Preparation method of multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique bricks

Abstract

The present invention relates to a preparation method of multi-layered antique bricks with a glossy three-dimensional texture effect, including: ⑴ preparing the brick body, obtaining a flat brick body after powder making, cloth laying, pressing, and drying; ⑵ applying a make-up soil, applying the make-up soil on the surface of the brick body by spraying / glazing; ⑶ pattern decoration, performing multi-channel digital inkjet printing decoration; ⑷ spraying digital glue, printing the ceramic digital glue on the surface of the make-up soil according to the designed pattern through an inkjet printer; ⑸ uniformly distributing dry particles, uniformly distributing the dry particles on the surface of the brick blank with the digital glue pattern sprayed thereon through a dry particle cloth laying machine; ⑹ spraying transparent glaze, performing high-pressure spraying decoration of the transparent glaze on the brick blank with dry particles adhered to the surface; ⑺ feeding the antique brick blank that has completed all decoration steps into a roller hearth kiln for firing to obtain a semi-finished antique brick; ⑻ sequentially performing three-dimensional flexible polishing on the semi-finished antique brick with a diamond elastic grinding block, a non-woven fabric fiber grinding block, and a resin silicon carbide grinding brush, and obtaining the multi-layered antique brick with a glossy three-dimensional texture effect after edge grinding treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic tiles, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an antique brick with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of living standards, people's aesthetics for space decoration have also changed, and they prefer natural antique ceramic products. Therefore, major ceramic manufacturers use stone, wood, sandstone, fabric, cement, and metal as creative materials, and develop new antique products through the use of different systems of glaze or dry granule materials, different glazing processes, and pattern decoration methods to meet the needs of consumers. Although the imitation of natural stone patterns can now reach the level of being indistinguishable from the real thing, and the surface effect is already very close to natural stone, there is still a certain gap in terms of the light sense, texture, and touch of the stone. How to obtain antique bricks with rich surface texture and touch and various gloss effects through process and formula adjustment is a technical problem that needs to be solved at present.

[0003] As is well known, natural raw stones are characterized by hard texture, wear resistance, rich texture, uneven surface undulations, natural patterns, etc. At the same time, during the use process, due to long-term contact and friction with objects, the surface will become soft and delicate, forming a texture as smooth as coagulated fat. The raised positions become smooth, while the concave positions maintain the roughness and gloss of the original material, making the natural raw stone present a three-dimensional soft light texture. In order to make the surface of antique bricks achieve the concave-convex texture and gloss effect of natural stone, the dry granule process is generally used for decoration, and the surface glaze layer of antique bricks is polished with grinding heads of different mesh numbers. Due to the limitations of traditional polishing technology, the texture of the polished antique bricks is not delicate and soft enough, the surface gloss of the product is relatively high and the polishing gloss is uneven, which cannot meet the requirement of the low gloss effect of the glaze surface of antique bricks. Therefore, some ceramic enterprises use the semi-polishing (soft polishing) technology to polish the glaze surface of antique bricks. For example, the invention patent with the publication number CN111153702A discloses an antique brick and its preparation method. The technical solution is to prepare a green body, apply a base glaze, print a pattern, and apply a particle glaze on the green body in sequence, and then obtain an antique brick green body through drying and firing. Then, it is first coarsely ground with a resin grinding disc with a mesh number of 100-500, then finely ground with a resin grinding disc with a mesh number of 600-2000, and finally polished with a fiber grinding wheel with a mesh number of 150-300; the invention patent with the publication number CN113698190A discloses a preparation process for dry granule semi-polished bricks. The technical solution is to use a flexible polishing device to polish according to the concave-convex degree of the concave-convex crystals on the upper surface of the glaze of the brick blank to obtain dry granule semi-polished bricks. The disadvantage of these process methods is that although a glaze surface effect with relatively delicate texture and low gloss can be obtained, since the semi-polishing (soft polishing) process uses an ordinary rigid polishing machine, it cannot change and polish the deep groove surface in real time with the concave-convex changes of the polishing surface during the polishing process, resulting in excessive polishing and brighter gloss on the raised parts of the brick surface, and insufficient polishing and duller gloss on the concave parts, with too large a difference in gloss height, lack of three-dimensionality and variation in layers, which affects the glaze texture and gloss effect of antique bricks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a preparation method for antique bricks with a multi-layered gloss three-dimensional texture effect, which forms a concave-convex effect through digital glue dry granule positioning decoration, and obtains a small difference in gloss height, an alternating dull and bright brick surface, with the light feeling of natural stone being soft, the touch being delicate, the texture being three-dimensional, and good wear resistance and anti-fouling performance through three-dimensional flexible polishing.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention for the preparation method of antique bricks with the multi-layered gloss three-dimensional texture effect is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0006] ⑴ Preparation of the green body, obtaining a flat green body after powder making, cloth laying, pressing, and drying, and the strength of the dried green body ≥ 1.6 Mpa;

[0007] ⑵ Apply the slip. The slip is applied to the surface of the green body by spraying / glazing method, and then dried to form a slip layer. The specific gravity of the slip is 1.50 - 1.78, and the glazing amount is 420 - 550 g / m 2 . The green body with the slip applied can be dried or not dried. The drying temperature is 150 - 180 °C, and the drying time is 1 - 2 min;

[0008] ⑶ Pattern decoration. Multi-channel digital inkjet printing decoration is carried out according to the product effect requirements to form a pattern decoration layer;

[0009] ⑷ Spray digital glue. The ceramic digital glue is printed on the surface of the slip according to the design pattern by an inkjet printer to form a digital glue layer. The printing gray scale of the digital glue pattern is 45 - 80%, and the printing glue amount is 70 - 100 g / m 2 ;

[0010] ⑸ Apply dry particles. The dry particles are evenly applied on the surface of the green body with the digital glue pattern by a dry particle distributor, and the dry particles not adhered by the digital glue are sucked away and recycled by a suction fan to form a dry particle layer with a certain texture and presenting a concave-convex effect. The dry particle application amount is 200 - 400 g / m 2 ;

[0011] ⑹ Spray transparent glaze. High-pressure spraying decoration of transparent glaze is carried out on the green body with dry particles adhered to the surface to form a transparent glaze layer. The specific gravity of the transparent glaze is 1.25 - 1.30, and the glazing amount is 150 - 170 g / m 2 . 2 - 4 spray guns are installed in the high-pressure glazing cabinet. The spray angle of the spray gun is 90 - 120°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 70 - 80 cm, and the glazing pressure of the spray gun is 9 - 10 bar; the spraying pressure of the transparent glaze is 9 - 10 bar;

[0012] ⑺ Send the antique brick green body that has completed all the decoration steps and processes into a roller hearth kiln for firing to obtain a semi-finished antique brick;

[0013] ⑻ Three-dimensional stereoscopic flexible polishing is carried out on the semi-finished antique brick with a diamond elastic abrasive block, a non-woven fiber abrasive block and a resin silicon carbide grinding brush in sequence. After edge grinding, an antique brick with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect is obtained.

[0014] Preferably, in step ⑵, the slip is sprayed by a high-pressure glazing cabinet or a disc bell. 4 - 6 spray guns are installed in the high-pressure glazing cabinet. The spray angle of the spray gun is 90 - 120°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 70 - 80 cm, and the glazing pressure of the spray gun is 10 - 12 bar.

[0015] Preferably, the digital glue in step (4) is composed of the following chemical components by weight: 36-38 parts of active calcium silicate, 40-42 parts of isopropyl myristate, 6-8 parts of polyacrylamide, 8-10 parts of fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, 1-2 parts of polyoxypropylene oxyethylene glycerol ether, and 2-4 parts of aluminate coupling agent; the gray scale of the digital glue is controlled at 45-80%, and the amount of spray printing glue is 70-100 g / m 2 When the amount of adhered dry particles is between 180-360 g / m 2 the best effect can be obtained.

[0016] Preferably, the digital glue is further composed of the following chemical components by weight: 37 parts of active calcium silicate, 42 parts of isopropyl myristate, 7 parts of polyacrylamide, 9 parts of fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, 2 parts of polyoxypropylene oxyethylene glycerol ether, and 3 parts of aluminate coupling agent.

[0017] Preferably, the dry particles in step (5) are microbead matte transparent dry particles, and the microbead matte transparent dry particles are composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.2-0.6 parts, SiO 2 52.0-55.0 parts, Al 2 O 3 15.0-18.0 parts, CaO 8.0-11.0 parts, MgO 1.0-2.0 parts, K 2 O 1.5-2.0 parts, Na 2 O 3.0-4.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1-0.2 parts, ZnO 6.0-7.0 parts, BaO 3.0-4.0 parts, SrO 5.0-6.0 parts.

[0018] Preferably, the preparation method of the dry particles in step (5) is to make a mixture according to the raw material ratio, then mix it evenly with a mixer, and then add the fully mixed mixture into a frit furnace, and carry out high-temperature calcination and melting at the highest firing temperature of 900-1100 °C; the highest firing temperature refers to the temperature required for the melting of the mixture, and the molten slurry flows into cold water for water quenching to form frit, and after the frit is dried, it is crushed and screened by a pair-roll crusher, and processed into regular microbead shapes by the flame floating method to obtain the microbead matte transparent dry particles with the required particle size distribution; the particle size of the microbead matte transparent dry particles is 80-160 mesh, and the particles with a mesh number less than 80 are recycled into the pair-roll crusher for cyclic crushing, and then, flame floating processing is carried out; the particles with a mesh number greater than 160 are put into the frit furnace as raw materials for recycling.

[0019] Preferably, in the step (5), the output end of the suction fan is connected to the arc-shaped dry particle suction port, the arc-shaped dry particle suction port is slightly inclined and aligned with the surface of the brick blank, and the suction frequency of the suction fan is 45-55 Hz.

[0020] Preferably, the transparent glaze in the step (6) is composed of the following raw material components by weight: 1-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 4-6 parts of barium carbonate, 4-6 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-13 parts of sodium feldspar, 3-5 parts of calcined alumina, 2-4 parts of calcined talc, 3-5 parts of dolomite, 7-9 parts of kaolin, 6-8 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-8 parts of A transparent frit, and 42-48 parts of B transparent frit.

[0021] Preferably, the A transparent frit is composed of the following chemical components by weight: 0.7-1.2 parts of loss on ignition, SiO 2 51.0-53.0 parts, AL 2 O 3 12.0-13.5 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1-0.3 parts, CaO 7.2-7.8 parts, MgO 3.0-4.0 parts, K 2 O 4.4-5.0 parts, Na 2 O 1.8-2.8 parts, ZnO 8.0-10.0 parts, TiO 2 0.03-0.1 part, B 2 O 3 0.5-1.0 part, BaO 5.0-7.0 parts.

[0022] Preferably, the B transparent frit is composed of the following chemical components by weight: 0.4-1.0 part of loss on ignition, SiO 2 44.0-46.0 parts, AL 2 O 3 18.0-20.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1-0.2 part, CaO 7.0-8.5 parts, MgO 0.6-1.2 parts, K 2 O 1.5-2.0 parts, Na 2 O 4.0-5.5 parts, ZnO 4.0-5.5 parts, TiO 2 0.03-0.1 part, B 2 O 3 0.2-0.5 part, BaO 14.0-16.0 parts.

[0023] Preferably, the transparent glaze in the step (6) is composed of the following chemical components by weight: 4.0-5.0 parts of loss on ignition, SiO 2 43.0-46.0 parts, AL2 O 3 20.0 - 24.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1 - 0.4 parts, CaO 5.0 - 7.0 parts, MgO 1.8 - 3.0 parts, K 2 O 1.0 - 2.0 parts, Na 2 O 3.0 - 4.2 parts, ZnO 4.0 - 5.0 parts, TiO 2 0.01 - 0.05 parts, B 2 O 3 0.1 - 0.3 parts, BaO 10.0 - 12.0 parts.

[0024] Preferably: The firing at the highest temperature in step (7) is 1180 - 1200 °C, and the firing cycle is 60 - 70 minutes; the highest temperature refers to the temperature required for sintering the ceramic blank.

[0025] Preferably: In step (8), a three - dimensional flexible polishing of the antique brick semi - finished product is carried out successively with a silicon carbide elastic grinding block, a non - woven fiber grinding block and a resin - bonded silicon carbide grinding brush. The polishing steps are as follows:

[0026] a) Rough polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of silicon carbide elastic grinding blocks, including 1 group of 150 mesh, 2 groups of 300 mesh, 8 groups of 600 mesh, 5 groups of 800 mesh, and 2 groups of 1000 mesh; the rotational speed of the silicon carbide elastic grinding block is 1200 - 3000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.1 - 0.3 MPa;

[0027] b) Fine polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of non - woven fiber grinding blocks, including 3 groups of 150 mesh, 4 groups of 300 mesh, 3 groups of 600 mesh, and 8 groups of 4000 mesh; the rotational speed of the non - woven fiber grinding block is 1200 - 2000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.1 - 0.2 MPa;

[0028] c) Brushing: There are 6 groups of resin - bonded silicon carbide grinding brushes, and the rotational speed of the resin - bonded silicon carbide grinding brush is 1200 - 2000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.1 - 0.2 MPa; thus, an antique brick with a multi - layer gloss three - dimensional texture effect with a surface glossiness of 8 - 12 ° and a gloss height difference of cracks, concave surfaces, and convex points within 4 ° can be obtained.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0030] ⑴ The present invention provides a method for preparing an antique brick with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect. The ceramic digital glue is sprayed onto the surface of the brick blank according to the design document by an inkjet flower machine, and the dry particles are distributed onto the digital glue layer by a dry particle distributor. The dry particles not adhered by the glue are sucked away by a suction device. After applying a transparent protective glaze and then firing and soft polishing, the size and position of the concave and convex textures on the surface can be controlled by inkjet. It has the delicate and warm texture of antique dry particles and controllable concave and convex textures, with rich decorative effects, higher degree of restoring nature, and meeting different decorative styles.

[0031] ⑵ The present invention processes the dry particles into regular microbead shapes by the flame floating method. Compared with the ordinary dry particles whose surfaces are irregular cross-section broken particles after being crushed, it effectively improves the problem of uneven distribution of dry particles, improves the fluidity of dry particles and the stability of the mass outflow time, and further enhances the delicate particle feeling on the surface of the antique brick product.

[0032] ⑶ The present invention conducts polishing treatment by using a three-dimensional stereoscopic soft polishing process in which three types of grinding blocks, namely, a diamond abrasive elastic grinding block, a non-woven fabric fiber grinding block, and a resin silicon carbide grinding brush, are used in combination. The surface of the polished product has uniform and soft gloss, the height difference is within 4°, the brick surface has alternating matte and shiny appearances, and there are different visual light sensations at different angles, making the cracks, convex points, and concave surfaces on the product surface present different glosses, achieving a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect similar to that of natural stones. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method for preparing an antique brick with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2A is a comparison diagram of the appearance forms of ordinary dry particles and Figure 2B microbead matte transparent dry particles;

[0035] Figure 3 is a physical diagram of the diamond abrasive elastic grinding block, non-woven fabric fiber grinding block, and resin silicon carbide grinding brush of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is a diagram of the glazed surface effect of the product after polishing of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 shows a schematic flow chart of the method for preparing an antique brick with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect of the present invention.

[0039] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, first, a green body is prepared. The green body can be prepared from known ceramic raw materials by conventional methods. For example, the blank material is ball-milled, spray-powder granulated, dry-pressed into shape by a press, and dried in a drying kiln to obtain a dried green body. The strength of the dried green body is ≥1.6 Mpa.

[0040] In this embodiment, the chemical composition of the green body is as follows: by weight, the loss on ignition is 4.2 - 4.6 parts, SiO 2 is 68.0 - 71.0 parts, Al 2 O 3 is 17.0 - 19.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 is 1.0 - 1.5 parts, CaO is 0.3 - 0.6 parts, MgO is 1.5 - 1.8 parts, K 2 O is 2.2 - 2.6 parts, Na 2 O is 1.3 - 1.6 parts, TiO 2 is 0.2 - 0.4 parts.

[0041] The engobe is not particularly limited and can be a glaze commonly used in antique bricks. In the embodiment, the chemical composition of the engobe is as follows: by weight, the loss on ignition is 4.2 - 4.5 parts, SiO 2 is 49.0 - 52.0 parts, Al 2 O 3 is 20.0 - 22.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 is 0.1 - 0.4 parts, CaO is 8.0 - 10.0 parts, MgO is 3.0 - 3.5 parts, K 2 O is 2.2 - 2.5 parts, Na 2 O is 1.5 - 2.0 parts, ZnO is 2.0 - 2.3 parts, ZrO 2 is 7.0 - 10.0 parts. Applying the engobe can play a role in covering the green body and helping with color development.

[0042] The glazing method of the engobe can be carried out by spraying with a high-pressure spraying cabinet or a disk bell jar. The specific gravity of the engobe is 1.50 - 1.78, and the glazing amount is 420 - 550 g / m 2 , the high-pressure spraying cabinet is equipped with 4 - 6 spray guns, the spray angle of the spray gun is 90 - 120°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 70 - 80 cm, the spray pressure of the spray gun is 10 - 12 bar. After applying the engobe, the brick blank can be selected to be dried or not dried. The drying temperature is 150 - 180 °C, and the drying time is 1 - 2 min.

[0043] An inkjet pattern is printed on the brick surface with the engobe according to the design document. The inkjet pattern can be a stone-like pattern. It can be printed using a digital inkjet printer, and the ceramic inks used can be blue, brown, orange, encapsulated red, black, etc.

[0044] Apply digital glue on the inkjet pattern according to the preset product pattern to form a certain glue pattern. The digital glue mainly serves to bond the dry particles. The application method of the digital glue can be digital printing. In the embodiment, an inkjet printer is used to spray and print the digital glue.

[0045] In this embodiment, the preset pattern corresponds to the inkjet pattern to achieve a perfect combination of the inkjet pattern and the concave-convex texture. Preferably, the preset pattern is a pattern composed of the texture of the inkjet pattern. According to the inkjet pattern design, extract the texture line part of the inkjet pattern in advance to form a digital glue file, and spray the glue according to the digital glue pattern file, so that the glue forms a certain pattern on the glazed ceramic tile blank. Different gray levels of digital glue correspond to different glue spraying amounts and bonding amounts of dry particles. If the gray level of the glue is too small, the amount of adhered dry particles is relatively small, affecting the overall dry particle decoration effect. As the gray level of the glue file increases, the quality of the adhered dry particles shows an increasing trend. However, after the gray level of the glue reaches a certain value, the amount of adhered dry particles gradually decreases. If the gray level of the glue is too large, it will waste glue resources. Therefore, the gray level of the digital glue is controlled at 45-80%, and the sprayed glue amount is 70-100 g / m 2 When it is, the amount of adhered dry particles is between 180-360 g / m 2 The effect is the best.

[0046] The chemical composition of the digital glue is as follows: by weight, 36-38 parts of active calcium silicate, 40-42 parts of isopropyl myristate, 6-8 parts of polyacrylamide, 8-10 parts of fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, 1-2 parts of polyoxypropylene oxyethylene glycerol ether, and 2-4 parts of aluminate coupling agent.

[0047] After spraying the digital glue, evenly distribute the dry particles on the brick surface where the digital glue is applied. The dry particles can be distributed by a dry particle distributor. After distributing the dry particles, use a suction fan to suck away the dry particles that are not adhered by the glue. In this way, different gray level glue patterns form a certain texture through the remaining dry particle glaze to present a concave-convex effect. The output end of the suction fan is connected to an arc-shaped dry particle suction port, and the arc-shaped dry particle suction port is slightly inclined and aligned with the surface of the brick blank. The suction frequency of the suction fan is 45-55 Hz.

[0048] The dry particles are preferably microbead matte transparent dry particles. In the embodiment, the chemical composition of the microbead matte transparent dry particles is as follows: by weight, 0.2-0.6 parts of loss on ignition, 52.0-55.0 parts of SiO 2 52.0-55.0 parts, Al 2 O 3 15.0-18.0 parts, CaO 8.0-11.0 parts, MgO 1.0-2.0 parts, K2O 1.5-2.0 parts, Na 2 O 3.0-4.0 parts, Fe2 O 3 0.1 - 0.2 parts, 6.0 - 7.0 parts of ZnO, 3.0 - 4.0 parts of BaO, and 5.0 - 6.0 parts of SrO.

[0049] By adjusting the chemical composition of the micro - bead matte transparent dry granules to control their refractoriness, it is ensured that the micro - bead matte transparent dry granules are not easily eutectic with the slip and the subsequently applied transparent glaze, enabling the dry granules to exist as independent individuals as much as possible, achieving the purpose of stabilizing the product effect. In addition, the micro - bead matte transparent dry granules increase the silicon content in the form of ultrafine silica, and corundum powder is introduced to replace part of the calcined alumina to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the dry granules, ensuring a low gloss on the brick surface. Increasing the content of strontium oxide helps to increase the fluxing range, and the combination force of strontium oxide with carbon dioxide in the kiln atmosphere is low, effectively enhancing the transparency of the dry granules. After firing, the micro - bead matte transparent dry granules have a small content of glass phase on the glaze surface, forming a certain number of micro - crystal phases mainly composed of anorthite, ensuring the hardness and wear resistance of the product brick surface.

[0050] In a more preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the micro - bead matte transparent dry granules is to prepare a mixture according to the raw material ratio, then mix it evenly with a mixer, and then add the fully mixed mixture into a frit furnace for high - temperature calcination and melting at a maximum firing temperature of 900 - 1100 °C; the maximum firing temperature refers to the temperature required for the mixture to melt. The molten slurry flows into cold water for water quenching to form frits. After the frits are dried, they are crushed and screened by a pair - roll crusher, and processed into regular micro - bead shapes by the flame floating method to obtain the micro - bead matte transparent dry granules with the required particle size distribution. The particle size of the micro - bead matte transparent dry granules is 80 - 160 mesh. The particles with a mesh number less than 80 are recycled into the pair - roll crusher for cyclic crushing, and then, flame floating processing is carried out again; the particles with a mesh number greater than 160 are put into the frit furnace as raw materials for recycling.

[0051] Compared with the preparation of ordinary dry granules, the micro - bead matte transparent dry granules are in the shape of micro - beads. Please refer to Figure 2A and Figure 2B As shown, after the ordinary dry granules are crushed, the surface is in the shape of irregular cross - section broken particles ( Figure 2A ), with many edges and corners on the surface. Measuring the mass flow - out time of the same dry granules in different processing batches with a No. 4 cup, it is found that the maximum value can differ by 14 seconds. It can be seen that the flow - out time fluctuates greatly and is unstable for different processing batches. From this, it can be seen that the appearance shape of the dry granules has a direct impact on the fluidity of the dry granules. And in the present invention, the dry granules are processed into regular micro - bead shapes by the flame floating method ( Figure 2B) By measuring the mass outflow time of the same microbead matte transparent dry granules from different processing batches using a Tu-4 cup, the mass outflow time differed by 4 seconds, which is significantly smaller than that of ordinary dry granules, and the difference between batches is also smaller. Therefore, the fluidity of the bead-shaped dry granules is better and more stable than that of ordinary dry granules. The application of the microbead matte transparent dry granules effectively improves the problem of uneven dry granule distribution on the fabric, thereby enhancing the delicate granular feeling on the product surface.

[0052] The application amount of the microbead matte transparent dry granules is 200 - 400 g / m 2 . When using this application amount, the surface application effect is good, and all the dry granules can be basically well bonded and fixed. The dry granules not adhered by the glue are sucked away by a suction fan. At the same time, the thickness of this application amount has a strong convex feeling, achieving the purpose of enriching the details and levels of the product.

[0053] After applying the microbead matte transparent dry granules, transparent glaze is sprayed to further fix the dry granules on the brick surface, improve their adhesion, and at the same time improve the anti - pollution performance of the brick surface area without dry granule coverage, and promote ink - jet color development, enriching the colors of the product.

[0054] In the embodiment, the raw material components of the transparent glaze are as follows: by weight, 1 - 3 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 4 - 6 parts of barium carbonate, 4 - 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 - 13 parts of sodium feldspar, 3 - 5 parts of calcined alumina, 2 - 4 parts of calcined talc, 3 - 5 parts of dolomite, 7 - 9 parts of kaolin, 6 - 8 parts of calcined kaolin, 3 - 8 parts of A transparent frit, and 42 - 48 parts of B transparent frit.

[0055] In this embodiment, the chemical composition of the A transparent frit is as follows: by weight, 0.7 - 1.2 parts of loss on ignition, 51.0 - 53.0 parts of SiO 2 51.0 - 53.0 parts, AL 2 O 3 12.0 - 13.5 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1 - 0.3 parts, 7.2 - 7.8 parts of CaO, 3.0 - 4.0 parts of MgO, K 2 O 4.4 - 5.0 parts, Na 2 O 1.8 - 2.8 parts, 8.0 - 10.0 parts of ZnO, TiO 2 0.03 - 0.1 part, B 2 O 3 0.5 - 1.0 part, 5.0 - 7.0 parts of BaO.

[0056] In this embodiment, the chemical composition of the B transparent frit is as follows: by weight, 0.4 - 1.0 parts of loss on ignition, 44.0 - 46.0 parts of SiO 2 44.0 - 46.0 parts, AL 2 O 318.0 - 20.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1 - 0.2 parts, CaO 7.0 - 8.5 parts, MgO 0.6 - 1.2 parts, K 2 O 1.5 - 2.0 parts, Na 2 O 4.0 - 5.5 parts, ZnO 4.0 - 5.5 parts, TiO 2 0.03 - 0.1 part, B 2 O 3 0.2 - 0.5 part, BaO 14.0 - 16.0 parts.

[0057] In a more preferred embodiment, the chemical composition of the transparent glaze is: by weight, the loss on ignition is 4.0 - 5.0 parts, SiO 2 43.0 - 46.0 parts, AL 2 O 3 20.0 - 24.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1 - 0.4 part, CaO 5.0 - 7.0 parts, MgO 1.8 - 3.0 parts, K 2 O 1.0 - 2.0 parts, Na 2 O 3.0 - 4.2 parts, ZnO 4.0 - 5.0 parts, TiO 2 0.01 - 0.05 part, B 2 O 3 0.1 - 0.3 part, BaO 10.0 - 12.0 parts. By introducing a higher amount of aluminum and increasing calcium, barium, and zinc in the transparent glaze, it can not only ensure a lower gloss of the glaze surface after firing but also have a wider firing range, which is beneficial to the color development of the transparent glaze.

[0058] The glazing method of the transparent glaze can be spraying using a high-pressure glazing cabinet. The specific gravity of the transparent glaze is 1.25 - 1.30, and the glazing amount is 150 - 170 g / m 2 , the high-pressure glazing cabinet is equipped with 2 - 4 spray guns. The spray angle of the spray gun is 90 - 120°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 70 - 80 cm, the glazing pressure of the spray gun is 9 - 10 bar, and the spraying pressure of the transparent glaze is 9 - 10 bar; when using this glazing amount, a good hand feeling can be obtained, and it can be well integrated with the dry particles, and the anti-fouling performance of the brick surface is good.

[0059] Send the antique brick blank that has completed all the decoration steps to a roller hearth kiln for firing. The maximum firing temperature is 1180 - 1200 °C, and the firing cycle is 60 - 70 minutes to obtain a semi-finished antique brick. Within this temperature range, the glaze layer of the ceramic tile can be well vitrified, which is convenient for later polishing. The maximum temperature refers to the temperature required for sintering the ceramic blank.

[0060] The semi-finished antique bricks after sintering are subjected to flexible polishing. The grinding blocks used in sequence during polishing are emery elastic grinding blocks, non-woven fiber grinding blocks, and resin silicon carbide grinding brushes (please refer to Figure 3 as shown), and the polishing steps are as follows:

[0061] a) Rough polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of emery elastic grinding blocks, including 1 group of 150 mesh, 2 groups of 300 mesh, 8 groups of 600 mesh, 5 groups of 800 mesh, and 2 groups of 1000 mesh; the rotation speed of the emery elastic grinding blocks is 1200 - 3000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.1 - 0.3 MPa;

[0062] b) Fine polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of non-woven fiber grinding blocks, including 3 groups of 150 mesh, 4 groups of 300 mesh, 3 groups of 600 mesh, and 8 groups of 4000 mesh; the rotation speed of the non-woven fiber grinding blocks is 1200 - 2000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.1 - 0.2 MPa;

[0063] c) Grinding and brushing: There are 6 groups of resin silicon carbide grinding brushes. The rotation speed of the resin silicon carbide grinding brushes is 1200 - 2000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.1 - 0.2 MPa; thus, antique bricks with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect can be obtained, with a surface glossiness of 8 - 12°, and the gloss difference between cracks, concave surfaces, and convex points within 4°.

[0064] It should be noted that during the polishing process of traditional dry granule decorative ceramic tiles, generally, emery resin elastic grinding blocks are used for rough grinding, and then soft fiber grinding blocks with different mesh numbers are used for further fine grinding. After polishing, the raised parts of the brick surface will be relatively bright, and the unpolished concave surfaces maintain the original gloss of the glaze surface, thus forming a bright and dull change effect on the brick surface to meet the requirements of the low gloss effect of the product. However, after polishing with this process, the gloss difference of the glaze surface is large, and the surface texture is not strong. Moreover, since the stone pattern lines are thin and in a crack shape, a monolithic module like the soft fiber module cannot penetrate into the groove surface for grinding and brushing, so there is little change in the gloss at the lines. To eliminate the adverse effects of the too large gloss difference on the glaze surface decoration, the present invention uses emery resin elastic grinding blocks with a 3% emery content to reduce the grinding amount of the grinding blocks on the glaze surface. At the same time, resin silicon carbide grinding brushes are introduced for grinding and brushing. The resin silicon carbide grinding brush is composed of multiple columnar nylon silicon carbide grinding strips. During grinding and brushing, it can be locally bent and deformed to perform grinding and brushing on different concave and convex surfaces and gaps, with little impact on the main body gloss of the brick surface. Under appropriate pressure, it can change the gloss at the stone pattern grooves of the antique bricks.

[0065] Figure 4 This is the effect diagram of the glaze surface of the product after polishing. As Figure 4 shown, after grinding and brushing the product, not only can the delicate touch of the brick surface be improved, but also the gloss is more uniform, the light feeling is soft, and the cracks, convex points, and concave surfaces on the surface present different gloss effects, improving the three-dimensional texture of the product.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 as shown, the preparation method of the multi-layer glossy three-dimensional texture antique brick includes the following steps:

[0068] ⑴ Preparation of the green body: After powder making, cloth laying, pressing, and drying, a flat green body is obtained, and the strength of the dried green body is ≥ 1.6 Mpa; the green body is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 4.42 parts, SiO 2 70.10 parts, Al 2 O 3 17.80 parts, Fe 2 O 3 1.16 parts, CaO 0.47 parts, MgO 1.64 parts, K 2 O 2.56 parts, Na 2 O 1.52 parts, TiO 2 0.33 parts;

[0069] ⑵ Applying the slip: The slip is applied on the surface of the green body by the glaze pouring method, and drying is selected to form a slip layer; the slip is applied by a disk bell, with a specific gravity of 1.78 and a glazing amount of 550 g / m 2 , and the brick blank with the slip applied is dried at a drying temperature of 160 °C for 1 min;

[0070] The slip is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 4.38 parts, SiO 2 49.57 parts, Al 2 O 3 20.35 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.25 parts, CaO 8.74 parts, MgO 3.21 parts, K 2 O 2.32 parts, Na 2 O 1.79 parts, ZnO 2.13 parts, ZrO 2 7.26 parts;

[0071] ⑶ Pattern decoration: Multichannel digital inkjet printing decoration is carried out according to the product effect requirements to form a pattern decoration layer;

[0072] ⑷ Spraying digital glue: The ceramic digital glue is printed on the surface of the slip according to the designed pattern through an inkjet printer to form a digital glue layer. The printing gray scale of the digital glue pattern is 50%, and the printing glue amount is 80 g / m 2 ,

[0073] The digital glue is composed of the following chemical components by weight: 37 parts of reactive calcium silicate, 42 parts of isopropyl myristate, 7 parts of polyacrylamide, 9 parts of fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, 2 parts of polyoxypropylene oxyethylene glycerol ether, and 3 parts of aluminate coupling agent;

[0074] ⑸ Apply dry granules. Evenly apply the microbead matte transparent dry granules on the surface of the brick blank sprayed with the digital glue pattern through a dry granule distributor, and use an extraction fan to extract and recycle the dry granules not adhered by the digital glue to form a dry granule layer with a certain texture and presenting a concave-convex effect. The dry granule application amount is 215 g / m 2 , and the extraction frequency of the extraction fan is 45 Hz;

[0075] The microbead matte transparent dry granules are composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.41 part, SiO 2 53.73 parts, Al 2 O 3 16.03 parts, CaO 9.14 parts, MgO 1.18 parts, K 2 O 1.62 parts, Na 2 O 3.24 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.13 part, ZnO 6.07 parts, BaO 3.24 parts, SrO 5.23 parts;

[0076] ⑹ Spray transparent glaze. Conduct high-pressure spraying decoration of transparent glaze on the brick blank with dry granules adhered to the surface to form a transparent glaze layer. The specific gravity of the transparent glaze is 1.25, and the glazing amount is 170 g / m 2 , install 2 spray guns in the high-pressure glazing cabinet. The spray angle of the spray gun is 120°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 80 cm, and the glazing pressure of the spray gun is 10 bar;

[0077] The transparent glaze is composed of the following raw material components by weight: 2 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5 parts of barium carbonate, 5 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 4 parts of calcined alumina, 3 parts of calcined talc, 4 parts of dolomite, 8 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of A transparent frit, and 45 parts of B transparent frit;

[0078] The transparent glaze is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 4.65 parts, SiO 2 44.56 parts, AL 2 O 3 21.79 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.24 part, CaO 5.52 parts, MgO 2.44 parts, K 2 O 1.57 part, Na 2 O 3.42 parts, ZnO 4.43 parts, TiO 20.03 parts, B 2 O 3 0.20 parts, 11.15 parts of BaO;

[0079] The described A transparent frit is composed of the following chemical components by weight parts: loss on ignition 0.99 parts, SiO 2 52.05 parts, AL 2 O 3 12.71 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.11 parts, 7.47 parts of CaO, 3.58 parts of MgO, K 2 O 4.67 parts, Na 2 O 2.12 parts, 9.17 parts of ZnO, TiO 2 0.07 parts, B 2 O 3 0.68 parts, 6.38 parts of BaO;

[0080] The described B transparent frit is composed of the following chemical components by weight parts: loss on ignition 0.83 parts, SiO 2 45.40 parts, AL 2 O 3 18.58 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.12 parts, 7.77 parts of CaO, 0.81 parts of MgO, K 2 O 1.63 parts, Na 2 O 4.71 parts, 4.36 parts of ZnO, TiO 2 0.07 parts, B 2 O 3 0.37 parts, 15.35 parts of BaO;

[0081] (7) Feed the antique brick blanks that have completed all the decoration steps into a roller hearth kiln for firing to obtain semi-finished antique bricks. The maximum firing temperature is 1198 °C and the firing cycle is 62 minutes;

[0082] (8) Use a silicon carbide elastic grinding block, a non-woven fiber grinding block, and a resin silicon carbide grinding brush in sequence to perform three-dimensional flexible polishing on the semi-finished antique bricks. After edge grinding, an antique brick with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect is obtained; The steps of the three-dimensional flexible polishing are as follows:

[0083] a) Rough polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of silicon carbide elastic grinding blocks, which are 1 group of 150 mesh, 2 groups of 300 mesh, 8 groups of 600 mesh, 5 groups of 800 mesh, and 2 groups of 1000 mesh in sequence; The rotation speed of the silicon carbide elastic grinding block is 1200 rpm and the pressure is 0.2 MPa;

[0084] b) Fine polishing: There are 18 groups of non-woven fiber grinding blocks, which are successively 3 groups of 150 mesh, 4 groups of 300 mesh, 3 groups of 600 mesh, and 8 groups of 4000 mesh; the rotation speed of the non-woven fiber grinding blocks is 1500 rpm, and the pressure is 0.15 MPa;

[0085] c) Brushing: There are 6 groups of resin silicon carbide grinding brushes, the rotation speed of the resin silicon carbide grinding brushes is 1200 rpm, and the pressure is 0.2 MPa; thus, antique tiles with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect with a surface glossiness of 9° and a gloss height difference of cracks, concave surfaces, and convex points within 4° can be obtained.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] A preparation method for antique tiles with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect, comprising the following steps:

[0088] ⑴ Body preparation: After powder making, cloth laying, pressing, and drying, a flat body is obtained, and the strength of the dried body ≥ 1.6 Mpa; the body is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 4.39 parts, SiO 2 69.84 parts, Al 2 O 3 17.96 parts, Fe 2 O 3 1.36 parts, CaO 0.48 parts, MgO 1.75 parts, K 2 O 2.42 parts, Na 2 O 1.46 parts, TiO 2 0.34 parts;

[0089] ⑵ Applying a decorative clay: A decorative clay is applied to the surface of the body by the glaze pouring method, and drying is selected to form a decorative clay layer; the decorative clay is poured by a disc bell, with a specific gravity of 1.77 and a glaze application amount of 550 g / m 2 , and the brick body with the decorative clay applied is dried at a drying temperature of 150 °C for 2 min;

[0090] The decorative clay is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 4.31 parts, SiO 2 50.07 parts, Al 2 O 3 20.34 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.25 parts, CaO 8.34 parts, MgO 3.14 parts, K 2 O 2.32 parts, Na 2 O 1.69 parts, ZnO 2.13 parts, ZrO 2 7.41 parts;

[0091] ⑶ Pattern decoration: Perform multi-channel digital inkjet printing decoration according to the product effect requirements to form a pattern decoration layer;

[0092] ⑷ Spray digital glue: Print ceramic digital glue on the surface of the engobe according to the designed pattern through an inkjet printer to form a digital glue layer. The printing gray scale of the digital glue pattern is 70%, and the amount of printed glue is 92 g / m 2 ;

[0093] The digital glue is composed of the following chemical components by weight: 37 parts of active calcium silicate, 42 parts of isopropyl myristate, 7 parts of polyacrylamide, 9 parts of fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, 2 parts of polyoxypropylene oxyethylene glycerol ether, and 3 parts of aluminate coupling agent;

[0094] ⑸ Apply dry particles: Uniformly apply microbead matte transparent dry particles on the surface of the brick blank sprayed with the digital glue pattern through a dry particle cloth machine, and use an extraction fan to suck away and recycle the dry particles not adhered by the digital glue to form a dry particle layer with a certain texture and presenting a concave-convex effect. The dry particle application amount is 310 g / m 2 , and the extraction frequency of the extraction fan is 50 Hz;

[0095] The microbead matte transparent dry particles are composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.42 parts, SiO 2 53.54 parts, Al 2 O 3 16.43 parts, CaO 9.06 parts, MgO 1.13 parts, K 2 O 1.57 parts, Na 2 O 3.27 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.12 parts, ZnO 6.07 parts, BaO 3.18 parts, SrO 5.21 parts;

[0096] ⑹ Spray transparent glaze: Perform high-pressure spraying decoration of transparent glaze on the brick blank with dry particles adhered to the surface to form a transparent glaze layer. The specific gravity of the transparent glaze is 1.25, and the glazing amount is 170 g / m 2 , 3 spray guns are installed in the high-pressure glazing cabinet. The spray angle of the spray gun is 110°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 75 cm, and the glazing pressure of the spray gun is 9.5 bar;

[0097] The transparent glaze is composed of the following raw material components by weight: 2 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5 parts of barium carbonate, 5 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 4 parts of calcined alumina, 3 parts of calcined talc, 4 parts of dolomite, 8 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of calcined kaolin, 6 parts of A transparent frit, and 44 parts of B transparent frit;

[0098] The transparent glaze is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 4.65 parts, SiO 244.76 parts, AL 2 O 3 21.29 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.26 parts, CaO 5.52 parts, MgO 2.54 parts, K 2 O 1.61 parts, Na 2 O 3.47 parts, ZnO 4.43 parts, TiO 2 0.04 parts, B 2 O 3 0.22 parts, BaO 11.17 parts;

[0099] The described A transparent frit is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.91 parts, SiO 2 52.05 parts, AL 2 O 3 12.79 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.11 parts, CaO 7.45 parts, MgO 3.58 parts, K 2 O 4.67 parts, Na 2 O 2.14 parts, ZnO 9.16 parts, TiO 2 0.07 parts, B 2 O 3 0.69 parts, BaO 6.38 parts;

[0100] The described B transparent frit is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.79 parts, SiO 2 45.43 parts, AL 2 O 3 18.58 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.13 parts, CaO 7.72 parts, MgO 0.84 parts, K 2 O 1.63 parts, Na 2 O 4.76 parts, ZnO 4.32 parts, TiO 2 0.07 parts, B 2 O 3 0.37 parts, BaO 15.36 parts;

[0101] ⑺ Feed the antique brick blanks that have completed all the decoration steps into a roller hearth kiln for firing to obtain semi-finished antique bricks. The maximum firing temperature is 1183°C, and the firing cycle is 69 minutes;

[0102] (8) The semi-finished antique bricks are subjected to three-dimensional flexible polishing and grinding in sequence with emery elastic grinding blocks, non-woven fabric fiber grinding blocks and resin silicon carbide grinding brushes, and the antique bricks with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect are obtained after edge grinding; the steps of the three-dimensional flexible polishing and grinding are as follows:

[0103] a) Rough polishing: There are 18 groups of emery elastic grinding blocks, which are 1 group of 150 mesh, 2 groups of 300 mesh, 8 groups of 600 mesh, 5 groups of 800 mesh, and 2 groups of 1000 mesh in sequence; the rotation speed of the emery elastic grinding blocks is 3000, and the pressure is 0.15 MPa;

[0104] b) Fine polishing: There are 18 groups of non-woven fabric fiber grinding blocks, which are 3 groups of 150 mesh, 4 groups of 300 mesh, 3 groups of 600 mesh, and 8 groups of 4000 mesh in sequence; the rotation speed of the non-woven fabric fiber grinding blocks is 1200 rpm, and the pressure is 0.2 MPa;

[0105] c) Brushing: There are 6 groups of resin silicon carbide grinding brushes, the rotation speed of the resin silicon carbide grinding brushes is 1500 rpm, and the pressure is 0.2 MPa; the antique bricks with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect with a surface glossiness of 12° and a gloss height difference of cracks, concave surfaces and convex points within 4° can be obtained.

[0106] Example 3

[0107] A preparation method of antique bricks with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect includes the following steps:

[0108] ⑴ Preparation of the blank: After powder making, cloth laying, pressing and drying, a flat blank is obtained, and the strength of the blank after drying is ≥ 1.6 Mpa;

[0109] The blank is composed of the following chemical components in parts by weight: loss on ignition 4.42 parts, SiO 2 70.10 parts, Al 2 O 3 17.80 parts, Fe 2 O 3 1.16 parts, CaO 0.47 parts, MgO 1.64 parts, K 2 O 2.56 parts, Na 2 O 1.52 parts, TiO 2 0.33 parts;

[0110] ⑵ Applying the decorative clay: The decorative clay is applied to the surface of the blank by spraying glaze, and drying is selected to form a decorative clay layer; the decorative clay is sprayed by a high-pressure glaze spraying cabinet, with a specific gravity of 1.50 and a glaze application amount of 420 g / m 2, 5 spray guns are installed in the high-pressure glaze spraying cabinet. The spray angle of the spray gun is 110°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 80 cm, the spray glaze pressure of the spray gun is 12 bar, and the brick blank applied with slip is dried at a drying temperature of 180 °C for 2 minutes;

[0111] The slip is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 4.38 parts, SiO 2 49.57 parts, Al 2 O 3 20.35 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.25 part, CaO 8.74 parts, MgO 3.21 parts, K 2 O 2.32 parts, Na 2 O 1.79 parts, ZnO 2.13 parts, ZrO 2 7.26 parts;

[0112] (3) Pattern decoration, multi-channel digital inkjet printing decoration is carried out according to the product effect requirements to form a pattern decoration layer;

[0113] (4) Spraying digital glue, the ceramic digital glue is printed on the surface of the slip according to the designed pattern through an inkjet printer to form a digital glue layer. The printing gray scale of the digital glue pattern is 80%, and the amount of printed glue is 97 g / m 2 ;

[0114] The digital glue is composed of the following chemical components by weight: active calcium silicate 37 parts, isopropyl myristate 42 parts, polyacrylamide 7 parts, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester 9 parts, polyoxypropylene oxyethylene glycerol ether 2 parts, aluminate coupling agent 3 parts;

[0115] (5) Applying dry particles, the microbead matte transparent dry particles are evenly applied on the surface of the brick blank sprayed with the digital glue pattern through a dry particle distributor, and the dry particles not adhered by the digital glue are sucked away and recycled by a suction fan to form a dry particle layer with a certain texture and presenting a concave-convex effect. The amount of dry particle application is 380 g / m 2 , and the suction frequency of the suction fan is 55 Hz;

[0116] The microbead matte transparent dry particles are composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.41 part, SiO 2 53.73 parts, Al 2 O 3 16.03 parts, CaO 9.14 parts, MgO 1.18 parts, K 2 O 1.62 parts, Na 2 O 3.24 parts, Fe 2 O 30.13 parts, 6.07 parts of ZnO, 3.24 parts of BaO, 5.23 parts of SrO;

[0117] (6) Spray transparent glaze, and conduct high-pressure spraying decoration of transparent glaze on the brick blank with dry particles adhered to the surface to form a transparent glaze layer. The specific gravity of the transparent glaze is 1.30, and the glazing amount is 160 g / m 2 , 4 spray guns are installed in the high-pressure glazing cabinet. The spraying angle of the spray gun is 90°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 70 cm, and the glazing pressure of the spray gun is 9 bar;

[0118] The said transparent glaze is composed of the following raw material components by weight: 2 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5 parts of barium carbonate, 5 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 3 parts of calcined alumina, 3 parts of calcined talc, 4 parts of dolomite, 8 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 parts of A transparent frit, 47 parts of B transparent frit;

[0119] The said transparent glaze is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 4.32 parts, SiO 2 44.61 parts, AL 2 O 3 22.49 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.21 parts, CaO 5.45 parts, MgO 2.38 parts, K 2 O 1.53 parts, Na 2 O 3.35 parts, ZnO 4.36 parts, TiO 2 0.03 parts, B 2 O 3 0.19 parts, BaO 11.08 parts;

[0120] The said A transparent frit is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.99 parts, SiO 2 52.05 parts, AL 2 O 3 12.71 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.11 parts, CaO 7.47 parts, MgO 3.58 parts, K 2 O 4.67 parts, Na 2 O 2.12 parts, ZnO 9.17 parts, TiO 2 0.07 parts, B 2 O 3 0.68 parts, BaO 6.38 parts;

[0121] The said B transparent frit is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.83 parts, SiO 2 45.40 parts, AL 2 O 318.58 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.12 parts, 7.77 parts of CaO, 0.81 parts of MgO, K 2 O 1.63 parts, Na 2 O 4.71 parts, 4.36 parts of ZnO, TiO 2 0.07 parts, B 2 O 3 0.37 parts, 15.35 parts of BaO;

[0122] ⑺ Feed the antique brick blanks that have completed all the decoration steps into a roller hearth kiln for firing to obtain semi-finished antique bricks. The highest firing temperature is 1191°C, and the firing cycle is 65 minutes;

[0123] ⑻ Use a silicon carbide elastic grinding block, a non-woven fiber grinding block, and a resin silicon carbide grinding brush in sequence to perform three-dimensional flexible polishing on the semi-finished antique bricks, and obtain antique bricks with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect after edge grinding; the steps of the three-dimensional flexible polishing and polishing are as follows:

[0124] a) Rough polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of silicon carbide elastic grinding blocks, which are 1 group of 150 mesh, 2 groups of 300 mesh, 8 groups of 600 mesh, 5 groups of 800 mesh, and 2 groups of 1000 mesh in sequence; the rotation speed of the silicon carbide elastic grinding block is 2000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.2 MPa;

[0125] b) Fine polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of non-woven fiber grinding blocks, which are 3 groups of 150 mesh, 4 groups of 300 mesh, 3 groups of 600 mesh, and 8 groups of 4000 mesh in sequence; the rotation speed of the non-woven fiber grinding block is 2000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.2 MPa;

[0126] c) Brush polishing: There are 6 groups of resin silicon carbide grinding brushes, the rotation speed of the resin silicon carbide grinding brush is 1200 rpm, and the pressure is 0.2 MPa; then antique bricks with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect with a surface glossiness of 11° and a gloss height difference of cracks, concave surfaces, and convex points within 4° can be obtained.

[0127] Example 4

[0128] A preparation method of antique bricks with a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture effect, which is implemented in different implementation manners in different examples, includes:

[0129] ⑵ Apply a decorative clay, and the specific gravity of the decorative clay is respectively in the implementation manners of 1.50, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65, 1.70, 1.78, as well as 1.51 - 1.60, 1.60 - 1.77, 1.55 - 1.70; the glaze application amount is respectively 420 g / m 2 、470 g / m 2 、520 g / m 2 、550 g / m2 and 420 - 470 g / m 2 、470 - 520 g / m 2 、520 - 550 g / m 2 for each of the embodiments; the drying temperatures are 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, 180°C and for each of the embodiments of 150 - 160°C, 160 - 170°C, 170 - 180°C, 150 - 170°C, 160 - 180°C, 155 - 175°C;

[0130] (4) Spraying digital glue, the printing grayscales of the digital glue patterns are 45%, 55%, 65%, 75%, 80% and for each of the embodiments of 45 - 50%, 50 - 60%, 60 - 70%, 70 - 80%, 45 - 60%, 50 - 75%; the amounts of sprayed glue are 70 g / m 2 、80 g / m 2 、90 g / m 2 、100 g / m 2 and for each of the embodiments of 70 - 80 g / m 2 、80 - 90 g / m 2 、90 - 100 g / m 2 、75 - 90 g / m 2 、80 - 100 g / m 2 for each of the embodiments;

[0131] (5) Applying dry particles, the amounts of applied dry particles are 200 g / m 2 、250 g / m 2 、300 g / m 2 、350 g / m 2 、400 g / m 2 and for each of the embodiments of 200 - 250 g / m 2 ;300 - 350 g / m 2 ;350 - 400 g / m 2 ;200 - 260 g / m 2 ;260 - 350 g / m 2 ;350 - 400 g / m 2 for each of the embodiments;

[0132] (6) Spraying transparent glaze, the specific gravities of the transparent glaze are 1.25, 1.30 and for each of the embodiments of 1.26 - 1.29; the amounts of applied glaze are 150 g / m 2 、160 g / m 2 、170 g / m 2 and for each of the embodiments of 150 - 160 g / m 2 ;160 - 170 g / m 2 for each of the embodiments.

[0133] The digital glue gray levels are controlled at 45%, 55%, 65%, 70%, 80%, and the respective embodiments of 45 - 65%, 65 - 75%, 45 - 60%, 60 - 75%;

[0134] The inkjet glue amounts are respectively 70 g / m 2 , 80 g / m 2 , 90 g / m 2 , 100 g / m 2 , 70 - 80 g / m 2 , 80 - 90 g / m 2 , 90 - 100 g / m 2 , 70 - 90 g / m 2 of the respective embodiments;

[0135] The adhered dry particle amounts are respectively 180 g / m 2 , 190 g / m 2 , 200 g / m 2 , 250 g / m 2 , 300 g / m 2 , 180 g / m 2 - 200 g / m 2 , 200 - 250 g / m 2 , 250 - 360 g / m 2 of the respective embodiments.

[0136] Comparative Example 1

[0137] It is basically the same as Example 1, with the only difference being that: the semi - finished antique bricks are flexibly polished in sequence using a corundum elastic grinding block and a non - woven fabric fiber grinding block. The polishing steps are as follows:

[0138] a) Rough polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of corundum elastic grinding blocks, which are respectively 1 group of 150 mesh, 2 groups of 300 mesh, 8 groups of 600 mesh, 5 groups of 800 mesh, and 2 groups of 1000 mesh; the rotational speed of the corundum elastic grinding block is 1200 rpm, and the pressure is 0.2 MPa;

[0139] b) Fine polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of non - woven fabric fiber grinding blocks, which are respectively 3 groups of 150 mesh, 4 groups of 300 mesh, 3 groups of 600 mesh, and 8 groups of 4000 mesh; the rotational speed of the non - woven fabric fiber grinding block is 1500 rpm, and the pressure is 0.2 MPa.

[0140] Using the flexible polishing of Comparative Example 1, the glossiness of the glazed surface after polishing is 10°, which basically meets the requirements of the product's glazed surface gloss. However, the non - woven fabric fiber grinding block cannot grind to the groove surface and the gap, resulting in a glossiness difference of more than 4° between the concave surface and the convex points. The visual light sense of the glazed surface is not soft enough and the hierarchical change is small, which is not conducive to the rich manifestation of the gloss level of the antique brick, and the decorative effect is significantly reduced.

[0141] Comparative Example 2

[0142] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that the antique brick is not subjected to flexible polishing after firing. The glaze gloss is 5-7°, which is lower than that of the antique brick after flexible polishing. At the same time, the surface has a stronger sense of granularity. Although the anti-slip performance is stronger, the texture of the brick surface is rough and not delicate and warm enough, and the tactile experience is relatively poor. In addition, the glaze surface is rough, and pollutants are easily adhered to the concave parts and difficult to clean. Over time, it affects the appearance of the product, provides conditions for the growth of various bacteria, and is not conducive to the stain resistance of the brick surface.

[0143] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique tiles, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: ⑴ Body preparation, obtaining a flat body after powder making, cloth laying, pressing and drying, and the strength of the dried body ≥ 1.6 Mpa; ⑵ Apply the slip. The slip is applied to the surface of the green body by spraying / glazing, and then dried to form a slip layer. The specific gravity of the slip is 1.50 - 1.78, and the glazing amount is 420 - 550 g / m 2 . The green body with the slip applied can be dried or not dried. The drying temperature is 150 - 180 °C, and the drying time is 1 - 2 min; ⑶ Pattern decoration, performing multi-channel digital inkjet printing decoration according to the product effect requirements to form a pattern decoration layer; ⑷ Spray digital glue, and print the ceramic digital glue on the surface of the engobe according to the designed pattern through an inkjet printer to form a digital glue layer. The printing gray scale of the digital glue pattern is 45-80%, and the amount of sprayed glue is 70-100 g / m 2 ; ⑸ Apply dry particles. Use a dry particle spreading machine to evenly spread the dry particles on the surface of the bricks sprayed with digital glue patterns, and use a suction fan to extract and recycle the dry particles that are not adhered by the digital glue to form a dry particle layer with a set texture and a concave and convex effect. The amount of dry particles applied is 200-400g / m 2 ; ⑹ Spray transparent glaze, and conduct high-pressure spraying decoration of transparent glaze on the brick blank with dry particles adhered to the surface to form a transparent glaze layer. The specific gravity of the transparent glaze is 1.25 - 1.30, and the glaze application amount is 150 - 170 g / m 2 , install 2 - 4 spray guns in the high-pressure glaze spraying cabinet. The spraying angle of the spray gun is 90 - 120°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 70 - 80 cm, and the glaze spraying pressure of the spray gun is 9 - 10 bar; the spraying pressure of the transparent glaze is 9 - 10 bar; ⑺ Feeding the antique tile body that has completed all decoration steps into a roller hearth kiln for firing to obtain a semi-finished antique tile; ⑻ Sequentially using a diamond abrasive elastic grinding block, a non-woven fiber grinding block and a resin silicon carbide grinding brush to perform three-dimensional flexible polishing on the semi-finished antique tile, and obtaining multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique tiles after edge grinding.

2. The preparation method of multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, the engobe in step ⑵ is sprayed by a high-pressure glazing cabinet or a disc bell, the high-pressure glazing cabinet is equipped with 4 - 6 spray guns, the spray angle of the spray gun is 90 - 120°, the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the brick surface is 70 - 80 cm, and the glazing pressure of the spray gun is 10 - 12 bar.

3. The preparation method of multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital glue in step (4) is composed of the following chemical components by weight: 36-38 parts of active calcium silicate, 40-42 parts of isopropyl myristate, 6-8 parts of polyacrylamide, 8-10 parts of fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, 1-2 parts of polyoxypropylene oxyethylene glycerol ether, and 2-4 parts of aluminate coupling agent; the gray scale of the digital glue is controlled at 45-80%, and the amount of printing glue is 70-100 g / m 2 When the amount of adhered dry particles is between 180 and 360 g / m 2 the best effect can be obtained.

4. The preparation method of multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique tiles according to claim 3, characterized in that, the digital glue further consists of the following chemical components by weight: 37 parts of reactive calcium silicate, 42 parts of isopropyl myristate, 7 parts of polyacrylamide, 9 parts of fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, 2 parts of polyoxypropylene oxyethylene glycerol ether, and 3 parts of aluminate coupling agent.

5. The preparation method of multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dry granules in the step (5) are microbead matte transparent dry granules, and the microbead matte transparent dry granules are composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.2 to 0.6 parts, SiO 2 52.0 to 55.0 parts, Al 2 O 3 15.0 to 18.0 parts, CaO 8.0 to 11.0 parts, MgO 1.0 to 2.0 parts, K 2 O 1.5 to 2.0 parts, Na 2 O 3.0 to 4.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1 to 0.2 parts, ZnO 6.0 to 7.0 parts, BaO 3.0 to 4.0 parts, SrO 5.0 to 6.0 parts.

6. The preparation method of multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, the preparation method of the dry granules in step ⑸ is to make a mixture according to the raw material ratio, then mix it evenly with a mixer, and then add the fully mixed mixture into a frit furnace, and calcine and melt it at the highest firing temperature of 900 - 1100 °C; the highest firing temperature refers to the temperature required for the mixture to melt, the molten frit flows into cold water for water quenching to form a frit, the frit is dried and then crushed and screened by a pair-roller machine, and processed into regular microbead shapes by the flame floating method to obtain microbead matte transparent dry granules with the required particle size distribution; the particle size of the microbead matte transparent dry granules is 80 - 160 mesh, the particles with a mesh number less than 80 are recycled into the pair-roller machine for cyclic crushing, and then, flame floating processing is carried out again; the particles with a mesh number greater than 160 are put into the frit furnace as raw materials for recycling.

7. The preparation method of multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, the output end of the suction fan in step ⑸ is connected to an arc-shaped dry granule suction port, the arc-shaped dry granule suction port is slightly inclined and aligned with the brick body surface, and the suction frequency of the suction fan is 45 - 55 Hz.

8. The preparation method of multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transparent glaze in step (6) consists of the following raw material components by weight: 1-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 4-6 parts of barium carbonate, 4-6 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-13 parts of albite, 3-5 parts of calcined alumina, 2-4 parts of calcined talc, 3-5 parts of dolomite, 7-9 parts of kaolin, 6-8 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-8 parts of A transparent frit, and 42-48 parts of B transparent frit.

9. The method for preparing the multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique brick according to claim 8, characterized in that The A transparent frit is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.7 to 1.2 parts, SiO 2 51.0 to 53.0 parts, AL 2 O 3 12.0 to 13.5 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1 to 0.3 parts, CaO 7.2 to 7.8 parts, MgO 3.0 to 4.0 parts, K 2 O 4.4 to 5.0 parts, Na 2 O 1.8 to 2.8 parts, ZnO 8.0 to 10.0 parts, TiO 2 0.03 to 0.1 parts, B 2 O 3 0.5 to 1.0 parts, BaO 5.0 to 7.0 parts.

10. The method for preparing the multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique brick according to claim 8, characterized in that The said B transparent frit consists of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 0.4 - 1.0 parts, SiO 2 44.0 - 46.0 parts, AL 2 O 3 18.0 - 20.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1 - 0.2 parts, CaO 7.0 - 8.5 parts, MgO 0.6 - 1.2 parts, K 2 O 1.5 - 2.0 parts, Na 2 O 4.0 - 5.5 parts, ZnO 4.0 - 5.5 parts, TiO 2 0.03 - 0.1 part, B 2 O 3 0.2 - 0.5 part, BaO 14.0 - 16.0 parts.

11. The method for preparing the multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique brick according to claim 1, characterized in that The transparent glaze in step (6) is composed of the following chemical components by weight: loss on ignition 4.0 - 5.0 parts, SiO 2 43.0 - 46.0 parts, AL 2 O 3 20.0 - 24.0 parts, Fe 2 O 3 0.1 - 0.4 parts, CaO 5.0 - 7.0 parts, MgO 1.8 - 3.0 parts, K 2 O 1.0 - 2.0 parts, Na 2 O 3.0 - 4.2 parts, ZnO 4.0 - 5.0 parts, TiO 2 0.01 - 0.05 parts, B 2 O 3 0.1 - 0.3 parts, BaO 10.0 - 12.0 parts.

12. The method for preparing the multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique brick according to claim 1, characterized in that The maximum temperature firing in step (7) is 1180-1200 °C, and the firing cycle is 60-70 minutes; the maximum temperature refers to the temperature required for sintering the ceramic blank.

13. The method for preparing the multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique brick according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (8), a three-dimensional flexible polishing of the antique brick semi-finished product is successively carried out by using a silicon carbide elastic grinding block, a non-woven fiber grinding block and a resin silicon carbide grinding brush. The polishing steps are as follows: a) Rough polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of silicon carbide elastic grinding blocks, which are 1 group of 150 mesh, 2 groups of 300 mesh, 8 groups of 600 mesh, 5 groups of 800 mesh, and 2 groups of 1000 mesh respectively; the rotation speed of the silicon carbide elastic grinding block is 1200-3000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.1-0.3 MPa; b) Fine polishing: There are a total of 18 groups of non-woven fiber grinding blocks, which are 3 groups of 150 mesh, 4 groups of 300 mesh, 3 groups of 600 mesh, and 8 groups of 4000 mesh respectively; the rotation speed of the non-woven fiber grinding block is 1200-2000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa; c) Brush polishing: There are 6 groups of resin silicon carbide grinding brushes, and the rotation speed of the resin silicon carbide grinding brush is 1200-2000 rpm, and the pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa; thus obtaining a multi-layered glossy three-dimensional texture antique brick with a surface glossiness of 8-12°, and the gloss height difference of cracks, concave surfaces and convex points within 4°.

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