Solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated communication machine room and energy management and multi-mode refrigeration control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated communication machine room and an energy management and multi-mode refrigeration control method thereof, and belongs to the field of solar photovoltaic power generation green low-carbon communication machine rooms. The communication machine room takes an optical storage all-in-one machine and a unified direct-current bus as a core, photovoltaic power is connected to the direct-current bus through DC / DC, stored energy is connected to the direct-current bus through bidirectional DC / DC, commercial power is connected to the direct-current bus through AC / DC, a bus voltage stabilizing module is configured, and photovoltaic power supply priority, residual power charging and gap energy complementation are achieved. The energy management method comprises the steps of collecting power and a charge state to generate a state quantity, distributing the power according to priorities and issuing a control instruction. According to the refrigeration control method, the refrigeration mode or the mixed mode of the heat pipe and the compressor is switched according to the outdoor temperature threshold value and the refrigeration requirement, the three-way valve, the compressor and the fan are cooperatively controlled, and hysteretic and minimum retention time constraints are adopted to restrain frequent switching. According to the scheme, the renewable energy proportion and power supply continuity are improved, refrigeration energy consumption is reduced, and temperature control of the machine room is kept stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of green and low-carbon communication equipment rooms with solar photovoltaic power generation, and involves solar photovoltaic power generation, battery energy storage, DC power supply, heat pipe air conditioning and intelligent control technology. In particular, it relates to an integrated communication equipment room with solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage and its energy management and multi-mode cooling control method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of information technology infrastructure, communication equipment rooms are facing increasing energy consumption issues due to the evolution of sites towards distributed, miniaturized, and high-computing-power architectures, leading to higher heat load and peak power per unit area. This also places higher demands on security, maintainability, and environmental adaptability. In recent years, the proportion of renewable energy utilization has been increasing year by year. Data centers, as major energy consumers, are seeking green development, integrating renewable energy sources such as solar photovoltaic power generation, and developing green and low-carbon data centers, which has become an industry trend.

[0003] Existing projects have attempted to configure photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage at the site side, achieving grid-connected power supply through power converters and utilizing Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to enhance PV output. However, many solutions have long power conversion links, resulting in repeated DC-AC-DC or multi-voltage level conversions, leading to a decrease in overall efficiency. Simultaneously, PV output is intermittent due to irradiance and temperature, which does not match the time-varying demands of communication and cooling loads. If the Energy Management System (EMS) lacks constraints on bus voltage, charge / discharge rate, temperature rise, and lifespan, it can easily cause bus fluctuations, frequent charging / discharging, and accelerated battery degradation, thereby weakening backup power capacity and operational economy. Furthermore, inadequate coordination between off-grid switching and protection may introduce the risk of power supply transients.

[0004] On the temperature control side, computer rooms often use precision air conditioners with compressor cooling to maintain the intake air temperature of equipment, resulting in high energy consumption over long periods. While methods such as ventilation and heat exchange using natural cold sources, heat pipe heat exchange, and indirect evaporative cooling can reduce the proportion of compressor cooling, they are constrained by outdoor temperature and humidity, dew point, and condensation risks. Furthermore, if the switching between energy-saving modes and compressor cooling lacks clear thresholds, hysteresis, and interlock protection, it may cause fluctuations in supply air temperature, frequent start-stop cycles, and localized overheating, affecting stability and maintenance costs.

[0005] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN115397207A discloses a photovoltaic-driven heat pipe composite data center air conditioning unit, in which the photovoltaic modules power the air conditioner via a battery / inverter, but it focuses on the air supply structure of the air conditioner and does not involve the DC IT load power supply organization. Chinese patent CN104329758A discloses a photovoltaic-driven heat pipe composite data center air conditioning unit, in which photovoltaic and grid complementary drive the heat pipe and compressor in a dual-cycle manner, but it lacks energy storage coordination and bus stability constraints. Chinese patent CN104315668A discloses a control method for a photovoltaic-driven heat pipe composite data center air conditioning unit, which switches modes according to outdoor temperature thresholds, but it lacks load priority and grid connection / disconnection protection. In other words, existing solutions mostly focus on the air conditioning end and are difficult to achieve data center-level power supply-cooling coordination.

[0006] In summary, while introducing photovoltaics and energy storage, and employing various cooling / heat exchange methods to reduce energy consumption, communication equipment rooms still generally face challenges such as efficiency losses due to multiple power conversion stages, insufficient coupling between renewable energy output and load leading to risks to power supply and energy storage lifespan, and imperfect control strategies for utilizing natural cold sources, making it difficult to balance temperature control stability and energy efficiency. Therefore, achieving efficient energy organization and collaborative management for communication equipment rooms while ensuring power supply continuity and temperature control safety is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (a) Technical issues To address at least one of the aforementioned shortcomings and deficiencies in existing technologies, this invention aims to provide an integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room, along with its energy management and multi-mode cooling control method. By constructing a collaborative energy supply architecture of photovoltaic power generation, battery energy storage, and DC loads, and combining energy management strategies to constrain and regulate photovoltaic output, energy storage charging and discharging, and DC bus voltage, photovoltaic power generation is prioritized, followed by energy storage. Photovoltaic power generation is directly used for DC IT loads, DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor units, and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminals, eliminating intermediate inverter stages, reducing energy conversion losses, and improving photovoltaic utilization. The cooling system, composed of DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor units and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminals, achieves adaptive switching and stable operation of heat pipe natural cooling, compressor cooling, and hybrid cooling based on outdoor temperature thresholds and cooling demand. This fully utilizes natural cold sources, has a high energy efficiency ratio, and effectively reduces the equipment room's PUE. The energy management system within the integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit enables flexible energy usage strategies, maximizing cost savings and efficiency.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The first objective of this invention is to provide an integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room, used to provide high-proportion renewable energy power supply and high-efficiency cooling for DC power loads and cooling equipment within the communication equipment room. It includes an integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit and electrically connected to it a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a battery energy storage system, a mains power grid interface, DC IT loads, and a cooling system, wherein: The integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit includes at least an energy management system and a power conversion unit for DC step-down frequency regulation and AC-DC conversion. The energy management system is configured to: control the discharge of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, the charging and discharging of the battery energy storage system, and the power supply switching of the mains grid interface, so that the photovoltaic output power is preferentially supplied to the DC IT load and cooling system, and the remaining power is used to charge the battery energy storage system. When the solar photovoltaic power generation system and the battery energy storage system cannot provide sufficient power, the system controls the mains grid interface to supply power to the DC IT load and cooling system through the power conversion unit. The refrigeration system includes an outdoor unit of a DC heat pipe air conditioner and an indoor terminal unit of a DC heat pipe air conditioner. The outdoor unit is connected to at least one indoor terminal unit of a DC heat pipe air conditioner via a gas collection pipe and a liquid distribution pipe. The outdoor unit is equipped with a refrigerant inlet three-way valve and a refrigerant outlet three-way valve. By coordinating the control of the refrigerant inlet three-way valve and the refrigerant outlet three-way valve, the refrigerant flow direction is switched, so that the refrigeration system operates in one of the following modes: heat pipe refrigeration mode, compressor refrigeration mode, or a hybrid mode of heat pipe refrigeration and compressor refrigeration.

[0009] The second objective of this invention is to provide an energy management method for the aforementioned integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room, comprising at least the following steps: SS1. Operational Status Information Acquisition: Periodically collect the effective output power of the photovoltaic side, the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system, the available power margin of the mains side, the DC bus voltage deviation, and the real-time equivalent load power information of the DC IT load and the cooling system; SS2. Power Gap / Remaining Power Calculation: Calculate the power gap or remaining power based on the real-time equivalent load power and the effective output power of the photovoltaic side, and determine the available energy source by combining the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system and the available power margin of the mains power. SS3. Photovoltaic priority power supply and surplus power charging: When the effective output power of the photovoltaic side is not less than the real-time equivalent load power, the first DC / DC conversion module is controlled to perform maximum power point tracking and supply power to the DC bus to cover the load demand. At the same time, the second DC / DC conversion module is controlled to be in charging mode to charge the battery using the surplus power, and the charging power is limited when the equivalent state of charge reaches the upper limit threshold. SS4. Energy Storage Discharge and Mains Power Supplement: When the effective output power of the photovoltaic side is less than the real-time equivalent load power, if the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system is higher than the lower threshold, the second DC / DC converter module is controlled to be in discharge mode to supplement the DC bus to reduce the power gap. If the power gap still exists or the equivalent state of charge is not higher than the lower threshold, the AC / DC converter module is controlled to draw power from the mains and supplement the DC bus to cover the remaining power gap. SS5. Bus voltage regulation coordination and command issuance: Based on the DC bus voltage deviation, generate voltage regulation control commands for the DC bus voltage regulation module, and coordinately issue enable commands and power commands or current commands to the first DC / DC conversion module, the second DC / DC conversion module, and the AC / DC conversion module to maintain the DC bus voltage within the set operating range and ensure power supply continuity.

[0010] The third objective of this invention is to provide a multi-mode cooling control method for the aforementioned integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room, comprising at least the following steps: S100. Parameter Acquisition and Demand Characterization: Collect outdoor ambient temperature, return air temperature of communication equipment room and / or intake air temperature of cabinet, and collect cooling system operating parameters, and generate real-time cooling demand Q based on temperature deviation and / or temperature rise rate; S200. Cooling Mode Determination and Decision: Based on outdoor ambient temperature T out With the preset first temperature threshold T th1 Second temperature threshold T th2 Comparison and judgment, T th1 <T th2 When T out ≤T th1 When the environmental conditions are deemed to meet the natural cooling requirements, switch to the heat pipe natural circulation cooling mode; when T out ≥T th2 When the ambient temperature is determined to be too high and forced cooling is required, the system switches to compressor active cooling mode; when T th1 <T out <T th2 When the temperature is determined to be in the transition temperature range, the system switches to a hybrid cooling mode combining heat pipe and compressor. S300. Refrigerant Flow Path Switching Execution: Determine the output valve position control command according to the refrigeration mode, and coordinate the control of the inlet refrigerant three-way valve and the outlet refrigerant three-way valve to switch the refrigerant flow direction, so that the refrigeration system forms a refrigerant circulation loop corresponding to the target mode and completes the connection or disconnection of the heat pipe natural circulation branch and the compressor refrigeration branch. S400. Compressor and fan coordinated adjustment: In the heat pipe natural circulation cooling mode, the DC compressor stops running and the outdoor DC fan speed is adjusted to enhance the heat pipe condenser heat dissipation; in the compressor active cooling mode, the start / stop or output frequency of the DC compressor is controlled, and the speed of the indoor terminal DC fan and the outdoor DC fan are adjusted synchronously to match the compressor load and meet the heat exchange requirements of the evaporator and condenser sides; in the hybrid cooling mode, the DC compressor is controlled to operate in a way that compensates for the cooling capacity and the compressor output is set according to Q, while the outdoor DC fan speed is kept within the set range that meets the heat dissipation requirements of the heat pipe condenser branch; S500. Closed-loop feedback and stability constraints: Based on the return air temperature and / or the cabinet inlet air temperature, the compressor frequency command and fan speed command are corrected by closed-loop feedback. During mode switching, the three-way valve switching and compressor output are gradually adjusted and the rate of change is constrained to reduce switching transients, suppress frequent switching and maintain stable temperature control in the communication room.

[0011] (III) Technical Effects Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects of the integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room and its energy management and multi-mode cooling control method provided by this invention are as follows: (1) This invention constructs a photovoltaic-energy storage-mains power conversion architecture with a unified DC bus as the core. Photovoltaic power generation is used first and energy storage is used second. Photovoltaic power generation is directly used for DC IT loads, DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor units, and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminals. There is no intermediate inverter link, which reduces power conversion loss and improves photovoltaic utilization.

[0012] (2) The DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal in this invention, through the mode determination mechanism based on the outdoor temperature threshold and real-time cooling demand, combined with the flow path switching of the inlet and outlet refrigerant three-way valve, realize the adaptive switching of heat pipe natural circulation cooling, compressor active cooling and hybrid cooling, make full use of natural cold source, have high energy efficiency ratio, and can effectively reduce the PUE of the computer room.

[0013] (3) The present invention uses the energy management system in the photovoltaic-storage integrated machine to periodically collect and process the photovoltaic output power, load power, bus electrical parameters and energy storage charge status to form state variables that can be used for control decision-making. Based on power gap calculation and priority power allocation strategy, it generates multi-module collaborative control commands to realize a flexible energy use strategy of photovoltaic priority direct supply - surplus power charging - gap discharge - insufficient grid power supplementation, reducing grid power dependence and peak power demand, and maximizing cost savings and efficiency improvement. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the power supply provided by the solar photovoltaic power generation system for the communication equipment room of the present invention, with the remaining power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system stored in a battery energy storage system.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the communication equipment room of the present invention when it is powered by a battery energy storage system.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how, when neither the solar photovoltaic power generation system nor the battery energy storage system can provide sufficient power in the communication equipment room of this invention, the DC IT load and the DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit automatically switch to power supply from the mains power grid interface.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery energy storage system for the communication equipment room of the present invention storing electrical energy when the mains electricity price is low at night.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the energy management method for a communication equipment room according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the multi-mode cooling control method for communication equipment rooms according to the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Solar photovoltaic power generation system, 2-Battery energy storage system, 3-Integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit, 3-1 Energy management system, 4-DC IT load, 5-DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit, 5-1 DC compressor, 5-2 Outdoor DC fan, 5-3 Heat pipe condenser, 5-4 Air conditioner condenser, 5-5 Throttling device, 5-6 Air conditioner intermediate heat exchanger, 5-7 Refrigerant inlet three-way valve, 5-8 Refrigerant outlet three-way valve, 6-DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal, 6-1 Indoor terminal DC fan, 6-2 Heat pipe evaporator, 7-Main power grid interface, 8-Gas collection pipe, 9-Dispensing pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This invention aims to provide an integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room and its energy management and multi-mode cooling control method. To better understand this invention, the following embodiments further illustrate its content, making its advantages and features more readily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the following descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the invention, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Equivalent substitutions or modifications to the structural form, parameter range, and control details without departing from the inventive concept should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0023] Example 1: Communication Equipment Room As a specific example, Figure 1The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the communication equipment room of the present invention includes a solar photovoltaic power generation system 1, a battery energy storage system 2, a photovoltaic-energy storage integrated unit 3, a DC IT load 4, a cooling system (including a DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5 and a DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6), and a mains power grid interface 7. The photovoltaic-energy storage integrated unit 3 is connected between the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1, the battery energy storage system 2, the mains power grid interface 7, the DC IT load 4, the DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and the DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6 to realize power conversion; wherein the DC IT load 4 and the cooling system are both connected to a unified DC power supply side in a DC manner, avoiding the additional conversion losses caused by the AC side inverter and rectification link.

[0024] The integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit 3 can control the discharge process of the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 and the charging and discharging process of the battery energy storage system 2. It can also perform DC step-down frequency regulation and AC / DC conversion. In the absence of a power grid, it can directly supply power to the DC IT load 4, the DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and the DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6. When using the mains power grid, it can be connected to the mains power grid interface 7 and can convert AC / DC to supply power to the DC IT load 4, the DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and the DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6. To ensure the feasibility of the project, the control objects of the integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit 3 include at least: photovoltaic side power regulation (including MPPT), energy storage side bidirectional conversion (including charge and discharge current limiting / power limiting), mains side rectification and energy replenishment, and DC side bus voltage stabilization and power supply switching logic.

[0025] The power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 is prioritized for DC IT load 4, DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6. Without intermediate inverter stages, this reduces power conversion losses and improves photovoltaic utilization. The battery energy storage system 2 stores the remaining power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 and supplies power to the DC IT load 4, DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6 at night when there is no photovoltaic power generation. It can also store energy when the grid electricity price is low at night, achieving peak shaving and valley filling. The grid interface 7 is used for power supplementation. When neither the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 nor the battery energy storage system 2 can provide sufficient power, the DC IT load 4, DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6 automatically switch to grid power supply from the grid interface 7. The switching process is adaptively controlled by the energy management system 3-1 within the integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit 3.

[0026] The DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5 includes a DC compressor 5-1, an outdoor DC fan 5-2, a heat pipe condenser 5-3, an air conditioner condenser 5-4, a throttling device 5-5, an air conditioner intermediate heat exchanger 5-6, a refrigerant inlet three-way valve 5-7, and a refrigerant outlet three-way valve 5-8, etc.; the DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6 includes an indoor terminal DC fan 6-1, a heat pipe evaporator 6-2, etc. Among them, the heat pipe evaporator 6-2 is used to absorb heat from the computer room / cabinet side, and the heat pipe condenser 5-3 is used to release heat to the outdoor environment; the air conditioner intermediate heat exchanger 5-6 and the air conditioner condenser 5-4 constitute the key heat exchange components of the compressor refrigeration circuit.

[0027] The outdoor unit 5 of a DC heat pipe air conditioner connects to one or more indoor terminals 6 of a DC heat pipe air conditioner via a gas collecting pipe 8 and a liquid dispensing pipe 9, forming a refrigeration system. This system controls the refrigerant flow direction by opening and closing the inlet and outlet three-way valves 5-7 and 5-8, allowing the system to operate in heat pipe cooling mode, compressor cooling mode, or a hybrid mode. When the first outlet of the inlet three-way valve 5-7 is connected to the inlet of the heat pipe condenser 5-3, and the outlet of the heat pipe condenser 5-3 is connected to the first inlet of the outlet three-way valve 5-8, the system operates in heat pipe cooling mode. When the second outlet of the inlet three-way valve 5-7 is connected to the inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger 5-6, the system operates in heat pipe cooling mode. When the outlet of the intermediate heat exchanger 5-6 is connected to the second inlet of the refrigerant outlet three-way valve 5-8, the compressor refrigeration mode is activated. At this time, the compressor refrigeration system consisting of the DC compressor 5-1, the air conditioning condenser 5-4, the throttling device 5-5, and the air conditioning intermediate heat exchanger 5-6 starts running. When the first outlet of the refrigerant inlet three-way valve 5-7 is connected to the inlet of the heat pipe condenser 5-3, and the outlet of the heat pipe condenser 5-3 is connected to the first inlet of the refrigerant outlet three-way valve 5-8, and the second outlet of the refrigerant inlet three-way valve 5-7 is connected to the inlet of the air conditioning intermediate heat exchanger 5-6, and the outlet of the air conditioning intermediate heat exchanger 5-6 is connected to the second inlet of the refrigerant outlet three-way valve 5-8, the refrigeration system operates in a mixed mode of heat pipe refrigeration and compressor refrigeration.

[0028] When an outdoor unit 5 of a DC heat pipe air conditioner is connected to an indoor terminal unit 6 of a DC heat pipe air conditioner via a gas collecting pipe 8 and a liquid distributing pipe 9, the DC compressor 5-1 can be arranged inside the outdoor unit 5 or the indoor terminal unit 6, depending on the specific circumstances. The indoor terminal unit 6 can be of various heat pipe terminal types, such as cabinet-level, row-level, and room-level, and can be configured into a hierarchical and zoned flexible cooling architecture using a single type or a combination of types according to the load distribution. The outdoor DC fan 5-2 and the indoor terminal DC fan 6-1 can be of various types, such as axial flow and centrifugal, and the fan type and rated parameters are determined according to the corresponding heat exchanger resistance characteristics and target air volume range.

[0029] The photovoltaic power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 is directly used for DC IT load 4, DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal, without intermediate inverter stage; the energy management system 3-1 in the photovoltaic-storage integrated machine 3 can adaptively control the output of electrical energy according to the load of DC IT load 4, DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6 and the power generation of solar photovoltaic power generation system 1, giving priority to energy use and then energy storage, maximizing the use of green electricity, realizing a flexible energy use strategy, and maximizing cost savings and efficiency improvement.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the scenario where the communication equipment room of this invention is powered by a solar photovoltaic power generation system, and the remaining power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system is stored in a battery energy storage system. As shown in the diagram, the power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 is preferentially used for the DC IT load 4, the DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and the DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6 via DC step-down frequency regulation of the integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit 3. The energy flow directions are shown by arrows A→A1, A→A2, and A→A3, respectively. The battery energy storage system 2 stores the remaining power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 after DC step-down frequency regulation by the integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit 3. The energy flow direction is shown by arrow A→A4, as shown in the diagram. Under this operating condition, the energy management system 3-1 maintains the operation of the photovoltaic-side MPPT and limits the charging power according to changes in bus voltage and load power to avoid bus overvoltage or overcharging of the energy storage.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the communication equipment room of the present invention powered by a battery energy storage system. As shown in the figure, when there is no photovoltaic power generation at night, the battery energy storage system 2 uses the remaining power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 stored during the day. Through the adaptive control of the energy management system 3-1 in the photovoltaic-energy storage integrated unit 3, the power is output to the DC IT load 4, the DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and the DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6. At this time, the direction of power flow is shown by arrows A4→A1, A4→A2, and A4→A3 in the figure, respectively. This operating mode usually occurs at night or during periods of no or insufficient photovoltaic power generation. The battery energy storage system 2 discharges to the load as the main power source. The energy management system 3-1 dynamically adjusts the discharge power according to the battery state of charge (SOC) and the load power, extending the battery discharge time as much as possible while ensuring power supply reliability. It also starts the mains power supply before the battery SOC drops to a preset lower threshold (e.g., 20%) to avoid over-discharge of the battery.

[0032] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram illustrating the automatic switching of the DC IT load and DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit to power supply via the mains grid interface when neither the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 nor the battery energy storage system 2 can provide sufficient power in the communication equipment room of this invention. When neither the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 nor the battery energy storage system 2 can provide sufficient power, the energy management system 3-1 within the photovoltaic-energy storage integrated unit 3 adaptively switches to power supply via the mains grid interface 7 to the DC IT load 4, DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6. The power supply from the mains grid interface 7 is converted from AC to DC by the photovoltaic-energy storage integrated unit 3 and then supplied to the DC IT load 4, DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6. At this time, the direction of power flow is shown by arrows B→A1, B→A2, and B→A3 in the diagram, respectively.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery energy storage system in the communication equipment room of the present invention storing electrical energy when the mains electricity price is low at night. When the mains electricity price is low at night, the battery energy storage system 2 stores power supplied from the mains grid interface 7, achieving peak shaving and valley filling; the direction of power flow at this time is shown by arrow B→A4 in the diagram. In this operating mode, during the low-price period, the AC / DC conversion module draws power from the mains to charge the battery energy storage system 2. The charging power is optimized based on the battery's current SOC, charging time, and the remaining time of the low-price period, so that the battery is charged to the target SOC before the end of the low-price period, so that it can be discharged and used during the high-price period the next day, reducing the overall electricity cost of the equipment room.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit 3 includes an energy management system and a power conversion unit. The energy management system generates multi-source power switching and power distribution commands. The power conversion unit 3-2 performs DC-side step-down voltage regulation, bidirectional conversion on the energy storage side, and rectification and step-up / step-down on the mains side, providing stable DC power to the DC IT load and cooling system. The energy management system is configured to control the discharge of the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1, the charging and discharging of the battery energy storage system 2, and the power supply switching of the mains grid interface 7, so that the photovoltaic output power is preferentially supplied to the DC IT load and cooling system, and the remaining power is used to charge the battery energy storage system 2. When the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 and the energy storage system 2 cannot provide sufficient power, the system controls the mains grid interface 7 to supply power to the DC IT load and cooling system through the power conversion unit.

[0035] The power conversion unit forms a hierarchical power conversion structure with a unified DC bus, including a DC bus and a first DC / DC conversion module, a second DC / DC conversion module, an AC / DC conversion module, and a DC bus voltage regulator module that are communicatively connected to the energy management system. The input terminal of the first DC / DC conversion module is electrically connected to the DC output terminal of the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the DC bus. It is configured to perform MPPT control on the photovoltaic-side DC power and to step down and regulate the output voltage to match the DC bus voltage. The second DC / DC conversion module is bidirectionally electrically connected to the battery energy storage system 2 and the DC bus, and is... The system is configured to perform bidirectional energy conversion, switching between charging and discharging modes, to achieve energy absorption and release from the DC bus by the battery energy storage system 2. The AC / DC converter module's input is electrically connected to the mains grid interface, and its output is electrically connected to the DC bus. It is configured to rectify and boost or buck regulate the AC mains power to match the DC bus voltage. The output side of the DC bus is electrically connected to the DC IT load 4, the DC heat pipe air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and the DC heat pipe air conditioner indoor terminal 6. The DC bus voltage regulator module is electrically connected to the DC bus and configured to maintain the DC bus voltage within a set operating range during load fluctuations. The bus voltage regulator module can suppress voltage deviations through energy absorption / release or controlled dissipation to reduce the disturbance to bus stability caused by sudden power command changes.

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment, the energy management system includes at least an information acquisition unit, a data processing unit, and an EMS controller. The information acquisition unit is communicatively connected to the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1, the battery energy storage system 2, the mains grid interface 7, the DC bus, the DC IT load 4, and the cooling system. It is configured to acquire the output voltage, output current, and output power of the solar photovoltaic power generation system 1; the terminal voltage, state of charge, and charging / discharging current of the battery energy storage system 2; the voltage, frequency, and active power at the mains grid interface 7; the DC bus voltage, current, and active power; and the power information of the DC IT4 load and the cooling system. The data processing unit is communicatively connected to the information acquisition unit and is configured to perform timestamp alignment, outlier removal, filtering and smoothing, and data interpolation on the acquired voltage, current, power, and state of charge information. It calculates and generates data including the effective output power of the photovoltaic side. The system includes energy management status variables such as the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system, the available power margin on the mains side, the DC bus voltage deviation, and the real-time equivalent load power of the DC IT load and the cooling system. The EMS controller is communicatively connected to the data processing unit and the first DC / DC conversion module, the second DC / DC conversion module, the AC / DC conversion module, and the DC bus voltage regulator module. It is configured to generate operating mode instructions, output power setpoints, and start / stop control signals for each module based on each energy management status variable and preset power allocation algorithms and priority strategies. This enables the solar photovoltaic power generation system to prioritize the supply of electricity to the DC IT load and the cooling system, use the surplus electricity to charge the battery energy storage system, and supplement the DC bus with electricity from the mains grid interface when the solar photovoltaic power generation system and the battery energy storage system cannot provide sufficient power, thus ensuring the stability of the DC bus voltage and the reliable power supply to the computer room load.

[0037] Furthermore, the EMS controller is configured to execute power allocation and priority strategies based on energy management state variables, including: using the solar photovoltaic power generation system as the first priority power source and supplying power to the DC bus through the first DC / DC converter module to cover the real-time equivalent load power of the DC IT load and the cooling system; when the effective output power of the photovoltaic side is greater than the real-time equivalent load power, controlling the second DC / DC converter module to be in charging mode and charging the battery energy storage system with the remaining power; and when the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system reaches a preset upper limit threshold, reducing the output power command of the first DC / DC converter module to limit the charging power to the battery energy storage system; using the battery energy storage system as the second priority power source, when the effective output power of the photovoltaic side... When the real-time equivalent load power is less than the actual load power, if the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system is higher than the preset lower threshold, the second DC / DC converter module is controlled to switch to discharge mode to replenish the DC bus. The power from the mains grid interface is used as the third priority power source. Only when neither the solar photovoltaic power generation system nor the battery energy storage system can meet the real-time equivalent load power, the AC / DC converter module is controlled to draw power from the mains grid interface and replenish the DC bus to cover the remaining power gap. Furthermore, when the available power margin on the mains side meets the replenishment conditions and it is during a preset low electricity price period, the AC / DC converter module is controlled to charge the battery energy storage system under the premise of meeting the real-time equivalent load power, so that the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system reaches the preset target threshold.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, the refrigeration system is further provided with a refrigeration mode controller, which is configured to: determine and switch the operating mode of the refrigeration system based on the outdoor ambient temperature, indoor heat load and energy efficiency ratio optimization target; operate the heat pipe refrigeration mode when the outdoor temperature is lower than a first set threshold; operate the compressor refrigeration mode when the outdoor temperature is higher than a second set threshold; and operate the hybrid mode when the outdoor temperature is between the first set threshold and the second set threshold, wherein the first set threshold is less than the second set threshold, the value of the first set threshold is 5~15 ℃, and the value of the second set threshold is 20~30 ℃.

[0039] In a further preferred embodiment, the indoor terminal 6 of the DC heat pipe air conditioner selectively adopts one or more combinations of cabinet-level terminals, row-level terminals, and room-level terminals according to the load distribution and heat dissipation requirements in the communication equipment room. The cabinet-level terminals are integrated and installed inside the IT cabinet to achieve precise temperature control, the row-level terminals are arranged between the cabinet rows to achieve regional cooling, and the room-level terminals achieve overall space temperature regulation, forming a hierarchical and zoned flexible cooling architecture.

[0040] Preferably, the outdoor unit and indoor terminal of the DC heat pipe air conditioner are equipped with an outdoor DC fan 5-2 and an indoor terminal DC fan 6-1, respectively. Each DC fan 5-2 and 6-1 adopts variable frequency speed control and is connected to the cooling mode controller. The cooling mode controller dynamically adjusts the speed of each DC fan 5-2 and 6-1 according to the real-time cooling demand and operating mode of the cooling system. In the heat pipe cooling mode, the heat dissipation capacity of the heat pipe condenser is enhanced by increasing the wind speed of the outdoor DC fan to improve the utilization efficiency of the natural cold source. In the compressor cooling mode, the speed of the indoor and outdoor fans is coordinated to match the compressor load. In the mixed mode, the speed of the outdoor DC fan is kept within the set range that meets the heat dissipation demand of the heat pipe condenser branch, and the speed of the indoor terminal DC fan is adjusted to cooperate with the DC compressor to compensate for the output of cooling capacity, so as to achieve efficient and stable operation of the cooling system under all operating conditions. In addition, both the outdoor DC fan 5-2 and the indoor terminal DC fan 6-1 preferably include a fan body and a frequency converter electrically connected to the fan body. Each frequency converter is communicatively connected to the cooling mode controller to receive fan speed commands and output speed feedback information. The fan body adopts an axial flow or centrifugal fan type, and the fan type is determined according to the wind resistance characteristics of the corresponding heat exchanger and the required air volume range.

[0041] It should be noted that this embodiment uses a unified DC bus as the core to decouple and connect photovoltaic, energy storage and mains power sources. It also achieves the synergy of MPPT energy extraction, bidirectional regulation of energy storage and mains power rectification and supplementation through a hierarchical power conversion structure. At the same time, the DC bus voltage regulator module is used to suppress load fluctuations and power supply switching transients, so that IT loads and cooling systems can obtain continuous and stable DC power supply, thereby providing an electrical stability boundary for subsequent energy management and multi-mode cooling control.

[0042] Example 2: Energy Management Method for Communication Equipment Room Based on Example 1, Example 2 further provides the energy management method for the above-mentioned integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method includes the following steps: SS1. Operational Status Information Acquisition: Periodically acquire information on the effective output power of the photovoltaic side, the equivalent state of charge (SOC) of the battery energy storage system, the available power margin of the mains side, the DC bus voltage deviation, and the real-time equivalent load power of the DC IT load and the cooling system. The effective output power of the photovoltaic side is calculated from the photovoltaic side voltage, current, and MPPT output. The equivalent state of charge (SOC) is obtained from the SOC output by the battery management system and corrected by the integral of the charge / discharge current. The real-time equivalent load power is synthesized from the DC IT load power and the cooling system power.

[0043] SS2. Power Gap / Remaining Power Calculation: Calculate the power gap or remaining power based on the real-time equivalent load power and the effective output power of the photovoltaic side, and determine the available energy source by combining the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system and the available power margin of the grid.

[0044] As a preferred method, the power deficit or surplus power is calculated as follows: Define net power ΔP = real-time equivalent load power P load - Photovoltaic effective output power P pv_eff When ΔP ≥ 0, it is determined that there is residual power; when ΔP < 0, it is determined that there is a power deficit. The rule for determining the available energy source is as follows: when there is a power deficit, first determine whether the equivalent state of charge (SOC) of the battery energy storage system is higher than the lower limit threshold SOC. min Furthermore, is the current dischargeable power greater than zero? If the condition is met, the energy storage system is the primary source of supplementary energy. If the dischargeable power of the stored energy is insufficient to cover the entire power gap, or if the SOC ≤ SOC, then the energy storage system is the primary source of supplementary energy. min In this case, the mains power becomes the second source of supplementary energy, and the available power margin of the mains power is introduced as a constraint on the mains power supplementary energy capacity.

[0045] SS3. Photovoltaic priority power supply and surplus power charging: When the effective output power of the photovoltaic side is not less than the real-time equivalent load power, the first DC / DC conversion module is controlled to perform maximum power point tracking and supply power to the DC bus to cover the load demand. At the same time, the second DC / DC conversion module is controlled to be in charging mode to charge the battery using the surplus power, and the charging power is limited when the equivalent state of charge reaches the upper limit threshold.

[0046] As a preferred approach, the photovoltaic priority power supply control strategy includes: the first DC / DC conversion module uses the perturbation-observation method or the incremental conductance method to achieve maximum power point tracking, with the tracking step size adaptively adjusted according to the rate of change of irradiance. When irradiance changes rapidly, the tracking step size is increased to accelerate the response speed; when irradiance is relatively stable, the tracking step size is decreased to improve tracking accuracy. The surplus power charging control strategy includes: calculating the available charging power P. charge =ΔP-P loss P loss To mitigate power loss in the converter, the second DC / DC converter module is controlled to charge the battery in constant current or constant voltage mode. The charging current is dynamically adjusted based on the battery temperature and SOC (State of Charge). When the SOC approaches the upper limit threshold, the charging current is adjusted accordingly. max Gradually reduce the charging current to prevent overcharging, and when the SOC reaches the target SOC value... max Charging stops when the power is applied and the remaining power is fed back to the DC bus voltage regulator module.

[0047] SS4. Energy Storage Discharge and Mains Power Supplement: When the effective output power of the photovoltaic side is less than the real-time equivalent load power, if the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system is higher than the lower threshold, the second DC / DC converter module is controlled to be in discharge mode to supplement the DC bus to reduce the power gap. If the power gap still exists or the equivalent state of charge is not higher than the lower threshold, the AC / DC converter module is controlled to draw power from the mains and supplement the DC bus to cover the remaining power gap.

[0048] As a preferred option, the energy storage discharge control strategy includes: based on the power gap |ΔP| and the battery's current maximum discharge power P bat_max The relationship determines the discharge power command; if |ΔP|≤P bat_max Then the discharge power is set to |ΔP| to completely cover the power gap. If |ΔP|>P bat_max Then set the discharge power as P bat_max It also indicates the mains power replenishment demand; the maximum discharge power P of the battery. bat_max Based on dynamic calculations using SOC, battery temperature, and discharge rate limits, P is reduced accordingly when SOC decreases or temperature deviates from the optimal operating temperature range. bat_max To protect the battery; the mains power replenishment control strategy includes: calculating the mains power replenishment power P required. grid_need =|ΔP|-P bat_actual , where P bat_actual To determine the actual discharge power of the battery energy storage system, the AC / DC conversion module is controlled to output power P. grid_need Draw power from the mains and ensure P grid_need Not exceeding the available mains power margin P grid_margin It also monitors mains voltage fluctuations. When the mains voltage deviation exceeds ±10%, it triggers mains power anomaly protection and prioritizes the energy storage system to maintain power supply.

[0049] SS5. Bus Voltage Stabilization Coordination and Command Issuance: Based on the DC bus voltage deviation, voltage regulation control commands are generated for the DC bus voltage stabilization module. Enable commands and power or current commands for the first DC / DC converter module, the second DC / DC converter module, and the AC / DC converter module are issued in coordination to maintain the DC bus voltage within the set operating range and ensure power supply continuity. Preferably, the DC bus voltage stabilization control employs a PI control algorithm or a fuzzy control algorithm, including: real-time detection of the DC bus voltage V... bus With the set voltage V ref deviation e V =V bus -V ref , when |e V |Exceeding the allowable deviation threshold ΔV th At that time, a voltage regulation control command is generated based on the direction and magnitude of the deviation; when V bus <V ref-ΔV th When V is instructed, the DC bus voltage regulator module increases the injected power into the bus, or the energy storage system increases the discharge power, or the mains side increases the supplementary power; when V bus >V ref +ΔV th At that time, the DC bus voltage regulator module is instructed to reduce the power injected into the bus, or the energy storage system is instructed to reduce the charging power or start the energy dissipation device.

[0050] It should be noted that this embodiment generates state variables such as photovoltaic effective power, equivalent SOC, bus voltage deviation, and equivalent load power through information collection and data processing, and completes the surplus / shortage identification with net power ΔP as the core; under the priority strategy of photovoltaic priority - surplus power charging - shortage discharge - insufficient mains power supplementation, the power / current commands of DC / DC and AC / DC are issued in a coordinated manner and linked to the bus voltage stabilization control to achieve a comprehensive balance between power supply continuity, bus stability and energy cost.

[0051] Example 3: Multi-mode cooling control method for communication equipment rooms Based on Example 1, Example 3 further provides a multi-mode cooling control method for the above-mentioned integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the method includes: S100. Parameter Acquisition and Demand Characterization: Collect outdoor ambient temperature, communication equipment room return air temperature, and / or cabinet intake air temperature, and collect cooling system operating parameters. Generate real-time cooling demand Q based on temperature deviation and / or temperature rise rate. Temperature deviation is the difference between the target temperature and the return air temperature or cabinet intake air temperature, and temperature rise rate is the rate of temperature change within a preset time period.

[0052] S200. Cooling Mode Determination and Decision: Based on outdoor ambient temperature T out With the preset first temperature threshold T th1 Second temperature threshold T th2 Comparison and judgment, T th1 <T th2 When T out ≤T th1 When the environmental conditions are deemed to meet the natural cooling requirements, switch to the heat pipe natural circulation cooling mode; when T out ≥T th2 When the ambient temperature is determined to be too high and forced cooling is required, the system switches to compressor active cooling mode; when T th1 <T out <T th2 If the temperature is determined to be in the transition temperature range, switch to the heat pipe and compressor hybrid cooling mode.

[0053] As a preferred approach, the cooling mode determination incorporates a mode switching hysteresis mechanism: defining a first hysteresis temperature ΔT. hys1 Second hysteresis temperature ΔT hys2 When the refrigeration system is in heat pipe natural circulation refrigeration mode, only when T out ≥T th1 +ΔT hys1 Switching to hybrid cooling mode is only permitted when T is active; when in compressor active cooling mode, switching is only permitted when T is active. out ≤T th2 -ΔT hys2 Switching to hybrid cooling mode is only permitted under certain conditions; when in hybrid cooling mode, switching to heat pipe natural circulation cooling mode requires meeting T... out ≤T th1 -ΔT hys1 Switching to compressor active cooling mode requires meeting T out ≥T th2 +ΔT hys2 At the same time, a minimum time interval Δt is set for mode switching. After a mode switch is completed, switching again is prohibited within Δt time to avoid frequent switching of cooling modes caused by fluctuations in outdoor ambient temperature near the threshold.

[0054] S300. Refrigerant Flow Path Switching Execution: Based on the refrigeration mode, the output valve position control command is determined, and the inlet and outlet refrigerant three-way valves are coordinated to switch the refrigerant flow direction, enabling the refrigeration system to form a refrigerant circulation loop corresponding to the target mode and completing the connection or disconnection of the heat pipe natural circulation branch and the compressor refrigeration branch. The valve position control command can be generated by the mode-valve position mapping table and is executed in a preset sequence with valve position switching and delay confirmation: the outlet refrigerant three-way valve position switching is completed first, followed by the inlet refrigerant three-way valve position switching. The compressor is allowed to start / stop or the frequency converter is allowed only after the valve position feedback meets the target state, in order to reduce the risk of transient impact and backflow in the flow path.

[0055] S400. Compressor and Fan Coordinated Regulation: In the heat pipe natural circulation cooling mode, the DC compressor stops operating and the outdoor DC fan speed is adjusted to enhance heat pipe condenser heat dissipation; in the compressor active cooling mode, the start / stop or output frequency of the DC compressor is controlled, and the speeds of the indoor terminal DC fan and the outdoor DC fan are simultaneously adjusted to match the compressor load and meet the heat exchange requirements of the evaporator and condenser sides; in the hybrid cooling mode, the DC compressor is controlled to operate in a compensated cooling capacity mode and the compressor output is set according to Q, while the outdoor DC fan speed is kept within the set range that meets the heat dissipation requirements of the heat pipe condenser branch. The compressor frequency command can be generated by the temperature deviation closed loop, and an upper limit is set on the frequency change rate to achieve gradual adjustment; the fan speed and compressor frequency are generated in linkage to maintain the matching of heat exchange capabilities between the evaporator and condenser sides.

[0056] S500. Closed-loop feedback and stability constraints: Based on the return air temperature and / or the cabinet inlet air temperature, closed-loop feedback corrects the compressor frequency command and fan speed command. During mode switching, it performs gradual adjustment and rate-of-change constraints on the three-way valve switching and compressor output to reduce switching transients, suppress frequent switching, and maintain stable temperature control in the communication room. Furthermore, when sensor signals are abnormal, valve position feedback is inconsistent, or compressor protection is triggered, it enters a protection control state, maintaining the compressor in active cooling mode or limiting the compressor output upper limit in hybrid mode to maintain the temperature control safety boundary.

[0057] It should be noted that this embodiment uses the outdoor temperature threshold range and the real-time cooling demand Q as a joint criterion to complete the mode selection of heat pipe natural circulation, compressor active cooling and hybrid cooling, and establishes the corresponding cooling circuit by switching the flow path of the inlet and outlet three-way valves; at the same time, the compressor frequency and the indoor and outdoor fan speeds are coordinated and adjusted, and hysteresis band, minimum switching interval and gradual constraint are introduced to reduce switching transients and start-stop impact, thereby ensuring the stable and energy-efficient operation of the computer room temperature control.

[0058] The objectives of this invention have been fully and effectively achieved through the above embodiments. All equivalent or simple variations made to the structures, features, and principles described in this patent concept are included within the protection scope of this patent. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of this invention or exceed the scope defined in these claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated communication equipment room, characterized in that, This includes an integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit and its electrically connected solar photovoltaic power generation system, battery energy storage system, mains grid interface, DC IT load, and cooling system, among which: The integrated photovoltaic and energy storage unit includes an energy management system and a power conversion unit for DC step-down frequency regulation and AC-DC conversion. The energy management system is configured to: control the discharge of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, the charging and discharging of the battery energy storage system, and the power supply switching of the mains grid interface, so that the photovoltaic output power is preferentially supplied to the DC IT load and cooling system, and the remaining power is used to charge the battery energy storage system. When the solar photovoltaic power generation system and the battery energy storage system cannot provide sufficient power, the system controls the mains grid interface to supply power to the DC IT load and cooling system through the power conversion unit. The refrigeration system includes an outdoor unit of a DC heat pipe air conditioner and an indoor terminal unit of a DC heat pipe air conditioner. The outdoor unit of the DC heat pipe air conditioner is connected to at least one indoor terminal unit of the DC heat pipe air conditioner through a gas collection pipe and a liquid distribution pipe. The outdoor unit of the DC heat pipe air conditioner is equipped with an inlet refrigerant three-way valve and an outlet refrigerant three-way valve. The refrigerant flow direction is switched by coordinating the inlet and outlet refrigerant three-way valves, so that the refrigeration system can operate in one of the following modes: heat pipe refrigeration mode, compressor refrigeration mode, or a hybrid mode of heat pipe refrigeration and compressor refrigeration.

2. The communication equipment room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion unit includes a DC bus and a first DC / DC conversion module, a second DC / DC conversion module, an AC / DC conversion module, and a DC bus voltage regulator module, wherein: The first DC / DC converter module has its input terminal electrically connected to the DC output terminal of the solar photovoltaic power generation system and its output terminal electrically connected to the DC bus. It is configured to perform MPPT control on the DC power on the photovoltaic side and to perform step-down and voltage regulation on the output. The second DC / DC converter module is bidirectionally electrically connected to the battery energy storage system and the DC bus and is configured to perform bidirectional energy conversion to switch between charging and discharging modes. The AC / DC converter module has its input terminal electrically connected to the mains power grid interface and its output terminal electrically connected to the DC bus. It is configured to rectify the AC power on the mains and perform step-up or step-down regulation. The output side of the DC bus is electrically connected to the DC IT load, the outdoor unit of the DC heat pipe air conditioner, and the indoor terminal of the DC heat pipe air conditioner. The DC bus voltage regulator module is electrically connected to the DC bus and is configured to maintain the DC bus voltage within a set operating range when the load fluctuates.

3. The communication equipment room according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy management system includes at least an information acquisition unit, a data processing unit, and an EMS controller, wherein: The information acquisition unit is configured to acquire the output voltage, output current and output power of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, the terminal voltage, state of charge and charging and discharging current of the battery energy storage system, the voltage, frequency and active power of the mains grid interface side, the DC bus voltage, current and active power, and the power of the DC IT load and the power of the cooling system. The data processing unit is communicatively connected to the information acquisition unit and is configured to perform timestamp alignment, outlier removal, filtering and smoothing, and data interpolation on the acquired voltage, current, power, and state of charge information. It calculates and generates energy management status quantities including the effective output power of the photovoltaic side, the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system, the available power margin of the mains side, the DC bus voltage deviation, and the real-time equivalent load power of the DC IT load and the cooling system. The EMS controller is communicatively connected to the data processing unit and the first DC / DC conversion module, the second DC / DC conversion module, the AC / DC conversion module, and the DC bus voltage regulator module. It is configured to generate operating mode commands, output power setpoints, and start / stop control signals for each module based on various energy management status variables and preset power allocation algorithms and priority strategies.

4. The communication equipment room according to claim 3, characterized in that, The EMS controller is configured to execute power allocation algorithms and priority strategies based on energy management state variables, including at least: The solar photovoltaic power generation system is used as the first priority power source and supplies power to the DC bus through the first DC / DC conversion module to cover the real-time equivalent load power of the DC IT load and the cooling system. When the effective output power of the photovoltaic side is greater than the real-time equivalent load power, the second DC / DC conversion module is controlled to be in charging mode and the remaining power is used to charge the battery energy storage system. When the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system reaches the preset upper limit threshold, the output power command of the first DC / DC conversion module is reduced. The battery energy storage system is used as the second priority power source. When the effective output power of the photovoltaic side is less than the real-time equivalent load power, if the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system is higher than the preset lower threshold, the second DC / DC conversion module is controlled to switch to the discharge mode to replenish the DC bus. The power from the mains grid interface is used as the third priority power source. Only when the solar photovoltaic power generation system and / or battery energy storage system cannot meet the real-time equivalent load power, the AC / DC conversion module is controlled to draw power from the mains grid interface and supplement the DC bus to cover the remaining power gap.

5. The communication equipment room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outdoor unit of the DC heat pipe air conditioner is also equipped with a heat pipe condenser and a DC compressor, an air conditioner condenser, a throttling device, and a cold side of an intermediate heat exchanger connected in sequence through pipes to form a compressor refrigeration circuit. The indoor terminal of the DC heat pipe air conditioner includes at least a heat pipe evaporator. The inlet of each heat pipe evaporator is connected to the outlet of the liquid distribution pipe, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the gas collecting pipe. The inlet of the refrigerant inlet three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the gas collecting pipe, the first outlet is connected to the inlet of the heat pipe condenser, and the second outlet is connected to the hot side inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger. The outlet of the refrigerant outlet three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the liquid distribution pipe, the first inlet is connected to the outlet of the heat pipe condenser, and the second inlet is connected to the hot side outlet of the intermediate heat exchanger.

6. The communication equipment room according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the first outlet of the refrigerant inlet three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the heat pipe condenser, and the outlet of the heat pipe condenser is connected to the first inlet of the refrigerant outlet three-way valve, the refrigeration system operates in heat pipe refrigeration mode. When the second outlet of the refrigerant inlet three-way valve is connected to the hot side inlet of the air conditioner intermediate heat exchanger, and the hot side outlet of the air conditioner intermediate heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the refrigerant outlet three-way valve, the refrigeration system operates in compressor refrigeration mode, and the compressor refrigeration system starts running at this time. When the first outlet of the refrigerant inlet three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the heat pipe condenser, the outlet of the heat pipe condenser is connected to the first inlet of the refrigerant outlet three-way valve, and the second outlet of the refrigerant inlet three-way valve is connected to the hot side inlet of the air conditioner intermediate heat exchanger, and the outlet of the air conditioner intermediate heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the refrigerant outlet three-way valve, the refrigeration system operates in a mixed mode of heat pipe refrigeration and compressor refrigeration.

7. An energy management method for an integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It should include at least the following steps: SS1. Periodically collect information on the effective output power of the photovoltaic side, the equivalent state of charge of the battery energy storage system, the available power margin of the mains side, the DC bus voltage deviation, and the real-time equivalent load power information of the DC IT load and the cooling system. SS2. Calculate the power gap or surplus power based on the real-time equivalent load power and the effective output power of the photovoltaic side, and determine the available energy source by combining the equivalent state of charge and the available power margin of the mains power. SS3. When the effective output power of the photovoltaic side is not less than the real-time equivalent load power, control the first DC / DC conversion module to perform maximum power point tracking and supply power to the DC bus, while controlling the second DC / DC conversion module to be in charging mode, using the remaining power to charge the battery, and limiting the charging power when the equivalent state of charge reaches the upper limit threshold. SS4. When the effective output power of the photovoltaic side is less than the real-time equivalent load power, if the equivalent state of charge is higher than the lower threshold, the second DC / DC converter module is controlled to be in discharge mode to replenish the DC bus to reduce the power gap. If the power gap still exists or the equivalent state of charge is not higher than the lower threshold, the AC / DC converter module is controlled to draw power from the mains and replenish the DC bus to cover the remaining power gap. SS5. Generate voltage regulation control commands for the DC bus voltage regulator module based on the DC bus voltage deviation, and issue enable commands for the first DC / DC, second DC / DC, and AC / DC conversion modules in conjunction with power commands or current commands to maintain the DC bus voltage within the set operating range.

8. The energy management method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step SS2, net power ΔP is defined as real-time equivalent load power P. load - Photovoltaic effective output power P pv_eff When ΔP ≥ 0, it is determined that there is residual power; when ΔP < 0, it is determined that there is a power deficit. When a power deficit exists, it is first determined whether the equivalent state of charge (SOC) of the battery energy storage system is higher than the lower limit threshold SOC. min Furthermore, is the current dischargeable power greater than zero? If the condition is met, the energy storage system is the primary source of supplementary energy. If the dischargeable power of the stored energy is insufficient to cover the entire power gap, or if the SOC ≤ SOC, then the energy storage system is the primary source of supplementary energy. min In this case, the mains power becomes the second source of supplementary energy, and the available power margin of the mains power is introduced as a constraint on the mains power supplementary energy capacity.

9. The energy management method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step SS3, the first DC / DC conversion module uses the perturbation observation method or the incremental conductance method to achieve maximum power point tracking, and the tracking step size is adaptively adjusted according to the rate of change of light intensity. The surplus power charging control strategy includes: calculating the available charging power P. charge =ΔP-P loss P loss To mitigate power loss in the converter, the second DC / DC converter module is controlled to charge the battery in constant current or constant voltage mode. The charging current is dynamically adjusted based on the battery temperature and SOC (State of Charge). When the SOC approaches the upper limit threshold, the charging current is adjusted accordingly. max Gradually reduce the charging current to prevent overcharging, and when the SOC reaches the target SOC value... max Charging stops when the power is applied and the remaining power is fed back to the DC bus voltage regulator module.

10. The energy management method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step SS4, the energy storage discharge control strategy includes: based on the power deficit |ΔP| and the battery's current maximum discharge power P bat_max The relationship determines the discharge power command; if |ΔP|≤P bat_max Then the discharge power is set to |ΔP| to completely cover the power gap. If |ΔP|>P bat_max Then set the discharge power as P bat_max It also indicates the mains power replenishment demand; the maximum discharge power P of the battery. bat_max Based on dynamic calculations using SOC, battery temperature, and discharge rate limits, P is reduced accordingly when SOC decreases or temperature deviates from the optimal operating temperature range. bat_max The mains power replenishment control strategy includes: calculating the mains power replenishment power P. grid_need =|ΔP|-P bat_actual , where P bat_actual To determine the actual discharge power of the battery energy storage system, the AC / DC conversion module is controlled to output power P. grid_need Draw power from the mains and ensure P grid_need Not exceeding the available mains power margin P grid_margin It also monitors mains voltage fluctuations. When the mains voltage deviation exceeds ±10%, it triggers mains power anomaly protection and prioritizes the energy storage system to maintain power supply.

11. The energy management method according to claim 10, characterized in that, In step SS5, the DC bus voltage V is detected in real time. bus With the set voltage V ref deviation e V =V bus -V ref , when |e V |Exceeding the allowable deviation threshold ΔV th At that time, a voltage regulation control command is generated based on the direction and magnitude of the deviation; when V bus <V ref -ΔV th When V is instructed, the DC bus voltage regulator module increases the injected power into the bus, or the energy storage system increases the discharge power, or the mains side increases the supplementary power; when V bus >V ref +ΔV th At that time, the DC bus voltage regulator module is instructed to reduce the power injected into the bus or the energy storage system is instructed to reduce the charging power.

12. A multi-mode cooling control method for an integrated solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage communication equipment room according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It should include at least the following steps: S100. Collect outdoor ambient temperature, return air temperature of communication equipment room and / or air intake temperature of cabinet, and collect cooling system operating parameters, and generate real-time cooling demand Q based on temperature deviation and / or temperature rise rate; S200. Based on outdoor ambient temperature T out With the preset first temperature threshold T th1 Second temperature threshold T th2 Comparison and judgment, T th1 <T th2 When T out ≤T th1 When the environmental conditions are deemed to meet the natural cooling requirements, switch to the heat pipe natural circulation cooling mode; when T out ≥T th2 When the ambient temperature is determined to be too high and forced cooling is required, the system switches to compressor active cooling mode; when T th1 <T out <T th2 If the temperature is determined to be in the transition temperature range, switch to the heat pipe and compressor hybrid cooling mode. S300. Determine the output valve position control command according to the refrigeration mode, and coordinate the control of the inlet refrigerant three-way valve and the outlet refrigerant three-way valve to switch the refrigerant flow direction, so that the refrigeration system forms a refrigerant circulation loop corresponding to the target mode and completes the connection or disconnection of the heat pipe natural circulation branch and the compressor refrigeration branch. S400. In the heat pipe natural circulation cooling mode, the DC compressor stops running and the outdoor DC fan speed is adjusted to enhance the heat pipe condenser heat dissipation; in the compressor active cooling mode, the start / stop or output frequency of the DC compressor is controlled, and the speed of the indoor terminal DC fan and the outdoor DC fan are adjusted synchronously to match the compressor load and meet the heat exchange requirements of the evaporator and condenser sides; in the hybrid cooling mode, the DC compressor is controlled to operate in a way that compensates for the cooling capacity and the compressor output is set according to Q. S500. Based on the closed-loop feedback of return air temperature and / or cabinet inlet air temperature, the compressor frequency command and fan speed command are corrected, and the three-way valve switching and compressor output are gradually adjusted and the rate of change is constrained during mode switching.

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