponds to each abutting surface, the hinged rod is supported by the abutting surface, so that the upper base plate is limited (i.e. a group of elastic members between the two base plates is limited), when the unlocking plate is pushed downward, the lower end of the unlocking plate can abut against the outer wall of the support rod, under the action of subsequent impact force, the support rod can be pushed to rotate around the hinge and separate from the abutting surface, thereby releasing the limitation of the upper base plate, in addition, one end of the support rod abutting against the abutting surface is further hinged with a roller, thereby reducing the friction coefficient between the support rod and the abutting surface, and further ensuring that the unlocking plate pushes the support rod to rotate more smoothly.

[0011] In the elevator buffer device, each limiting rod assembly further comprises a limiting column and a pull rod, the limiting column is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the side plate, the pull rod is hinged to the inner wall of the side plate, one end of the pull rod is hinged with a sliding guide block, the sliding guide block is slidably buckled on one end of the support rod with the roller, when the roller abuts against the abutting surface, the other end of the pull rod can abut against the limiting column.

[0012] Each limiting rod assembly further comprises a limiting column and a pull rod, the limiting column is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the side plate, the pull rod is hinged to the inner wall of the side plate, one end of the pull rod is hinged with a sliding guide block, the sliding guide block is slidably buckled on one end of the support rod with the roller, the support rod can rotate outwardly around the hinge between itself and the side plate, due to the presence of the sliding guide block, after the support rod rotates outwardly by a certain amplitude, the pull rod will rotate outwardly with the support rod to make the other end of the pull rod abut against the limiting column, thereby making the support rod be limited when abutting against the abutting surface, when the support rod is pushed inwardly by the unlocking plate, the sliding guide block can slide reversely along the outer wall of the support rod, ensuring that the support rod will not be stuck, so that the support rod can rotate inwardly to be retracted (i.e. separate from the abutting surface), and the limitation of the base plate is released.

[0013] In the elevator buffer device, the lengths of the base plates gradually decrease from top to bottom, so that gaps are formed between two adjacent side plates on the same side, and the limiting rod assembly is installed in the gaps.

[0014] The lengths of the base plates gradually decrease from top to bottom, so that gaps are formed between two adjacent side plates on the same side, and the limiting rod assembly is installed in the gaps.

[0015] In the elevator buffer device, each set of elastic members includes a plurality of buffer springs, each of which is internally provided with a top support seat and a bottom support seat that are connected to each other, and one end of each buffer spring is tightly connected to the top support seat and the other end is tightly connected to the bottom support seat.

[0016] Each set of elastic members specifically includes a plurality of vertically arranged buffer springs, each of which is internally provided with a top support seat and a bottom support seat that are connected to each other, one end of each buffer spring is tightly connected to the top support seat and the other end is tightly connected to the bottom support seat, when the top bearing plate is pressed downward, the top support seat moves together with the top bearing plate in the direction of the bottom bearing plate, so that the top support seat continuously extends into the bottom support seat, and the deformation direction of the buffer spring is guided by the top support seat and the bottom support seat, thereby ensuring that each set of elastic members can more fully buffer the impact of the car.

[0017] In the elevator buffer device, a sliding groove is formed on the inner wall of the bottom support seat in the height direction, a fixed block is fixedly arranged in the top support seat, an installation groove is formed on the outer wall of the fixed block, a compression spring and a limiting pin are arranged in the installation groove, one end of the compression spring is tightly connected to the bottom wall of the installation groove, the other end of the compression spring is tightly connected to one end of the limiting pin, the other end of the limiting pin passes through the top support seat and abuts against the inner wall of the sliding groove, and a limiting hole is formed on the inner wall of the sliding groove for the limiting pin to extend out of.

[0018] When the buffer spring is compressed to the limit, the end of the limiting pin away from the compression spring is aligned with the limiting hole, at this time, due to the elastic reaction force of the compression spring, the limiting pin can extend out of the limiting hole, and in this state, the top support seat and the bottom support seat can be limited, so that the buffer spring remains in the compressed state and cannot be stretched, thereby avoiding the elastic reaction force of the buffer device impacting the bottom of the car and preventing the passengers in the car from being injured again.

[0019] In the elevator buffer device, the fixed block is fixed to the lower end of the top support seat, and the limiting hole is formed on the inner wall of the lower end of the sliding groove.

[0020] The fixed block is specifically fixed at the lower end of the upper support seat, and the limiting hole is specifically located on the inner wall of the lower end of the sliding groove, so that the elastic telescopic assembly can avoid reverse impact while maximizing the stress buffering effect, and as an alternative, the fixed block can also be fixed at the upper end of the upper support seat, and the limiting hole can also be provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the sliding groove.

[0021] In the above-mentioned elevator buffer device, a connecting hole is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the upper support seat for the limiting pin to pass through, both the connecting hole and the limiting hole are square holes, the end of the limiting pin facing the compression spring is cylindrical and has an outer diameter larger than the connecting hole, and the end of the limiting pin away from the compression spring is a quadrangular prism.

[0022] The end of the limiting pin facing the compression spring is cylindrical, the end of the limiting pin away from the compression spring is a quadrangular prism, a square connecting hole is provided on the side wall of the upper support seat, and both the connecting hole and the limiting hole are square, and as a preferred solution, the hole diameter of the limiting hole and the connecting hole is larger than the end of the limiting pin away from the compression spring, and at the same time, the hole diameter of the limiting hole and the connecting hole is smaller than the end of the limiting pin facing the compression spring, so that when the limiting pin is pushed out, the limiting pin can be limited by the connecting hole through the cylindrical end, avoiding the limiting pin from coming out.

[0023] In the above-mentioned elevator buffer device, the buffer device further comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, the upper support seat at the top is fixed on the lower side of the top plate, the remaining upper support seats are fixed on the lower sides of the respective base plates, the lower support seat at the bottom is fixed on the upper side of the bottom plate, and the remaining lower support seats are fixed on the upper sides of the respective base plates.

[0024] The top of the buffer device is provided with a top plate, and the bottom is provided with a bottom plate, the top plate is specifically connected with the top of the uppermost upper support seat by bolts, and the pressure of the car bottom is borne by the top plate, so as to ensure that each upper support seat is stressed uniformly, and then ensure that each buffer spring is fully deformed, in addition, the bottom plate is connected with the lower end of the lowermost lower support seat by bolts, and the buffer assembly is fixed in the base through the bottom plate, so as to ensure the structural stability of the buffer device.

[0025] In the above-mentioned elevator buffer device, each of the base plates is provided with four unlocking plates, each of the unlocking plates is provided with a waist-shaped hole along the length direction, the upper end of the four unlocking plates at the top is connected with the top plate, and the lower end is connected with the connecting column on the topmost base plate through the waist-shaped hole, the upper end of each of the unlocking plates is connected with the base plate above, and the lower end is connected with the connecting column on the base plate below through the waist-shaped hole.

[0026] The top plate is provided with four unlocking plates between the uppermost substrate and each two adjacent substrates, and a connecting column is integrally formed at the circumferential corner of each substrate. The upper end of the four substrates is bolted to the top plate, and the lower end is connected to the connecting column through a waist-shaped hole formed along the length direction of the connecting column. The upper end of each unlocking plate between the remaining substrates is bolted to the substrate above, and the lower end is connected to the connecting column on the substrate below through the waist-shaped hole. Thus, when the top plate and each substrate are pressed down, each unlocking plate can contact the outer wall of the supporting rod and push it inward after being guided by the connecting column and the waist-shaped hole.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the buffer device of the elevator has the following advantages:

[0028] Firstly, the buffer device buffers the impact force when the car falls through a plurality of elastic members. The unlocking plate and the limiting rod assembly on the substrate make the buffer device buffer in stages from top to bottom. The compression spring in the upper support seat and the elastic pin cooperate with the limiting hole in the lower support seat, so that each group of elastic members will not be elastically stretched after bearing the impact force, thereby avoiding the elevator car being lifted again, and ensuring higher safety of the elevator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the buffer device.

[0030] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the multi-layer combination of the buffer device.

[0031] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the multi-layer combination of the buffer device installed in the base.

[0032] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the multi-layer combination of the buffer device installed in the base and under pressure.

[0033] Figure 5 is a sectional view and a local enlarged view of the spring, the upper support seat and the lower support seat.

[0034] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the upper support seat.

[0035] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the lower support seat

[0036] Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the limiting pin.

[0037] Figure 9 is a structural diagram of the limiting rod assembly.

[0038] Figure 10 is a structural diagram of the base.

[0039] Figure 11 is a structural diagram of a substrate.

[0040] In the figure, 1, base; 11, limiting groove; 111, abutting surface; 2, elastic member; 21, buffer spring; 3, substrate; 31, limiting rod assembly; 311, support rod; 3111, roller; 312, limiting column; 313, pull rod; 3131, sliding guide block; 32, unlocking plate; 321, waist-shaped hole; 33, side plate; 34, connecting column; 4, upper support seat; 41, fixed block; 411, mounting groove; 4111, compression spring; 4112, limiting pin; 42, connecting hole; 5, lower support seat; 51, sliding groove; 511, limiting hole; 6, gap; 7, top plate; 8, bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following is a specific embodiment of the present application and further describes the technical solutions of the present application in conjunction with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0042] As Figures 1-4 shown, the buffer device of the present elevator includes four groups of elastic members 2 arranged vertically and capable of extending and retracting in the vertical direction, each group of elastic members 2 including several buffer springs 21 arranged in a square matrix, a cuboid-shaped substrate 3 being provided between every two adjacent groups of elastic members 2, a cuboid-shaped top plate 7 being provided above the top group of elastic members 2, and a cuboid-shaped bottom plate 8 being provided below the bottom group of elastic members 2, a hollow column-shaped upper support seat 4 and a hollow column-shaped lower support seat 5 being provided in each buffer spring 21, the lower end of the upper support seat 4 being inserted into the upper end of the upper support seat 4, the upper end of the buffer spring 21 abutting against the upper end of the upper support seat 4, the lower end of the buffer spring 21 abutting against the lower end of the lower support seat 5, the uppermost upper support seat 4 abutting against the lower side of the top plate 7 and being fixed by bolts, the lowermost lower support seat 5 abutting against the upper side of the bottom plate 8 and being fixed by bolts, the upper end of each of the remaining upper support seats 4 abutting against the lower side of the substrate 3 above it and being fixed by bolts, and the lower end of each of the lower support seats 5 abutting against the upper side of the substrate 3 below it and being fixed by bolts.

[0043] In combination Figures 5-8, the inner wall of the lower support seat 5 is provided with a sliding groove 51 along the height direction, and the inner wall of the lower end of the sliding groove 51 is provided with two square hole-shaped limiting holes 511, the upper end of the side wall of the upper support seat 4 is provided with two square hole-shaped connecting holes 42 corresponding to each limiting hole 511, the bottom of the upper support seat 4 is provided with a fixed block 41, the side wall of the fixed block 41 is provided with two installation grooves 411 corresponding to the connecting holes 42, each installation groove 411 is provided with a compression spring 4111 and a limiting pin 4112, the compression spring 4111 is embedded in the installation groove 411, one end of the limiting pin 4112 is inserted into the installation groove 411 and abuts against the compression spring 4111, the other end passes through the connecting hole 42 and abuts against the inner wall of the sliding groove 51, in addition, in combination with Figure 8 , one end of each limiting pin 4112 towards the compression spring 4111 is cylindrical and has an outer diameter greater than the hole diameter of the connecting hole 42, and the other end away from the compression spring 4111 is quadrangular prism-shaped and has an outer diameter smaller than the hole diameter of the connecting hole 42.

[0044] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , each base plate 3 is integrally formed with a side plate 33 on both sides, the length of each base plate 3 gradually decreases from top to bottom, so that a gap 6 is formed between two adjacent side plates 33 on the same side, and each side plate 33 is provided with a limiting rod assembly 31 at both ends of the inner side wall, in combination with Figure 9 , each limiting rod assembly 31 is located in the gap 6, and each limiting rod assembly 31 includes a support rod 311, a limiting column 312, and a pull rod 313, the support rod 311 and the pull rod 313 are hinged to the inner side wall of the side plate 33, the limiting column 312 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the side plate 33, one end of the pull rod 313 can abut against the limiting column 312 after rotating a certain angle clockwise around the hinge, and the other end is hinged with a sliding guide block 3131, the outer end of the support rod 311 is hinged with a roller 3111, and the sliding guide block 3131 is buckled on one end of the support rod 311 with the roller 3111, and the sliding guide block 3131 can slide along the outer wall of the support rod 311 when the support rod 311 rotates around the hinge, so as to guide and limit the support rod 311 through the pull rod 313.

[0045] In combination with Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 10 , the buffer device of the elevator further includes a base 1 fixed to the bottom of the elevator shaft and in the shape of U, the bottom plate 8 is fixed in the base 1 by bolts, the inner walls of the two sides of the base 1 are provided with a plurality of limiting grooves 11 spaced vertically, one side of each limiting groove 11 upwardly provided and the top of the base 1 are abutting surfaces 111, the one end of each support rod 311 with the roller 3111 corresponds to and abuts against the abutting surface 111, in addition, as Figure 1As shown, four long unlocking plates 32 are vertically arranged on each substrate 3, and a connecting column 34 is integrally formed at each circumferential corner of each substrate 3. The unlocking plate 32 is provided with a waist-shaped hole 321 along the length direction, and the unlocking plate 32 is slidably connected to the substrate 3 below through the waist-shaped hole 321 and the connecting column 34. The upper end of the unlocking plate 32 is fixed to the substrate 3 above by screwing. The uppermost unlocking plate 32 is fixed to the top plate 7 by screwing. During use, the unlocking plate 32 can be pushed downward. At this time, the lower end of the unlocking plate 32 can push the outer side wall of the support rod 311. In this state, the support rod 311 rotates counterclockwise around the hinge to separate the roller 3111 from the abutting surface 11.

[0046] Working principle: When the elevator car descends, it contacts the top plate 7. The stressed top plate 7 moves downward and drives the unlocking plate 32 to move downward. At this time, a group of elastic members 2 between the top plate 7 and the uppermost substrate 3 are stressed, so that the upper support seat 4 continuously extends into the lower support seat 5. In this state, the buffer spring 21 between the upper support seat 4 and the lower support seat 5 is continuously compressed. The elastic reaction force generated by the buffer spring 21 buffers the impact force of the elevator car to a certain extent. At the same time, when the buffer spring 21 is compressed to the limit, the connecting hole 42 on the upper support seat 4 is aligned with the limiting hole 511 on the lower support seat 5. The limiting compression spring 4111 in the limiting assembly passes through the connecting hole 42 and extends out of the limiting hole 511, so that the elastic reaction force of the buffer spring 21 cannot drive the upper support seat 4 and the lower support seat 5 to stretch. At the same time, the unlocking plate 32 pushes the support rod 311 to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge, so that the roller 3111 on the hinge rod is separated from the abutting surface 111 of the base 1. At this time, the uppermost substrate 3 is unlocked. When the uppermost substrate 3 is subjected to the impact force of the car, it moves towards the second substrate 3. A group of elastic members 2 between the uppermost substrate 3 and the second substrate 3 are stressed, so that the upper support seat 4 continuously extends into the lower support seat 5. In this state, the buffer spring 21 between the upper support seat 4 and the lower support seat 5 is continuously compressed. The elastic reaction force generated by the buffer spring 21 buffers the impact force of the elevator car to a certain extent. At the same time, when the buffer spring 21 is compressed to the limit, the connecting hole 42 on the upper support seat 4 is aligned with the limiting hole 511 on the lower support seat 5. The limiting compression spring 4111 in the limiting assembly passes through the connecting hole 42 and extends out of the limiting hole 511, so that the elastic reaction force of the buffer spring 21 cannot drive the upper support seat 4 and the lower support seat 5 to stretch. At the same time, the unlocking plate 32 on the uppermost substrate 3 pushes the support rod 311 to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge, so that the roller 3111 on the hinge rod is separated from the abutting surface 111 of the base 1. At this time, the uppermost substrate 3 is unlocked. Then the above working process is repeated to gradually buffer the impact force generated by the descending elevator car.

[0047] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of this application. Numerous modifications or adaptations will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art of this application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application as defined by the following claims.

[0048] Although the terms base 1, limiting groove 11, abutting surface 111, elastic member 2, buffer spring 21, base plate 3, limiting rod assembly 31, supporting rod 311, roller 3111, limiting column 312, pull rod 313, sliding guide block 3131, unlocking plate 32, waist-shaped hole 321, side plate 33, connecting column 34, upper supporting seat 4, fixing block 41, mounting groove 411, compression spring 4111, limiting pin 4112, connecting hole 42, lower supporting seat 5, sliding groove 51, limiting hole 511, gap 6, top plate 7, bottom plate 8, etc. are used more frequently herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the nature of the application; any interpretation of them as any kind of additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the application.

Claims

1. A buffer device of an elevator, comprising a base (1), at least three groups of elastic members (2) arranged vertically spaced apart in the base (1) and capable of vertically extending and contracting, characterized in that, Base plate (3) is arranged between every two adjacent elastic members, side of every base plate (3) is hingedly connected with limiting rod assembly (31) capable of tilting outward and downward abutting on base (1) to make base plate (3) be vertically limited, and every base plate (3) is vertically slidably connected with unlocking plate (32), when unlocking plate (32) slides downward, it can inwardly push limiting rod assembly (31) and make limiting rod assembly (31) separate from base (1), both sides of every base plate (3) are vertically provided with side plate (33), both ends of every side plate (33) are provided with limiting rod assembly (31), every limiting rod assembly (31) comprises support rod (311) hingedly connected on side plate (33), one end of support rod (311) is hingedly connected with roller (3111), base (1) is U-shaped, and a plurality of limiting grooves (11) are vertically and spaced apart provided on inner walls of both sides of base (1), abutting surface (111) for being used for abutting roller (3111) and being horizontally and upwardly arranged is formed on top of base (1) and inner wall of every limiting groove (11), when unlocking plate (32) moves downward and pushes support rod (311), support rod (311) rotates around hinge to make roller (3111) separate from abutting surface (111), every limiting rod assembly (31) further comprises limiting column (312) and pull rod (313), limiting column (312) is fixedly arranged on inner side wall of side plate (33), pull rod (313) is hingedly connected on inner side wall of side plate (33), one end of pull rod (313) is hingedly connected with sliding guide block (3131), sliding guide block (3131) is slidably buckled on one end of support rod (311) with roller (3111), when roller (3111) abuts against abutting surface (111), other end of pull rod (313) can abut against limiting column (312), lengths of every base plate (3) gradually decrease from top to bottom to form gap (6) between two adjacent side plates (33), limiting rod assembly (31) is located in gap (6), connecting column (34) is integrally formed on circumferential corner of every base plate (3), four unlocking plates (32) are arranged on every base plate (3), waist-shaped hole (321) is formed on unlocking plate (32) along length direction, upper ends of four unlocking plates (32) located at topmost position are fixedly connected with top plate (7), lower ends are slidably connected with connecting column (34) on base plate (3) located at topmost position through waist-shaped hole (321), upper ends of every unlocking plate (32) are fixedly connected with base plate (3) located above, and lower ends are slidably connected with connecting column (34) on base plate (3) located below through waist-shaped hole (321).

2. The buffer device of an elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that Every elastic member (2) comprises a plurality of buffer springs (21), every buffer spring (21) is internally provided with upper support seat (4) and lower support seat (5) which are telescopically connected, one end of buffer spring (21) is tightly abutted with upper support seat (4), and other end is tightly abutted with lower support seat (5).

3. A buffer device for an elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that The lower support base (5) is provided with a sliding groove (51) on the inner wall thereof along the height direction, the upper support base (4) is fixedly provided with a fixed block (41), the outer wall of the fixed block (41) is provided with a mounting groove (411), the mounting groove (411) is provided with a compression spring (4111) and a limiting pin (4112), one end of the compression spring (4111) abuts against the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove (411), the other end of the compression spring (4111) abuts against one end of the limiting pin (4112), the other end of the limiting pin (4112) penetrates through the upper support base (4) and abuts against the inner wall of the sliding groove (51), and the inner wall of the sliding groove (51) is provided with a limiting hole (511) for the limiting pin (4112) to extend out.

4. The buffer device of an elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that The fixed block (41) is fixed to the lower end of the upper support base (4), and the limiting hole (511) is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the sliding groove (51).

5. The elevator buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that The outer wall of the lower end of the upper support base (4) is provided with a connecting hole (42) for the limiting pin (4112) to penetrate through, the connecting hole (42) and the limiting hole (511) are both square holes, one end of the limiting pin (4112) facing the compression spring (4111) is in a cylindrical shape and has an outer diameter larger than the connecting hole (42), and the other end of the limiting pin (4112) away from the compression spring (4111) is in a quadrangular prism shape.

6. The elevator buffer device according to claim 5, characterized in that The buffer device further comprises a top plate (7) and a bottom plate (8), the upper support base (4) at the top is fixed to the lower side of the top plate (7), the remaining upper support bases (4) are correspondingly fixed to the lower sides of the base plates (3), the lower support base (5) at the bottom is fixed to the upper side of the bottom plate (8), and the remaining lower support bases (5) are correspondingly fixed to the upper sides of the base plates (3).

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