A braking force adjustment device and method for commercial vehicle brakes

Abstract

The present invention discloses a braking force adjustment device and method for commercial vehicle brakes, and relates to the technical field of brakes. A braking force adjustment device for commercial vehicle brakes includes a caliper shell, the caliper shell is provided with an air pump, the air pump is provided with a sliding push rod through a guide tube, the caliper shell is slidably provided with a sliding shell, one end of the sliding shell is fixedly connected to a fixed disk, the other end of the sliding shell is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, a first spring is installed between the sliding shell and the caliper shell, the sliding shell is slidably provided with a first sliding column, and the caliper shell is provided with a wear trigger mechanism and an adjustment mechanism. The present invention facilitates users to understand the thickness of the brake pad on the commercial vehicle through the wear trigger mechanism, and then combines with the adjustment mechanism to keep the distance between the brake pad and the brake disc consistent, so that the brake pad and the brake disc have the same braking force, and the compensation mechanism achieves the same effect of the time taken for the brake pad to contact the brake disc, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the braking system during the driving of the commercial vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of brakes, and in particular to a braking force regulating device and method for commercial vehicle brakes. Background Art

[0002] The brakes of a vehicle have devices with functions such as slowing down, stopping or keeping the vehicle stopped to avoid accidents such as collisions during driving. The brakes only use the contact friction between the brake pads and the brake disc to generate braking force, wherein the brake pads and the rotating brake disc are in contact and wear, resulting in an increase in the initial distance between the brake pads and the brake disc. The existing distance adjustment between the brake pads and the brake disc mostly adjusts the extended length of the brake pads during the movement of the brake pads to compensate for the distance between the brake pads and the brake disc. The extended length of the brake pads during a single movement is limited. When the vehicle frequently uses the brake pads on a downhill section, the brake pads have a large degree of friction, and the brake pads cannot be extended a sufficient distance during a single movement, resulting in a weakening of the braking force generated by the brake pads and the brake disc. At this time, the vehicle is prone to accidents.

[0003] Therefore, in view of this situation, we have developed a braking force adjustment device and method for commercial vehicle brakes to meet the needs of actual use. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a braking force adjustment device and method for a commercial vehicle brake.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a braking force adjustment device for commercial vehicle brakes, including a caliper shell, an air pump is provided on the side of the caliper shell away from the wheel hub, the air pump is connected to two conduits, the two conduits are respectively embedded in the two sides of the caliper shell, and sliding push rods are provided in the two conduits of the air pump, sliding shells are equidistantly slidably provided on both sides of the caliper shell, one end of the sliding shell on the same side is fixedly connected to a fixed disk, a brake pad for matching with the brake disk is installed on the fixed disk, and a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the sliding shell on the same side, a first spring is installed between the sliding shell and the caliper shell, a first sliding column is slidably provided in the sliding shell, and the sliding shell and The first sliding column cooperates to form a first chamber, and the first chamber is filled with hydraulic oil. A fixing rod is fixedly connected between the first sliding columns on the same side, and a limiting block for limiting the fixing rod is fixedly connected in the caliper shell. A wear trigger mechanism for adjusting the distance between the brake pad and the brake disc according to the wear of the brake pad is symmetrically arranged in the caliper shell. An adjusting mechanism for transmitting hydraulic oil to enter the sliding shell is symmetrically arranged in the caliper shell. The adjusting mechanism and the wear trigger mechanism cooperate to adjust the distance between the sliding shell and the first sliding column so that the distance between the surface of the brake pad and the surface of the brake disc remains constant. A compensation mechanism for compensating for the brake pedal stroke is provided between the sliding push rod and the fixed plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the wear trigger mechanism includes a fixed block, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed disk. A sliding rod is slidably arranged in the caliper shell, and a circular ring for limiting is provided on the sliding rod. A baffle that cooperates with the fixed block is provided on the side of the sliding rod close to the brake disk. The sum of the thickness of the fixed block and the thickness of the sliding rod baffle is less than the thickness of the fixed disk. The distance between the fixed block and the sliding rod baffle is the distance between the brake pad and the brake disk. The sliding rod is provided with a fixed component for cooperating with the caliper shell.

[0007] Furthermore, a scale for indicating the thickness of the brake pad is provided at one end of the sliding rod away from the fixed block.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixed component includes a sliding block, which is slidably arranged in the baffle of the sliding rod, and the sliding rod is slidably arranged with a sliding plate, a second spring is equidistantly installed between the sliding plate and the sliding rod, a T-shaped inclined groove is provided on the side of the sliding plate close to the sliding block, and the sliding block is provided with a T-shaped plate for cooperating with the T-shaped inclined groove on the sliding plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the contact surfaces of the sliding plate and the caliper housing are both set to be rough surfaces, so as to enhance the friction between the sliding plate and the caliper housing.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a first fixed shell, which is fixedly connected to the caliper shell through a connecting plate, a first sliding plug is slidably arranged in the first fixed shell, and a side wall of the first sliding plug is provided with a thread, the first fixed shell and the first sliding plug cooperate to form a second chamber, the volume of the second chamber is twice the volume of the first chamber, a liquid guide tube is connected to a side of the first fixed shell adjacent to the fixed plate, the ends of the liquid guide tube are forked and respectively embedded in adjacent first sliding columns, a first spline rod is fixedly connected to the caliper shell, the first spline rod is slidably connected to the first sliding plug, a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the caliper shell, a worm is rotatably connected to one end of the worm, the worm is rotatably connected to a fixed frame, the spur gear is located in the fixed frame, a rack is fixedly connected to the sliding rod, the rack slides in the fixed frame, and the rack meshes with the spur gear, the fixed frame is rotatably connected to a worm wheel, the worm wheel meshes with the worm, and the middle part of the worm wheel is threadedly matched with the first sliding plug.

[0011] Furthermore, under the transmission action of the spur gear, the worm and the worm wheel, the moving distance of the first sliding plug is the same as the moving distance of the rack.

[0012] Furthermore, a side of the caliper housing close to the brake disc is set as an inclined surface, and an inclined plate is symmetrically fixed to the inclined surface of the caliper housing to guide air to flow through the brake pad.

[0013] Furthermore, the compensation mechanism includes a second fixed shell, the second fixed shell is embedded in the fixed plate, the sliding push rod is slidably connected to the second fixed shell, a third fixed shell is fixedly connected to the caliper shell, a first conduit is connected between the third fixed shell and the second fixed shell, a one-way valve is arranged in the first conduit, a second sliding plug is slidably arranged in the third fixed shell, the second fixed shell and the third fixed shell are both filled with hydraulic oil, and a reset component is arranged on the second sliding plug for the hydraulic oil in the second fixed shell to flow into the third fixed shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the reset assembly includes a second spline rod, which is rotatably arranged on the caliper housing, one end of the second spline rod is slidably connected to the second sliding plug, a second sliding column is slidably arranged on the other end of the second spline rod, a third spring is installed between the second sliding column and the second spline rod, the caliper housing is provided with two blind holes for limiting cooperation with the second sliding column, a rotating shell is rotatably arranged in the third fixed shell, a cylindrical hole is arranged on the side wall of the rotating shell, a telescopic rod is fixedly connected between the rotating shell and the second sliding plug, a second conduit is connected between the third fixed shell and the second fixed shell, the second conduit cooperates with the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell for the hydraulic oil in the second fixed shell to flow into the third fixed shell.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for adjusting the braking force of a commercial vehicle brake, using the braking force adjusting device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0016] (1) When driving a commercial vehicle, the user steps on the brake pedal, and the brake pedal starts the air pump through the vehicle control module. The greater the amplitude of stepping on the brake pedal, the greater the working efficiency of the air pump. The air pump discharges gas of a certain pressure, and the gas squeezes the sliding push rods on the left and right sides of the caliper shell to move synchronously. In the initial state, the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell is staggered with the second conduit. At the same time, under the action of the one-way valve in the first conduit, the sliding push rod moves and pushes the second fixed shell to move through the hydraulic oil; the second fixed shell drives the adjacent fixed plate, sliding shell and fixed disk to move, so that the brake pad installed on the fixed disk contacts and squeezes the brake disk to brake, thereby reducing the driving speed of the commercial vehicle or stopping the vehicle by braking;

[0017] (2) The amount of extension of the left end of the sliding rod in the initial state indicates the thickness of the brake pad. When the brake pad is worn, the fixed plate moves to drive the fixed block to squeeze the sliding block first, and the sliding block moves through the T-shaped plate to move the sliding plate and compress the second spring. The sliding plate is separated from the contact with the caliper housing, releasing the fixation of the sliding rod. Then the fixed block contacts the baffle that squeezes the sliding rod and moves it to the right. The movement of the sliding rod is the wear amount of the brake pad. The left side extension of the sliding rod always indicates the actual thickness of the brake pad. The user can obtain the thickness of the vehicle brake pad by observing the scale on the left side extension of the sliding rod;

[0018] (3) The movement of the sliding rod drives the rack to move at the same time, the rack drives the spur gear and the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the worm wheel drives the first sliding plug to move. At this time, the movement distance of the sliding rod is equal to the movement distance of the first sliding plug; the movement of the first sliding plug pushes the hydraulic oil in the first fixed shell, and the hydraulic oil enters the two sliding shells through the liquid guide tube of the first fixed shell. In the process of the sliding shell and the fixed disk driving the same parts to move together, the first sliding column and the fixed rod remain stationary, so that the distance between the first sliding column and the sliding shell becomes larger; because the volume of the second chamber on the first fixed shell is twice the volume of the first chamber on the sliding shell, the movement distance of the first sliding column is the same as the movement distance of the first sliding plug, that is, the increase in the distance between the first sliding column and the sliding shell is the wear thickness of the brake pad, and the same effect of the brake force generated by the contact between the brake pad and the brake disc is achieved under the same amplitude of each step on the brake pedal;

[0019] (4) When the user releases the brake pedal, the air pump stops working. Under the action of the first spring, the fixed plate drives the sliding shell and the parts connected thereto to move in the opposite direction. When the fixed rod contacts the limit block, the sliding shell, the fixed plate, the second fixed shell and the first sliding column stop moving. At this time, under the action of the first spring, the sliding shell and the first sliding column squeeze the hydraulic oil in the first chamber against each other. Due to the threaded fit between the worm gear and the first sliding plug, and the worm limiting the rotation of the worm gear, the first sliding column and the sliding shell maintain the adjusted distance, that is, the distance between the brake pad and the brake disc is always consistent, ensuring that after the brake pedal is stepped on, the time taken for the brake pad to contact the brake disc is always consistent, and the braking force generated at the same stepping distance is the same as before the brake pad is worn;

[0020] (5) Since the fixed plate has not returned to its initial state, the sliding push rod moves and resets at this time, so that the distance between the second fixed shell and the sliding push rod becomes larger. As the sliding push rod moves, the hydraulic oil in the third fixed shell enters the second fixed shell through the one-way valve of the first guide tube, and at the same time, the second sliding plug moves in the third fixed shell. When the brake pedal is stepped on again, the air pump works to push the sliding push rod to move, and the sliding push rod drives the second fixed shell and the fixed plate to move by pushing the hydraulic oil. In this process, under the action of the one-way valve in the first guide tube, the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell is staggered with the second guide tube, so that the hydraulic oil cannot flow from the second fixed shell into the third fixed shell, thereby compensating for the moving distance of the brake pedal. When the person steps on the brake pedal again, the air pump works to make the sliding push rod drive the second fixed shell to move directly through the hydraulic oil, and the second fixed shell drives the fixed plate to move and perform the above work again, so that the brake pad after adjusting the position moves directly to generate braking force, thereby ensuring the time for the braking force to be generated.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical effect achieved by the present invention is as follows: the present invention intuitively reflects the thickness of the brake pad through the sliding rod in the wear trigger mechanism, and at the same time, the sliding rod is fixed by the cooperation of the sliding plate and the caliper shell, so that the user can understand the thickness of the brake pad on the commercial vehicle. In combination with the adjusting mechanism, the hydraulic oil passes through the first fixed shell and enters between the sliding shell and the first sliding column, and the spacing between the sliding shell and the first sliding column is adjusted to ensure that the spacing between the brake pad and the brake disc is always consistent, so that the brake pad and the brake disc generate the same braking force when the brake pedal is stepped on with the same amplitude each time, and the hydraulic oil in the third fixed shell enters the second fixed shell through the one-way valve of the first conduit through the compensation mechanism. The displacement distance of the brake pedal is compensated, so that the brake pad and the brake disc are contacted for the same time each time the brake pedal is stepped on with the same amplitude at the same speed, so as to achieve the effect of generating a stable braking force between the brake pad and the brake disc, and further improve the safety and reliability of the braking system during the driving of the commercial vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view showing the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the wear trigger mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the fixing assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a first cross-sectional view of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a second cross-sectional view of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the compensation mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] In the accompanying drawings: 1-caliper housing, 101-air pump, 102-sliding push rod, 103-sliding housing, 104-fixed disk, 105-fixed plate, 106-first spring, 107-first sliding column, 108-fixed rod, 109-limiting block, 2-fixed block, 201-sliding rod, 3-sliding block, 301-sliding plate, 302-second spring, 4-first fixed housing, 401-first sliding plug, 402- First spline rod, 403-fixed frame, 404-worm, 405-spur gear, 406-fixed frame, 407-rack, 408-worm wheel, 5-inclined plate, 6-second fixed shell, 601-third fixed shell, 602-first guide tube, 603-second sliding plug, 7-second spline rod, 701-second sliding column, 702-third spring, 703-telescopic rod, 704-rotating shell, 705-second guide tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] A braking force regulating device for a commercial vehicle brake, see Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, it includes a caliper shell 1, an air pump 101 is fixedly connected to the left side of the caliper shell 1, and the air pump 101 is connected to two conduits, the two conduits are respectively fixed to the left and right sides of the caliper shell 1, and sliding push rods 102 are slidably connected in the two conduits of the air pump 101, and two sliding shells 103 are slidably provided on the left and right sides of the caliper shell 1, respectively, and a fixed disk 104 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sliding shell 103 on the same side, and a brake pad for cooperating with the brake disk is installed on the fixed disk 104, and a fixing plate 105 is welded to the sliding shell 103 on the same side, and a first spring 106 is fixedly connected between the sliding shell 103 and the caliper shell 1, and the first spring 106 is sleeved on the sliding shell 103, and a first sliding column 107 is slidably connected in the sliding shell 103, and the sliding shell 103 and the first sliding column 107 cooperate to form a first chamber, and the first chamber The chamber is filled with hydraulic oil, a fixing rod 108 is welded between the first sliding columns 107 on the same side, a limiting block 109 for limiting the fixing rod 108 is welded in the caliper shell 1, and a wear trigger mechanism is symmetrically arranged in the caliper shell 1. When the brake pad on the fixed disk 104 is worn, the fixed disk 104 moves to make the wear trigger mechanism work. An adjusting mechanism for transmitting hydraulic oil into the sliding shell 103 is symmetrically arranged in the caliper shell 1. The adjusting mechanism and the wear trigger mechanism cooperate to adjust the distance between the sliding shell 103 and the first sliding column 107 according to the wear amount of the brake pad, so that the distance between the surface of the brake pad and the surface of the brake disc remains constant, ensuring that the braking force generated by the contact between the brake pad and the brake disc has the same effect, and a compensation mechanism for compensating for the brake pedal stroke is provided between the sliding push rod 102 and the fixed plate 105.

[0033] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the wear trigger mechanism includes a fixed block 2, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed disk 104, and a sliding rod 201 is slidably connected in the caliper shell 1, and a circular ring for limiting is provided on the sliding rod 201, and a baffle plate cooperating with the fixed block 2 is provided on the side of the sliding rod 201 close to the brake disk, and the sum of the thickness of the fixed block 2 and the thickness of the baffle plate of the sliding rod 201 is less than the thickness of the fixed disk 104, and the spacing between the fixed block 2 and the baffle plate of the sliding rod 201 is the spacing between the brake pad and the brake disk. When the brake pad is worn, the brake pad of the fixed disk 104 moves through the fixed block 2 to drive the sliding rod 201 to slide, and the sliding amount of the sliding rod 201 is the wear amount of the brake pad. The end of the sliding rod 201 away from the fixed block 2 is provided with a scale for indicating the thickness of the brake pad, which is convenient for observing the thickness of the brake pad, and the sliding rod 201 is provided with a fixing component for cooperating with the caliper shell 1.

[0034] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fixed assembly includes a sliding block 3, which is slidably connected in the baffle of the sliding rod 201, and the sliding rod 201 is slidably connected with a sliding plate 301, and a second spring 302 is evenly and equidistantly fixed between the sliding plate 301 and the sliding rod 201, and a T-shaped inclined groove is provided on the side of the sliding plate 301 close to the sliding block 3, and the sliding block 3 is provided with a T-shaped plate for cooperating with the T-shaped inclined groove on the sliding plate 301. The fixed block 2 moves to squeeze the sliding block 3 to move, and the sliding block 3 moves the sliding plate 301 to release the fixation with the caliper shell 1. The contact surfaces of the sliding plate 301 and the caliper shell 1 are both set to rough surfaces for enhancing the friction between the sliding plate 301 and the caliper shell 1. In the initial state, the sliding plate 301 is acted upon by the second spring 302, and contacts and squeezes the caliper shell 1 to complete the fixation of the sliding rod 201.

[0035] See also Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a first fixed shell 4, which is welded in the caliper shell 1 through a connecting plate, a first sliding plug 401 is slidably connected in the first fixed shell 4, and the side wall of the first sliding plug 401 is provided with a thread, the first fixed shell 4 and the first sliding plug 401 cooperate to form a second chamber, the volume of the second chamber is twice the volume of the first chamber, the first fixed shell 4 is connected to the side adjacent to the fixed plate 104 with a liquid guide tube, the end of the liquid guide tube is divided into two paths, the two liquid guide tubes are respectively embedded in two adjacent first sliding columns 107, the middle part of the liquid guide tube is a hose, a first spline rod 402 is bolted in the caliper shell 1, the first spline rod 402 is slidably connected to the first sliding plug 401, a fixed frame 403 is welded in the caliper shell 1, the fixed frame 403 is rotatably connected to a worm 404, the rear end key of the worm 404 is connected to a spur gear 405, the worm 404 is rotatably connected to a fixed frame 406, and the spur gear 405 is located in the fixed In the fixed frame 406, a rack 407 is bolted on the sliding rod 201, and the rack 407 is located in the fixed frame 406 and slides, and the rack 407 is meshed with the spur gear 405. The sliding rod 201 moves through the rack 407 and the spur gear 405 to drive the worm 404 to rotate, and the fixed frame 403 is rotatably connected with a worm wheel 408, and the worm wheel 408 and the worm 404 are meshed to fix the position after adjusting the brake pad to prevent the worm wheel 408 from rotating, and the middle part of the worm wheel 408 is threadedly matched with the first sliding plug 401. The worm 404 rotates through the worm wheel 408 to move the first sliding plug 401. The moving distance of the first sliding plug 401 is equal to the moving distance of the sliding rod 201, that is, the moving distance of the first sliding plug 401 is equal to the wear amount of the brake pad. The movement of the first sliding plug 401 pushes the hydraulic oil into the sliding shell 103, so that the first sliding column 107 and the fixed rod 108 move, and the distance between the brake pad and the brake disc is always maintained.

[0036] The side of the caliper housing 1 close to the brake disc is set as an inclined surface, and the inclined surface of the caliper housing 1 is symmetrically fixed with an inclined plate 5 for guiding air to flow through the brake pad to dissipate heat for the brake pad and the brake disc to avoid wear and heat generation between the two and affect the braking force generated between the two.

[0037] See also Figure 2 and Figure 8As shown, the compensation mechanism includes a second fixed shell 6, the second fixed shell 6 is welded on the fixed plate 105, the sliding push rod 102 is slidably connected with the second fixed shell 6, a third fixed shell 601 is welded in the caliper shell 1, a first conduit 602 is connected between the third fixed shell 601 and the second fixed shell 6, a one-way valve is arranged in the first conduit 602, when the sliding push rod 102 returns to the initial position, due to the increase in the distance between the sliding shell 103 and the first sliding column 107, the sliding push rod 102 and the second fixed shell 6 move, so that the third fixed shell 601 The hydraulic oil in the third fixed shell 601 enters the second fixed shell 6. When the brake pedal is stepped on again, the sliding push rod 102 moves through the hydraulic oil to make the second fixed shell 6 drive the brake pad to move and contact the brake disc through the connection to generate braking force. In this process, the one-way valve of the first conduit 602 limits the flow of hydraulic oil. The third fixed shell 601 is slidably connected with a second sliding plug 603. The second fixed shell 6 and the third fixed shell 601 are both filled with hydraulic oil. The second sliding plug 603 is provided with a reset component for the hydraulic oil in the second fixed shell 6 to flow into the third fixed shell 601.

[0038] See also Figure 8 As shown, the reset assembly includes a second spline rod 7, the second spline rod 7 is rotatably connected to the caliper housing 1, one end of the second spline rod 7 is slidably connected to the second sliding plug 603, the other end of the second spline rod 7 is slidably connected to the second sliding column 701, a third spring 702 is fixed between the second sliding column 701 and the second spline rod 7, the third spring 702 is sleeved on the second sliding column 701, the caliper housing 1 is provided with two blind holes for limiting the second sliding column 701, and the two states of the second spline rod 7 are controlled. The rotating housing 601 is rotatably connected to the rotating housing 704, a cylindrical hole is provided on the side wall of the rotating shell 704, a telescopic rod 703 is welded between the rotating shell 704 and the second sliding plug 603, a second conduit 705 is connected between the third fixed shell 601 and the second fixed shell 6, and the second conduit 705 cooperates with the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell 704. When replacing the brake pad, the user rotates the second spline rod 7 to make the second conduit 705 connected with the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell 704, and the distance between the second fixed shell 6 and the sliding push rod 102 is restored to the initial state. At this time, the hydraulic oil enters the third fixed shell 601 through the second conduit 705.

[0039] When the user drives the commercial vehicle to transport the truck, the user steps on the brake pedal, and the brake pedal starts the air pump 101 through the control module of the vehicle. The greater the amplitude of stepping on the brake pedal, the greater the working efficiency of the air pump 101. The air pump 101 discharges gas of a certain pressure, and the gas squeezes the sliding push rods 102 on the left and right sides of the caliper shell 1 to move synchronously. In the initial state, the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell 704 is staggered with the second conduit 705. At the same time, under the action of the one-way valve in the first conduit 602, the sliding push rod 102 moves through the hydraulic pressure to push the second fixed shell 6 to move, and the second fixed shell 6 drives the adjacent fixed plate 105, the sliding shell 103 and the fixed disk 104 to move, so that the brake pad installed on the fixed disk 104 contacts and squeezes the brake disk to brake, thereby reducing the driving speed of the commercial vehicle or braking to stop.

[0040] In the initial state, the left end extension of the sliding rod 201 represents the thickness of the brake pad. When the brake pad is worn, the fixed plate 104 moves to drive the fixed block 2 to squeeze the sliding block 3 to move first. The sliding block 3 moves through the T-shaped plate to move the sliding plate 301 and compress the second spring 302. The sliding plate 301 is separated from the contact with the caliper housing 1, releasing the fixation of the sliding rod 201. Then the fixed block 2 contacts the baffle that squeezes the sliding rod 201 and moves it to the right. The movement of the sliding rod 201 is the wear amount of the brake pad. The left side extension of the sliding rod 201 always represents the actual thickness of the brake pad. The user can understand the thickness of the vehicle brake pad by observing the scale on the left side extension of the sliding rod 201.

[0041] The movement of the sliding rod 201 drives the rack 407 to move at the same time, the rack 407 drives the spur gear 405 and the worm 404 to rotate, the worm 404 drives the worm wheel 408 to rotate, and the rotation of the worm wheel 408 drives the first sliding plug 401 to move. At this time, the movement distance of the sliding rod 201 is equal to the movement distance of the first sliding plug 401. The movement of the first sliding plug 401 pushes the hydraulic oil in the first fixed shell 4. The hydraulic oil enters the two sliding shells 103 through the guide tube of the first fixed shell 4. When the sliding shell 103 and the fixed plate 104 drive the same parts to move together, the first sliding column 107 And the fixed rod 108 remains stationary, so that the distance between the first sliding column 107 and the sliding shell 103 becomes larger. Since the volume of the second chamber on the first fixed shell 4 is twice the volume of the first chamber on the sliding shell 103, the moving distance of the first sliding column 107 is the same as the moving distance of the first sliding plug 401, that is, the distance between the first sliding column 107 and the sliding shell 103 increases by the wear thickness of the brake pad. Under the same amplitude of each stepping on the brake pedal, the effect of the same magnitude of the braking force generated by the contact between the brake pad and the brake disc is achieved, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the braking system during the driving of commercial vehicles.

[0042] When the user releases the brake pedal, the air pump 101 stops working. Under the action of the first spring 106, the fixed plate 105 drives the sliding shell 103 and the parts connected thereto to move in the opposite direction. When the fixed rod 108 contacts the limit block 109, the sliding shell 103, the fixed plate 105, the second fixed shell 6 and the first sliding column 107 stop moving. At this time, under the elastic force of the first spring 106, the sliding shell 103 and the first sliding column 107 squeeze the hydraulic oil in the first chamber against each other. Due to the threaded fit between the worm gear 408 and the first sliding plug 401, and the worm 404 limiting the rotation of the worm gear 408, the first sliding column 107 and the sliding shell 103 maintain the adjusted distance, that is, the distance between the brake pad and the brake disc is always consistent, ensuring that after stepping on the brake pedal, the time taken for the brake pad to contact the brake disc is always consistent, and the braking force generated at the same stepping distance is the same as before the brake pad wears.

[0043] Since the fixed plate 105 has not returned to its initial state, the sliding push rod 102 moves and resets, so that the distance between the second fixed shell 6 and the sliding push rod 102 becomes larger. As the sliding push rod 102 moves, the hydraulic oil in the third fixed shell 601 enters the second fixed shell 6 through the one-way valve of the first conduit 602, and at the same time, the second sliding plug 603 moves in the third fixed shell 601. When the brake pedal is stepped on again, the air pump 101 works to push the sliding push rod 102 to move. The sliding push rod 102 drives the second fixed shell 6 and the fixed plate 105 to move by pushing the hydraulic oil. In this process, the hydraulic oil in the third fixed shell 601 is driven by the first The one-way valve in the conduit 602 acts as the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell 704 and the second conduit 705 are staggered, so that the hydraulic oil cannot flow from the second fixed shell 6 into the third fixed shell 601, compensating the moving distance of the brake pedal. When the person steps on the brake pedal again, the air pump 101 works to make the sliding push rod 102 drive the second fixed shell 6 to move directly through the hydraulic oil, and the second fixed shell 6 drives the fixed plate 105 to move and perform the above work again, so that the brake pad after the adjusted position moves directly to generate braking force, ensuring the time for the braking force to be generated, and avoiding accidents caused by untimely braking.

[0044] When the brake pad wear reaches the limit value, the brake pad needs to be replaced. The user first pulls out the second sliding column 701 to release the cooperation with the blind hole on the caliper shell 1, and then rotates the second spline rod 7 to make the second sliding column 701 enter the other blind hole of the caliper shell 1. The second spline rod 7 drives the rotating shell 704 to rotate through the second sliding plug 603 and the telescopic rod 703, so that the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell 704 is connected with the second guide tube 705. Then the user presses the sliding block 3 to move with a tool, and performs the same work as above to release the fixation between the sliding rod 201 and the caliper shell 1. Then the user pulls the sliding rod 201 to the left to reset it, so that its upper limit ring contacts the caliper shell 1, and the sliding rod 201 drives the parts connected to it to perform the above-mentioned reverse movement, and the first sliding plug 401 moves to the left, so that the liquid in the first chamber of the sliding shell 103 is connected. The pressurized oil re-enters the second chamber on the first fixed shell 4, and the distance between the sliding shell 103 and the first sliding column 107 is restored to the initial state, and the sliding shell 103 is reset to drive the second fixed shell 6 to move and reset through the fixed plate 105, and the distance between the second fixed shell 6 and the sliding push rod 102 is restored to the initial state. In this process, the hydraulic oil in the second fixed shell 6 enters the third fixed shell 601 through the second guide tube 705 and the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell 704, and the hydraulic oil entering the third fixed shell 601 squeezes the second sliding plug 603 to move in the opposite direction and reset. After the sliding push rod 102 is adjusted, the user stretches the second sliding column 701 and rotates the second spline rod 7 in the opposite direction. At the same time, under the action of the third spring 702, the second sliding column 701 returns to the blind hole in the initial state on the caliper shell 1, and finally the new brake pad is installed on the fixed disk 104.

[0045] When the commercial vehicle is driving, the caliper housing 1 moves and hits the air, and the air acts through the inclined surface of the caliper housing 1 and the inclined plate 5 to guide the airflow to the brake pad, accelerate the temperature dissipation of the brake pad, and ensure the stable braking force generated between the brake pad and the brake disc.

[0046] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A braking force adjustment device for a commercial vehicle brake, characterized in that: The invention comprises a caliper housing (1), wherein an air pump (101) is arranged on one side of the caliper housing (1) away from the wheel hub, the air pump (101) is connected to two conduits, the two conduits are respectively embedded in the two sides of the caliper housing (1), and a sliding push rod (102) is arranged in the two conduits of the air pump (101), sliding housings (103) are equidistantly slidably arranged on both sides of the caliper housing (1), one end of the sliding housing (103) on the same side is fixedly connected to a fixed disk (104), a brake pad for cooperating with a brake disk is installed on the fixed disk (104), a fixing plate (105) is fixedly connected to the other end of the sliding housing (103) on the same side, a first spring (106) is installed between the sliding housing (103) and the caliper housing (1), a first sliding column (107) is slidably arranged in the sliding housing (103), and the sliding housing (103) and the first sliding column (107) are slidably arranged. The moving column (107) cooperates to form a first chamber, and the first chamber is filled with hydraulic oil. A fixing rod (108) is fixedly connected between the first sliding columns (107) on the same side. A limiting block (109) for limiting the fixing rod (108) is fixedly connected in the caliper housing (1). A wear trigger mechanism for adjusting the distance between the brake pad and the brake disc according to the wear amount of the brake pad is symmetrically arranged in the caliper housing (1). An adjusting mechanism for transmitting hydraulic oil into the sliding housing (103) is symmetrically arranged in the caliper housing (1). The adjusting mechanism cooperates with the wear trigger mechanism to adjust the distance between the sliding housing (103) and the first sliding column (107) so that the distance between the surface of the brake pad and the surface of the brake disc is kept constant. A compensation mechanism for compensating for the travel of the brake pedal is arranged between the sliding push rod (102) and the fixed plate (105); The wear trigger mechanism comprises a fixed block (2), the fixed block (2) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed disk (104), a sliding rod (201) is slidably arranged in the caliper housing (1), a circular ring for limiting is arranged on the sliding rod (201), a baffle plate cooperating with the fixed block (2) is arranged on the side of the sliding rod (201) close to the brake disk, the sum of the thickness of the fixed block (2) and the thickness of the baffle plate of the sliding rod (201) is less than the thickness of the fixed disk (104), the distance between the fixed block (2) and the baffle plate of the sliding rod (201) is the distance between the brake pad and the brake disk, and a fixing component for cooperating with the caliper housing (1) is arranged on the sliding rod (201); The fixing assembly comprises a sliding block (3), the sliding block (3) is slidably arranged in a baffle of a sliding rod (201), a sliding plate (301) is slidably arranged on the sliding rod (201), a second spring (302) is equidistantly installed between the sliding plate (301) and the sliding rod (201), a T-shaped inclined groove is arranged on a side of the sliding plate (301) close to the sliding block (3), and the sliding block (3) is provided with a T-shaped plate for matching with the T-shaped inclined groove on the sliding plate (301); the adjusting mechanism comprises a first fixing shell (4), The first fixed shell (4) is fixedly connected to the caliper shell (1) via a connecting plate. A first sliding plug (401) is slidably arranged in the first fixed shell (4). The side wall of the first sliding plug (401) is provided with a thread. The first fixed shell (4) and the first sliding plug (401) cooperate to form a second chamber. The volume of the second chamber is twice the volume of the first chamber. A liquid guide tube is connected to one side of the first fixed shell (4) adjacent to the fixed plate (104). The ends of the liquid guide tube are bifurcated and respectively embedded in adjacent first sliding columns (107). A first spline rod (402) is fixedly connected in the caliper housing (1), and the first spline rod (402) is slidably connected to the first sliding plug (401). A fixing frame (403) is fixedly connected in the caliper housing (1), and the fixing frame (403) is rotatably connected to a worm (404). One end of the worm (404) is fixedly connected to a spur gear (405), and the worm (404) is rotatably connected to a fixing frame (406). The spur gear (405) is located in the fixing frame (406), and a rack (407) is fixedly connected to the sliding rod (201). The rack (407) slides in the fixed frame (406), and the rack (407) is meshed with the spur gear (405). The fixed frame (403) is rotatably connected with a worm gear (408). The worm gear (408) is meshed with the worm (404), and the middle part of the worm gear (408) is threadedly matched with the first sliding plug (401). Under the transmission action of the spur gear (405), the worm (404) and the worm gear (408), the moving distance of the first sliding plug (401) is the same as the moving distance of the rack (407).

2. A braking force regulating device for a commercial vehicle brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the sliding rod (201) away from the fixed block (2) is provided with a scale for indicating the thickness of the brake pad.

3. The braking force regulating device for a commercial vehicle brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surfaces of the sliding plate (301) and the caliper housing (1) are both set as rough surfaces, so as to enhance the friction between the sliding plate (301) and the caliper housing (1).

4. The braking force regulating device for a commercial vehicle brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: A side of the caliper housing (1) close to the brake disc is provided as an inclined surface, and an inclined plate (5) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the caliper housing (1) for guiding air to flow through the brake pad.

5. The braking force regulating device for a commercial vehicle brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation mechanism comprises a second fixed shell (6), the second fixed shell (6) is embedded in a fixed plate (105), a sliding push rod (102) is slidably connected to the second fixed shell (6), a third fixed shell (601) is fixedly connected to the caliper shell (1), a first conduit (602) is connected between the third fixed shell (601) and the second fixed shell (6), a one-way valve is arranged in the first conduit (602), a second sliding plug (603) is slidably arranged in the third fixed shell (601), the second fixed shell (6) and the third fixed shell (601) are both filled with hydraulic oil, and a reset component for the hydraulic oil in the second fixed shell (6) to flow into the third fixed shell (601) is arranged on the second sliding plug (603).

6. The braking force regulating device for a commercial vehicle brake according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reset assembly includes a second spline rod (7), the second spline rod (7) is rotatably arranged on the caliper housing (1), one end of the second spline rod (7) is slidably connected to the second sliding plug (603), the other end of the second spline rod (7) is slidably arranged with a second sliding column (701), a third spring (702) is installed between the second sliding column (701) and the second spline rod (7), the caliper housing (1) is provided with two blind holes for limiting cooperation with the second sliding column (701), and the third fixed A rotating shell (704) is rotatably arranged in the fixed shell (601), a cylindrical hole is arranged on the side wall of the rotating shell (704), a telescopic rod (703) is fixedly connected between the rotating shell (704) and the second sliding plug (603), a second conduit (705) is connected between the third fixed shell (601) and the second fixed shell (6), and the second conduit (705) cooperates with the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell (704) to allow the hydraulic oil in the second fixed shell (6) to flow into the third fixed shell (601).

7. A method for adjusting the braking force of a commercial vehicle brake, using the braking force adjusting device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) When driving a commercial vehicle, the user steps on the brake pedal, and the brake pedal starts the air pump through the vehicle's control module. The greater the amplitude of stepping on the brake pedal, the greater the working efficiency of the air pump. The air pump discharges gas of a certain pressure, and the gas squeezes the sliding push rods on the left and right sides of the caliper shell to move synchronously. In the initial state, the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell is staggered with the second conduit. At the same time, under the action of the one-way valve in the first conduit, the sliding push rod moves and pushes the second fixed shell to move through the hydraulic oil; the second fixed shell drives the adjacent fixed plate, sliding shell and fixed disk to move, so that the brake pads installed on the fixed disk contact and squeeze the brake disk to brake, thereby reducing the driving speed of the commercial vehicle or stopping the vehicle by braking; (2) The amount of extension of the left end of the sliding rod in the initial state indicates the thickness of the brake pad. When the brake pad is worn, the fixed plate moves to drive the fixed block to squeeze the sliding block first, and the sliding block moves through the T-shaped plate to move the sliding plate and compress the second spring. The sliding plate is separated from the contact with the caliper housing, releasing the fixation of the sliding rod. Then the fixed block contacts the baffle that squeezes the sliding rod and moves it to the right. The movement of the sliding rod is the wear amount of the brake pad. The left side extension of the sliding rod always indicates the actual thickness of the brake pad. The user can obtain the thickness of the vehicle brake pad by observing the scale on the left side extension of the sliding rod; (3) The movement of the sliding rod drives the rack to move at the same time, the rack causes the spur gear and the worm to rotate, the worm causes the worm wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the worm wheel causes the first sliding plug to move. At this time, the movement distance of the sliding rod is equal to the movement distance of the first sliding plug; the movement of the first sliding plug pushes the hydraulic oil in the first fixed shell, and the hydraulic oil enters the two sliding shells through the liquid guide tube of the first fixed shell. In the process of the sliding shell and the fixed disk moving together, the first sliding column and the fixed rod remain stationary, so that the distance between the first sliding column and the sliding shell becomes larger; because the volume of the second chamber on the first fixed shell is twice the volume of the first chamber on the sliding shell, the movement distance of the first sliding column is the same as the movement distance of the first sliding plug, that is, the increase in the distance between the first sliding column and the sliding shell is the wear thickness of the brake pad, and the same effect of the magnitude of the braking force generated by the contact between the brake pad and the brake disc is achieved when the brake pedal is stepped on with the same amplitude each time; (4) When the user releases the brake pedal, the air pump stops working. Under the action of the first spring, the fixed plate drives the sliding shell and the parts connected thereto to move in the opposite direction. When the fixed rod contacts the limit block, the sliding shell, the fixed plate, the second fixed shell and the first sliding column stop moving. At this time, under the action of the first spring, the sliding shell and the first sliding column squeeze the hydraulic oil in the first chamber against each other. Due to the threaded fit between the worm gear and the first sliding plug, and the worm limiting the rotation of the worm gear, the first sliding column and the sliding shell maintain the adjusted distance, that is, the distance between the brake pad and the brake disc is always consistent, ensuring that after the brake pedal is stepped on, the time taken for the brake pad to contact the brake disc is always consistent, and the braking force generated at the same stepping distance is the same as before the brake pad is worn; (5) Since the fixed plate has not returned to its initial state, the sliding push rod moves and resets at this time, so that the distance between the second fixed shell and the sliding push rod becomes larger. As the sliding push rod moves, the hydraulic oil in the third fixed shell enters the second fixed shell through the one-way valve of the first guide tube, and at the same time, the second sliding plug moves in the third fixed shell. When the brake pedal is stepped on again, the air pump works to push the sliding push rod to move, and the sliding push rod drives the second fixed shell and the fixed plate to move by pushing the hydraulic oil. In this process, under the action of the one-way valve in the first guide tube, the cylindrical hole of the rotating shell is staggered with the second guide tube, so that the hydraulic oil cannot flow from the second fixed shell into the third fixed shell, thereby compensating for the moving distance of the brake pedal. When the person steps on the brake pedal again, the air pump works to make the sliding push rod drive the second fixed shell to move directly through the hydraulic oil, and the second fixed shell drives the fixed plate to move and perform the above work again, so that the brake pad after adjusting the position moves directly to generate braking force, thereby ensuring the time for the braking force to be generated.

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