A transverse fixed-distance contour-following trenching device for applying organic fertilizer and its adjustment method

Abstract

This invention relates to a transverse fixed-distance contour-following ditching device and adjustment method for applying organic fertilizer. It includes a frame, a swing arm hinged to the frame, and a swing cylinder that drives the rear end of the swing arm to swing left and right. Two side-facing distance measuring devices are mounted on the front end of the frame. A support tube is rotatably connected to the swing arm with its rotating shaft vertically positioned. A steering arm is fixedly connected to the support tube. A steering cylinder that drives the steering arm to swing around the rotating shaft of the support tube is mounted on the frame. A transmission box is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support tube. Two V-shaped ditching cutter discs are shaft-connected to both sides of the transmission box. Multiple circumferentially arranged ditching cutters are fixedly connected to the ditching cutter discs. The invention also includes a rotary drive mechanism that drives the two ditching cutter discs to rotate synchronously. This invention can monitor the transverse distance between the fertilizer applicator and the crops planted on both sides in real time during the applicator's movement, thereby adjusting the ditching device laterally according to the distance to achieve transverse fixed-distance contour-following ditching with respect to the crops planted on the sides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer applicators, specifically to a transverse fixed-distance contour trenching device and adjustment method for applying organic fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] Making organic fertilizer from livestock manure and straw through harmless treatment not only reduces pollution but also increases soil organic matter content and improves arable land quality. To meet the nutrient needs of vegetables, watermelons, melons, and other melons, and to improve their yield and quality, organic fertilizer must be applied before sowing or transplanting. The main fertilization method currently is as follows: first, a ditching machine is used to dig a fertilization trench on one side of the planting strip; then, chemical and organic fertilizers are spread into the trench, and finally, the trench is backfilled with soil.

[0003] The invention patent with application number CN201710084473.8 provides a deep loosening and fertilization machine for fruit trees, which can complete the entire process of deep loosening and fertilization of raw or mature soil in one go. When fertilizing between fruit trees, if the distance is too close to the fruit tree, it will damage the roots of the fruit tree. If the distance is too far from the fruit tree, the fertilization effect will be poor. Under the premise that the existing fertilization machine cannot achieve lateral position adjustment, the operator can only manually operate the fertilization machine to apply fertilizer in a curved manner according to the position of the fruit tree, so as to avoid the roots of the fruit tree and maintain a relatively close distance to the fruit tree.

[0004] Therefore, there is a lack of fertilizer applicators that can automatically adjust laterally based on the location of fruit trees, thus reducing the difficulty of fertilization for operators. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a transverse fixed-distance contour-following trenching device and adjustment method for applying organic fertilizer.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a transverse fixed-distance contour trenching device for applying organic fertilizer, comprising a frame, a swing arm hinged to the frame, and a swing cylinder for driving the rear end of the swing arm to swing left and right. The front end of the frame is equipped with two side-facing distance measuring devices. A support tube is rotatably connected to the swing arm with its rotating shaft vertically positioned. A steering arm is fixedly connected to the support tube. A steering cylinder is mounted on the frame to drive the steering arm to swing around the rotating shaft of the support tube. A transmission box is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support tube. Two V-shaped trenching cutter discs are shaft-connected to both sides of the transmission box. Multiple circumferentially arranged trenching cutters are fixedly connected to the trenching cutter discs. The device also includes a rotary drive mechanism for driving the two trenching cutter discs to rotate synchronously.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cutter head shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the trenching cutter head, and both cutter head shafts are axially connected to the transmission box. The rotary drive mechanism includes a transverse worm gear shaft axially connected to the transmission box, a worm gear fixedly connected to the worm gear shaft, and a vertical drive shaft axially connected to the transmission box. A worm gear meshing with the worm gear is fixedly connected to the vertical drive shaft. A hydraulic motor connected to the vertical drive shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support tube. The two ends of the worm gear shaft are respectively connected to the two cutter head shafts through universal couplings.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support tube is located in front of the rotating shafts of the two trenching cutterheads.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a support guide rail passing through the swing arm is fixedly connected to the frame, and the support guide rail is arc-shaped and concentric with the hinge axis of the swing arm.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support guide rails are provided in two locations, which are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the support tube.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steering arm extends forward of the support tube, one end of the steering cylinder is hinged to the left beam of the frame, and the other end is hinged to the front end of the steering arm.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the front end of the swing arm is hinged to the frame, one end of the swing cylinder is hinged to the left beam of the frame, and the other end is hinged to the rear end of the swing arm.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ranging device is a laser rangefinder.

[0014] A method for adjusting trenching using a transverse fixed-distance contour trenching device for applying organic fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0015] a. The hydraulic motor drives the vertical drive shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the worm wheel shaft to rotate through the worm and worm wheel. The worm wheel shaft is connected to the two cutter head shafts through a universal coupling, thereby driving the two V-shaped grooving cutter heads to rotate and groove.

[0016] b. The ranging device detects the lateral distance between the crops planted on both sides, thereby adjusting the left and right positions of the two trenching cutter discs according to the lateral distance;

[0017] c. When adjusting the lateral position of the trenching cutter head, the steering arm is first driven by the steering cylinder to swing around the support tube shaft, so that the trenching cutter head itself turns around the support tube shaft, thereby turning the trenching cutter head in the direction that needs to be moved laterally. At the same time, the swing cylinder drives the rear end of the swing arm to swing in the adjustment direction, thus realizing the adjustment of the left and right position of the trenching cutter head.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The organic fertilizer application transverse fixed-distance contour-following ditching device and adjustment method of the present invention can monitor the transverse distance between the fertilizer applicator and the crops planted on both sides in real time during the movement of the fertilizer applicator, and then adjust the ditching device transversely according to the distance, thereby realizing transverse fixed-distance contour-following ditching with the crops planted on the side. In addition, during the adjustment process, the ditching cutter head will turn according to the adjustment direction to ensure a suitable ditching width, while reducing the lateral force on the ditching cutter and improving the service life of the ditching device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention without the fertilizer box;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Sectional view of plane AA;

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Sectional view of the middle BB plane;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the trenching trajectory of the present invention;

[0025] As shown in the figure:

[0026] 1. Frame, 2. Distance measuring device, 3. Trenching cutter head, 4. Trenching cutter, 5. Fertilizer box, 6. Swing arm, 7. Steering arm, 8. Swing cylinder, 9. Steering cylinder, 10. Support guide rail, 11. Hydraulic motor, 12. Vertical drive shaft, 13. Support tube, 14. Mounting base, 15. Cutter head shaft, 16. Transmission box, 17. Universal coupling, 18. Worm gear shaft, 19. Worm gear, 20. Worm, 21. Connecting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution.

[0028] like Figures 1-6 As shown, an organic fertilizer application transverse fixed-distance contour-following trenching device of the present invention includes a frame 1, a swing arm 6 hinged to the frame 1, and a swing cylinder 8 for driving the rear end of the swing arm 6 to swing left and right. The front end of the frame 1 is equipped with a connecting frame 21, thereby mounting the trenching device on a tractor or other traction mechanism. The top view of the frame 1 is rectangular, and it is a frame structure made of welded rectangular tubes.

[0029] The front end of the frame 1 is equipped with two side-facing distance measuring devices 2. The distance measuring device 2 is a laser rangefinder, which can automatically detect the lateral distance between the frame and the crops planted on both sides, and thus automatically adjust the lateral position of the trench according to the size of the distance.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the front end of the swing arm 6 is hinged to the frame 1, and the hinge shaft is set vertically. The front end of the swing arm 6 is hinged to the middle position of the front end of the frame 1, so that the swing arm 6 can swing left and right. One end of the swing cylinder 8 is hinged to the left side beam of the frame 1, and the other end is hinged to the rear end of the swing arm 6. Thus, the swing arm 6 can swing left and right by extending and retracting the swing cylinder 8.

[0031] The swing arm 6 is rotatably connected to a support tube 13 with the rotating shaft set vertically. The support tube 13 is connected to the swing arm 6 near the rear end, so that the trenching position is as far away from the ranging device 2 as possible, so as to realize the corresponding ranging value and prevent the response from being too untimely due to the distance being too close.

[0032] A steering arm 7 is fixedly connected to the support tube 13. In this embodiment, the steering arm 7 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side of the support tube 13 and is located above the swing arm 6. The steering arm 7 extends forward of the support tube 13. The frame 1 is equipped with a steering cylinder 9 that drives the steering arm 7 to swing around the pivot of the support tube 13. One end of the steering cylinder 9 is hinged to the left beam of the frame 1, and the other end is hinged to the front end of the steering arm 7. Thus, the rotation of the support tube 13 on the swing arm 6 is realized by the extension and retraction of the steering cylinder 9.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, a transmission box 16 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support tube 13. The interior of the transmission box 16 is connected to the interior of the support tube 13. Two V-shaped grooving cutter discs 3 are axially connected to both sides of the transmission box 16. A cutter disc shaft 15 is fixedly connected to the center of the grooving cutter disc 3. Both cutter disc shafts 15 are axially connected to the transmission box 16. The grooving cutter disc 3 is a disc. The position where the distance between the two grooving cutter discs 3 is the smallest is located at the lower end of the grooving cutter disc 3. Multiple circumferentially arranged grooving cutters 4 are fixedly connected to the grooving cutter disc 3. The grooving operation is realized by rotating the two grooving cutter discs 3.

[0034] It also includes a rotary drive mechanism for driving the two trenching cutterheads 3 to rotate synchronously. The rotary drive mechanism includes a transverse worm gear shaft 18 shafted in the transmission box 16, a worm gear 19 fixed to the worm gear shaft 18, and a vertical drive shaft 12 shafted in the transmission box 16. The two ends of the worm gear shaft 18 are respectively connected to the two cutterhead shafts 15 via universal couplings 17. In this embodiment, mounting seats 14 are fixed to both sides of the transmission box 16. The cutterhead shafts 15 are shafted onto the mounting seats 14. The mounting seats 14 are hollow inside, and the universal couplings 17 are disposed inside the mounting seats. Thus, the rotation of the worm gear shaft 18 drives the two cutterhead shafts 15 to rotate through the two universal couplings 17, thereby realizing the rotation of the two trenching cutterheads 3 and realizing the trenching operation.

[0035] The vertical drive shaft 12 is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the vertical drive shaft 12 extends to the upper end of the support tube 13. The upper end of the support tube 13 is fixedly connected to a hydraulic motor 11 connected to the vertical drive shaft 12, thereby driving the vertical drive shaft 12 to rotate through the hydraulic motor 11.

[0036] A worm 20, which meshes with a worm gear 19, is fixedly connected to the vertical drive shaft 12. The vertical drive shaft 12 drives the worm 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm gear 19 to rotate, thus realizing the rotation of the worm gear shaft 18. In this design, the trenching power comes from the hydraulic motor 11, and hydraulic power is provided by a power mechanism such as a tractor, thereby adapting to the trenching power transmission for left and right adjustments.

[0037] When adjusting the lateral position of the trenching cutter head 3, the steering arm 7 is first driven by the steering cylinder 9 to swing around the axis of the support tube 13, so that the trenching cutter head 3 itself turns around the axis of the support tube 13, thereby turning the trenching cutter head 3 in the direction that needs to be moved laterally. In this embodiment, the support tube 13 is located in front of the axes of the two trenching cutter heads 3, so that the left and right swing amplitude of the front end of the trenching cutter head 3 is smaller than the left and right swing amplitude of the rear end, reducing the resistance of the front end swing during the trenching process.

[0038] A support rail 10 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, through which the swing arm 6 passes. The swing arm 6 has a through hole for the support rail 10 to pass through. The through hole is arc-shaped along its length, so that it fits with the support rail 10. The support rail 10 is arc-shaped and concentric with the hinge axis of the swing arm 6, thereby providing support for the swing arm 6 during the swinging process and preventing the swing arm 6 from swinging up and down.

[0039] In this embodiment, there are two support rails 10, which are located on the front and rear sides of the support tube 13 respectively, thus achieving a good support effect.

[0040] When adjusting the lateral position of the trenching cutter head 3, the steering arm 7 is first driven by the steering cylinder 9 to swing around the axis of the support tube 13, so that the trenching cutter head 3 itself rotates around the axis of the support tube 13, thereby turning the trenching cutter head 3 in the direction that needs to be moved laterally. At the same time, the swing cylinder 8 drives the rear end of the swing arm 6 to swing in the adjustment direction, thereby realizing the adjustment of the left and right position of the trenching cutter head 3. When the swing arm 6 swings left and right, the steering cylinder 9 must move accordingly, so that the trenching cutter head 3 always maintains the correct steering angle.

[0041] The frame 1 is also equipped with a swing arm rangefinder to detect the left and right positions of the swing arm 6, and a steering arm rangefinder to detect the position of the steering arm 7, so as to detect and provide feedback on the positions of the swing arm 6 and the steering arm 7 and keep them in the correct positions.

[0042] The frame 1 is also equipped with a fertilizer box 5, which is used to hold organic fertilizer and apply the organic fertilizer to the bottom of the trench. The outlet of the organic fertilizer can be connected to the swing arm 6 through a hose, so that the fertilizer application position can be adjusted left and right as the trench is dug.

[0043] A method for adjusting trenching using a transverse fixed-distance contour trenching device for applying organic fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0044] a. The vertical drive shaft 12 is driven to rotate by the hydraulic motor 11, which in turn drives the worm wheel shaft 18 to rotate through the worm 20 and worm wheel 19. The worm wheel shaft 18 is connected to the two cutter head shafts 15 through the universal coupling 17, thereby driving the two V-shaped grooving cutter heads 3 to rotate and groove.

[0045] b. During the trenching process, the distance measuring device 2 detects the lateral distance between the crops planted on both sides, thereby adjusting the left and right positions of the two trenching cutter discs 3 according to the lateral distance. Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 Three fruit trees were marked. When the ditching device moved to the side of the fruit tree, the distance measuring device 2 detected the fruit tree and adjusted the ditching position away from the fruit tree, thereby increasing the distance from the fruit tree and preventing damage to the tree roots. When the ditching device moved between adjacent fruit trees, the ditching position was adjusted towards the fruit tree, thereby reducing the distance between the organic fertilizer and the fruit tree and improving the fertilization effect.

[0046] c. When adjusting the lateral position of the trenching cutter head 3, the steering arm 7 is first driven by the steering cylinder 9 to swing around the axis of the support tube 13, so that the trenching cutter head 3 itself rotates around the axis of the support tube 13, thereby turning the trenching cutter head 3 in the direction that needs to be moved laterally. At the same time, the swing cylinder 8 drives the rear end of the swing arm 6 to swing in the adjustment direction, thus realizing the adjustment of the left and right position of the trenching cutter head 3.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer application transverse fixed-distance contour trenching device, comprising a frame (1), a swing arm (6) hinged on the frame (1), and a swing cylinder (8) for driving the rear end of the swing arm (6) to swing left and right. The front end of the frame (1) is equipped with a side-facing distance measuring device (2). The swing arm (6) is rotatably connected to a support tube (13) with the rotating shaft vertically arranged. A steering arm (7) is fixedly connected to the support tube (13). The frame (1) is equipped with a steering cylinder (9) for driving the steering arm (7) to swing around the rotating shaft of the support tube (13). A transmission box (16) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support tube (13). Two V-shaped trenching cutter discs (3) are axially connected to both sides of the transmission box (16). Multiple circumferentially arranged trenching cutters (4) are fixedly connected to the trenching cutter discs (3). The device also includes a rotary drive mechanism for driving the two trenching cutter discs (3) to rotate synchronously. The center of the trenching cutter head (3) is fixedly connected to the cutter head shaft (15), and both cutter head shafts (15) are axially connected to the transmission box (16). The rotary drive mechanism includes a transverse worm gear shaft (18) axially connected to the transmission box (16), a worm gear (19) fixedly connected to the worm gear shaft (18), and a vertical drive shaft (12) axially connected to the transmission box (16). A worm (20) meshing with the worm gear (19) is fixedly connected to the vertical drive shaft (12). A hydraulic motor (11) connected to the vertical drive shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support tube (13). The two ends of the worm gear shaft (18) are respectively connected to the two cutter head shafts (15) through universal couplings (17). A support rail (10) passing through the swing arm (6) is fixed on the frame (1). The support rail (10) is arc-shaped and concentric with the hinge axis of the swing arm (6). The support guide rail (10) is provided in two parts and is located on the front and rear sides of the support tube (13), respectively; The steering arm (7) extends forward of the support tube (13), and one end of the steering cylinder (9) is hinged to the left beam of the frame (1), and the other end is hinged to the front end of the steering arm (7). The front end of the swing arm (6) is hinged to the frame (1), one end of the swing cylinder (8) is hinged to the left beam of the frame (1), and the other end is hinged to the rear end of the swing arm (6). The method for adjusting the trenching using the transverse fixed-distance contour trenching device for applying organic fertilizer includes the following steps: a. The hydraulic motor (11) drives the vertical drive shaft (12) to rotate, thereby driving the worm wheel shaft (18) to rotate through the worm (20) and worm wheel (19). The worm wheel shaft (18) is connected to the two cutter head shafts (15) through the universal coupling (17), thereby driving the two V-shaped grooving cutter heads (3) to rotate and groove. b. The distance measuring device (2) detects the lateral distance between the crops planted on both sides, so that the two trenching cutter discs (3) adjust their left and right positions according to the lateral distance. c. When adjusting the lateral position of the trenching cutter head (3), the steering arm (7) is first driven by the steering cylinder (9) to swing around the axis of the support tube (13), so that the trenching cutter head (3) itself is turned around the axis of the support tube (13), thereby turning the trenching cutter head (3) in the direction that needs to be moved laterally. At the same time, the swing cylinder (8) drives the rear end of the swing arm (6) to swing in the adjustment direction, thus realizing the adjustment of the left and right position of the trenching cutter head (3).

2. The transverse fixed-distance contour-following trenching device for applying organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support tube (13) is located in front of the rotating shaft of the two trenching cutterheads (3).

3. The transverse fixed-distance contour-following trenching device for applying organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ranging device (2) is a laser rangefinder.

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