Energy recovery boosting device and fuel cell energy recovery system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an energy recovery and lifting device, comprising a shell, a partition assembly, and a hydrogen-oxygen reactor. When the energy recovery and lifting device of the embodiment of the present invention is in use, the tail gas outlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device, the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the outlet of the air compressor, the low-temperature and high-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the inlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack; the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the tail gas outlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack; and the high-temperature and low-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the inlet of the expander. The energy recovery and lifting device of the embodiment of the present invention makes full use of the waste energy of the fuel cell system to increase the internal energy of the exhaust gas, thereby achieving more energy recovery and improving the utilization rate of the tail gas outlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to an energy recovery and enhancement device and a fuel cell energy recovery system. Background Art

[0002] As the power levels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells continue to increase, the residual energy carried in the tail exhaust of the fuel cell stack is becoming increasingly significant. Recycling this energy can not only improve the efficiency of the fuel cell cathode side and the entire system, but also have a positive impact on system size reduction and overall power density optimization. Due to the inherent operating conditions of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the exhaust temperature of the fuel cell stack generally does not exceed 100°C. Therefore, the internal energy of the tail exhaust cannot match that of the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. Not only can it not fully meet the energy consumption requirements of the compressor, but its contribution to the improvement of system efficiency is also very limited, generally not exceeding 5%.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate of the exhaust gas outlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an energy recovery and improvement device and a fuel cell energy recovery system to improve the utilization rate of the tail gas outlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an energy recovery and lifting device, comprising a housing, a baffle assembly, and an oxyhydrogen reactor, wherein:

[0007] The shell is provided with a high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet, a low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet, a low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet, a high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet and a waste hydrogen gas inlet;

[0008] The partition assembly is arranged inside the shell and divides the inside of the shell into a high-temperature air cooling chamber, a low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber for heat exchange with the high-temperature air cooling chamber, and a hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber with a catalyst coated on the surface.

[0009] The first end of the high-temperature air cooling cavity is in communication with the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet, and the second end of the high-temperature air cooling cavity is in communication with the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet;

[0010] The first end of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is connected to the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet, and the second end of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is connected to the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber; the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet to transport the waste hydrogen gas to the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber;

[0011] The hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber is connected to the high-temperature low-pressure air outlet, and the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is arranged in the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber to discharge the high-temperature mixed gas generated after the redox reaction from the high-temperature low-pressure air outlet.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, the partition assembly includes a first partition, a second partition, a third partition, a fourth partition, and a fifth partition, wherein:

[0013] The first baffle and the second baffle form a hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber with an opening according to a first preset trajectory, and the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is fixed on the second baffle and connected to the high-temperature low-pressure air outlet;

[0014] The third baffle and the fourth baffle extend from the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet to the opening of the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber according to the second preset trajectory, and the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is enclosed between the third baffle and the fourth baffle;

[0015] The fifth partition plate surrounds the third partition plate and the fourth partition plate according to a third preset trajectory, and a high-temperature air cooling cavity is formed between the fifth partition plate and the first partition plate, the third partition plate and the fourth partition plate.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, the third partition and the fourth partition are serpentine structures, the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber is serpentine structure, and the fourth partition forms a depression of the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber.

[0017] In some possible embodiments, a low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is connected to the drain outlet to discharge the separated liquid water through the drain outlet; a hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber is connected to the drain outlet to discharge the liquid water separated after the redox reaction through the drain outlet.

[0018] In some possible embodiments, the partition assembly includes a sixth partition, a seventh partition, an eighth partition, and a ninth partition, wherein:

[0019] The sixth baffle forms a hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber according to the fourth preset trajectory. The main body of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is fixed to the sixth baffle. The air inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is connected to the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber, and the exhaust port of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is connected to the high-temperature low-pressure air outlet.

[0020] The seventh and eighth baffles extend from the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet to the sixth baffle according to the fifth preset trajectory, and a low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is enclosed between the seventh and eighth baffles. Heat exchange is performed between the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber and the high-temperature air cooling chamber through the seventh and eighth baffles.

[0021] The ninth partition surrounds the seventh partition and the eighth partition according to the sixth preset trajectory, and a high-temperature air cooling cavity is formed between the ninth partition and the sixth partition, the seventh partition and the eighth partition.

[0022] In some possible embodiments, a tenth partition is further included, which separates the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet from the low-temperature gas-heated water separation chamber, and the exhaust port of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor passes through the tenth partition and is connected to the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet.

[0023] In some possible embodiments, a water collecting chamber is further included, and the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber are both connected to the drainage outlet through the water collecting chamber.

[0024] In some possible embodiments, the sixth partition is provided with a first drainage hole communicating with the water collecting chamber.

[0025] In some possible embodiments, the seventh partition and the eighth partition are serpentine structures, the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber is serpentine structure, and the eighth partition forms a depression of the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber.

[0026] In some possible embodiments, the bent portion of the eighth partition is provided with a second drainage hole communicating with the water collecting chamber.

[0027] In some possible embodiments, the high temperature and high pressure air inlet and the high temperature and low pressure air outlet are located at the first end of the shell, and the low temperature and high pressure air outlet and the low temperature and low pressure air inlet are located at the second end of the shell.

[0028] In some possible embodiments, the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber further includes a front water diversion chamber, and the front water diversion chamber is connected to the low-temperature low-pressure air inlet as a first end of the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber;

[0029] The baffle assembly includes a plurality of eleventh baffles staggeredly arranged in the front water diversion cavity to form a serpentine structure.

[0030] In some possible embodiments, the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber is located in the middle of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber.

[0031] In some possible embodiments, the shell also has a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet; the energy recovery and lifting device also includes a coolant cooling chamber for heat exchange with the high-temperature air cooling chamber, the first end of the coolant cooling chamber is connected to the coolant inlet, and the second end of the coolant cooling chamber is connected to the coolant outlet.

[0032] In some possible embodiments, the coolant cooling cavity is arranged close to the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell energy recovery system, comprising a fuel cell, a motor, an air compressor, an expander, and an energy recovery and enhancement device as described above, wherein:

[0034] The rotor of the motor is connected to the air compressor to drive the air compressor to operate;

[0035] The power output end of the expander is connected to the rotor of the motor to drive the rotor of the motor to rotate;

[0036] The tail gas outlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device, the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the outlet of the air compressor, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the inlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack; the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the tail gas outlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack; the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the inlet of the expander.

[0037] In some possible embodiments, the fuel cell energy recovery system further includes a shut-off valve provided at the low-temperature high-pressure air outlet of the energy recovery and enhancement device and the cathode side inlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0038] In some possible embodiments, the fuel cell energy recovery system further includes a hydrogen exhaust valve provided at the waste hydrogen gas inlet of the energy recovery and enhancement device and the tail gas outlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack.

[0039] In some possible embodiments, the fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a hydrogen bottle connected to the anode side inlet of the fuel cell stack, wherein a pressure reducing valve is provided between the hydrogen bottle and the anode side inlet of the fuel cell stack to regulate the hydrogen pressure between the hydrogen bottle and the anode side inlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0040] In some possible embodiments, the fuel cell energy recovery system further includes a hydrogen circulation pump, the inlet of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected to the exhaust gas outlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack, and the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected to the inlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack.

[0041] In some possible embodiments, the fuel cell energy recovery system further includes an exhaust pipe, which is connected to a drainage outlet of the energy recovery and lifting device and an air outlet of the expander.

[0042] It can be seen from the above technical solution that when the energy recovery and lifting device of the embodiment of the present invention is in use, the exhaust gas outlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device, the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the outlet of the air compressor, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the inlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack; the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the exhaust gas outlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack; and the high-temperature and low-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the inlet of the expander.

[0043] The high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged from the air compressor enters the high-temperature and high-pressure air cooling chamber from the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet. The high-temperature air cooling chamber can transfer the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber, thereby achieving cooling to meet the temperature requirements of the cathode side inlet of the fuel cell stack, and then discharged from the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet into the cathode side inlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0044] Low-temperature, low-pressure air discharged from the cathode-side tail gas outlet of the stack enters the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber through the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet. There, it absorbs heat and heats up. Simultaneously, liquid water in the chamber is separated and discharged through the drain outlet. The low-pressure air, having undergone primary heating, leaves the chamber and enters the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber.

[0045] The hydrogen-containing waste gas from the anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell stack enters the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber through the waste hydrogen gas inlet. There, a redox reaction occurs with the oxygen in the low-pressure air that has undergone primary heating, under the action of a catalyst. This reaction generates heat and liquid water. The heat is used to raise the temperature of the mixed gas. The liquid water is separated by a water separation structure and discharged through the drain outlet. The low-pressure air temperature is further increased after secondary heating, and is discharged through the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet. It then enters the expander for energy recovery. The expander converts the kinetic energy and internal energy of the gas into mechanical energy for the motor rotor, which is then transferred to the motor, reducing the motor's electrical energy consumption for compressing the air.

[0046] It can be seen that the energy recovery and enhancement device of the embodiment of the present invention fully utilizes the waste energy of the fuel cell system to increase the internal energy of the exhaust gas, thereby achieving more energy recovery and improving the utilization rate of the exhaust gas outlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without inventive work, and the present invention can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on the provided drawings. Unless otherwise apparent from the language context or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0048] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy recovery and lifting device provided as an example of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the gas flow of an energy recovery and lifting device provided as an example of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell energy recovery system provided as an example of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another energy recovery and lifting device provided as an example of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of gas flow in another energy recovery and lifting device provided as an example of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell energy recovery system provided as an example of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 A perspective schematic diagram of a third energy recovery and lifting device provided as an example of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the gas flow of a third energy recovery and lifting device provided as an example of the present invention;

[0056] Among them, 10 is an energy recovery and lifting device, 20 is a fuel cell, 30 is an air compressor, 31 is an air filter / muffler, 40 is a motor, 50 is an expander, 60 is a hydrogen circulation pump, 70 is a hydrogen bottle, 80 is an exhaust pipe, 91 is a stop valve, 92 is a hydrogen discharge valve, 93 is a pressure reducing valve, 20a is the cathode side exhaust outlet of the stack, 20b is the cathode side inlet of the stack, 20c is the anode side exhaust outlet of the stack, and 20d is the anode side inlet of the stack;

[0057] 100 is a shell, 200 is a baffle assembly, and 300 is a hydrogen-oxygen reactor;

[0058] 201 is the first partition plate, 202 is the second partition plate, 203 is the third partition plate, 204 is the fourth partition plate, 205 is the fifth partition plate, 206 is the sixth partition plate, 207 is the seventh partition plate, 208 is the eighth partition plate, 209 is the ninth partition plate, 210 is the tenth partition plate, and 211 is the eleventh partition plate;

[0059] a is the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet, b is the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet, c is the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet, d is the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet, e is the waste hydrogen gas inlet, f is the drainage outlet, g is the first drainage hole, h is the second drainage hole, i is the coolant inlet, and j is the coolant outlet; Ⅰ is the high-temperature air cooling chamber, Ⅱ is the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber, Ⅲ is the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber, Ⅳ is the water collection chamber, and Ⅴ is the coolant cooling chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to explain the relevant invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The embodiments described are merely some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] The most common energy recovery method for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is an expander. This involves passing the exhaust gas from the fuel cell stack through a centrifugal, screw, or Roots-type expander. This process converts the gas's internal energy into rotor kinetic energy by driving the impeller, thereby reducing the amount of parasitic power required. However, due to the inherent operating conditions of PEMFCs, the stack's exhaust temperature typically does not exceed 100°C. Therefore, the exhaust's internal energy cannot match that of an internal combustion engine's exhaust. This not only fails to fully meet the compressor's energy requirements, but also contributes only a limited amount to system efficiency, typically exceeding 5%. Furthermore, the high pressure ratio required by fuel cell stacks can push compressed gas temperatures upwards of 250°C, requiring an intercooler to cool the gas before entering the stack. Current systems are complex, with numerous components and low integration levels. Furthermore, the exhaust gas often contains a significant amount of liquid water, which can cause impact corrosion on the high-speed impellers of centrifugal compressors, reducing product reliability. Water separators or filtration components are typically required to remove some of this liquid water, but a completely water-free system currently lacks a cost-effective and reliable method. Finally, there is still a certain amount of hydrogen in the anode tail row that has not been fully utilized. Directly discharging it into the outside world may cause the local hydrogen concentration to be too high, which is also a waste.

[0062] The present invention provides an energy recovery and enhancement device to improve the utilization rate of the tail gas outlet on the cathode side of a fuel cell stack. The device is described in detail below with reference to several embodiments.

[0063] See Figures 1 to 2 The energy recovery and lifting device 10 disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 100, a baffle assembly 200, and a hydrogen-oxygen reactor 300, wherein: the housing 100 has a high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a, a low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b, a low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet c, a high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet d, and a waste hydrogen gas inlet e; the baffle assembly 200 is disposed inside the housing 100 and divides the interior of the housing 100 into a high-temperature air cooling chamber I, a low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II for heat exchange with the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, and a hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III with a catalyst coated on its surface.

[0064] The first end of the high-temperature air cooling chamber I is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a, and the second end of the high-temperature air cooling chamber I is connected to the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b; the first end of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II is connected to the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet c, and the second end of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II is connected to the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III; the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet e to transport the waste hydrogen gas to the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III; the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III is connected to the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet d, and the hydrogen-oxygen reactor 300 is arranged in the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III to discharge the high-temperature mixed gas generated after the redox reaction from the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet d.

[0065] It can be seen from the above technical solution that when the energy recovery and lifting device 10 of the embodiment of the present invention is in use, the exhaust gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the fuel cell stack 20 is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet e of the energy recovery and lifting device 10, the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the outlet of the air compressor 30, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the inlet 20b on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 20; the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet c of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 20a on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 20; and the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet d of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the inlet of the expander 50.

[0066] The high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged from the air compressor 30 enters the high-temperature and high-pressure air cooling chamber I from the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a. The high-temperature air cooling chamber I can transfer the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, thereby achieving cooling to meet the temperature requirements of the cathode side inlet 20b of the fuel cell stack 20, and then discharged from the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b into the cathode side inlet 20b of the fuel cell stack.

[0067] Low-temperature, low-pressure air discharged from the cathode-side tail gas outlet 20a of the stack enters low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II through low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet c. There, it absorbs heat and heats up. Simultaneously, liquid water is separated from chamber II. The low-pressure air, having undergone primary heating, leaves chamber II and enters hydrogen-air reaction heating chamber III.

[0068] The hydrogen-containing waste gas discharged from the anode-side tail gas outlet 20c of the stack enters the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III through the waste hydrogen gas inlet e. There, a redox reaction occurs with the oxygen in the low-pressure air, which has undergone primary heating, under the action of a catalyst. This reaction generates heat and liquid water. The heat is used to raise the temperature of the mixed gas, and the liquid water is separated through the water separation structure. The low-pressure air, further heated by secondary heating, is then discharged through the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet d and enters the expander 50 for energy recovery. The expander 50 converts the kinetic energy and internal energy of the gas into mechanical energy for the rotor of the motor 40, which is then transferred to the motor 40, reducing the electrical energy consumed by the motor 40 during the air compression process.

[0069] First, the energy recovery and enhancement device 10 of the embodiment of the present invention makes full use of the waste energy of the fuel cell 20 system to increase the internal energy of the exhaust gas, thereby achieving more energy recovery and improving the utilization rate of the exhaust gas outlet 20a on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 20. Secondly, the device can efficiently remove liquid water in the exhaust gas to avoid early failure caused by impact on the surface of the high-speed rotor. Thirdly, the device integrates many functions, including heat generation, heat exchange, and water separation, and can simplify or weaken the demand for other components, such as intercoolers and water separators; and can be integrated with certain other components, such as air compressors 30, with flexible layout and high system integration. Finally, the present invention can further reduce the tail exhaust hydrogen concentration and improve the safety of the fuel cell 20 system in various application scenarios. The device is a structural mechanical part, does not contain any electrical control components, has zero power consumption, is easy to use, and has good durability.

[0070] It should be noted that the above-mentioned partition assembly 200 can cooperate with the shell 100 to form a high-temperature air cooling chamber I, a low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II and a hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III. As long as the structure can be divided into the above cavity structures and meets certain heat exchange requirements, it can be understood as the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] In the energy recovery and enhancement device 10 in the embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III are formed differently. Specifically, the baffle assembly 200 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a first baffle 206, a second baffle 207, a third baffle 208, a fourth baffle 209, and a fifth baffle 210, wherein: the first baffle 206 and the second baffle 207 enclose a hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III having an opening according to a first preset trajectory, and the hydrogen-oxygen reactor 300 is fixed to the second baffle 207 and communicates with the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet d; the third baffle 208 and the fourth baffle 209 extend from the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet c to the opening of the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III according to a second preset trajectory, and a low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II is enclosed between the third baffle 208 and the fourth baffle 209; the fifth baffle 210 surrounds the third baffle 208 and the fourth baffle 209 according to a third preset trajectory, and a high-temperature air cooling chamber I is enclosed between the fifth baffle 210 and the first baffle 206, the third baffle 208, and the fourth baffle 209.

[0072] It should be noted that the first, second, and third preset trajectories can be adjusted based on the specific structures of the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III. For example, if the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III are rectangular, the first, second, and third preset trajectories are straight lines. If the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III are curved, the first, second, and third preset trajectories are curved, such as serpentine curves.

[0073] In order to optimize the above technical solution, the third partition plate 208 and the fourth partition plate 209 are serpentine structures, the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II is serpentine structure, and the fourth partition plate 209 forms a depression in the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II.

[0074] The high temperature and high pressure air inlet a and the high temperature and low pressure air outlet d are located at the first end of the housing 100 , and the low temperature and high pressure air outlet b and the low temperature and low pressure air inlet c are located at the second end of the housing 100 .

[0075] See Figure 3An embodiment of the present invention further discloses a fuel cell energy recovery system, comprising a fuel cell 20, a motor 40, an air compressor 30, an expander 50, and an energy recovery and lifting device 10 as described above, wherein: the rotor of the motor 40 is connected to the air compressor 30 to drive the air compressor 30 to operate; the power output end of the expander 50 is connected to the rotor of the motor 40 to drive the rotor of the motor 40 to rotate; the tail gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the fuel cell stack 20 is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet e of the energy recovery and lifting device 10, the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the outlet of the air compressor 30, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the cathode side inlet 20b of the fuel cell stack 20; the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet c of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the tail gas outlet 20a on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 20; and the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet d of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the inlet of the expander 50.

[0076] When the fuel cell energy recovery system is working, the high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged by the air compressor 30 enters the high-temperature air cooling chamber I from the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a. The high-temperature air cooling chamber I is designed with a heat exchange structure, which can transfer the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, thereby achieving cooling to meet the inlet temperature requirements of the fuel cell stack, and then discharged from the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b into the cathode side inlet 20b of the fuel cell stack.

[0077] Low-temperature, low-pressure air discharged from the cathode-side tail gas outlet 20a of the stack enters the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet c through the low-temperature, low-pressure air heating chamber II. This chamber also incorporates a heat exchange structure, allowing the low-temperature, low-pressure air to absorb heat and increase its temperature. Furthermore, the flow path within this chamber is designed to separate liquid water. Liquid water contained in the low-temperature, low-pressure air is separated through deflection, cyclone separation, gravity settling, and filtration during its flow within the chamber. The low-pressure air, having undergone primary heating, then leaves the low-temperature, low-pressure heating chamber II and enters the hydrogen-air reaction heating chamber III.

[0078] The surface of hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III is coated with a catalyst, such as platinum (Pt), and is designed with a liquid water separation structure. Hydrogen-containing waste gas, discharged from the anode-side tail gas outlet 20c of the stack, enters hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III through the waste hydrogen gas inlet e. There, a redox reaction occurs with the oxygen in the low-pressure air that has undergone primary heating, under the action of the catalyst. This reaction generates heat and liquid water. The heat is used to raise the temperature of the mixed gas, and the liquid water is separated through the water separation structure. The low-pressure air, further heated by secondary heating, is discharged through the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet d and enters the expander 50 for energy recovery.

[0079] Furthermore, the fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a shut-off valve 91 provided between the low-temperature high-pressure air outlet b and the stack cathode side inlet 20b. The shut-off valve 91 is provided to control the conduction between the low-temperature high-pressure air outlet b and the stack cathode side inlet 20b.

[0080] The fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a hydrogen discharge valve 92 provided between the waste hydrogen gas inlet e and the tail gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the stack. The hydrogen discharge valve 92 is provided to control the conduction status between the waste hydrogen gas inlet e and the tail gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the stack.

[0081] In order to optimize the above technical solution and to replenish hydrogen to the fuel cell 20 in a timely manner, the fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a hydrogen bottle 70 connected to the anode side inlet 20d of the stack, wherein a pressure reducing valve 93 is provided between the hydrogen bottle 70 and the anode side inlet 20d of the stack to adjust the hydrogen pressure between the hydrogen bottle 70 and the anode side inlet 20d of the stack.

[0082] Furthermore, the fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a hydrogen circulation pump 60, the inlet of the hydrogen circulation pump 60 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the fuel cell stack, and the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump 60 is connected to the inlet 20d on the anode side of the fuel cell stack. When the hydrogen content in the exhaust gas at the exhaust gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the fuel cell stack is high, it can be directly replenished to the inlet 20d on the anode side of the fuel cell stack through the hydrogen circulation pump 60.

[0083] Furthermore, in order to reduce noise and filter air impurities entering the air compressor 30 , an air filter / muffler 31 is provided at the inlet of the air compressor 30 .

[0084] The high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged from the air compressor 30 enters the high-temperature and high-pressure air cooling chamber I from the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a. The high-temperature air cooling chamber I is designed with a heat exchange structure, which can transfer the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, thereby achieving cooling to meet the inlet temperature requirements of the fuel cell stack, and then discharged from the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b into the cathode side inlet 20b of the fuel cell stack.

[0085] Low-temperature, low-pressure air discharged from the cathode-side tail gas outlet 20a of the stack enters the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet c through the low-temperature, low-pressure air heating chamber II. This chamber also incorporates a heat exchange structure, allowing the low-temperature, low-pressure air to absorb heat and increase its temperature. Furthermore, the flow path within this chamber is designed to separate liquid water. Liquid water contained in the low-temperature, low-pressure air is separated through deflection, cyclone separation, gravity settling, and filtration during its flow within the chamber. The low-pressure air, having undergone primary heating, then leaves the low-temperature, low-pressure heating chamber II and enters the hydrogen-air reaction heating chamber III.

[0086] The surface of hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III is coated with a catalyst, such as platinum (Pt), and is designed with a liquid water separation structure. Hydrogen-containing waste gas, discharged from the anode-side tail gas outlet 20c of the stack, enters hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III through the waste hydrogen gas inlet e. There, a redox reaction occurs with the oxygen in the low-pressure air that has undergone primary heating, under the action of the catalyst. This reaction generates heat and liquid water. The heat is used to raise the temperature of the mixed gas, and the liquid water is separated through the water separation structure. The low-pressure air, further heated by secondary heating, is discharged through the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet d and enters the expander 50 for energy recovery.

[0087] See Figures 4 and 5 The present invention provides another energy recovery and lifting device 10. The housing 100 of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is further provided with a drain outlet f. The low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II is connected to the drain outlet f to discharge the separated liquid water through the drain outlet f. The hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III is also connected to the drain outlet f to discharge the liquid water separated after the redox reaction through the drain outlet f.

[0088] The baffle assembly 200 in the embodiment of the present invention includes a sixth baffle 201, a seventh baffle 202, an eighth baffle 203 and a ninth baffle 204, wherein: the sixth baffle 201 encloses a hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III according to the fourth preset trajectory, the main body of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor 300 is fixed on the sixth baffle 201, the air inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor 300 is connected to the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, and the exhaust port of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor 300 is connected to the high-temperature low-pressure air outlet d; the seventh baffle 202 and the eighth baffle 203 are arranged according to the fifth preset trajectory. Assume that the trajectory extends from the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet c to the sixth partition 201, and a low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II is enclosed between the seventh partition 202 and the eighth partition 203, and the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II and the high-temperature air cooling chamber I exchange heat through the seventh partition 202 and the eighth partition 203; the ninth partition 204 surrounds the seventh partition 202 and the eighth partition 203 according to the sixth preset trajectory, and a high-temperature air cooling chamber I is enclosed between the ninth partition 204 and the sixth partition 201, the seventh partition 202 and the eighth partition 203.

[0089] It should be noted that the fourth, fifth, and sixth preset trajectories can be adjusted based on the specific structures of the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III. For example, if the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III are rectangular, the fourth, fifth, and sixth preset trajectories are straight lines. If the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III are curved, the fourth, fifth, and sixth preset trajectories are curved, such as serpentine curves.

[0090] In order to improve the separation effect of liquid water, the partition assembly 200 of the embodiment of the present invention also includes a tenth partition 205, which separates the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet d from the low-temperature gas-heated water separation chamber II. The exhaust port of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor 300 passes through the tenth partition 205 and is connected to the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet d.

[0091] To optimize the above technical solution, the energy recovery and lifting device 10 of this embodiment of the present invention also includes a water collection chamber IV, through which both the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber II and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water diversion chamber III communicate with the drain outlet f. The sixth baffle 201 is provided with a first drain hole g communicating with the water collection chamber IV. When the seventh baffle 202 and the eighth baffle 203 form a serpentine structure, the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber II assumes a serpentine structure, and the eighth baffle 203 forms a depression within the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber II. The curved portion of the eighth baffle 203 is provided with a second drain hole h communicating with the water collection chamber IV.

[0092] In order to extend the heat exchange time of the high-temperature air cooling chamber I and the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a and the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet d are located at the first end of the shell 100, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b and the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet c are located at the second end of the shell 100.

[0093] See Figure 6 An embodiment of the present invention further discloses a fuel cell energy recovery system, comprising a fuel cell 20, a motor 40, an air compressor 30, an expander 50, and an energy recovery and lifting device 10 as described above, wherein: the rotor of the motor 40 is connected to the air compressor 30 to drive the air compressor 30 to operate; the power output end of the expander 50 is connected to the rotor of the motor 40 to drive the rotor of the motor 40 to rotate; the tail gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the fuel cell stack 20 is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet e of the energy recovery and lifting device 10, the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the outlet of the air compressor 30, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the cathode side inlet 20b of the fuel cell stack 20; the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet c of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the tail gas outlet 20a on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 20; and the high-temperature and low-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the inlet of the expander 50.

[0094] When the fuel cell energy recovery system is working, the high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged by the air compressor 30 enters the high-temperature air cooling chamber I from the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a. The high-temperature air cooling chamber I is designed with a heat exchange structure, which can transfer the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, thereby achieving cooling to meet the inlet temperature requirements of the fuel cell stack, and then discharged from the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b into the cathode side inlet 20b of the fuel cell stack.

[0095] Low-temperature, low-pressure air discharged from the cathode-side tail gas outlet 20a of the stack enters the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet c through the low-temperature, low-pressure air heating chamber II. This chamber also incorporates a heat exchange structure, allowing the low-temperature, low-pressure air to absorb heat and increase its temperature. Furthermore, the flow path within this chamber is designed to separate liquid water. Liquid water contained in the low-temperature, low-pressure air is separated through deflection, cyclone separation, gravity settling, and filtration as it flows through the chamber, and is discharged through the drainage outlet f. The low-pressure air, having undergone primary heating, leaves the low-temperature, low-pressure heating chamber II and enters the hydrogen-air reaction heating chamber III.

[0096] The surface of hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III is coated with a catalyst, such as platinum (Pt), and is designed with a liquid water separation structure. Hydrogen-containing waste gas, discharged from the anode-side tail gas outlet 20c of the stack, enters hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III through the waste hydrogen gas inlet e. There, a redox reaction occurs with the oxygen in the low-pressure air that has undergone primary heating, under the action of the catalyst. This reaction generates heat and liquid water. The heat is used to raise the temperature of the mixed gas, and the liquid water is separated by the water separation structure and discharged from the device through the drain outlet f. The low-pressure air, further heated by the secondary heating, is discharged through the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet d and enters the expander 50 for energy recovery.

[0097] Furthermore, the fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a shut-off valve 91 provided between the low-temperature high-pressure air outlet b and the stack cathode side inlet 20b. The shut-off valve 91 is provided to control the conduction between the low-temperature high-pressure air outlet b and the stack cathode side inlet 20b.

[0098] The fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a hydrogen discharge valve 92 provided between the waste hydrogen gas inlet e and the tail gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the stack. The hydrogen discharge valve 92 is provided to control the conduction status between the waste hydrogen gas inlet e and the tail gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the stack.

[0099] In order to optimize the above technical solution and to replenish hydrogen to the fuel cell 20 in a timely manner, the fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a hydrogen bottle 70 connected to the anode side inlet 20d of the stack, wherein a pressure reducing valve 93 is provided between the hydrogen bottle 70 and the anode side inlet 20d of the stack to adjust the hydrogen pressure between the hydrogen bottle 70 and the anode side inlet 20d of the stack.

[0100] Furthermore, the fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a hydrogen circulation pump 60, the inlet of the hydrogen circulation pump 60 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the fuel cell stack, and the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump 60 is connected to the inlet 20d on the anode side of the fuel cell stack. When the hydrogen content in the exhaust gas at the exhaust gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the fuel cell stack is high, it can be directly replenished to the inlet 20d on the anode side of the fuel cell stack through the hydrogen circulation pump 60.

[0101] The liquid water generated by the fuel cell energy recovery system can be discharged directly to the outside, and can also be discharged by setting an exhaust pipe 80. Specifically, the fuel cell energy recovery system also includes an exhaust pipe 80, which is connected to the drainage outlet f of the energy recovery lifting device 10 and the air outlet of the expander 50.

[0102] Furthermore, in order to reduce noise and filter air impurities entering the air compressor 30 , an air filter / muffler 31 is provided at the inlet of the air compressor 30 .

[0103] The fuel cell energy recovery system in the embodiment of the present invention differs from the recovery system disclosed in the embodiment only in the energy recovery and enhancement device 10. For other structures, reference can be made to the fuel cell energy recovery system disclosed in the first embodiment.

[0104] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 The high-temperature air cooling chamber I, low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber II, and hydrogen-air reaction heating water diversion chamber III of the energy recovery and boosting device 10 in the embodiment of the present invention are formed differently. For other structures, please refer to Examples 1, 2, and 3. Specifically, the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber II in the embodiment of the present invention also includes a pre-water diversion chamber, which serves as the first end of the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber II and communicates with the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet c. The baffle assembly 200 includes a plurality of eleventh baffles 211 staggered in the pre-water diversion chamber to form a serpentine structure.

[0105] In some possible embodiments, the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III is located in the middle of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II.

[0106] In some possible embodiments, the shell 100 also has a coolant inlet i and a coolant outlet j; the energy recovery and lifting device 10 also includes a coolant cooling chamber V for heat exchange with the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, the first end of the coolant cooling chamber V is connected to the coolant inlet i, and the second end of the coolant cooling chamber V is connected to the coolant outlet j.

[0107] In some possible embodiments, the coolant cooling chamber is arranged close to the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b.

[0108] The present invention provides a fuel cell energy recovery system, comprising a fuel cell 20, a motor 40, an air compressor 30, an expander 50, and an energy recovery and enhancement device 10 as described above, wherein:

[0109] The rotor of the motor 40 is connected to the air compressor 30 to drive the air compressor 30 to operate;

[0110] The power output end of the expander 50 is connected to the rotor of the motor 40 to drive the rotor of the motor 40 to rotate;

[0111] The exhaust gas outlet 20c on the anode side of the fuel cell stack 20 is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet e of the energy recovery and lifting device 10, the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the outlet of the air compressor 30, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the cathode side inlet 20b of the fuel cell stack 20; the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet c of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 20a on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 20; and the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet d of the energy recovery and lifting device 10 is connected to the inlet of the expander 50.

[0112] The fuel cell energy recovery system in the embodiment of the present invention differs from the recovery system disclosed in the above embodiments only in the energy recovery and enhancement device 10. For other structures, reference can be made to the fuel cell energy recovery system in the above embodiments.

[0113] Here's how it works:

[0114] The high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged from the air compressor 30 enters the high-temperature and high-pressure air cooling chamber I from the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet a. The high-temperature air cooling chamber I is designed with a heat exchange structure, which can transfer the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II, thereby achieving cooling to meet the inlet temperature requirements of the fuel cell stack, and then discharged from the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet b into the cathode side inlet 20b of the fuel cell stack.

[0115] Low-temperature, low-pressure air discharged from the cathode-side tail gas outlet 20a of the stack enters the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II through the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet c. This chamber II consists of two parts. The front half integrates a pre-water separator, which performs a primary water separation on the low-temperature, low-pressure air, initially removing some liquid water. The rear half integrates a heat exchange and water separation structure. The low-temperature, low-pressure air absorbs heat and heats up in the flow channel. Simultaneously, any residual liquid water in the low-temperature, low-pressure air is separated through deflection, cyclone separation, gravity settling, and filtration as it flows through the chamber, and is discharged through the drain outlet f. The low-pressure air, having undergone primary heating, leaves the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber II and enters the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III.

[0116] The coolant enters the coolant cooling chamber IV V from the coolant inlet. A heat exchange structure is designed in the coolant cooling chamber IV V to perform secondary cooling on the high-temperature and high-pressure air that has undergone primary cooling in the high-temperature air cooling chamber I, so that its temperature is reduced to meet the inlet temperature requirements of the fuel cell stack.

[0117] The surface of hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III is coated with a catalyst, such as platinum (Pt), and is designed with a liquid water separation structure. Hydrogen-containing waste gas, discharged from the anode-side tail gas outlet 20c of the stack, enters hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber III through the waste hydrogen gas inlet e. There, a redox reaction occurs with the oxygen in the low-pressure air that has undergone primary heating, under the action of the catalyst. This reaction generates heat and liquid water. The heat is used to raise the temperature of the mixed gas, and the liquid water is separated by the water separation structure and discharged from the device through the drain outlet f. The low-pressure air, further heated by the secondary heating, is discharged through the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet d and enters the expander 50 for energy recovery.

[0118] The functions of the water distributor and intercooler are integrated, which reduces the number of parts and matching interfaces and saves layout space.

[0119] The interface is designed as a sanitary connector, which can be directly connected to parts such as the air compressor 30 to avoid unnecessary pipe connections.

[0120] It should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0121] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "unit," and / or "module" used in the present invention are a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other terms can achieve the same purpose, the terms may be replaced by other expressions.

[0122] As used herein and in the claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the terms "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not intended to refer to the singular but may include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprise" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements specifically identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list; a method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. The phrase "comprises a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus that includes the elements.

[0123] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents or. For example, A / B can represent A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more than two.

[0124] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0125] Flowcharts are used in this disclosure to illustrate the operations performed by systems according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the preceding and following operations do not necessarily need to be performed in exact order. Instead, the steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more operations may be removed from these processes.

[0126] The above description is merely an illustration of preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. The scope of the invention is not limited to technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the aforementioned technical features. It also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the aforementioned technical features or their equivalents, without departing from the aforementioned inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the aforementioned features with (but not limited to) technical features having similar functions disclosed in this invention.

Claims

1. An energy recovery and lifting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a partition assembly and an oxygen-hydrogen reactor, wherein: The shell is provided with a high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet, a low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet, a low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet, a high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet and a waste hydrogen gas inlet; The partition assembly is arranged inside the shell and divides the inside of the shell into a high-temperature air cooling chamber, a low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber for heat exchange with the high-temperature air cooling chamber, and a hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber with a catalyst coated on the surface. The first end of the high-temperature air cooling cavity is in communication with the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet, and the second end of the high-temperature air cooling cavity is in communication with the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet; The first end of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is communicated with the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet, and the second end of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is communicated with the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber; the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is communicated with the waste hydrogen gas inlet to transport the waste hydrogen gas to the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber; the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber also includes a front water separation chamber, and the front water separation chamber serves as the first end of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber and is communicated with the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet; the baffle assembly includes a plurality of eleventh baffles staggered in the front water separation chamber to form a serpentine structure; The hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber is communicated with the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet, and the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is arranged in the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber to discharge the high-temperature mixed gas generated after the redox reaction from the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet; the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber is communicated with the drainage outlet to discharge the liquid water separated after the redox reaction from the drainage outlet.

2. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition assembly includes a first partition, a second partition, a third partition, a fourth partition and a fifth partition, wherein: The first baffle and the second baffle form the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber with an opening according to a first preset trajectory, and the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is fixed to the second baffle and communicated with the high-temperature low-pressure air outlet; The third baffle and the fourth baffle extend from the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet to the opening of the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber according to a second preset trajectory, and the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is enclosed between the third baffle and the fourth baffle; The fifth partition plate surrounds the third partition plate and the fourth partition plate according to a third preset trajectory, and the high-temperature air cooling chamber is formed between the fifth partition plate and the first partition plate, the third partition plate, and the fourth partition plate.

3. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third partition plate and the fourth partition plate are in a serpentine structure, the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber is in a serpentine structure, and the fourth partition plate forms a depression of the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber.

4. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a drain outlet arranged on the shell, and the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber is connected to the drain outlet to discharge the separated liquid water through the drain outlet; the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber is connected to the drain outlet to discharge the liquid water separated after the redox reaction from the drain outlet.

5. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition assembly includes a sixth partition, a seventh partition, an eighth partition and a ninth partition, wherein: The sixth baffle forms the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber along a fourth preset trajectory, the main body of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is fixed on the sixth baffle, the air inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is connected to the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber, and the exhaust port of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is connected to the high-temperature low-pressure air outlet; The seventh and eighth baffles extend from the low-temperature, low-pressure air inlet to the sixth baffle along a fifth preset trajectory, and the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber is enclosed between the seventh and eighth baffles. Heat exchange is performed between the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber and the high-temperature air cooling chamber via the seventh and eighth baffles. The ninth partition plate surrounds the seventh partition plate and the eighth partition plate according to a sixth preset trajectory, and the ninth partition plate, the sixth partition plate, the seventh partition plate, and the eighth partition plate form the high-temperature air cooling chamber.

6. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a tenth partition plate, which separates the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet from the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber, and the exhaust port of the hydrogen-oxygen reactor is connected to the high-temperature, low-pressure air outlet through the tenth partition plate.

7. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a water collecting chamber, and the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber and the hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber are both connected to the drainage outlet through the water collecting chamber.

8. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sixth partition plate is provided with a first drainage hole communicating with the water collecting chamber.

9. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The seventh partition plate and the eighth partition plate are in a serpentine structure, the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber is in a serpentine structure, and the eighth partition plate forms a depression of the low-temperature gas heating water diversion chamber.

10. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bent portion of the eighth partition is provided with a second drainage hole communicating with the water collecting chamber.

11. The energy recovery and lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet and the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet are located at a first end of the shell, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet and the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet are located at a second end of the shell.

12. The energy recovery and lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The hydrogen-air reaction heating water separation chamber is located in the middle of the low-temperature gas heating water separation chamber.

13. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The shell also has a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet; the energy recovery and lifting device also includes a coolant cooling chamber for heat exchange with the high-temperature air cooling chamber, the first end of the coolant cooling chamber is connected to the coolant inlet, and the second end of the coolant cooling chamber is connected to the coolant outlet.

14. The energy recovery and lifting device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The coolant cooling chamber is arranged close to the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet.

15. A fuel cell energy recovery system, characterized in that: The device comprises a fuel cell, a motor, an air compressor, an expander, and an energy recovery and lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The rotor of the motor is connected to the air compressor to drive the air compressor to operate; The power output end of the expander is connected to the rotor of the motor to drive the rotor of the motor to rotate; The tail gas outlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack is connected to the waste hydrogen gas inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device, the high-temperature and high-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the outlet of the air compressor, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air outlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the inlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack; the low-temperature and low-pressure air inlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the tail gas outlet on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack; the high-temperature and low-pressure air outlet of the energy recovery and lifting device is connected to the inlet of the expander.

16. The fuel cell energy recovery system according to claim 15, wherein: The fuel cell energy recovery system further includes a shut-off valve provided at the low-temperature high-pressure air outlet of the energy recovery and lifting device and the cathode side inlet of the fuel cell stack.

17. The fuel cell energy recovery system according to claim 15, wherein: The fuel cell energy recovery system further includes a hydrogen exhaust valve provided at the waste hydrogen gas inlet of the energy recovery and enhancement device and the tail gas outlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack.

18. The fuel cell energy recovery system according to claim 15, wherein: The fuel cell energy recovery system also includes a hydrogen bottle connected to the anode side inlet of the fuel cell stack, wherein a pressure reducing valve is provided between the hydrogen bottle and the anode side inlet of the fuel cell stack to regulate the hydrogen pressure between the hydrogen bottle and the anode side inlet of the fuel cell stack.

19. The fuel cell energy recovery system according to claim 15, wherein: The fuel cell energy recovery system further includes a hydrogen circulation pump, the inlet of the hydrogen circulation pump being connected to the tail gas outlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack, and the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump being connected to the inlet on the anode side of the fuel cell stack.

20. The fuel cell energy recovery system according to claim 15, wherein: The fuel cell energy recovery system further includes an exhaust pipe, which is connected to a drainage outlet of the energy recovery and lifting device and an air outlet of the expander.

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