A high-frequency heavy-load hydraulic impact hammer with closed dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase

Abstract

The invention discloses a closed type high-frequency heavy-duty hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase, comprising a shell and a drill bit; the drill bit is connected to the lower part of the shell, and the shell is hollow inside to form a cavity; a flow guide, a center column piston rod and a hammer are arranged from top to bottom in the cavity, and the hammer slides up and down along the outer surface of the center column piston rod; a fixed valve sleeve is also arranged on the inner wall of the cavity, and a main valve is arranged on the outer sleeve of the center column piston rod, and the main valve can rotate around the center column piston rod; a sealing piston is arranged between the lower part of the hammer and the inner wall of the shell; the outside of the fixed valve sleeve is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the inside is divided into a third cavity and a fourth cavity. When the drilling fluid flows, the impact hammer is driven to slide up and down by the pressure difference, and then the main valve is driven to rotate, and the acceleration of the hammer is realized through the hydraulic differential principle, the final impact velocity of the hammer is increased, and then the impact work is increased, and the heavy-duty impact is realized on the rock; at the same time, the impact frequency is increased, and the purpose of efficient rock breaking and rapid drilling is achieved by using high-frequency and large impact work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil, natural gas and hot dry rock mining, and in particular to a high-frequency heavy-load hydraulic impact hammer with closed dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as the resource and environmental problems brought about by the development and utilization of fossil energy have become increasingly severe, the exploration of the development and utilization of renewable and pollution-free new energy sources has been highly anticipated. Hot dry rock has gradually become a research hotspot as a clean energy source. Hot dry rock formations are gneiss or granite, which have high hardness, high abrasiveness, poor drillability, and a uniaxial compressive strength of more than 200MPa. Therefore, a fast drilling tool suitable for hard rock is needed. Impact drilling is one of the current effective ways to break rocks. It uses impact tools to provide power for drilling fluid to achieve reciprocating impact on rocks, accelerate rock crushing and improve drilling efficiency. However, the impact force and impact frequency of the current impactor are relatively low, which is difficult to meet drilling needs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop high-frequency and strong impact impactors to meet actual drilling needs.

[0003] Therefore, based on the current problems of insufficient impact power and low impact frequency of impactors, there is a need for an impactor that can increase the final impact velocity of the hammer, increase the impact power, and achieve heavy-load impact on the rock; at the same time, increase the impact frequency and use high-frequency and large impact power to achieve efficient rock breaking and rapid drilling. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a closed dynamic and static pressure composite speed-increasing high-frequency heavy-load hydraulic impact hammer, which utilizes the dual action mechanism of dynamic pressure and static pressure to increase the final impact velocity of the hammer, thereby increasing the impact work and realizing heavy-load impact on the rock; at the same time, the impact frequency is increased, and high-frequency and large impact work are utilized to achieve the purpose of efficient rock breaking and rapid drilling.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A closed type high-frequency heavy-duty hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase, comprising a shell and a drill bit; the drill bit is connected to the lower part of the shell, and a through first flow channel is provided on the drill bit; the shell is hollow inside to form a cavity; further comprising a flow guide, a center column piston rod and a hammer arranged in the cavity from top to bottom; a flow guide is provided on the flow guide; a through second flow channel is provided in the middle of the center column piston rod, and a first leakage hole is provided around the center column piston rod; the hammer slides along the outer surface of the center column piston rod, and a third flow channel is provided in the hammer; the first flow channel, the second flow channel and the third flow channel are connected;

[0007] The inner wall of the shell is also provided with a fixed valve sleeve; the fixed valve sleeve is in the shape of a stepped column with a small upper part and a large lower part; a sealing piston is provided between the lower part of the hammer and the inner wall of the shell; the sealing piston and the guide device are divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by the fixed valve sleeve; the interior of the fixed valve sleeve is through-connected, the upper part of the fixed valve sleeve is connected to the lower part of the guide device, and the cross-section of the middle column piston rod is T-shaped; a placing table is provided on the inner wall of the fixed valve sleeve, and the upper part of the middle column piston rod is pressed against the placing table through the guide device; a normal flow channel connecting the first cavity and the second cavity is opened on the fixed valve sleeve;

[0008] The outer sleeve of the middle column piston rod is provided with a main valve, and the main valve can rotate around the middle column piston rod; the interior of the fixed valve sleeve cooperates with the outer wall of the middle column piston rod to form a third cavity and a fourth cavity connected up and down; a second leakage hole is opened on the main valve, and when the main valve rotates, the first leakage hole is intermittently connected with the second leakage hole;

[0009] A lateral flow channel connecting the first cavity and the third cavity is provided on the upper part of the fixed valve sleeve, and a high-pressure flow channel connecting the third cavity is provided in the third cavity, so that the first cavity and the fourth cavity are intermittently connected when the main valve rotates;

[0010] A first side flow hole and a second side flow hole are provided on the outer surface of the fixed valve sleeve, wherein the first side flow hole is located above the second side flow hole and is connected to the fourth cavity; both the first side flow hole and the second side flow hole are connected to the third cavity; when the drilling fluid flows, the hammer slides up and down, intermittently connecting the second cavity and the second side flow hole.

[0011] As a preferred implementation scheme, a partition is provided in the fixed valve sleeve, and the partition cooperates with the outer wall of the middle column piston rod to divide the interior of the fixed valve sleeve into a third cavity and a fourth cavity which are connected up and down; the main valve cooperates with the fixed valve sleeve to divide the third cavity into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity; the first side flow hole is connected to the first cavity, and the second leakage hole is connected to the first cavity; the second side flow hole is connected to the second cavity; the first cavity is connected to the third cavity through the lateral flow channel, and the high-pressure flow channel is located in the third cavity.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, a first reversing flow channel and a second reversing flow channel are provided on the partition table; the first reversing flow channel connects the first cavity and the first side flow hole; the second reversing flow channel connects the second cavity and the second side flow hole; when the main valve rotates, the first cavity and the third cavity are intermittently connected.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the main valve includes a sleeve and a first boss and a second boss arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve, and the side area of ​​the second boss is 2.5-3 times the side area of ​​the first boss; when the main valve rotates, the first boss intermittently cooperates with the high-pressure flow channel.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the hammer is provided with a first step surface and a second step surface; the effective flow area of ​​the first step surface in the second cavity is smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the second step surface in the second cavity; and a step is provided on the upper part of the hammer, when the hammer slides up and down to the corresponding position of the second side flow hole and the step, the second side flow hole is connected with the second cavity.

[0015] As a preferred implementation scheme, the lower portion of the guide is provided with an external thread, and the upper portion of the fixed valve sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread is meshed with the external thread.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, a first abutment platform is provided inside the shell, and the upper end of the deflector abuts against the first abutment platform.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, a support sleeve for supporting the fixed valve sleeve is provided between the sealing piston and the fixed valve sleeve.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, a second abutment platform is provided in the housing, the sealing piston is provided on the second abutment platform, and sealing devices are provided between the sealing piston and the inner wall of the housing and the hammer.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, a limit ring is provided on the outer surface of the drill bit.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] The present invention provides a closed type high-frequency heavy-load hydraulic impact hammer with a dynamic and static pressure composite speed increaser, which utilizes the dual action mechanism of dynamic pressure and static pressure to increase the final impact velocity of the hammer, thereby increasing the impact work and achieving heavy-load impact on the rock; at the same time, the impact frequency is increased, and high-frequency and large impact work are utilized to achieve the purpose of efficient rock breaking and rapid drilling, greatly improving the drilling efficiency of hard rock formations such as hot dry rocks, saving drilling cycles and costs, and ensuring efficient development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention in the initial state;

[0023] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 AA section view;

[0024] Figure 3For the present invention Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 CC section view;

[0026] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of

[0027] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention, in which the hammer is located at the top dead center;

[0029] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the main valve structure of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed valve sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1, housing; 2, flow guide; 21, flow outlet; 3, center column piston rod; 31, second flow channel; 32, first leakage hole; 4, hammer; 41, third flow channel; 42, first step surface; 43, second step surface; 44, step; 5, drill bit; 51, first flow channel; 6, fixed valve sleeve; 61, normal flow channel; 62, high pressure flow channel; 63, first side flow hole; 64, second side flow hole; 65, first reversing flow channel ; 66, second reversing flow channel; 67, lateral flow channel; 7, main valve; 71, second leakage hole; 72, first boss; 73, second boss; 8, sealing piston; 9, first cavity; 10, second cavity; 11, third cavity; 111, first cavity; 112, second cavity; 113, third cavity; 12, fourth cavity; 13, limiting ring; 14, support sleeve; 15, first abutment platform; 16, second abutment platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a closed type dynamic and static pressure compound speed-increasing high-frequency heavy-duty hydraulic impact hammer, comprising a shell 1 and a drill bit 5; the drill bit 5 is connected to the lower part of the shell 1, and a through first flow channel 51 is opened on the drill bit 5; the interior of the shell 1 is hollow to form a cavity; the shell 1 comprises an upper joint, a middle shell and a lower joint connected by upper and lower threads, and the drilling fluid enters the interior of the device through the upper joint. The drill bit 5 is preferably a spline drill bit, which can transmit torque on the one hand and limit axial movement on the other hand.

[0036] It also includes a flow guide 2, a middle column piston rod 3 and a hammer 4 arranged in the cavity from top to bottom; a drainage port 21 is provided on the flow guide 2; the drainage port 21 is provided circumferentially, and the drilling fluid enters the interior of the flow guide 2 and then flows out through the drainage port 21, and the number of drainage ports 21 is preferably 4 to 6, and the shape of the drainage port 21 can be square, rectangular, circular or a combination thereof. A through second flow channel 31 is provided in the middle of the middle column piston rod 3, and a first drainage hole 32 is provided around the middle column piston rod 3; the middle column piston rod 3 abuts against the lower end of the flow guide 2, and the lower end of the flow guide 2 is not through, so the drilling fluid will not enter the interior of the middle column piston rod 3 through the flow guide 2. The hammer 4 slides along the outer surface of the center column piston rod 3, and a third flow channel 41 is opened in the hammer 4; the first flow channel 51, the second flow channel 31 and the third flow channel 41 are connected; the drilling fluid can be discharged through the first flow channel 51, the second flow channel 31 and the third flow channel 41.

[0037] The inner wall of the housing 1 is also provided with a fixed valve sleeve 6; the fixed valve sleeve 6 is in the shape of a stepped column with a small top and a large bottom, and the upper part of the fixed valve sleeve 6 has a smaller outer diameter and does not contact the inside of the housing 1; the lower part of the fixed valve sleeve 6 contacts the inner wall of the housing 1, and preferably, a sealing device is provided between the lower part of the fixed valve sleeve 6 and the inner wall of the housing 1 to ensure sealing. A sealing piston 8 is provided between the lower part of the impact hammer 4 and the inner wall of the housing 1, and preferably, a sealing ring is provided between the sealing piston 8 and the housing 1 and the impact hammer to ensure sealing performance. The sealing piston 8 and the guide 2 are separated into a first cavity 9 and a second cavity 10 by the fixed valve sleeve 6; the interior of the fixed valve sleeve 6 is connected, the upper part of the fixed valve sleeve 6 is connected to the lower part of the guide 2, and the cross section of the middle column piston rod 3 is T-shaped, and a placement table is provided on the inner wall of the fixed valve sleeve 6, and the upper part of the middle column piston rod 3 is pressed against the placement table through the guide 2; the fixed valve sleeve 6 is provided with a normal flow channel 61 connecting the first cavity 9 and the second cavity 10. The drilling fluid flows in from the top of the shell 1, through the drainage port 21 to the first cavity 9, and then flows into the second cavity 10 through the normal flow channel 61, and the pressure difference in the second cavity 10 drives the impact hammer to move.

[0038] The outer sleeve of the middle column piston rod 3 is provided with a main valve 7, and the main valve 7 can rotate around the middle column piston rod 3; the interior of the fixed valve sleeve 6 cooperates with the outer wall of the middle column piston rod 3 to be divided into a third cavity 11 and a fourth cavity 12 connected up and down; a second leakage hole 71 is provided on the main valve 7, and when the main valve 7 rotates, the first leakage hole 32 and the second leakage hole 71 are intermittently connected. It is worth noting that the main valve 7 is arranged in the third cavity 11, and when the first leakage hole 32 and the second leakage hole 71 are connected, the drilling fluid can enter the second flow channel 31 of the middle column piston rod 3 through the first leakage hole 32 and the second leakage hole 71, and then be discharged through the third flow channel 41 and the first flow channel 51.

[0039] The upper part of the fixed valve sleeve 6 is provided with a lateral flow channel 67 connecting the first cavity 9 and the third cavity 11, and the third cavity 11 is provided with a high-pressure flow channel 62 connecting with the fourth cavity 12. When the main valve 7 rotates, the first cavity 9 and the fourth cavity 12 are intermittently connected. The first cavity 9 is connected with the third cavity 11 through the lateral flow channel 67, and then connected with the fourth cavity 12 through the high-pressure flow channel 62; when the first cavity 9 is connected with the fourth cavity 12, a part of the drilling fluid will flow from the first cavity 9 into the third cavity 11 through the lateral flow channel 67, and then flow to the fourth cavity 12 through the high-pressure flow channel 62.

[0040] A first side flow hole 63 and a second side flow hole 64 are provided on the outer surface of the fixed valve sleeve 6. The first side flow hole 63 is located above the second side flow hole 64, and the first side flow hole 63 is connected to the fourth cavity 12; the first side flow hole 63 and the second side flow hole 64 are both connected to the third cavity 11; when the drilling fluid flows, the hammer 4 slides up and down, intermittently connecting the second cavity 10 and the second side flow hole 64.

[0041] A high-frequency heavy-duty hydraulic impact hammer with a closed dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase. In the initial state, the lower end of the hammer 4 contacts the drill bit 5, the first cavity 9 is not connected to the fourth cavity 12, the second leakage hole 71 is connected to the first leakage hole 32, and the upper part of the hammer 4 blocks the connection between the second side flow hole 64 and the second cavity 10, the first side flow hole 63 is located above the second side flow hole 64, and the first side flow hole 63 is connected to the fourth cavity 12; at this time, since the first side flow hole 63 is connected to the third cavity 11, the fourth cavity 12 is connected to the third cavity 11 through the first side flow hole 63, and the first leakage hole 32 and the second leakage hole 71 are respectively provided on the middle column piston rod 3 and the main valve 7, so the fourth cavity 12 is connected through the first leakage hole 32, the second leakage hole 71 and the second flow channel 31, and then connected to the outside, at this time, the fourth cavity 12 is in a low pressure state, and the impact hammer accelerates upward. When the hammer 4 runs upward for a certain distance, the second cavity 10 is connected with the second side flow hole 64. At this time, the upper part of the hammer 4 blocks the connection between the first side flow hole 63 and the fourth cavity 12; the drilling fluid flows in through the upper part of the device, through the drainage port 21 to the first cavity 9, and then flows into the second cavity 10 through the normal flow channel 61. At this time, the second cavity 10 is connected with the second side flow hole 64, and the drilling fluid flows through the second side flow hole 64 to the third cavity 11, driving the main valve 7 to rotate. After the main valve 7 rotates a certain angle, the first cavity 9 and the fourth cavity 12 are connected with the high-pressure flow channel 62 through the lateral flow channel 67, and a part of the drilling fluid flows into the third cavity 11 through the lateral flow channel 67, and then enters the fourth cavity 12 through the high-pressure flow channel 62, and the hammer 4 enters the deceleration stage.

[0042] When the hammer 4 reaches the top dead center, the hammer 4 accelerates downward under the principle of hydraulic differential. After the hammer 4 accelerates downward for a certain distance, when the hammer 4 is about to hit the drill bit 5, the first side flow hole 63 is connected with the fourth cavity 12, blocking the connection between the second side flow hole 64 and the second cavity 10, and the hammer 4 hits the drill bit 5 due to inertia. Since the second side flow hole 64 is not connected to the second cavity 10, the pressure at the second side flow hole 64 is a low-pressure zone, and the first side flow hole 63 is connected to the fourth cavity 12 and the pressure is equal. Therefore, the high-pressure drilling fluid reaches the third cavity 11 through the first side flow hole 63, driving the main valve 7 to rotate in the opposite direction, blocking the connection between the first cavity 9 and the third cavity 11. At the same time, the first leakage hole 32 is connected to the second leakage hole 71, and the drilling fluid in the fourth cavity 12 passes through the first side flow hole 63 to the third cavity 11, and is connected to the third flow channel 41 of the hammer 4 through the second leakage hole 71, the first leakage hole 32, and the second flow channel 31 to flow out to the first flow channel 51 of the drill bit 5, which is a low-pressure zone. The hammer 4 accelerates in the opposite direction, and the cycle continues.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] like Figure 1-Figure 10As shown, the present embodiment is developed on the basis of the above-mentioned implementation. Specifically, the present embodiment provides a closed dynamic and static pressure compound speed-increasing high-frequency heavy-duty hydraulic impact hammer. A partition is arranged in the fixed valve sleeve 6. The partition cooperates with the outer wall of the center column piston rod 3 to divide the interior of the fixed valve sleeve 6 into a third cavity 11 and a fourth cavity 12 which are connected up and down; the main valve 7 cooperates with the fixed valve sleeve 6 to divide the third cavity 11 into a first cavity 111, a second cavity 112 and a third cavity 113; the first side flow hole 63 is connected to the first cavity 111, and the second leakage hole 71 is connected to the first cavity 111; the second side flow hole 64 is connected to the second cavity 112; the first cavity 9 is connected to the third cavity 113 through the lateral flow channel 67, and the high-pressure flow channel 62 is located in the third cavity 113. It is worth noting that the first cavity 111, the second cavity 112 and the third cavity 113 are not connected to each other. Since the second leakage hole 71 is located in the first cavity 111, the fourth cavity 12 is connected to the outside through the first side flow hole 63, the second leakage hole 71, the first leakage hole 32, the second flow channel 31, the third flow channel 41 and the first flow channel 51, and the fourth cavity 12 is in a low pressure state. Since the second side flow hole 64 is connected to the second cavity 112, when the hammer 4 moves, the second cavity 10 and the second side flow hole 64 are connected, and the drilling fluid in the second cavity 10 flows into the second cavity 112 through the second side flow hole 64. Due to the pressure difference between the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 112, the main valve 7 is rotated. The lateral flow channel 67 connects the first cavity 9 with the third cavity 113, and the third cavity 113 is connected with the fourth cavity 12 through the high-pressure flow channel 62. When the main valve 7 rotates, the first cavity 9 is connected with the third cavity 113, and the drilling fluid in the first cavity 9 enters the third cavity 113 through the lateral flow channel 67 and then enters the fourth cavity 12, so that the hammer 4 enters the deceleration stage.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the partition table is provided with a first reversing flow channel 65 and a second reversing flow channel 66; the first reversing flow channel 65 connects the first cavity 111 with the first side flow hole 63; the second reversing flow channel 66 connects the second cavity 112 with the second side flow hole 64; when the main valve 7 rotates, the first cavity 9 is intermittently connected with the third cavity 113. It is worth noting that when the second side flow hole 64 is connected with the second cavity 10, the drilling fluid in the second cavity 10 enters the second cavity 112 through the second side flow hole 64 and the second reversing flow channel 66. When the main valve 7 is in the initial state, the second leakage hole 71 in the first cavity 111 is connected to the first leakage hole 32, so the first cavity 111 is connected to the outside and is in a low-pressure state, the fourth cavity 12 is connected to the first side hole 63, and the first side hole 63 is connected to the first cavity 111 through the first reversing channel 65, then the fourth cavity 12 is in a low-pressure state, and the hammer 4 accelerates upward. After the hammer 4 runs a certain distance, it penetrates the second side hole 64 and the second cavity 10, and the drilling fluid passes through the second side hole 64 and the second reversing channel 66 to the second cavity 112, driving the main valve 7 to rotate. After the main valve 7 rotates, the first cavity 9 is connected with the third cavity 113 through the lateral flow channel 67, and the third cavity 113 is connected with the fourth cavity 12 through the high-pressure flow channel 62. Then, a part of the drilling fluid in the first cavity 9 enters the fourth cavity 12 through the lateral flow channel 67 and the high-pressure flow channel 62, so that the hammer 4 enters the deceleration stage.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the main valve 7 includes a sleeve and a first boss 72 and a second boss 73 arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve, and the side area of ​​the second boss 73 is 2.5-3 times the side area of ​​the first boss 72; when the main valve 7 rotates, the first boss 72 intermittently cooperates with the high-pressure flow channel 62. It is worth noting that the first boss 72 and the second boss 73 are divided into a first cavity 111, a second cavity 112 and two third cavities 113 by the third cavity 11. Preferably, two first bosses 72 are symmetrically arranged, corresponding to the two side channels 67 respectively, and the two side channels 67 correspond to the two third cavities 113 respectively; two second bosses 73 are arranged, respectively located in the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 112. The side area of ​​the second boss 73 is 2.5-3 times the side area of ​​the first boss 72, so that a pressure difference occurs between the first cavity 111 and the third cavity 113, so that the main valve 7 rotates in the opposite direction and resets.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the punch 4 is provided with a first step surface 42 and a second step surface 43; the effective flow area of ​​the first step surface 42 in the second cavity 10 is smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the second step surface 43 in the second cavity 10; and a step 44 is provided on the upper part of the punch 4, and when the punch 4 slides up and down to the position corresponding to the second side flow hole 64 and the step 44, the second side flow hole 64 is connected with the second cavity 10. It is worth noting that the first side flow hole 63 is located above the second side flow hole 64; the position of the step 44 should ensure that after the punch 4 slides upward for a certain distance, when the second side flow hole 64 is connected with the second cavity 10, the upper part of the punch 4 just blocks the fourth cavity 12 and the first side flow hole 63; and after the punch 4 reaches the top dead center, it should be ensured that the step 44 will not reach the height of the first side flow hole 63.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the lower part of the deflector 2 is provided with an external thread, and the upper part of the fixed valve sleeve 6 is provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread is meshed with the external thread. The threaded connection is convenient for disassembly. Preferably, a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the fixed valve sleeve 6 and the deflector 2 to ensure the tightness of the connection.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, a first abutment platform 15 is provided inside the housing 1, and the upper end of the deflector 2 abuts against the first abutment platform 15. The first abutment platform 15 limits the axial position of the deflector 2.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, a support sleeve 14 for supporting the fixed valve sleeve 6 is provided between the sealing piston 8 and the fixed valve sleeve 6 .

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, a second abutment platform 16 is provided in the shell 1, the sealing piston 8 is arranged on the second abutment platform 16, and sealing devices are provided between the sealing piston 8 and the inner wall of the shell 1 and the hammer 4 to ensure the tightness of the connection between the sealing piston 8 and the inner wall of the shell 1 and the hammer 4.

[0052] As a preferred implementation scheme, a limit ring 13 is provided on the outer surface of the drill bit 5 to limit the drill bit 5 and ensure the stability of the connection of the drill bit 5.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment is developed on the basis of the above implementation. Specifically, this embodiment provides a specific working principle of a high-frequency heavy-load hydraulic impact hammer with a closed dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase, as follows:

[0055] In this embodiment, in the initial state, the lower end of the hammer 4 contacts the upper end of the drill bit 5, and the first step surface 42 on the hammer 4 is located above the second step surface 43; the upper part of the hammer 4 blocks the communication between the second side flow hole 64 and the second cavity 10. In the initial state, the first leakage hole 32 is connected to the second leakage hole 71, and the first side flow hole 63 is connected to the fourth cavity 12; the first boss 72 on the main valve 7 blocks the communication between the first cavity 9 and the third cavity 113.

[0056] (1) The stage of the hammer 4 accelerating upward: When the hammer is working, the upper end of the hammer is connected to the drill string, and all the drilling fluid enters the hammer through the drill string, first through the drainage port 21 to the first cavity 9, and then through the flow channel 61 to the second cavity 10. Since the effective flow area of ​​the first step surface 42 is smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the second step surface 43, the upward force acting on the hammer 4 is greater than the downward force. At the same time, since the fourth cavity 12 is connected to the third flow channel 41 of the hammer 4 through the first side flow hole 63, the first reversing flow channel 65, the second leakage hole 71, the first leakage hole 32, and the second flow channel 31 to the first flow channel 51 of the drill bit 5 and the outside, the fourth cavity 12 is in a low pressure state, and the hammer 4 accelerates upward at this time.

[0057] (2) The upward deceleration stage of the hammer 4: After the hammer 4 moves upward a certain distance, the step 44 on the hammer 4 corresponds to the second side flow hole 64, the second cavity 10 is connected to the second side flow hole 64 through the step 44, and the upper part of the hammer 4 blocks the connection between the fourth cavity 12 and the first side flow hole 63. At this time, the drilling fluid in the second cavity 112 passes through the step 44, the second side flow hole 64, and the second reversing flow channel 66 to the second cavity 112, and the first cavity 111 is connected to the third flow channel 41 of the hammer 4 through the second leakage hole 71, the first leakage hole 32, and the second flow channel 31 to the first flow channel 51 of the drill bit 5 and is connected to the outside. Therefore, the first cavity 111 is in a low-pressure area. When the high-pressure drilling fluid flows into the second cavity 112, it drives the main valve 7 to rotate. After the main valve 7 rotates, the first cavity 9 is connected to the third cavity 113. At this time, a part of the drilling fluid in the first cavity 9 flows into the third cavity 113 through the lateral flow channel 67, and then flows through the high-pressure flow channel 62 to the fourth cavity 12, and the hammer 4 enters the deceleration upward stage.

[0058] (3) The hammer 4 accelerates downward to hit the drill bit 5: When the hammer 4 reaches the top dead center, according to the hydraulic differential principle, the hammer 4 accelerates downward; specifically, when the hammer 4 reaches the top dead center, part of the drilling fluid flows into the second cavity 10 through the normal flow channel 61, and the other part flows into the fourth cavity 12 through the lateral flow channel 67 and the high-pressure flow channel 62. At this time, the pressures of the second cavity 10 and the fourth cavity 12 are equal, but because the pressure areas of the hammer 4 in the fourth cavity 12 and the second cavity 10 are not equal, under the condition of equal pressure, the downward force of the hammer 4 is greater than the upward force, and the hammer 4 accelerates downward. When the hammer 4 moves downward for a distance and is about to hit the spline drill bit, the first side flow hole 63 is connected to the fourth cavity 12, and at this time, the upper part of the hammer 4 blocks the connection between the second side flow hole 64 and the second cavity 10; the hammer 4 hits the drill bit 5 due to inertia. However, since the first side flow hole 63 is connected to the fourth cavity 12, the pressure of the fourth cavity 12 is equal to the pressure of the first cavity 111; and a part of the drilling fluid flows through the lateral flow channel 67, the third cavity 113, and the high-pressure flow channel 62 to the fourth cavity 12; therefore, the drilling fluid in the fourth cavity 12 passes through the first side flow hole 63 and the first reversing flow channel 65 to the first cavity 111, and the pressure of the first cavity 111 is equal to that of the third cavity 113. The side surface area is 2.5-3 times the side surface area of ​​the first boss 72, driving the main valve 7 to rotate in the opposite direction and return to its original position. The first cavity 9 is blocked from the third cavity 113. The drilling fluid in the fourth cavity 12 flows through the first side flow hole 63 and the first reversing flow channel 65 to the first cavity 111, and then passes through the second leakage hole 71, the first leakage hole 32, and the second flow channel 31 to connect the third flow channel 41 of the hammer 4 to the first flow channel 51 of the drill bit 5 for discharge. The fourth cavity is a low-pressure area, and the hammer 4 accelerates in the opposite direction.

[0059] After completing the above actions, the closed dynamic and static pressure compound speed-increasing high-frequency heavy-load hydraulic impact hammer completes a cycle. Under the action of continuous drilling fluid, the hammer 4 can achieve an impact frequency of 50 to 70 Hz and a high-frequency heavy-load impact with a single impact energy greater than 300J.

[0060] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase, comprising a housing (1) and a drill bit (5); the drill bit (5) is connected to the lower part of the housing (1), and a through first flow channel (51) is provided in the drill bit (5); the interior of the housing (1) is hollow to form a cavity; characterized in that: It also includes a flow guide (2), a center column piston rod (3) and a hammer (4) arranged in the cavity from top to bottom; the flow guide (2) is provided with a flow guide port (21); a through second flow channel (31) is provided in the middle of the center column piston rod (3), and a first leakage hole (32) is provided around the center column piston rod (3); the hammer (4) slides along the outer surface of the center column piston rod (3), and a third flow channel (41) is provided in the hammer (4); the first flow channel (51), the second flow channel (31) and the third flow channel (41) are connected; The inner wall of the shell (1) is also provided with a fixed valve sleeve (6); the fixed valve sleeve (6) is in the shape of a stepped column with a small upper part and a large lower part; a sealing piston (8) is provided between the lower part of the hammer (4) and the inner wall of the shell (1); the sealing piston (8) and the guide device (2) are divided into a first cavity (9) and a second cavity (10) in an upper and lower part by the fixed valve sleeve (6); the interior of the fixed valve sleeve (6) is connected; the upper part of the fixed valve sleeve (6) is connected to the lower part of the guide device (2); the cross section of the middle column piston rod (3) is T-shaped; a placement table is provided on the inner wall of the fixed valve sleeve (6); the upper part of the middle column piston rod (3) is pressed against the placement table through the guide device (2); a normal flow channel (61) connecting the first cavity (9) and the second cavity (10) is opened on the fixed valve sleeve (6); The central column piston rod (3) is sleeved with a main valve (7) on the outside, and the main valve (7) can rotate around the central column piston rod (3); the interior of the fixed valve sleeve (6) cooperates with the outer wall of the central column piston rod (3) to form a third cavity (11) and a fourth cavity (12) that are connected to each other from top to bottom; the main valve (7) is provided with a second leakage hole (71), and when the main valve (7) rotates, the first leakage hole (32) is intermittently connected to the second leakage hole (71); The upper portion of the fixed valve sleeve (6) is provided with a lateral flow channel (67) communicating with the first cavity (9) and the third cavity (11); the third cavity (11) is provided with a high-pressure flow channel (62) communicating with the fourth cavity (12); when the main valve (7) rotates, the first cavity (9) and the fourth cavity (12) are intermittently communicated; A first side flow hole (63) and a second side flow hole (64) are provided on the outer surface of the fixed valve sleeve (6); the first side flow hole (63) is located above the second side flow hole (64), and the first side flow hole (63) is connected to the fourth cavity (12); the first side flow hole (63) and the second side flow hole (64) are both connected to the third cavity (11); when the drilling fluid flows, the hammer (4) slides up and down, intermittently connecting the second cavity (10) and the second side flow hole (64).

2. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition is provided inside the fixed valve sleeve (6), and the partition cooperates with the outer wall of the middle column piston rod (3) to divide the interior of the fixed valve sleeve (6) into a third cavity (11) and a fourth cavity (12) which are connected to each other up and down; the main valve (7) cooperates with the fixed valve sleeve (6) to divide the third cavity (11) into a first cavity (111), a second cavity (112) and a third cavity (113); the first side flow hole (63) is connected to the first cavity (111), and the second leakage hole (71) is connected to the first cavity (111); the second side flow hole (64) is connected to the second cavity (112); the first cavity (9) is connected to the third cavity (113) through the lateral flow channel (67), and the high-pressure flow channel (62) is located in the third cavity (113).

3. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition table is provided with a first reversing flow channel (65) and a second reversing flow channel (66); the first reversing flow channel (65) is connected to the first cavity (111) and the first side flow hole (63); the second reversing flow channel (66) is connected to the second cavity (112) and the second side flow hole (64); when the main valve (7) rotates, the first cavity (9) and the third cavity (113) are intermittently connected.

4. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main valve (7) comprises a sleeve and a first boss (72) and a second boss (73) arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve, wherein the side area of ​​the second boss (73) is 2.5-3 times the side area of ​​the first boss (72); when the main valve (7) rotates, the first boss (72) intermittently cooperates with the high-pressure flow channel (62).

5. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the hammer (4) is provided with a first step surface (42) and a second step surface (43); the effective flow area of ​​the first step surface (42) in the second cavity (10) is smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the second step surface (43) in the second cavity (10); and a step ridge (44) is provided on the upper part of the hammer (4); when the hammer (4) slides up and down to the position where the second side flow hole (64) corresponds to the step ridge (44), the second side flow hole (64) is connected to the second cavity (10).

6. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the flow guide (2) is provided with an external thread, and the upper part of the fixed valve sleeve (6) is provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread is meshed with the external thread.

7. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first abutment platform (15) is provided inside the shell (1), and the upper end of the deflector (2) abuts against the first abutment platform (15).

8. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support sleeve (14) for supporting the fixed valve sleeve (6) is arranged between the sealing piston (8) and the fixed valve sleeve (6).

9. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second abutment platform (16) is provided in the housing (1), the sealing piston (8) is provided on the second abutment platform (16), and sealing devices are provided between the sealing piston (8) and the inner wall of the housing (1) and the hammer (4).

10. A closed type high frequency heavy load hydraulic impact hammer with dynamic and static pressure compound speed increase according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting ring (13) is provided on the outer surface of the drill bit (5).

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