Controllable rotary sliding guide drilling signal transmission and identification method and system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of controllable rotary sliding guide drilling signal transmission and identification method and system.It is mainly composed of the following steps: step one: on the ground, controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool is set state 0 (composite drilling) and state 1 (rotary sliding guide drilling) two states;Step two: initialization is state 0 before system down, and drill is down to well bottom;Step three: if rotary sliding guide drilling is needed, top drive stops rotating, adjusts the tool face angle of bent screw, stops pump 30s-60s, state is set to 1, and measurement and control system controls controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool to carry out rotary sliding guide drilling according to target tool face angle;Step four: if composite drilling is needed, stop pump 30s-60s, measurement and control system sets state to 0 (composite drilling), or when the speed is increased to speed R>5r / min, measurement and control system sets state to 0.The present application has the advantages of small signal capacity, high decoding success rate, good reliability, simple system structure, low cost and high efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of oil and gas drilling engineering, and in particular to a controllable rotary sliding guide drilling signal transmission and identification method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The bending screw sliding guide technology is low in cost, and therefore the bending screw sliding guide is still mainly used for horizontal well guide in China. For example, in 2020, the bending screw sliding guide accounted for more than 90% in Changqing tight oil and gas. In the process of bending screw sliding guide, the drill string does not rotate, and the drill string is prone to "pressure holding" due to large friction, which causes the drilling pressure to be unable to be effectively transmitted, and the mechanical drilling speed is usually only 1 / 10-1 / 5 of that of rotary drilling. "Pressure holding" causes the tool face to be difficult to adjust and control, and the drilling time is reduced by more than 30%. Moreover, a rock cuttings bed is easily formed, and the risk of sticking is high.

[0003] Drill string rotation is one of the most effective means to solve the "pressure holding" of sliding drilling. The drill string torsional pendulum system developed by PetroChina Chuanqing has realized the reciprocating rotation of the upper drill string, and the speed is increased by more than 30%. However, the application depth of the system is limited, and the speed is limited above the 2000m horizontal section. Based on the fact that the larger the rotation range of the drill string in sliding drilling is, the better the drilling effect is, the industry has proposed a new idea of "controllable rotary sliding" sliding guide, in which the drill string above the MWD is fully rotated, and the drill string below the MWD is static. Based on this principle, a number of similar patents have been invented at home and abroad, such as US5458208, US5311952, CN2651413Y, CN105525875A, CN201910386427.2, US9109402B1, CN208040307U, CN109750989A, etc. These patents are all purely mechanical, without electronic devices, and do not require signal transmission. However, there are technical problems such as uncontrollable tool face angle and large error. There is no report on the transformation of such patents. The patent CN201710028105.1 can realize real-time regulation of the tool face, but the regulation of the tool face involves mud signal downlink technology. The use of this technology requires a matching surface mud pulse emission system and downhole decoding system, which increases the operation cost of rotary sliding guide, and is not conducive to reducing the drilling cost of rotary sliding guide technology. It can be seen that the controllable rotary sliding bending screw guide drilling technology is still not mature enough to be applied to production practice. Therefore, it is urgent to invent a new signal transmission technology with low cost and good reliability. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, a controllable rotary sliding guide drilling signal transmission and identification method and system are invented. The method comprises the following steps:

[0005] S1: On the ground, set the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to two states, state 0 and state 1, wherein state 0 is composite drilling: top drive rotation + bent-screw mandrel rotation, and state 1 is rotary sliding guide drilling, and write the corresponding program into the measurement and control system (7);

[0006] S2: Before going down the well, initialize the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to state 0, lower the drilling tool into the well bottom, rotate the top drive, and drive the drill bit (1) to perform composite drilling;

[0007] S3: If rotary sliding guide drilling according to the target tool face angle β is needed, stop the top drive rotation, receive the real-time tool face angle α measured by the MWD (3) on the ground, adjust the bent-screw (2) tool face angle, and when ∣β-α∣<Δγ, the tool face angle adjustment is completed; stop the pump for 30s-60s, the measurement and control system (7) recognizes the effective signal of stopping the pump for 30s-60s, sets the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to state 1, and controls the electromagnetic valve group to control the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to isolate the upper rotation and the lower torque according to the target tool face angle β, and controls the bent-screw (2) to perform rotary sliding guide drilling according to the target tool face angle β±Δγ;

[0008] S4: If composite drilling is needed, stop the pump for 30s-60s, the measurement and control system (7) recognizes the effective signal of stopping the pump for 30s-60s, and sets the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to state 0 (composite drilling).

[0009] The pump stopping signal is recognized by the pressure difference ΔP of the tubing pressure P1 measured by the tubing pressure sensor (11) and the tubing external pressure P2 measured by the tubing external pressure sensor (10).

[0010] In S3, the bent-screw (2) performs rotary sliding guide drilling according to the target tool face angle β±Δγ, which consists of the following steps:

[0011] S31: The measurement and control system (7) measures the pressure difference ΔP of the tubing pressure P1 measured by the tubing pressure sensor (11) and the tubing external pressure P2 measured by the tubing external pressure sensor (10) in real time;

[0012] S32: When the pressure difference ΔP<0.5-1MPa, store the initial time t0;

[0013] S33: When the pressure difference ΔP<0.5-1MPa lasts for 30s, store the bent-screw tool face angle δ measured by the tool face angle measuring instrument (12) according to a frequency of 1-10Hz;

[0014] S34: When the pressure difference ΔP < 0.5-1 MPa lasts for a time t = 30 s-60 s, the stored bent-screw tool face angle δ is filtered and averaged to obtain the bent-screw tool face angle δ1;

[0015] S35: The rotating sliding guide drilling tool (4) is switched to state 1;

[0016] S36: The bent-screw (2) is rotated and slid to guide drilling according to the target tool face angle δ1±Δγ.

[0017] The state 0 and the state 1 in S1 are opposite states, that is, the controllable rotating sliding guide drilling tool (4) is always in the state 0 or the state 1; when the controllable rotating sliding guide drilling tool (4) is in the state 0, the measurement and control system (7) changes the controllable rotating sliding guide drilling tool (4) to the state 1 when an effective signal of 30 s-60 s is recognized; when the controllable rotating sliding guide drilling tool (4) is in the state 1, the measurement and control system (7) changes the controllable rotating sliding guide drilling tool (4) to the state 0 when an effective signal of 30 s-60 s is recognized.

[0018] The measurement and control system (7) measures the rotating speed R of the MWD (3) and the bent-screw (2) in real time by using the tool face measuring instrument (12), and sets the state of the controllable rotating sliding guide drilling tool (4) to 0 when the rotating speed R > 5 r / min, so that the pump stopping process during the conversion from the sliding guide drilling state to the composite drilling state can be avoided, the non-drilling operation time is reduced, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0020] (1) The signal capacity is small, the decoding success rate is high, and the reliability is good. The present application only has two signals of “0” and “1”, and the signals are alternately implemented, so that the signal capacity is very small, the bottomhole measurement and control system can easily recognize and decode, and the reliability is extremely high.

[0021] (2) The system structure is simple, and the cost is low. The present application does not need a mud pulse transmission system and a complex mud pulse decoding system at the bottomhole, and the software and hardware systems are simple, so that the cost is low.

[0022] (3) The efficiency is high, and the auxiliary operation time for signal transmission is short. The present application only needs to stop the pump for 30-60 s or increase the rotating speed to realize signal transmission, so that the time consumption is short, and the efficiency is extremely high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Fig. 1 It is a principle diagram of the controllable rotating sliding guide drilling signal transmission and recognition method;

[0024] Fig. 2 It is a controllable rotating sliding guide drilling signal recognition method;

[0025] Fig. 3 A mud pulse control signal for controllable rotary sliding steering drilling;

[0026] Fig. 4 A mud pulse and rotary combined signal for controllable rotary sliding steering drilling;

[0027] Fig. 5 A controllable rotary sliding steering drilling system schematic diagram.

[0028] In the figure: 1-drill bit, 2-bent screw, 3-MWD, 4-controllable rotary sliding steering drilling tool, 5-drill pipe, 6-electromagnetic valve group, 7-measurement and control system, 8-tubing pressure sensor, 9-tubing pressure sensor, 10-tool face angle measuring instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and effects of the present application, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Embodiment 1: as shown in the figure, the present embodiment provides a controllable rotary sliding steering drilling signal transmission and identification method and system, which is composed of the following steps: Figs. 1-3

[0031] S1: on the ground, set the controllable rotary sliding steering drilling tool (4) to state 0 and state 1, wherein state 0 is composite drilling: top drive rotation + bent screw shaft rotation, and state 1 is rotary sliding steering drilling, and write the corresponding program into the measurement and control system (7);

[0032] S2: initialize the controllable rotary sliding steering drilling tool (4) to state 0 before going down the well, lower the drilling tool into the well bottom, rotate the top drive, and drive the drill bit (1) to perform composite drilling;

[0033] S3: if it is necessary to perform rotary sliding steering drilling according to the target tool face angle β, stop the top drive from rotating, receive the real-time tool face angle α measured by the MWD (3) on the ground, adjust the bent screw (2) tool face angle, and when ∣β-α∣<Δγ, the tool face angle adjustment is completed; stop pumping for 30s-60s, the measurement and control system (7) identifies the effective signal of stopping pumping for 30s-60s, sets the controllable rotary sliding steering drilling tool (4) to state 1, and controls the electromagnetic valve group to control the controllable rotary sliding steering drilling tool (4) to isolate the upper rotation and the lower torque according to the target tool face angle β, and controls the bent screw (2) to perform rotary sliding steering drilling according to the target tool face angle β±Δγ;

[0034] ​S4: If composite drilling is needed, stop pumping for 30s-60s, and the measurement and control system (7) recognizes the effective signal of stopping pumping for 30s-60s, and sets the state of the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to 0 (composite drilling).

[0035] Embodiment 2: S1: On the ground, set the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to two states of state 0 and state 1, wherein state 0 is composite drilling: top drive rotation + bent screw mandrel rotation, and state 1 is rotary sliding guide drilling, and write the corresponding program into the measurement and control system (7);

[0036] S2: Before going down the well, initialize the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to state 0, lower the drilling tool to the bottom of the well, rotate the top drive, and drive the drill bit (1) to perform composite drilling;

[0037] S3: If rotary sliding guide drilling according to the target tool face angle β is needed, stop the top drive from rotating, receive the real-time tool face angle α measured by the MWD (3) on the ground, adjust the tool face angle of the bent screw (2), and when ∣β-α∣<Δγ, the tool face angle adjustment is completed; stop pumping for 30s-60s, and the measurement and control system (7) recognizes the effective signal of stopping pumping for 30s-60s, and sets the state of the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to 1; the measurement and control system (7) controls the electromagnetic valve group to control the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to isolate the upper rotation and the lower torque according to the target tool face angle β, and controls the bent screw (2) to perform rotary sliding guide drilling according to the target tool face angle β±Δγ;

[0038] S4: If composite drilling is needed, the measurement and control system (7) measures the rotation speed R of the MWD (3) and the bent screw (2) in real time using the tool face measuring instrument (12), and when the rotation speed R>5r / min, the measurement and control system (7) sets the state of the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to 0, which can avoid the stop-pumping process when switching from the sliding guide drilling state to the composite drilling state, reduce the non-drilling operation time, and improve the drilling efficiency.

[0039] The above merely illustrates the specific embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A controllable rotary sliding steerable drilling signal transmission and identification method, characterized in that: Composed of the following steps: S1: on the ground, set the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to two states, state 0 and state 1, state 0 is composite drilling: top drive rotation + bent screw shaft rotation, state 1 is rotary sliding guide drilling, and write the state 1 and state 0 program into the measurement and control system (7); S2: initialize the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to state 0 before going downhole, lower the drilling tool to the bottom of the well, rotate the top drive, and drive the drill bit (1) to perform composite drilling; S3: if rotary sliding guide drilling according to the target tool face angle β is needed, stop the top drive rotation, receive the real-time tool face angle α measured by the MWD (3) on the ground, adjust the bent screw (2) target tool face angle β by rotating the drill pipe (5) on the ground, when ∣β-α∣<Δγ, the tool face angle adjustment is completed; stop the pump for 30s-60s, the measurement and control system (7) recognizes the effective signal of stopping the pump for 30s-60s, sets the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to state 1, and controls the electromagnetic valve group to control the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to isolate the upper rotation and the lower torque according to the target tool face angle β, and controls the bent screw (2) to perform rotary sliding guide drilling according to the target tool face angle β±Δγ; S4: if composite drilling is needed, stop the pump for 30s-60s, the measurement and control system (7) recognizes the effective signal of stopping the pump for 30s-60s, sets the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) from state 1 rotary sliding guide drilling to state 0 composite drilling; In S3, the bent screw (2) performs rotary sliding guide drilling according to the target tool face angle β±Δγ, which is composed of the following steps: S31: the measurement and control system (7) measures the pressure difference ΔP of the tubing pressure sensor (9) measured tubing pressure P1 and the tubing pressure sensor (8) measured tubing pressure P2 in real time; S32: when the pressure difference ΔP<0.5-1MPa, store the initial time t0; S33: when the pressure difference ΔP<0.5-1MPa lasts for 30s, store the bent screw tool face angle δ measured by the tool face angle measuring instrument (12) according to the frequency of 1-10Hz; S34: when the pressure difference ΔP<0.5-1MPa lasts for 30s-60s, filter the stored bent screw tool face angle δ, take the average, and get the bent screw tool face angle δ1; S35: the measurement and control system (7) converts the state 0 of the rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to state 1; S36: open the pump and rotate the drill pipe (5), at the same time, the measurement and control system (7) controls the rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to perform rotary sliding guide drilling according to the target tool face angle δ1±Δγ; In S4, before stopping the pump, the rotation speed of the drill pipe (5) is increased, and the measurement and control system (7) measures the rotation speed R of the MWD (3) and the bent screw (2) in real time by using the tool face measuring instrument (10). When the rotation speed R is greater than 10 r / min, the measurement and control system (7) sets the state of the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to 0. If the rotation speed of the drill pipe (5) cannot be set to state 0 from state 1, the pump is started and stopped for 30 s to 60 s, the state of the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) is set from state 1 to state 0, the pump stopping process for converting from the sliding guide drilling state to the composite drilling state is avoided, the non-drilling operation time is reduced, and the drilling efficiency is improved. The two signals of increasing the rotation speed and stopping the pump can improve the reliability of signal recognition of the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4).

2. The controllable rotary sliding guide drilling signal transmission and identification method of claim 1, wherein: In S1, state 0 and state 1 are opposite states, that is, the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) is always in state 0 or state 1. When the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) is in state 0, the measurement and control system (7) changes the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to state 1 when an effective signal of 30 s to 60 s is recognized. When the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) is in state 1, the measurement and control system (7) changes the controllable rotary sliding guide drilling tool (4) to state 0 when an effective signal of 30 s to 60 s is recognized.

3. The controllable rotary sliding guide drilling signal transmission and identification method of claim 1, wherein: The pump stopping signal is recognized by the pressure difference ΔP between the tubing pressure P1 measured by the tubing pressure sensor (9) and the casing pressure P2 measured by the casing pressure sensor (8).

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