A battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device, comprising: a housing, a movable contact sliding frame movably disposed within the housing, and a drive unit for driving the movable contact sliding frame; the housing is provided with a plurality of electrode assemblies arranged in sequence, the electrode assemblies comprising a first adapter electrode, a first battery positive electrode connection electrode, a second battery positive electrode connection electrode, a second adapter electrode, a third adapter electrode, a first battery negative electrode connection electrode, a second battery negative electrode connection electrode, and a fourth adapter electrode. During charging, the present invention connects batteries in parallel to charge a single battery. At this time, each battery draws voltage from the same bus, so the batteries are always consistent, achieving self-balancing for each battery; during discharge, all batteries are switched to a series state. At this time, the current released by the battery with the largest internal resistance is used as the basis, similarly achieving current balancing for the batteries during discharge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery charging and discharging, and in particular to a battery self-balancing charging and discharging protection device. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection circuits are usually manufactured using semiconductors, which have the disadvantages of high cost and bulk. In addition, the semiconductor method has insufficient overload capacity, which can easily cause the battery to spontaneously combust when the current is too large. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0004] To solve the above problems, as one aspect of the present invention, a battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device is provided, comprising: a housing, a movable contact sliding frame movably disposed within the housing, and a driving unit for driving the movable contact sliding frame to move;

[0005] The shell is provided with a plurality of electrode assemblies arranged in sequence, and the electrode assemblies include a first adapter electrode, a first battery positive connection electrode, a second battery positive connection electrode, a second adapter electrode, a third adapter electrode, a first battery negative connection electrode, a second battery negative connection electrode and a fourth adapter electrode; wherein the first adapter electrode, the first battery positive connection electrode, the second battery positive connection electrode and the second adapter electrode are arranged in sequence according to the vertices of the first rectangle, and the third adapter electrode, the first battery negative connection electrode, the second battery negative connection electrode and the fourth adapter electrode are arranged in sequence according to the vertices of the second rectangle; the first battery positive connection electrode and the second battery positive connection electrode are connected, and the first battery negative connection electrode and the second battery negative connection electrode are connected;

[0006] The movable contact sliding frame is provided with a plurality of first wire springs and second wire springs used as inductors, the first wire springs are located in the space defined by the first rectangle, and the second wire springs are located in the space defined by the second rectangle;

[0007] The movable contact sliding frame has a series switching position and a parallel switching position; in the series switching position, the first wire spring is in conductive contact with the first adapter electrode and the first battery positive connection electrode, and the second wire spring is in conductive contact with the third adapter electrode and the first battery negative connection electrode; in the parallel switching position, the first wire spring is in conductive contact with the second battery positive connection electrode and the second adapter electrode, and the second wire spring is in conductive contact with the second battery negative connection electrode and the fourth adapter electrode;

[0008] The second adapter electrode of each electrode assembly is connected to the positive charging electrode, and the fourth adapter electrode of each electrode assembly is connected to the negative charging electrode;

[0009] The first adapter electrode of the first electrode assembly is connected to the discharge positive electrode, the third adapter electrode of the last electrode assembly is connected to the discharge negative electrode, and the third adapter electrode of the first electrode assembly of the two adjacent electrode assemblies is connected to the first adapter electrode of the latter electrode assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the first wire spring and the second wire spring are both sleeved on the outside of the copper tube.

[0011] Preferably, the copper tube is mounted on the mounting rod through a silicone sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the driving unit includes a motor and a cam, and the motor drives the movable contact sliding frame to move in the housing via the cam.

[0013] Preferably, the movable contact sliding frame is provided with two shaft sleeves cooperating with the cam, and the cam is located between the two shaft sleeves.

[0014] Preferably, the movable contact sliding frame is a rectangular frame, and mounting grooves are provided on the upper and lower side walls of the rectangular frame. The first wire spring is protrudingly mounted in the mounting groove of the upper side wall, and the second wire spring is protrudingly mounted in the mounting groove of the lower side wall.

[0015] Preferably, the housing comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, and the movable contact sliding frame is arranged in a space cavity surrounded by the upper cover and the lower cover.

[0016] Preferably, the motor is installed on the outside of the upper cover.

[0017] Due to the aforementioned technical solution, the present invention connects batteries in parallel during charging to charge a single cell. Each cell draws power from the same bus, so each cell is always charged according to its own characteristics, achieving self-balancing for each cell. During discharge, all cells are switched to a series state. The current released by the cell with the highest internal resistance is used as the current reference, similarly achieving current balancing during discharge. The entire device uses no semiconductor devices, but instead employs a purely mechanical series-parallel switching structure composed of conductive tubes and wire springs. This not only reduces cost and size, but also improves the circuit's overload capacity, thereby enhancing the battery's anti-spontaneous combustion performance and preventing spontaneous combustion when the current is too high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematically shows an exploded view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a moving contact sliding frame is schematically shown;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematically shows an exploded view of the moving contact sliding frame;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematically shows a front view of a moving contact sliding frame;

[0022] Figure 5 A side view of a movable contact carriage is schematically shown;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematically shows a side view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 A GG cross-sectional view is schematically shown;

[0025] Figure 8 A top view of a movable contact sliding frame is schematically shown;

[0026] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view II is schematically shown;

[0027] Figure 10 Schematically shows a front view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 The AA cross-sectional view is schematically shown;

[0029] Figure 12 The HH cross-sectional view is schematically shown;

[0030] Figure 13 FF cross-sectional view is schematically shown;

[0031] Figure 14 A BB cross-sectional view is schematically shown;

[0032] Figure 15 Schematically shows Figure 14 A partial enlarged view of

[0033] Figure 16 The serial-to-parallel conversion circuit principle diagram of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0034] Reference numerals in the figure: 1. moving contact sliding frame; 2. first transfer electrode; 3. first battery positive connecting electrode; 4. second battery positive connecting electrode; 5. second transfer electrode; 6. third transfer electrode; 7. first battery negative connecting electrode; 8. second battery negative connecting electrode; 9. fourth transfer electrode; 10. first wire spring; 11. second wire spring; 12. copper tube; 13. silicone sleeve; 14. mounting rod; 15. motor; 16. cam; 17. bushing; 18. mounting groove; 19. upper cover; 20. lower cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0036] As one aspect of the present invention, a battery self-balancing charge-discharge protection device is provided, comprising: a housing, a movable contact slide 1 movably disposed within the housing, and a drive unit for driving the movable contact slide 1. The movable contact slide 1 is used to switch between serial-parallel conversion contacts, thereby achieving conductive connection or disconnection between different electrodes.

[0037] A plurality of electrode assemblies are arranged in sequence on the shell, and the electrode assembly includes a first adapter electrode 2, a first battery positive connection electrode 3, a second battery positive connection electrode 4, a second adapter electrode 5, a third adapter electrode 6, a first battery negative connection electrode 7, a second battery negative connection electrode 8 and a fourth adapter electrode 9; wherein, the first adapter electrode 2, the first battery positive connection electrode 3, the second battery positive connection electrode 4 and the second adapter electrode 5 are arranged in sequence according to the vertices of the first rectangle, and the third adapter electrode 6, the first battery negative connection electrode 7, the second battery negative connection electrode 8 and the fourth adapter electrode 9 are arranged in sequence according to the vertices of the second rectangle; the first battery positive connection electrode 3 and the second battery positive connection electrode 4 are connected, and the first battery negative connection electrode 7 and the second battery negative connection electrode 8 are connected.

[0038] During use, the first battery positive connection electrode 3 and the second battery positive connection electrode 4 are connected to the positive electrode of the battery to be charged and discharged BT, and the first battery negative connection electrode 7 and the second battery negative connection electrode 8 are connected to the negative electrode of the battery to be charged and discharged BT.

[0039] The movable contact carriage 1 is equipped with multiple first and second wire springs 10, 11, which serve as inductors. The first wire springs 10 are located within the space defined by the first rectangle, and the second wire springs 11 are located within the space defined by the second rectangle. The first wire springs 10 are used to connect or disconnect the first transition electrode 2 and the first battery positive connection electrode 3, or between the second battery positive connection electrode 4 and the second transition electrode 5. The first wire springs 10 are used to connect or disconnect the third transition electrode 6 and the first battery negative connection electrode 7, or between the second battery negative connection electrode 8 and the fourth transition electrode 9. The first and second wire springs 10, 11 provide as many conductive contact points as possible, reducing contact resistance.

[0040] Each of the aforementioned wire springs acts as an inductor. Because the inductor generates a half-wave peak in advance when the first wire spring 10 and the second wire spring 11 approach, it precisely offsets the voltage difference when the first wire spring 10 and the second wire spring 11 come into contact. At this time, the voltage leads, but there is no current, so no arc is generated. This overcomes the problem in the prior art of using a surface-contact contact switch, where the voltage lags behind the current due to the capacitive effect when the two contact surfaces approach, resulting in an arc.

[0041] The movable contact sliding frame 1 has a series switching position and a parallel switching position; in the series switching position, the first wire spring 10 is in conductive contact with the first adapter electrode 2 and the first battery positive connection electrode 3, and the second wire spring 11 is in conductive contact with the third adapter electrode 6 and the first battery negative connection electrode 7; in the parallel switching position, the first wire spring 10 is in conductive contact with the second battery positive connection electrode 4 and the second adapter electrode 5, and the second wire spring 11 is in conductive contact with the second battery negative connection electrode 8 and the fourth adapter electrode 9.

[0042] The second transfer electrode 5 of each electrode assembly is connected to the positive charging electrode DVCC, and the fourth transfer electrode 9 of each electrode assembly is connected to the negative charging electrode DGND;

[0043] The first transfer electrode 2 of the first electrode assembly is connected to the discharge positive electrode VCC, the third transfer electrode 6 of the last electrode assembly is connected to the discharge negative electrode GND, and the third transfer electrode 6 of the first electrode assembly in the two adjacent electrode assemblies is connected to the first transfer electrode 2 of the latter electrode assembly.

[0044] When charging is required, the movable contact sliding frame 1 moves to the parallel switching position, so that all batteries BT are connected in parallel for charging; when discharging, the movable contact sliding frame 1 moves to the series switching position, connecting all batteries BT in series and changing to a discharging state.

[0045] In the above technical solution, when batteries are charged in parallel, each battery BT can achieve its own balance. Since each battery BT draws voltage from the same bus, the battery BT is always consistent and balanced. During discharge, all batteries BT are switched into a series state by moving the movable contact sliding frame 1. Since the batteries BT are in series, the current released by the battery with the largest internal resistance among all the batteries BT is used as the current source, thus achieving current balance among the batteries BT during discharge.

[0046] Preferably, the first wire spring 10 and the second wire spring 11 are both sheathed outside the copper tube 12, so that they can make contact with the corresponding electrodes and conduct electricity by utilizing this protruding structure. The function of the copper tube 12 is to ensure that the wire springs do not deform when squeezed, thereby increasing the current carrying capacity of the contacts.

[0047] Preferably, the copper tube 12 is mounted on the mounting rod 14 through a silicone sleeve 13 , and the function of the silicone sleeve 13 is to balance the gaps between the contacts and maintain a flexible connection.

[0048] Preferably, the drive unit includes a motor 15 and a cam 16. The motor 15 drives the movable contact carriage 1 to move within the housing via the cam 16. Preferably, the movable contact carriage 1 is provided with two bushings 17 that cooperate with the cam 16, with the cam 16 located between the two bushings 17. The motor 15 drives the cam 16 to move, thereby shifting the bushings 17 to cause the movable contact carriage 1 to move left and right, thereby achieving serial-parallel position switching.

[0049] Preferably, the movable contact sliding frame 1 is a rectangular frame, and mounting grooves 18 are opened on the upper and lower side walls of the rectangular frame. The first wire spring 10 is protrudingly installed in the mounting groove 18 of the upper side wall, and the second wire spring 11 is protrudingly installed in the mounting groove 18 of the lower side wall.

[0050] Preferably, the housing includes an upper cover 19 and a lower cover 20 , and the movable contact sliding frame 1 is disposed in a space cavity enclosed by the upper cover 19 and the lower cover 20 . Preferably, the motor 15 is mounted on the outside of the upper cover 19 .

[0051] Due to the aforementioned technical solution, the present invention connects batteries in parallel during charging to charge a single cell. Each cell draws power from the same bus, so each cell is always charged according to its own characteristics, achieving self-balancing for each cell. During discharge, all cells are switched to a series state. The current released by the cell with the highest internal resistance is used as the current reference, similarly achieving current balancing during discharge. The entire device uses no semiconductor devices, but instead employs a purely mechanical series-parallel switching structure composed of conductive tubes and wire springs. This not only reduces cost and size, but also improves the circuit's overload capacity, thereby enhancing the battery's anti-spontaneous combustion performance and preventing spontaneous combustion when the current is too high.

[0052] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device, characterized in that: include: A housing, a movable contact sliding frame (1) movably arranged in the housing, and a driving unit for driving the movable contact sliding frame (1) to move; The housing is provided with a plurality of electrode assemblies arranged in sequence, and the electrode assemblies include a first adapter electrode (2), a first battery positive electrode connecting electrode (3), a second battery positive electrode connecting electrode (4), a second adapter electrode (5), a third adapter electrode (6), a first battery negative electrode connecting electrode (7), a second battery negative electrode connecting electrode (8) and a fourth adapter electrode (9); wherein the first adapter electrode (2), the first battery positive electrode connecting electrode (3), the second battery positive electrode connecting electrode (4) and the second adapter electrode (5) are arranged in sequence according to the vertices of a first rectangle, and the third adapter electrode (6), the first battery negative electrode connecting electrode (7), the second battery negative electrode connecting electrode (8) and the fourth adapter electrode (9) are arranged in sequence according to the vertices of a second rectangle; the first battery positive electrode connecting electrode (3) and the second battery positive electrode connecting electrode (4) are connected, and the first battery negative electrode connecting electrode (7) and the second battery negative electrode connecting electrode (8) are connected; The movable contact sliding frame (1) is provided with a plurality of first wire springs (10) and second wire springs (11) used as inductors, the first wire springs (10) are located in a space defined by the first rectangle, and the second wire springs (11) are located in a space defined by the second rectangle; The movable contact sliding frame (1) has a series switching position and a parallel switching position; in the series switching position, the first wire spring (10) is in conductive contact with the first switching electrode (2) and the first battery positive connection electrode (3), and the second wire spring (11) is in conductive contact with the third switching electrode (6) and the first battery negative connection electrode (7); in the parallel switching position, the first wire spring (10) is in conductive contact with the second battery positive connection electrode (4) and the second switching electrode (5), and the second wire spring (11) is in conductive contact with the second battery negative connection electrode (8) and the fourth switching electrode (9); The second transfer electrode (5) of each electrode assembly is connected to the positive charging electrode (DVCC), and the fourth transfer electrode (9) of each electrode assembly is connected to the negative charging electrode (DGND); The first transfer electrode (2) of the first electrode assembly is connected to the discharge positive electrode (VCC), the third transfer electrode (6) of the last electrode assembly is connected to the discharge negative electrode (GND), and the third transfer electrode (6) of the first electrode assembly of two adjacent electrode assemblies is connected to the first transfer electrode (2) of the last electrode assembly.

2. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first wire spring (10) and the second wire spring (11) are both sleeved on the outside of the copper tube (12).

3. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The copper tube (12) is mounted on the mounting rod (14) via a silicone sleeve (13).

4. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises a motor (15) and a cam (16), and the motor (15) drives the movable contact sliding frame (1) to move in the housing via the cam (16).

5. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two shaft sleeves (17) that cooperate with the cam (16) are provided on the movable contact sliding frame (1), and the cam (16) is located between the two shaft sleeves (17).

6. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable contact sliding frame (1) is a rectangular frame, and mounting grooves (18) are provided on the upper and lower side walls of the rectangular frame. The first wire spring (10) is protrudingly mounted in the mounting groove (18) of the upper side wall, and the second wire spring (11) is protrudingly mounted in the mounting groove (18) of the lower side wall.

7. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The housing comprises an upper cover (19) and a lower cover (20), and the movable contact sliding frame (1) is arranged in a space cavity surrounded by the upper cover (19) and the lower cover (20).

8. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The motor (15) is installed on the outside of the upper cover (19).

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