An automatic switching method for lightning arresters

Abstract

The present invention discloses a grounding wire switching switch structure for an automatic switching method of a lightning arrester, which includes a contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing and a stopper. An upper grounding wire terminal is installed through the top of the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing, a lower grounding wire terminal is installed through the outer wall of the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing, and a bolt is installed on the outer wall of the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing. The present invention can realize the automatic switching function by adopting a new switching structure. The control system uses a chip program control. After the program starts, the first step is to initialize the program, and the second step is to measure the grounding wire current value in real time through the TA, and judge whether the TA measurement value is greater than the set current value. If the current duration is greater than the set time, the driving motor is triggered to rotate forward, and it is detected in real time whether the lower limit switch is triggered. If the lower limit switch is not triggered, the driving motor continues to rotate forward, otherwise the driving motor is triggered to rotate in reverse to realize automatic switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution network protection control, and specifically to an automatic switching method for lightning arresters. Background Art

[0002] Lightning arresters installed on distribution lines may experience breakdown short circuits and open circuits due to aging and other reasons, resulting in the failure of overvoltage protection and lightning protection for the protected equipment or feeders, threatening the safe operation of equipment and lines. Currently, in the 10kV distribution network, the lightning arresters used are mainly inspected by operation and maintenance personnel, problems are checked one by one for each pole tower, and the lightning arresters are replaced manually during power outage or switched manually.

[0003] The defects of the existing lightning arrester switching methods are as follows:

[0004] 1. Patent document CN111740398A discloses a bidirectional controllable lightning arrester and its control method. "The bidirectional controllable lightning arrester includes a lightning arrester body, a power electronic switch module, a voltage detection module, and a control module; the lightning arrester body includes a first lightning arrester unit and a second lightning arrester unit connected in series; the power electronic switch module includes a diode rectifier bridge unit and an IGBT, which are connected in parallel; the power electronic switch module is connected in parallel with the first lightning arrester unit or the second lightning arrester unit; the voltage detection module is used to detect the voltage of the lightning arrester body; the control module is sampled and connected to the voltage detection module and is controlled to connect the power electronic module. In the bidirectional controllable lightning arrester of the present invention, when the voltage detection module detects that the voltage of the lightning arrester body is too high, the IGBT in the power electronic switch module is controlled by the control module to conduct or turn off, and the first lightning arrester unit or the second lightning arrester unit is put into or cut off, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the voltage across the lightning arrester body";

[0005] 2. Patent document CN108448534A discloses a control method for a controllable lightning arrester. "The controllable lightning arrester is composed of two parts, a controllable part and a fixed part, connected in series; the controllable part is switched by a control switch connected in parallel to its two ends. When the control switch is closed, the controllable part exits, and when the control switch is opened, the controllable part is put into operation; the control method is: perform live detection of the line, and control the opening and closing of the control switch connected in parallel to the controllable part according to the detection result, so that the putting into and withdrawal of the controllable part automatically cooperate with the opening and closing operations of the line switch; at the same time, the operating state of the control switch connected in parallel to the controllable part is monitored in real time. When the control switch fails, a linkage operation is performed on the line switch. The present invention also correspondingly proposes a control system for a controllable lightning arrester. The present invention can decouple the control system of the controllable part of the controllable lightning arrester from the control system of the line switch, and at the same time improve the logical reliability of the controllable part to lock the closing of the line switch, and reduce the intervention of operating personnel";

[0006] 3. Patent document CN206726874U discloses a single-phase lightning arrester switching device, "belonging to the technical field of lightning arresters. The technical solution is as follows: It includes a U-shaped angle steel mounting base (1), a zinc oxide lightning arrester (2), a silicone insulator (3), a switching pull ring (6), an isolating knife copper body (7) and a rivet (12). The zinc oxide lightning arrester (2) and the silicone insulator (3) are arranged on the U-shaped angle steel mounting base (1). The zinc oxide lightning arrester (2) and the silicone insulator (3) are respectively connected to the isolating knife copper body (7). The switching pull ring (6) is connected to the isolating knife copper body (7) through the rivet (12). The silicone insulator and the zinc oxide lightning arrester are combined into one, and a copper hanging wire bolt for measurement is added at the upper port of the lightning arrester, which provides great convenience for the ground measurement of the lightning arrester. Its structure is simple, easy to operate, convenient for overhauling and replacing the lightning arrester, and reduces the product cost and the workload of maintenance.";

[0007] In summary, due to the lack of obvious appearance changes in the breakdown and short-circuit faults of lightning arresters, it brings great difficulties to the operation and maintenance of the distribution network, and the power supply service quality is seriously affected. If the MOA faults cannot be detected and eliminated in time and are allowed to develop, power outages and equipment damage will occur, causing economic losses and adverse social impacts;

[0008] The automatic detection technology and device for lightning arrester faults and the automatic switching technology and device for the lightning arrester body will improve the lean operation and maintenance level of the distribution network, online monitor the operation status of the lightning arrester, and can locate the fault point in time when the lightning arrester fails, realize replacement without power outage, and reduce economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for automatic switching of lightning arresters to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A grounding wire switching switch structure for an automatic switching method of a lightning arrester, including a contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing and a stop block. An upper grounding wire terminal is installed through the top of the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing. A lower grounding wire terminal is installed through the outer wall of the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing. A plug pin is installed on the outer wall of the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing. One end of the plug pin is installed with a lever through a shaft. A lever support is installed on the outer wall of the lever through a shaft. A tripping electromagnet is installed at the bottom of the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing. A tripping and closing electromagnet power line is installed on the outer wall of the tripping electromagnet. A stop block is installed on the outer wall of the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing. A moving contact lead soft wire is installed on the outer wall of the lower grounding wire terminal and is located inside the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing. A compression spring is installed on the outer wall of the stop block. A static contact is installed at the top of the contact opening and closing chamber insulating housing. A moving contact is installed at the top of the stop block. A moving contact fixing bolt is installed on the outer wall of the moving contact. A moving contact insulating slider is installed at the bottom of the stop block;

[0011] A contact breaking driving pressure rod is installed on the outer wall of the stop block. A fixed rotating shaft is installed on the outer wall of the contact breaking driving pressure rod through a shaft. An adjustment slide rail is installed on the outer wall of the fixed rotating shaft through a shaft. A driven arm is installed on the outer wall of the fixed rotating shaft through a shaft. A limit switch is installed at one end of the driven arm. A driving arm is installed at one end of the fixed rotating shaft. A sector gear plate is installed at one end of the driving arm. The sector gear plate is meshed and installed with a worm gear. The outer wall of the worm gear is meshed and installed with a worm. A driving motor is installed at one end of the worm;

[0012] Preferably, it includes program initialization S1, measuring current value S2, judging current value S3, time judgment S4 and detection S5. It is characterized in that: When the automatic switching starts to be used, program initialization S1 is first carried out. The measuring current value S2 contains a measuring structure TA. When the current duration measured by TA is greater than the set time, the driving motor is driven to reverse through the triggering structure. After the driving motor reverses, it is detected in real time whether the upper limit switch is triggered. If the upper limit switch is not triggered, the driving motor continues to reverse, otherwise the driving motor stops. The detection S5 includes a grounding wire switching switch K. The contact to be closed in the grounding wire switching switch K is queried, and then the corresponding tripping electromagnet is triggered. Next, the grounding wire current will continue to be measured by TA and the foregoing program flow will be repeated.

[0013] Preferably, the TA in the measuring current value S2 measures the current value of the grounding wire and records the current duration.

[0014] Preferably, the determination current value S3 compares with the current value measured by the TA to determine whether the TA measurement value is greater than the set current value. If the measurement value is not greater than the set value, continue the measurement. If the measurement value is greater than the set value, record the current duration, and determine whether the current duration is greater than the set time. If the current duration is not greater than the set time, continue to measure the grounding wire current value.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. The present invention can achieve an automatic switching function by adopting a new switching structure. The control system uses a chip program control, and the program control flowchart is shown in the right figure. After the program starts, the first step is to initialize the program. The second step is to measure the grounding wire current value through the TA in real time, and determine whether the TA measurement value is greater than the set current value. If the measurement value is not greater than the set value, continue the measurement. If the measurement value is greater than the set value, record the current duration, and determine whether the current duration is greater than the set time. If the current duration is not greater than the set time, continue to measure the grounding wire current value. If the current duration is greater than the set time, trigger the driving motor to rotate forward, and detect in real time whether the lower limit switch is triggered. If the lower limit switch is not triggered, the driving motor continues to rotate forward, otherwise trigger the driving motor to rotate backward; after the driving motor rotates backward, detect in real time whether the upper limit switch is triggered. If the upper limit switch is not triggered, the driving motor continues to rotate backward, otherwise the driving motor stops; the next step is to query the contact to be closed in the grounding wire changeover switch K, and then trigger the corresponding release electromagnet; the next step will continue to measure the grounding wire current through the TA and repeat the above program flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the program flowchart of the automatic switching type lightning arrester control system of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is the circuit schematic diagram of the automatic switching type lightning arrester of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is the internal structure diagram of the contact closing position in the contact opening and closing chamber of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is the side view of the contact opening position in the contact opening and closing chamber of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is the contact breaking driving part of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 is the structure diagram of the cooperation relationship between the contact opening and closing chamber (contact breaking position) and the contact breaking driving system of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Upper grounding wire terminal; 2. Insulating housing of the contact opening and closing chamber; 3. Stationary contact; 4. Moving contact fixing bolt; 5. Power supply wire of the trip and closing electromagnet; 6. Trip electromagnet; 7. Compression spring; 8. Insulating slider of the moving contact; 9. Stop block; 10. Moving contact; 11. Lower grounding wire terminal; 12. Lever; 13. Pin; 14. Lever support; 15. Flexible wire for leading out the moving contact; 16. Driving lever for contact breaking; 17. Driven arm; 18. Limit switch; 19. Worm; 20. Driving motor; 21. Worm gear; 22. Sector gear plate; 23. Driving arm; 24. Fixed rotating shaft; 25. Adjusting slide rail. Detailed implementation mode

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0027] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6, an embodiment provided by the present invention: an automatic switching method for a lightning arrester, including program initialization S1, measuring current value S2, determining current value S3, time determination S4, and detection S5. When the automatic switching starts to be used, program initialization S1 is first performed. The measuring current value S2 includes a measuring structure TA. The TA in the measuring current value S2 measures the current value of the grounding wire and records the current duration. The determining current value S3 judges the current value measured by the TA to determine whether the TA measurement value is greater than the set current value. If the measurement value is not greater than the set value, continue to measure. If the measurement value is greater than the set value, record the current duration and judge whether the current duration is greater than the set time. If the current duration is not greater than the set time, continue to measure the grounding wire current value. When the current duration measured by the TA is greater than the set time, the trigger structure is used to drive the motor to reverse. After the motor reverses, it is detected in real time whether the upper limit switch is triggered. If the upper limit switch is not triggered, the motor continues to reverse, otherwise the motor stops. The detection S5 includes a grounding wire changeover switch K. Query the contacts to be closed in the grounding wire changeover switch K, and then trigger the corresponding trip electromagnet. Next, continue to measure the grounding wire current through the TA and repeat the above program flow.

[0028] Further, it includes a contact separating and closing chamber insulating housing 2 and a stop block 9. An upper grounding wire terminal 1 is installed through the top of the contact separating and closing chamber insulating housing 2. A lower grounding wire terminal 11 is installed through the outer wall of the contact separating and closing chamber insulating housing 2. A plug pin 13 is installed on the outer wall of the contact separating and closing chamber insulating housing 2. One end of the plug pin 13 is installed with a lever 12 through a shaft. A lever support 14 is installed on the outer wall of the lever 12 through a shaft. A trip electromagnet 6 is installed at the bottom of the contact separating and closing chamber insulating housing 2. A trip closing electromagnet power supply wire 5 is installed on the outer wall of the trip electromagnet 6. A stop block 9 is installed on the outer wall of the contact separating and closing chamber insulating housing 2. A moving contact lead soft wire 15 is installed on the outer wall of the lower grounding wire terminal 11, and the moving contact lead soft wire 15 is located inside the contact separating and closing chamber insulating housing 2. A compression spring 7 is installed on the outer wall of the stop block 9. A static contact 3 is installed at the top of the contact separating and closing chamber insulating housing 2. A moving contact 10 is installed at the top of the stop block 9. A moving contact fixing bolt 4 is installed on the outer wall of the moving contact 10. A moving contact insulating slider 8 is installed at the bottom of the stop block 9.

[0029] Further, a contact breaking drive lever 16 is installed on the outer wall of the stopper 9. A fixed rotating shaft 24 is installed on the outer wall of the contact breaking drive lever 16 through a shaft. An adjustment slide rail 25 is installed on the outer wall of the fixed rotating shaft 24 through a shaft. A driven arm 17 is installed on the outer wall of the fixed rotating shaft 24 through a shaft. A limit switch 18 is installed at one end of the driven arm 17. A driving arm 23 is installed at one end of the fixed rotating shaft 24. A sector gear plate 22 is installed at one end of the driving arm 23. The sector gear plate 22 is meshed with a worm gear 21. A worm 19 is meshed with the outer wall of the worm gear 21. A driving motor 20 is installed at one end of the worm 19.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: An automatic switching lightning arrester is composed of a lightning arrester body (the number of lightning arrester bodies can be increased or decreased, and 3 are taken as an example for illustration in the figure, and the lightning arrester bodies are respectively denoted as M1, M2, and M3) and a ground wire switching switch (the blue dotted line box area, denoted as K). Each lightning arrester body has a high-voltage side wiring terminal and a lower wiring terminal; the high-voltage side wiring terminals of all lightning arrester bodies are connected to point A in the figure, and point A is connected to the protected line or equipment; the lower wiring terminal of each lightning arrester is respectively connected to the upper ground wire wiring terminals a1, a2, and a3 of the ground wire switching switch K, and the lower ground wire wiring terminals g1, g2, and g3 of the ground wire switching switch K are grounded through a grounding conductor (or ground wire); a current measurement module (denoted as TA) is connected in series on the grounding conductor (or ground wire); the ground wire switching switch K is composed of three pairs of contacts (respectively denoted as K1, K2, and K3);

[0031] The A terminal of the automatic switching lightning arrester is connected in parallel to the protected line or equipment, and the G terminal is grounded. One pair of contacts in the grounding wire change-over switch K is in the closed state (such as contact K1 being closed), and the other contacts are open (such as contacts K2 and K3 being open). When a lightning wave invades the protected line or equipment, the lightning arrester body M1 is in the conducting state, and the lightning current flows through point A, the lightning arrester body M1, contact K1 of the grounding wire change-over switch K, and into the ground G. At this time, the TA measures a short-term large current. When operating normally, the lightning arrester body M1 is in a high-resistance state, and the current flowing through point A, the lightning arrester body M1, contact K1 of the grounding wire change-over switch K, and into the ground G is very small. At this time, the current value measured by the TA is also very small. When the lightning arrester body M1 has a breakdown fault, the lightning arrester body M1 is in a low-resistance state, and the current flowing through point A, the lightning arrester body M1, contact K1 of the grounding wire change-over switch K, and into the ground G is relatively large. At this time, the current value measured by the TA is also relatively large. At this time, contact K1 of the grounding wire change-over switch K is separated, and contact K2 of the grounding wire change-over switch K is closed, so that the operating lightning arrester body is switched from the faulty lightning arrester body M1 to the normal lightning arrester body M2. Similarly, when the lightning arrester body M2 has a breakdown fault, the lightning arrester body M2 is in a low-resistance state, and the current flowing through point A, the lightning arrester body M2, contact K2 of the grounding wire change-over switch K, and into the ground G is relatively large. At this time, the current value measured by the TA is also relatively large. At this time, contact K2 of the grounding wire change-over switch K is separated, and contact K3 of the grounding wire change-over switch K is closed, so that the operating lightning arrester body is switched from the faulty lightning arrester body M2 to the normal lightning arrester body M3. Thus, automatic detection and switching are realized after the operating lightning arrester body fails.

[0032] For the working principle, the control system uses chip program control. After the program starts, the first step is to initialize the program. The second step is to measure the grounding wire current value in real time through the TA, and judge whether the measured value by the TA is greater than the set current value. If the measured value is not greater than the set value, continue to measure. If the measured value is greater than the set value, record the current duration, and judge whether the current duration is greater than the set time. If the current duration is not greater than the set time, continue to measure the grounding wire current value. If the current duration is greater than the set time, trigger the driving motor to rotate forward, and detect in real time whether the lower limit switch is triggered. If the lower limit switch is not triggered, the driving motor continues to rotate forward, otherwise trigger the driving motor to rotate backward. After the driving motor rotates backward, detect in real time whether the upper limit switch is triggered. If the upper limit switch is not triggered, the driving motor continues to rotate backward, otherwise the driving motor stops. The next step is to query the contacts to be closed in the grounding wire change-over switch K, and then trigger the corresponding release electromagnet. The next step will continue to measure the grounding wire current through the TA and repeat the above program flow.

[0033] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in all respects, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. Ground wire switching structure for an automatic switching method of a lightning arrester, characterized in that: It includes the insulating housing (2) of the contact opening and closing chamber and the stop block (9). The upper ground wire terminal (1) is installed through the top of the insulating housing (2) of the contact opening and closing chamber. The lower ground wire terminal (11) is installed through the outer wall of the insulating housing (2) of the contact opening and closing chamber. The plug pin (13) is installed on the outer wall of the insulating housing (2) of the contact opening and closing chamber. One end of the plug pin (13) is installed with a lever (12) through a shaft. The lever support (14) is installed on the outer wall of the lever (12) through a shaft. The release electromagnet (6) is installed at the bottom of the insulating housing (2) of the contact opening and closing chamber. The release closing electromagnet power cord (5) is installed on the outer wall of the release electromagnet (6). The stop block (9) is installed on the outer wall of the insulating housing (2) of the contact opening and closing chamber. The moving contact lead soft wire (15) is installed on the outer wall of the lower ground wire terminal (11), and the moving contact lead soft wire (15) is located inside the insulating housing (2) of the contact opening and closing chamber. The compression spring (7) is installed on the outer wall of the stop block (9). The static contact (3) is installed at the top of the insulating housing (2) of the contact opening and closing chamber. The moving contact (10) is installed at the top of the stop block (9). The moving contact fixing bolt (4) is installed on the outer wall of the moving contact (10). The moving contact insulating slider (8) is installed at the bottom of the stop block (9). The contact breaking drive pressure rod (16) is installed on the outer wall of the stop block (9). The fixed rotating shaft (24) is installed on the outer wall of the contact breaking drive pressure rod (16) through a shaft. The adjustment slide rail (25) is installed on the outer wall of the fixed rotating shaft (24) through a shaft. The driven arm (17) is installed on the outer wall of the fixed rotating shaft (24) through a shaft. The limit switch (18) is installed at one end of the driven arm (17). The driving arm (23) is installed at one end of the fixed rotating shaft (24). The sector gear plate (22) is installed at one end of the driving arm (23). The worm gear (21) is installed in meshing with the sector gear plate (22). The worm (19) is installed in meshing with the outer wall of the worm gear (21). The driving motor (20) is installed at one end of the worm (19).

2. A method for automatic switching of lightning arresters, applicable to the grounding wire switching switch structure of the method for automatic switching of lightning arresters described in claim 1, includes program initialization S1, measurement of current value S2, determination of current value S3, time determination S4, and detection S5, and is characterized in that: When the automatic switching starts to be used, the program is initialized first as S1. The measured current value S2 contains the measuring structure TA. When the current duration measured by TA is greater than the set time, the driving motor is driven to reverse through the trigger structure. After the driving motor reverses, it is detected in real time whether the upper limit switch is triggered. If the upper limit switch is not triggered, the driving motor continues to reverse, otherwise the driving motor stops. The detection S5 includes the ground wire changeover switch K. The contacts to be closed in the ground wire changeover switch K are queried, and then the corresponding release electromagnet is triggered. Next, the ground wire current will continue to be measured by TA and the foregoing program flow will be repeated.

3. The automatic switching method of a lightning arrester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The TA in the measured current value S2 measures the current value of the ground wire and records the current duration.

4. The automatic switching method of a lightning arrester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determined current value S3 is used to judge the current value measured by the TA, and determine whether the TA measurement value is greater than the set current value. If the measurement value is not greater than the set value, continue the measurement. If the measurement value is greater than the set value, record the current duration, and judge whether the current duration is greater than the set time. If the current duration is not greater than the set time, continue to measure the grounding wire current value.

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