A battery interface circuit

Abstract

This invention discloses a battery interface circuit, connected to a charging interface and a load, comprising: a pre-charge module, a voltage divider module, and a switching module. The pre-charge module is connected to both the charging interface and the voltage divider module. The voltage divider module is connected to the switching module. The switching module is connected to both the charging interface and the load, and is positioned on the branches of the charging interface and the load. This invention uses the pre-charge module and the switching module to set a first voltage and a second voltage to control the current input, preventing large currents from flowing into the load and causing the charging interface to catch fire. Furthermore, by positioning the switching module on the branches of the charging interface and the load, if the charging interface is reversed, the switching module stops outputting a third voltage signal to the load, thus solving the problem of component damage caused by reversed charging interface connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of home appliance technology, and more particularly to a battery interface circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, some home appliances on the market are powered by battery swapping, which means they are powered by replacing batteries.

[0003] However, currently, when various battery-swapping robotic vacuum cleaners, mops / sweepers, handheld power tools, and other home appliances use multiple lithium battery packs for power, they basically use high-power switches to switch batteries or directly power on the device. This can easily cause arcing at the charging interface during the initial power-on process of the lithium battery pack, and it also cannot handle the problem of component damage caused by reverse connection of the charging interface.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies still need to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery interface circuit to solve the problems of arcing at the charging interface when powered on and damage to components when the charging interface is reversed in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A battery interface circuit, connected to a charging interface and a load respectively, includes: a precharge module, a voltage divider module, and a switching module;

[0008] The pre-charge module is connected to the charging interface and the voltage divider module respectively, and is used to charge and discharge according to the first voltage signal output by the charging interface, and output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module when the charging voltage exceeds the first voltage.

[0009] The voltage divider module is connected to the switch module and is used to divide the voltage of the switch module when receiving the second voltage signal;

[0010] The switch module is connected to the charging interface and the load respectively, and is set on the branch of the charging interface and the load. It is used to output a third voltage signal to the load when the voltage value of the second voltage signal is greater than the second voltage, and to stop outputting the third voltage signal to the load when the charging interface is reversed.

[0011] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the battery interface circuit further includes: a filtering module;

[0012] The filtering module is connected to the switching module and the load respectively, and is used to filter the third voltage signal and output it to the load.

[0013] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the pre-charge module includes: a charging and discharging unit and a control unit;

[0014] The charging and discharging unit is connected to the charging interface and is used to receive the first voltage signal from the charging interface and to charge and discharge.

[0015] The control unit is connected to the charging and discharging unit and the voltage divider module respectively, and is used to output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module when the charging voltage of the charging and discharging unit is greater than the first voltage.

[0016] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the charging and discharging unit includes: a first resistor and a first capacitor;

[0017] One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the charging interface, the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the other end of the charging interface.

[0018] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the control unit includes: a second resistor and a first switching transistor;

[0019] The second resistor is connected to both the charging interface and the first switching transistor, and is used to limit the current of the first switching transistor.

[0020] The first switching transistor is connected to the charging and discharging unit and the voltage divider module respectively, and is used to output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module when the charging voltage of the charging and discharging unit is greater than the first voltage.

[0021] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the first voltage is the turn-on voltage of the first switching transistor.

[0022] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the first switching transistor is a triode.

[0023] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the voltage divider module includes: a Zener diode;

[0024] The negative terminal of the Zener diode is connected to the precharge module, and the positive terminal of the Zener diode is connected to the switching module.

[0025] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the switching module includes: a first field-effect transistor and a second field-effect transistor;

[0026] The gate of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the voltage divider module, the drain of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the load, the source of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor, the gate of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the voltage divider module, and the drain of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the charging interface.

[0027] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the filtering module includes: a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor;

[0028] One end of the second capacitor is connected to the charging interface, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the switching module;

[0029] The third capacitor is connected in parallel with the second capacitor;

[0030] The fourth capacitor is connected in parallel with the third capacitor.

[0031] The present invention provides a battery interface circuit, which is connected to a charging interface and a load, and includes: a pre-charge module, a voltage divider module, and a switching module; the pre-charge module is connected to the charging interface and the voltage divider module, and is used to charge and discharge according to a first voltage signal output by the charging interface, and output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module when the charging voltage exceeds the first voltage; the voltage divider module is connected to the switching module, and is used to divide the voltage of the switching module when receiving the second voltage signal; the switching module is connected to the charging interface and the load, and is disposed on the branch of the charging interface and the load, and is used to output a third voltage signal to the load when the voltage value of the second voltage signal is greater than the second voltage, and to stop outputting the third voltage signal to the load when the charging interface is reversed. This invention uses the pre-charge module and the switch module to set the first voltage and the second voltage to control the current input, preventing large current from flowing into the load and causing the charging interface to catch fire. Furthermore, by setting the switch module on the branch between the charging interface and the load, if the charging interface is reversed, the switch module stops outputting the third voltage signal to the load, thus solving the problem of component damage caused by the charging interface being reversed. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery interface circuit in this invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery interface circuit in this invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the battery interface circuit in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] This invention provides a battery interface circuit. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0037] In the implementation methods and claims, unless otherwise specified in the text, the terms "a," "an," "the," and "the" may also include plural forms. If the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions of "first," "second," etc., such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0038] It should be further understood that the term "comprising" as used in this specification means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term "and / or" as used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0039] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0040] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0041] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a battery interface circuit.

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a battery interface circuit, which is connected to a charging interface P1 and a load P2 respectively, including: a pre-charge module 100, a voltage divider module 200, and a switch module 300; the pre-charge module 100 is connected to the charging interface P1 and the voltage divider module 200 respectively, and is used to charge and discharge according to a first voltage signal output by the charging interface P1, and output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module 200 when the charging voltage exceeds the first voltage; the voltage divider module 200 is connected to the switch module 300, and is used to divide the voltage of the switch module 300 when receiving the second voltage signal; the switch module 300 is connected to the charging interface P1 and the load P2 respectively, and is disposed on the branch of the charging interface P1 and the load P2, and is used to output a third voltage signal to the load P2 when the voltage value of the second voltage signal is greater than the second voltage, and to stop outputting the third voltage signal to the load P2 when the charging interface P1 is reversed.

[0043] Specifically, the pre-charge module 100 is connected in parallel with the charging interface P1 and connected to the voltage divider module 200. When the charging interface P1 is connected to the battery, i.e., when the battery interface circuit is powered on, the pre-charge module 100 receives the first voltage signal output by the charging interface P1 and begins charging. When the charging voltage exceeds the first voltage, it outputs a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module 200 to power the voltage divider module 200. The voltage divider module 200 is connected to the switch module 300. When the voltage divider module 200 receives power, i.e., when it receives the second voltage signal, the switch module 300 also begins to receive voltage input, i.e., receives the second voltage signal. Since the switch module 300 has an operating voltage, if the input voltage is too high, i.e., the second voltage signal is too high, the components of the switch module 300 are easily damaged. Therefore, the voltage divider module 200 is connected to the switch module 300 to perform voltage division, preventing the switch module 300 from being damaged due to overvoltage. The switch module 300 is connected to the load P2. When the voltage value of the second voltage signal is greater than the second voltage, it outputs a third voltage signal to the load P2 to supply power to the load P2. When the voltage value of the second voltage signal is less than or equal to the second voltage, it will not output a third voltage signal to the load P2. That is to say, at the moment the charging interface P1 is powered on, the first voltage and the second voltage are set by the pre-charge module 100 and the switch module 300 to control the current input and prevent a large current from flowing into the load P2, which could cause the charging interface P1 to catch fire. Furthermore, the switch module 300 is also connected to the charging interface P1 and is located on the branch between the charging interface P1 and the load P2. If the charging interface P1 is reversed, the switch module 300 stops outputting the third voltage signal to the load P2 to solve the problem of component damage caused by the charging interface P1 being reversed.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the pre-charge module 100 includes a charging / discharging unit 110 and a control unit 120. The charging / discharging unit 110 is connected in parallel with the charging interface P1. When the charging interface P1 is connected to the battery, i.e., when the charging interface P1 is powered on, a first voltage signal is output to the charging / discharging unit 110. When the charging / discharging unit 110 receives the first voltage signal, i.e., when the charging / discharging unit 110 starts to have current input, the charging / discharging unit 110 starts to charge. The control unit 120 has a built-in first voltage and is connected to the charging / discharging unit 110. When the charging voltage of the charging / discharging unit 110 reaches the first voltage, the control unit 120 starts to receive the first voltage signal input, i.e., when current input begins. The control unit 120 is also connected to the voltage divider module 200. When the control module starts to have current input, a second voltage signal is output to the voltage divider module 200 to power the voltage divider module 200.

[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the charging and discharging unit 110 includes: a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1; one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the charging interface P1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the charging interface P1.

[0046] Specifically, an RC series circuit is formed by the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1. The first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the charging interface P1, and the first capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the charging interface P1. This allows the RC series circuit to receive the first voltage signal output from the charging interface P1, causing the first capacitor C1 to charge and discharge. The charging speed is related to the values ​​of the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1; a larger resistance value of the first resistor R1 results in slower charging, and a larger capacitance value of the first capacitor C1 also results in slower charging. Therefore, the charging speed can be adjusted by changing the resistance value of the first resistor R1 or the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1.

[0047] It should be noted that after the battery is powered, since the first resistor R1 is not connected to the ground wire, no additional current is generated. And the first capacitor C1 will not generate current after it is fully charged. Therefore, by connecting the first resistor R1 to one end of the charging interface P1 and the first capacitor C1 to the other end of the charging interface P1, low power consumption can be maintained and battery life can be improved.

[0048] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the control unit 120 includes: a second resistor R2 and a first switch Q1; the second resistor R2 is connected to the charging interface P1 and the first switch Q1 respectively, and is used to limit the current of the first switch Q1; the first switch Q1 is connected to the charging and discharging unit 110 and the voltage divider module 200 respectively, and is used to output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module 200 when the charging voltage of the charging and discharging unit 110 is greater than the first voltage.

[0049] Specifically, the first switch Q1 is connected to the charging / discharging unit 110 and the voltage divider module 200 respectively. When the charging voltage of the charging / discharging unit 110 is greater than the first voltage, where the first voltage is the turn-on voltage of the first switch Q1, that is, when the charging voltage of the charging / discharging unit 110 is greater than the turn-on voltage of the first switch Q1, the first switch Q1 is turned on, so that the first switch Q1 has current input, and then outputs a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module 200, thereby supplying power to the voltage divider module 200.

[0050] Since the first switch Q1 has an operating voltage, if the input voltage to the first switch Q1 is too high, the first switch Q1 will burn out. Therefore, the first resistor R1 is connected to the first switch Q1, and the first resistor R1 provides current limiting protection for the first switch Q1 to prevent the first switch Q1 from burning out.

[0051] Wherein, the first switching transistor Q1 can be a bipolar transistor, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the base of the transistor is connected to the charging / discharging unit 110, the collector of the transistor is connected to the first resistor R1, and the emitter of the transistor is connected to the voltage divider module 200. When the charging voltage of the charging / discharging unit 110 reaches the transistor's turn-on voltage, a base current is generated, causing current to flow into the emitter, i.e., current flows into the voltage divider module 200. Furthermore, by using a transistor as the first switching transistor Q1, the cost is lower. Similarly, the first switching transistor Q1 can also be a field-effect transistor (FET), which has better switching characteristics and faster switching speed. The specific choice can be made according to the actual situation.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the voltage divider module 200 includes: a Zener diode DZ1; the negative terminal of the Zener diode DZ1 is connected to the precharge module 100, and the positive terminal of the Zener diode DZ1 is connected to the switch module 300.

[0053] Specifically, by connecting the negative terminal of the Zener diode DZ1 to the pre-charge module 100 and the positive terminal of the Zener diode DZ1 to the switching module 300, the Zener diode DZ1 operates in reverse breakdown mode. When the Zener diode DZ1 operates in reverse breakdown mode, its current can vary over a wide range while its voltage remains essentially constant. In other words, when the pre-charge module 100 outputs a first voltage signal to the Zener diode DZ1, regardless of the current of the second voltage signal, the voltage of the Zener diode DZ1 remains constant. By connecting the Zener diode DZ1 to the switching module 300 in series, the voltage divided by the Zener diode DZ1 remains constant regardless of the input resistance of the switching module 300. This allows for voltage division when the input resistance of the switching module 300 is too high, thereby protecting the switching module 300 from damage due to overvoltage.

[0054] In one embodiment, the switching module 300 includes: a first field-effect transistor T1 and a second field-effect transistor T2; the gate G1 of the first field-effect transistor T1 is connected to the voltage divider module 200, the drain D1 of the first field-effect transistor T1 is connected to the load P2, the source S1 of the first field-effect transistor T1 is connected to the source S2 of the second field-effect transistor T2, the gate G2 of the second field-effect transistor T2 is connected to the voltage divider module 200, and the drain D2 of the second field-effect transistor T2 is connected to the charging interface P1.

[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the gate G1 of the first field-effect transistor T1 is connected to the voltage divider module 200, and the gate G2 of the second field-effect transistor T2 is connected to the voltage divider module 200. When the voltage divider module 200 receives the second voltage signal, the gate G1 of the first field-effect transistor T1 and the gate G2 of the second field-effect transistor T2 also receive the second voltage signal, so that the first field-effect transistor T1 and the second field-effect transistor T2 are turned on simultaneously.

[0056] In this configuration, the gate G1 of the first field-effect transistor T1 is connected to the voltage divider module 200, the source S1 of the first field-effect transistor T1 is connected to the source S2 of the second field-effect transistor T2, and the drain D2 of the second field-effect transistor T2 is connected to one end of the charging interface P1. When the gate G1 of the first field-effect transistor T1 receives a second voltage signal, the gate G1 of the first field-effect transistor T1, the source S1 of the first field-effect transistor T1, the source S2 of the second field-effect transistor T2, the drain D2 of the second field-effect transistor T2, and one end of the charging interface P1 (grounded) are connected, thus forming a current loop. When the voltage value of the second voltage signal reaches the turn-on voltage of the first field-effect transistor T1, the first field-effect transistor T1 is turned on. Similarly, when the voltage value of the second voltage signal reaches the turn-on voltage of the second field-effect transistor T2, the second field-effect transistor T2 is turned on. When the first field-effect transistor T1 and the second field-effect transistor T2 are turned on, current flows between the drain D2 and source S2 of the second field-effect transistor T2, and current flows between the drain D1 and source S1 of the first field-effect transistor T1. This means that a third voltage signal is output and connected to the load P2 through the drain D1 of the first field-effect transistor T1, thereby providing current to the load P2.

[0057] It should be noted that when the charging interface P1 is reversed, that is, when the gate G1 of the first field-effect transistor T1 and the gate G2 of the second field-effect transistor T2 are at 0, and when the drain D2 of the second field-effect transistor T2 is connected to a voltage, the source S2 and the drain D2 of the second field-effect transistor T2 are cut off, and a current loop cannot be formed. As a result, the first field-effect transistor T1 cannot be turned on, causing the negative current to flow through the load P2, that is, stopping the output of the third voltage signal to the load P2, so as to prevent the load P2 from being damaged when the charging interface P1 is reversed.

[0058] In addition, the switching module 300 uses the first field-effect transistor T1 and the second field-effect transistor T2. The field-effect transistor is a voltage-type device with infinite internal resistance. After being powered by the battery, it will not generate current, that is, there is no loss of battery power. Therefore, the battery can be kept in a low power consumption state, thereby improving the battery's battery life.

[0059] In one embodiment, the battery interface circuit further includes a filter module 400; by connecting the filter module 400 to the switch module 300, the third voltage signal output by the switch module 300 is filtered and output to the load P2, so as to provide a stable DC voltage for the load P2.

[0060] Specifically, the filtering module 400 includes a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4. One end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to both the charging interface P1 and the pre-charge module 100, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the switching module 300. The third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2, and the fourth capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3. By connecting the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3, and the fourth capacitor C4 in parallel, the overall capacitance is increased. A larger capacitance results in a better filtering effect. The number and size of the capacitors can be set according to actual conditions.

[0061] In summary, the battery interface circuit provided by the present invention is connected to a charging interface and a load, and includes: a pre-charge module, a voltage divider module, and a switching module; the pre-charge module is connected to the charging interface and the voltage divider module, and is used to charge and discharge according to a first voltage signal output by the charging interface, and output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module when the charging voltage exceeds the first voltage; the voltage divider module is connected to the switching module, and is used to divide the voltage of the switching module when receiving the second voltage signal; the switching module is connected to the charging interface and the load, and is disposed on the branch of the charging interface and the load, and is used to output a third voltage signal to the load when the voltage value of the second voltage signal is greater than the second voltage, and to stop outputting the third voltage signal to the load when the charging interface is reversed. This invention uses the pre-charge module and the switch module to set the first voltage and the second voltage to control the current input, preventing large current from flowing into the load and causing the charging interface to catch fire. Furthermore, by setting the switch module on the branch between the charging interface and the load, if the charging interface is reversed, the switch module stops outputting the third voltage signal to the load, thus solving the problem of component damage caused by the charging interface being reversed.

[0062] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery interface circuit, connected to a charging interface and a load respectively, characterized in that, include: Precharge module, voltage divider module, switch module; The pre-charge module is connected to both the charging interface and the voltage divider module, and is used to charge and discharge according to the first voltage signal output by the charging interface, and to output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module when the charging voltage exceeds the first voltage; the pre-charge module includes a charging and discharging unit and a control unit; The charging and discharging unit is connected to the charging interface and is used to receive the first voltage signal from the charging interface and to charge and discharge. The control unit is connected to the charging and discharging unit and the voltage divider module respectively, and is used to output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module when the charging voltage of the charging and discharging unit is greater than the first voltage; The charging and discharging unit includes: a first resistor and a first capacitor; One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the charging interface, the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the other end of the charging interface. The control unit includes: a second resistor and a first switching transistor; The second resistor is connected to both the charging interface and the first switching transistor, and is used to limit the current of the first switching transistor. The first switching transistor is connected to the charging and discharging unit and the voltage divider module respectively, and is used to output a second voltage signal to the voltage divider module when the charging voltage of the charging and discharging unit is greater than the first voltage; The voltage divider module is connected to the switch module and is used to divide the voltage of the switch module when receiving the second voltage signal; The switch module is connected to the charging interface and the load respectively, and is set on the branch of the charging interface and the load. It is used to output a third voltage signal to the load when the voltage value of the second voltage signal is greater than the second voltage, and to stop outputting the third voltage signal to the load when the charging interface is reversed.

2. The battery interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Filtering module; The filtering module is connected to the switching module and the load respectively, and is used to filter the third voltage signal and output it to the load.

3. The battery interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first voltage is the turn-on voltage of the first switching transistor.

4. The battery interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switching transistor is a triode.

5. The battery interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage divider module includes: a Zener diode; The negative terminal of the Zener diode is connected to the precharge module, and the positive terminal of the Zener diode is connected to the switching module.

6. The battery interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes: a first field-effect transistor and a second field-effect transistor; The gate of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the voltage divider module, the drain of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the load, the source of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor, the gate of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the voltage divider module, and the drain of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the charging interface.

7. The battery interface circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filtering module includes: a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor; One end of the second capacitor is connected to the charging interface, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the switching module; The third capacitor is connected in parallel with the second capacitor; The fourth capacitor is connected in parallel with the third capacitor.

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