A Ship Sliding Bearing Load Testing and Shafting Condition Evaluation System and Method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ship shafting testing, and particularly to a ship sliding bearing load testing and shafting condition assessment system and method. The system includes a digital speed measurement device composed of a black-and-white striped reflective strip and a photoelectric converter, a laser displacement measurement device, an information acquisition PLC, a micro information processing system, and a load analysis and judgment digital twin. The method can obtain real-time information of the shaft section supported by the sliding bearing through a variety of signal sensors, can perform information acquisition and conversion through the PLC, can perform data processing through the micro information system, can manage knowledge and analysis methods through the digital twin, and can output the current load of the sliding bearing in real time and assist in judging the operating condition of the ship shafting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship shafting testing, and particularly to a system and method for testing the load of a ship sliding bearing and evaluating the state of the shafting. Background Art

[0002] The sliding support bearing is one of the key sub-components to ensure the normal operation of ship shafting, rotating machinery shafting, etc. For sliding support bearings, the existing technology can only measure the force load under static conditions, and then correspond to the static alignment state of the shafting; there is no means and device for online real-time testing of the real-time load of sliding support bearings.

[0003] Each support bearing in the ship shafting usually adopts a sliding bearing. To ensure the operation state of the shafting, reasonable alignment of the shafting will be carried out during initial installation to ensure that the force on each bearing is at a reasonable level. However, after the shafting has been running for some time, due to different wear degrees of each sliding bearing, the operation state of the shafting changes greatly. And the real-time load of the sliding support bearing contains very rich information. If the real-time load of each sliding bearing can be obtained, information such as the bearing wear state and the shafting operation state can be obtained according to the force model, which can be used to evaluate and judge whether the shafting operation state is reasonable.

[0004] The existing ship shafting testing technology cannot accurately measure the real-time dynamic load of ship sliding support bearings, and lacks means for evaluating the operation state of ship shafting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a system and method for testing the load of a ship sliding bearing and evaluating the state of the shafting, which can accurately measure the real-time load of a ship sliding support bearing and evaluate and judge the operation state of the ship shafting.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A system for testing the load of a ship sliding bearing and evaluating the state of the shafting includes a signal acquisition device 1, a PLC controller 2, and a microcomputer 3. The signal acquisition device 1 is composed of a digital speed measurement device 4, a plurality of black and white stripe reflectors 5, and two laser displacement measurement devices 6. The microcomputer 3 is provided with a shafting state auxiliary judgment digital twin body module 7 and a shafting state auxiliary judgment software system 8;

[0008] Among them, the multiple black-and-white striped reflective strips 5 are evenly pasted on the surface of the to-be-tested rotating shaft at intervals along the circumferential direction. The digital rotational speed measuring device 4 is arranged on one side of the to-be-tested rotating shaft through a fixed bracket. The digital rotational speed measuring device 4 includes an induction probe and a photoelectric converter. The induction probe is facing the black-and-white striped reflective strip 5. The induction probe identifies the change in the reflectance rate of the black-and-white striped reflective strip and outputs the corresponding change time difference signal to the photoelectric converter. The photoelectric converter is used to convert the change time difference signal into the instantaneous rotational speed of the rotating shaft and send it to the PLC controller 2;

[0009] The two laser displacement measuring devices 6 are arranged at a 90-degree angle on one side of the to-be-tested rotating shaft to obtain the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals when the to-be-tested rotating shaft rotates;

[0010] The PLC controller 2 is used to receive and process the signals transmitted by the signal acquisition device 1 and output the processing result to the shafting state auxiliary judgment software system 8;

[0011] The shafting state auxiliary judgment digital twin module 7 is used to store the design parameters, simulation calculation data, static mass of the shaft section, and state judgment digital twin model of the to-be-tested rotating shaft and the sliding support bearing, and transmit the stored data to the shafting state auxiliary judgment software system 8 in real time;

[0012] The shafting state auxiliary judgment software system 8 is used to receive and process the information transmitted by the PLC controller 2 and the shafting state auxiliary judgment digital twin module 7, obtain the real-time load of the sliding support bearing 10, and output the operation state evaluation result of the to-be-tested rotating shaft 9.

[0013] Further, the state judgment digital twin model is provided with a self-learning module. The self-learning module is used to compare and verify the evaluation result with the actual measurement data and correct and update the state judgment digital twin model.

[0014] Further, the microcomputer 3 is equipped with a supporting physical medium for data storage and data display.

[0015] A method for testing the load of a marine sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting state, based on the above-mentioned system, includes the following steps:

[0016] S1, establish a state judgment digital twin model according to the design parameters and simulation calculation data of the to-be-tested rotating shaft and the sliding support bearing;

[0017] S2, obtain the instantaneous rotational speed of the to-be-tested rotating shaft through the digital rotational speed measuring device;

[0018] S3, obtain the dynamic force of the sliding support bearing according to the instantaneous rotational speed combined with the static mass of the shaft section;

[0019] S4. Obtain the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals during the rotation of the shaft to be measured through a laser displacement measuring device;

[0020] S5. Obtain the distribution of the shaft center locus according to the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals in combination with the shaft center locus calculation algorithm;

[0021] S6. Obtain the static force of the sliding bearing according to the shaft center locus distribution in combination with the simulation calculation data of the sliding bearing;

[0022] S7. Obtain the real-time load of the sliding bearing according to the dynamic force and the static force in combination with the design parameters of the sliding bearing;

[0023] S8. Compare the data obtained in steps S2 to S7 with the state judgment digital twin model to evaluate the operating state of the shaft to be measured.

[0024] Further, in step S1, the design parameters specifically include: the dimension information, installation position information, working condition information, and wear degree information of the shaft to be measured and the sliding bearing.

[0025] Further, in step S1, the acquisition method of the simulation calculation data is specifically as follows: establish a physical model of the shaft to be measured and the sliding bearing according to the design parameters, and perform mechanical finite element simulation through finite element analysis software to obtain the simulation calculation data.

[0026] Further, in step S2, the acquisition method of the instantaneous rotational speed is specifically as follows: measure the time difference of the reflection signals between the black and white reflective strips pasted on the shaft section through an induction probe, and then convert it through an optoelectronic converter to obtain the instantaneous rotational speed.

[0027] Further, in step S3, the dynamic force of the sliding bearing is specifically the centrifugal force during the rotation of the shaft.

[0028] Further, in step S5, the shaft center locus calculation algorithm includes the following steps:

[0029] S51. Synthesize the lateral displacement signal and the longitudinal displacement signal of the shaft to be measured into an overall displacement signal;

[0030] S52. Resample the overall displacement signal from an equal time interval signal to an equal angle interval signal according to the instantaneous rotational speed of the shaft to be measured;

[0031] S53. Separate the AC value and the DC value of the equal angle interval signal to obtain the unfiltered locus map data;

[0032] S54. Extract the amplitudes and phases of the equally-angularly-spaced signals in stages to obtain the filtered locus map data;

[0033] S55. Combine the filtered and unfiltered locus map data;

[0034] S56. Buffer the signals to display the historical locus data and the current locus data, obtaining the shaft center locus distribution.

[0035] The present invention has the following main advantages compared with the prior art:

[0036] 1. This application includes a digital rotational speed measurement device composed of black and white stripe reflective strips and a photoelectric converter, a laser displacement measurement device, an information acquisition PLC, a micro information processing system, and a load analysis and judgment digital twin. It can obtain the real-time information of the shaft section supported by the sliding bearing through a variety of signal sensors, can perform information acquisition and conversion through the PLC, can perform data processing through the micro information system, can manage knowledge and analysis methods through the digital twin, and can output the current load of the sliding bearing in real time and assist in judging the operating state of the ship shafting;

[0037] 2. The device adopted in this application can obtain the time difference of the reflection signals between each black and white stripe of the rotating shaft according to the evenly-spaced reflective strips and the photoelectric signal generators pasted on the shaft section, and then obtain the real-time instantaneous rotational speed of the ship shafting through the corresponding algorithm. Combining with the static mass stored in the digital twin, the magnitude of the real-time rotational centrifugal force can be obtained;

[0038] 3. This application arranges 2 laser displacement sensors with an included angle of 90 degrees in the cross-section perpendicular to the axis to obtain the distance change between the shaft surface of the shafting where the sliding bearing is located and the fixed position during rotation, and then can obtain the real-time shaft center locus distribution by using the invented algorithm;

[0039] 4. This application constructs the corresponding digital twin through the provided algorithm tool, and according to the real-time characteristic parameters of the ship shafting operation such as the analyzed instantaneous rotational speed, shaft center locus, and applied centrifugal force, can obtain the real-time support load of the sliding bearing by using the program algorithm built in the digital twin;

[0040] 5. This application establishes a digital twin for comprehensive analysis, can obtain the corresponding state auxiliary judgment results in real time according to various state parameters of the measured system, and the digital twin has calculation analysis and self-learning capabilities, and can perform learning and deduction according to the acquired data and combined with the subsequent verification conclusions. Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the ship sliding bearing load test and shafting state evaluation system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the sliding support bearing to be measured in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 Force diagram of the sliding support bearing to be measured in the embodiment of the present invention under different states;

[0044] Figure 4 Flow chart of the method for testing the load of the ship sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting state of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 Flow chart of self-learning correction of the state judgment digital twin model of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 Flow chart of the axis locus calculation algorithm of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: 1. Signal acquisition device; 2. PLC controller; 3. Microcomputer; 4. Digital speed measurement device; 5. Black and white stripe reflective strip; 6. Laser displacement measurement device; 7. Shafting state auxiliary judgment digital twin module; 8. Shafting state auxiliary judgment software system; 9. Rotating shaft to be measured; 10. Sliding support bearing. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0049] It should be noted that according to the needs of implementation, the various steps / components described in this application can be split into more steps / components, or two or more steps / components or partial operations of steps / components can be combined into new steps / components to achieve the objectives of the present invention.

[0050] I. A system for testing the load of a ship sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting state

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, a system for testing the load of a ship sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting state according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a signal acquisition device 1, a PLC controller 2 and a microcomputer 3.

[0052] Among them, the signal acquisition device 1 is composed of a digital speed measurement device 4, a plurality of black and white stripe reflective strips 5 and two laser displacement measurement devices 6, and the microcomputer 3 is provided with a shafting state auxiliary judgment digital twin module 7 and a shafting state auxiliary judgment software system 8.

[0053] Specifically:

[0054] The multiple black-and-white striped reflective strips 5 are evenly pasted on the surface of the to-be-tested rotating shaft at circumferential intervals, and the black-and-white striped reflective strips rotate together with the shaft during the rotation of the shaft;

[0055] The digital rotational speed measuring device 4 is arranged on one side of the to-be-tested rotating shaft through a fixed bracket. The digital rotational speed measuring device 4 includes an induction probe and an optoelectronic converter; the induction probe faces the black-and-white striped reflective strip 5, is used to identify the change in the reflectance rate of the black-and-white striped reflective strip and output the corresponding change time difference signal to the optoelectronic converter, and the optoelectronic converter is used to convert the change time difference signal into the instantaneous rotational speed of the rotating shaft;

[0056] The two laser displacement measuring devices 6 are arranged at a 90-degree angle on one side of the to-be-tested rotating shaft and are used to obtain the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals when the to-be-tested rotating shaft rotates;

[0057] The PLC controller 2 is used to receive and process the signals transmitted by the signal acquisition device 1 and output the processing result to the shafting state auxiliary judgment software system 8; (The PLC acquisition system adopts a configuration design and supports dynamically adding new measuring points)

[0058] The shafting state auxiliary judgment digital twin module 7 is used to store the design parameters, simulation calculation data, static mass of the shaft section, and state judgment digital twin model of the to-be-tested rotating shaft and the sliding support bearing, and transmit the stored data to the shafting state auxiliary judgment software system 8 in real time;

[0059] The shafting state auxiliary judgment software system 8 is used to receive and process the information transmitted by the PLC controller 2 and the shafting state auxiliary judgment digital twin module 7, obtain the real-time load of the sliding support bearing 10, and output the operation state evaluation result of the to-be-tested rotating shaft 9.

[0060] The shafting state auxiliary judgment digital twin and the shafting state auxiliary judgment software system are run on the microcomputer 3, and a physical medium for data storage and data display is provided for them.

[0061] As Figure 2 shown, the sliding bearing is an important component of the rotor system and is a bearing that works under sliding friction contact. According to the different directions of the loads borne by the sliding bearing, it can be divided into a radial sliding bearing, a thrust sliding bearing, and a radial thrust bearing. The radial sliding bearing only bears radial loads, the thrust bearing only bears axial loads, and the radial thrust bearing bears both radial and axial loads. Compared with the other two types of sliding bearings, the force is more complex. The sliding surface of the sliding bearing needs to be lubricated with lubricating oil. The lubricating oil flows into the gap between the support bearing and the rotating shaft from the lubricating oil hole, and this gap will change with the change of the bearing load.

[0062] As Figure 3 shown, the sliding bearing not only plays a role in supporting the rotation of the rotating shaft in the shafting system, but also has a great influence on the dynamic characteristics of the rotating shaft during rotation. When the shafting is operating, the damping effect of the sliding bearing can ensure the stable rotation of the rotating shaft. Compared with the rigid support, the elastic support of the sliding bearing will also make the actual critical speed of the rotating shaft much smaller. Under the operating state of the shafting, the sliding bearing generally has three motion states, namely, the stationary state, the static balance state, and the unstable state.

[0063] II. A Method for Testing the Load of a Ship's Sliding Bearing and Evaluating the State of the Shafting

[0064] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for testing the load of a ship's sliding bearing and evaluating the state of the shafting. Based on the system described above, as Figure 4 shown, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] S1. Establish a state judgment digital twin model according to the design parameters and simulation calculation data of the rotating shaft to be measured and the sliding support bearing;

[0066] S2. Obtain the instantaneous speed of the rotating shaft to be measured through a digital speed measuring device;

[0067] S3. Obtain the dynamic force of the sliding support bearing according to the instantaneous speed and the static mass of the shaft section;

[0068] S4. Obtain the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals of the rotating shaft to be measured during rotation through a laser displacement measuring device;

[0069] S5. Obtain the distribution of the shaft center trajectory according to the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals and the shaft center trajectory calculation algorithm;

[0070] S6. Obtain the static force of the sliding support bearing according to the distribution of the shaft center trajectory and the simulation calculation data of the sliding support bearing;

[0071] S7. Obtain the real-time load of the sliding support bearing according to the dynamic force and the static force and the design parameters of the sliding support bearing;

[0072] S8. Compare the data obtained in steps S2 to S7 with the state judgment digital twin model to evaluate the operating state of the rotating shaft to be measured.

[0073] Furthermore, a method and system software for assisting in constructing a digital twin of the operating state of the shafting are designed in the invention. Based on the graphical modeling method, the software can automatically transfer the design parameters of the ship shafting to the relevant finite element analysis software system to calculate and analyze the center orbit during the operation of the shafting and the changes in the load characteristics of the sliding bearings under different working conditions, different installation positions of the sliding bearings, and different wear degrees of the ship shafting, etc. And it can automatically obtain the finite element analysis results, store the input and output in the form of knowledge bases, neural networks, etc., and construct the corresponding state judgment digital twin. During the actual operation process, the twin can automatically update the twin adaptively according to the verified input / output relationship.

[0074] Furthermore, in step S1, the design parameters specifically include: the size information, installation position information, working condition information, and wear degree information of the shaft to be measured and the sliding support bearing.

[0075] Furthermore, in step S1, the specific way to obtain the simulation calculation data is: establish a physical model of the shaft to be measured and the sliding support bearing according to the design parameters, and perform mechanical finite element simulation through finite element analysis software to obtain the simulation calculation data.

[0076] Furthermore, in step S2, the specific way to obtain the instantaneous rotational speed is: measure the time difference of the reflection signals between the black and white reflective strips pasted on the shaft section through an induction probe, and then convert it through an optoelectronic converter to obtain the instantaneous rotational speed.

[0077] Furthermore, in step S3, the dynamic force of the sliding support bearing is specifically the centrifugal force when the shaft rotates.

[0078] As Figure 5 shown, the state judgment digital twin model is provided with a self-learning module, and the self-learning module is used to compare and verify the evaluation result with the actual measurement data, and correct and update the state judgment digital twin model;

[0079] Specifically: construct the corresponding digital twin through the provided algorithm tool, which can calculate and analyze characteristic parameters such as instantaneous rotational speed, center orbit, and real-time centrifugal force according to the obtained signals. Then use the program algorithm built in the digital twin to obtain the real-time load of the bearing. Then, according to the real-time load of the obtained bearing, the initial parameters of the system, the operating parameters such as the rotational speed of the measured system, etc., through the comprehensive analysis of the established digital twin, obtain the corresponding state judgment result in real time. Finally, according to the actual measurement data and the verified data after state evaluation, through the calculation analysis and self-learning module of the digital twin, perform learning and deduction to improve the state evaluation accuracy after the environmental conditions change.

[0080] As Figure 6As shown, the axis orbit calculation algorithm includes the following steps:

[0081] S51, synthesize the lateral displacement signal and the longitudinal displacement signal of the rotating shaft to be measured into an overall displacement signal;

[0082] S52, according to the instantaneous rotational speed of the rotating shaft to be measured, resample the overall displacement signal from an equal time interval signal to an equal angle interval signal;

[0083] S53, separate the AC value and the DC value of the equal angle interval signal to obtain unfiltered orbit diagram data;

[0084] S54, extract the amplitude and phase of the equal angle interval signal in stages to obtain filtered orbit diagram data;

[0085] S55, merge the filtered and unfiltered orbit diagram data;

[0086] S56, buffer the signal to display historical orbit data and current orbit data to obtain the axis orbit distribution.

[0087] At the same time, the axis orbit refers to the movement track of the axis system in the plane perpendicular to its axis relative to the bearing housing when the axis system rotates. Due to reasons such as eccentricity and asymmetry of the rotating mass, the axis system vibrates under the excitation, and its axis moves in the plane perpendicular to the axis. The axis orbit diagram can vividly reflect the vibration situation of the axis system, contains rich information, and many mechanical faults can be reflected through the axis orbit. For a rotating axis system, the axis orbit diagram can more vividly and intuitively reflect the movement situation of the axis than amplitude and frequency curves, etc. Through the axis orbit, the working condition of the axis system, the stability of the bearing, and the lubrication condition of the bearing can be understood. In the present invention, two sensors are arranged at 90 degrees to each other in the plane perpendicular to the axis, and the axis orbit diagram is synthesized through software processing.

[0088] To sum up:

[0089] 1. This application includes a digital rotational speed measurement device composed of black and white striped reflective strips and a photoelectric converter, a laser displacement measurement device, an information acquisition PLC, a micro information processing system, and a load analysis and judgment digital twin. It can obtain real-time information of the shaft section supported by the sliding bearing through various signal sensors, can perform information acquisition and conversion through the PLC, can perform data processing through the micro information system, can manage knowledge and analysis methods through the digital twin, and can output the current load of the sliding bearing in real time and assist in judging the operating state of the ship shaft system;

[0090] 2. The device adopted in this application can obtain the time difference of the reflection signals of the rotating shaft between each black and white stripe based on the evenly spaced reflective strips and photoelectric signal generators pasted on the shaft section, and then obtain the real-time instantaneous rotational speed of the ship shafting through the corresponding algorithm. Combining with the static mass stored in the digital twin, the magnitude of the real-time rotational centrifugal force can be obtained;

[0091] 3. This application arranges 2 laser displacement sensors with an included angle of 90 degrees in the cross-section perpendicular to the axis to obtain the change in the distance between the shaft surface of the shafting where the sliding bearing is located and the fixed position during rotation, and then can obtain the real-time distribution of the shaft center trajectory by using the invented algorithm;

[0092] 4. This application constructs the corresponding digital twin through the provided algorithm tool, and based on the real-time characteristic parameters of the ship shafting operation such as the analyzed instantaneous rotational speed, shaft center trajectory, and applied centrifugal force, the real-time support load of the sliding bearing can be obtained by using the program algorithm built in the digital twin;

[0093] 5. This application establishes a digital twin for comprehensive analysis, can obtain the corresponding state auxiliary judgment results in real time according to various state parameters of the measured system, and the digital twin has the capabilities of calculation analysis and self-learning, and can perform learning and deduction based on the acquired data and combined with the subsequent verification conclusions.

[0094] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A load test and shafting condition assessment system for marine sliding bearings, characterized in that, it includes a signal acquisition device (1), a PLC controller (2) and a microcomputer (3). The signal acquisition device (1) consists of a digital speed measurement device (4), a plurality of black-and-white striped reflective strips (5) and two laser displacement measurement devices (6). An auxiliary shafting condition judgment digital twin module (7) and an auxiliary shafting condition judgment software system (8) are provided in the microcomputer (3); wherein, the plurality of black-and-white striped reflective strips (5) are evenly pasted on the surface of the shaft to be measured at circumferential intervals. The digital speed measurement device (4) is arranged on one side of the shaft to be measured through a fixed bracket. The digital speed measurement device (4) includes an induction probe and an optoelectronic converter. The induction probe faces the black-and-white striped reflective strip (5). The induction probe identifies the change in the reflectance rate of the black-and-white striped reflective strip and outputs the corresponding change time difference signal to the optoelectronic converter. The optoelectronic converter is used to convert the change time difference signal into the instantaneous speed of the shaft. According to the instantaneous speed and the static mass of the shaft section, the dynamic force of the sliding support bearing is obtained and sent to the PLC controller (2); the two laser displacement measurement devices (6) are arranged at a 90-degree angle on one side of the shaft to be measured, and are used to obtain the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals when the shaft to be measured rotates. According to the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals and the center orbit calculation algorithm, the center orbit distribution is obtained. According to the center orbit distribution and the simulation calculation data of the sliding support bearing, the static force of the sliding support bearing is obtained; the PLC controller (2) is used to receive and process the signals transmitted by the signal acquisition device (1), and output the processing result to the auxiliary shafting condition judgment software system (8); the auxiliary shafting condition judgment digital twin module (7) is used to store the design parameters, simulation calculation data, static mass of the shaft section, and condition judgment digital twin model of the shaft to be measured and the sliding support bearing, and transmit the stored data to the auxiliary shafting condition judgment software system (8) in real time; the auxiliary shafting condition judgment software system (8) is used to receive and process the information transmitted by the PLC controller (2) and the auxiliary shafting condition judgment digital twin module (7). According to the dynamic force and the static force and the design parameters of the sliding support bearing, the real-time load of the sliding support bearing (10) is obtained, and the operation condition assessment result of the shaft to be measured (9) is output.

2. The load test and shafting condition assessment system for marine sliding bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, the condition judgment digital twin model is provided with a self-learning module, and the self-learning module is used to compare and verify the assessment result with the actual measurement data, and correct and update the condition judgment digital twin model.

3. The load test and shafting condition assessment system for marine sliding bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, the microcomputer (3) is provided with a supporting physical medium for data storage and data display.

4. A method for testing the load of a marine sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting condition, based on the system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: S1. Establish a state judgment digital twin model according to the design parameters and simulation calculation data of the shaft to be measured and the sliding support bearing; S2. Obtain the instantaneous speed of the shaft to be measured through a digital speed measuring device; S3. Obtain the dynamic force of the sliding support bearing according to the instantaneous speed in combination with the static mass of the shaft section; S4. Obtain the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals of the shaft to be measured during rotation through a laser displacement measuring device; S5. Obtain the distribution of the shaft center locus according to the lateral and longitudinal displacement signals in combination with the shaft center locus calculation algorithm; S6. Obtain the static force of the sliding support bearing according to the distribution of the shaft center locus in combination with the simulation calculation data of the sliding support bearing; S7. Obtain the real-time load of the sliding support bearing according to the dynamic force and the static force in combination with the design parameters of the sliding support bearing; S8. Compare the data obtained in steps S2 to S7 with the state judgment digital twin model to evaluate the operating state of the shaft to be measured.

5. A method for testing the load of a marine sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting condition according to claim 4, characterized in that in step S1, the design parameters specifically include: the size information, installation position information, working condition information, and wear degree information of the shaft to be measured and the sliding support bearing.

6. A method for testing the load of a marine sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting condition according to claim 4, characterized in that in step S1, the acquisition method of the simulation calculation data is specifically: establish a physical model of the shaft to be measured and the sliding support bearing according to the design parameters, and perform mechanical finite element simulation through finite element analysis software to obtain the simulation calculation data.

7. A method for testing the load of a marine sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting condition according to claim 4, characterized in that in step S2, the acquisition method of the instantaneous speed is specifically: measure the time difference of the reflection signals between the black and white reflective strips pasted on the shaft section through an induction probe, and then convert it through an optoelectronic converter to obtain the instantaneous speed.

8. A method for testing the load of a marine sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting condition according to claim 4, characterized in that in step S3, the dynamic force of the sliding support bearing is specifically the centrifugal force during the rotation of the shaft.

9. A method for testing the load of a marine sliding bearing and evaluating the shafting condition according to claim 4, characterized in that in step S5, the shaft center locus calculation algorithm includes the following steps: S51. Synthesize the lateral displacement signal and the longitudinal displacement signal of the shaft to be measured into an overall displacement signal; S52. Resample the overall displacement signal from an equal time interval signal to an equal angle interval signal according to the instantaneous speed of the shaft to be measured; S53. Separate the AC value and DC value of the equal angle interval signal to obtain unfiltered locus map data; S54. Extract the amplitude and phase of the equal angle interval signal in stages to obtain filtered locus map data; S55. Combine the filtered and unfiltered locus map data; S56, buffer the signals to display historical trajectory data and current trajectory data, and obtain the shaft center orbit distribution.

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