Display module, display device and display method thereof

Abstract

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module, comprising: a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer; and further comprising a first polarizing film, a first half-wave plate, and a first quarter-wave plate; the first quarter-wave plate, the first half-wave plate, and the first polarizing film are located on a side of the first substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the first substrate; an angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is in a range of 85° to 105°; an angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is in a range of 105° to 125°; a delay amount of the first half-wave plate for 550nm wavelength light is in a range of 260 to 280nm; an angle between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is in a range of ‑20° to 20°; a delay amount of the first quarter-wave plate for 550nm wavelength light is in a range of 136 to 170nm; and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the field of display technology, and particularly relate to a display module, a display device, and a display method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Semi-transmissive and semi-reflective screens have the excellent reading capabilities of reflective screens in outdoor sunlight and fully transparent screens in low light and no light. In recent years, they have become increasingly important in outdoor instruments, high-end mobile phones, wearable displays and other fields. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display module, a display device, and a display method thereof.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module, comprising:

[0005] a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer formed in a cell gap between the first substrate and the second substrate;

[0006] The display module further includes a first polarizing film, a first half-wave plate, and a first quarter-wave plate; the first quarter-wave plate, the first half-wave plate, and the first polarizing film are located on a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the first substrate;

[0007] The first substrate includes a transmissive area and a reflective area, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive area is greater than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective area;

[0008] The transmissive region can transmit light incident from the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate; the reflective region can reflect light incident from the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate;

[0009] The angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is in the range of 85° to 105°;

[0010] The angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is in the range of 105° to 125°;

[0011] The retardation range of the first half-wave plate for 550nm wavelength light is 260-280nm;

[0012] The angle between the slow axis of the first quarter wave plate and the first direction is in the range of -20° to 20°;

[0013] The delay range of the first quarter-wave plate for 550nm wavelength light is 136-170nm;

[0014] The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer.

[0015] In some embodiments, it further includes a second polarizing film, a second half-wave plate, and a second quarter-wave plate; the second quarter-wave plate, the second half-wave plate, and the second polarizing film are located on a side of the second substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the second substrate;

[0016] The included angle range between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 0° to 10°;

[0017] The included angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 20° to 30°;

[0018] The retardation amount range of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm;

[0019] The included angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 80° to 100°;

[0020] The retardation amount range of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 80 to 115 nm.

[0021] In some embodiments, the included angle range between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 90° to 100°;

[0022] The included angle range between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 110° to 120°;

[0023] The included angle range between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is -10° to 10°;

[0024] The retardation amount range of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 138 to 170 nm.

[0025] In some embodiments, the included angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 24° to 27°;

[0026] The included angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 88° to 94°.

[0027] In some embodiments, the retardation amount range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmission region for light is 228 to 402 nm;

[0028] The retardation amount range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflection region for light is 101 to 214 nm.

[0029] In some embodiments, the retardation amount of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmissive region ranges from 241 to 402 nm for light;

[0030] The retardation amount of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflective region ranges from 121 to 201 nm for light.

[0031] In some embodiments, the included angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°;

[0032] The included angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 115°;

[0033] The retardation amount of the first half-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 270 nm;

[0034] The included angle between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 0°;

[0035] The retardation amount of the first quarter-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 158 nm.

[0036] In some embodiments, the included angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°;

[0037] The included angle between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 25°;

[0038] The retardation amount of the second half-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 270 nm;

[0039] The included angle between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 90°;

[0040] The retardation amount of the second quarter-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 110 nm.

[0041] In some embodiments, a first alignment film and a second alignment film are further included;

[0042] The first alignment film is located on the side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer;

[0043] The second alignment film is located on the side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer;

[0044] The first alignment film and the second alignment film are used to make the liquid crystal layer have an initial alignment when no voltage is applied;

[0045] The alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel to each other and opposite;

[0046] The first direction is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film.

[0047] In some embodiments, a scattering film is further included, which is located between the second quarter-wave plate and the second substrate.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first substrate includes a plurality of sub-pixel regions, and the plurality of sub-pixel regions are arranged in an array;

[0049] Each of the sub-pixel regions is divided into the transmission region and the reflection region.

[0050] In some embodiments, the first substrate includes a first substrate, a pixel circuit, a planarization layer, a reflection layer, and a pixel electrode;

[0051] The pixel circuit, the planarization layer, the reflection layer, and the pixel electrode are sequentially stacked on one side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer;

[0052] The orthographic projection of the planarization layer on the first substrate does not overlap with the transmission region;

[0053] The orthographic projection of the reflection layer on the first substrate does not overlap with the transmission region;

[0054] The orthographic projection of the pixel electrode on the first substrate covers each of the sub-pixel regions;

[0055] The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the pixel circuit.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first substrate includes a first substrate, a pixel circuit, a planarization layer, a reflection layer, and a pixel electrode;

[0057] The pixel circuit, the planarization layer, and the reflection layer are sequentially stacked on one side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer;

[0058] The orthographic projection of the planarization layer on the first substrate does not overlap with the transmission region;

[0059] The orthographic projection of the reflection layer on the first substrate does not overlap with the transmission region;

[0060] The orthographic projection of the pixel electrode on the first substrate does not overlap with the reflection region;

[0061] The pixel electrode is lap-connected to the reflection layer;

[0062] The pixel electrode or the reflection layer is electrically connected to the pixel circuit.

[0063] In some embodiments, the second substrate includes a second substrate and a common electrode;

[0064] The common electrode is located on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer;

[0065] The common electrode is a planar electrode, and an orthographic projection of the common electrode on the first substrate at least covers each of the sub-pixel areas.

[0066] In some embodiments, a backlight module is further included, which is located on the side of the first substrate away from the second substrate, and the orthographic projection of the backlight module on the first substrate is at least located in the transmission area. The backlight module is used to provide backlight for the display in the transmission area.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first polarizing film includes a first protective layer, a first polarizer, and a second protective layer;

[0068] The first protective layer, the first polarizer and the second protective layer are stacked in sequence;

[0069] The second polarizing film includes a third protective layer, a second polarizer and a fourth protective layer;

[0070] The third protective layer, the second polarizer and the fourth protective layer are stacked in sequence;

[0071] The first polarizing film, the first half-wave plate and the first quarter-wave plate are bonded together by a light-transmitting adhesive;

[0072] The second polarizing film, the second half-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate are bonded together by a light-transmitting adhesive.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first polarizer and the second polarizer are both made of iodine-based or dye-based polyester materials;

[0074] The first half-wave plate and the second half-wave plate are both made of alkene polymer material;

[0075] The first quarter wave plate is made of polycarbonate material;

[0076] The second quarter wave plate is made of alkylene polymer material.

[0077] The present disclosure also provides a display module, which includes: a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer is formed in a cell gap between the first substrate and the second substrate; the liquid crystal layer uses electrically controlled birefringence liquid crystal;

[0078] The display module further includes a first polarizing film, a first half-wave plate, and a first quarter-wave plate; the first quarter-wave plate, the first half-wave plate, and the first polarizing film are located on a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the first substrate;

[0079] The display module further includes a second polarizing film, a second half-wave plate, and a second quarter-wave plate; the second quarter-wave plate, the second half-wave plate, and the second polarizing film are located on a side of the second substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the second substrate;

[0080] The first substrate includes a transmissive region and a reflective region, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive region is greater than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective region;

[0081] The transmissive region can transmit light incident from a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate; the reflective region can reflect light incident from a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate;

[0082] The included angle range between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 85° to 105°;

[0083] The included angle range between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 105° to 125°;

[0084] The retardation range of the first half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm;

[0085] The included angle range between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is -20° to 20°;

[0086] The retardation range of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 136 to 170 nm;

[0087] The included angle range between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 0° to 10°;

[0088] The included angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 20° to 30°;

[0089] The retardation range of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm;

[0090] The included angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 80° to 100°;

[0091] The retardation range of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 80 to 115 nm;

[0092] The retardation range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmissive region for light is 228 to 402 nm;

[0093] The retardation range of the light by the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflection region is 101 to 214 nm;

[0094] The first direction is perpendicular to the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal layer.

[0095] In some embodiments, the included angle range between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 90° to 100°;

[0096] The included angle range between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 110° to 120°;

[0097] The included angle range between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is -10° to 10°;

[0098] The retardation range of the first quarter-wave plate for 550-nm wavelength light is 138 to 170 nm.

[0099] In some embodiments, the included angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 24° to 27°;

[0100] The included angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 88° to 94°.

[0101] In some embodiments, the included angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°;

[0102] The included angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 115°;

[0103] The retardation of the first half-wave plate for 550-nm wavelength light is 270 nm;

[0104] The included angle between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 0°;

[0105] The retardation of the first quarter-wave plate for 550-nm wavelength light is 158 nm.

[0106] In some embodiments, the included angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°;

[0107] The included angle between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 25°;

[0108] The retardation of the second half-wave plate for 550-nm wavelength light is 270 nm;

[0109] The included angle between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 90°;

[0110] The retardation of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 110 nm.

[0111] In some embodiments, the retardation range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmissive region for light is 241-402 nm;

[0112] The retardation range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflective region for light is 121-201 nm.

[0113] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, which includes the above display module.

[0114] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display method for the above display device, which includes: light incident from the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate is transmitted through the transmissive region for transmissive display;

[0115] Light incident from the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is reflected by the reflective region for reflective display;

[0116] The display method further includes:

[0117] Detecting the ambient light brightness;

[0118] Adjusting the display brightness of the transmissive region according to the ambient light brightness;

[0119] The display brightness of the transmissive region is inversely proportional to the ambient light brightness. Description of the Drawings

[0120] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present disclosure to explain the present disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation to the present disclosure. By describing the detailed exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings, the above and other features and advantages will become more obvious to those skilled in the art. In the drawings:

[0121] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure corresponding to a sub-pixel region of the display module provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0122] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partition setting of each sub-pixel region in the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0123] Figure 3a It is a schematic diagram of the superposition of the first polarizing film, the first half-wave plate and the first quarter-wave plate in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0124] Figure 3b It is a schematic diagram of the superposition of the second polarizing film, the second half-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0125] Figure 4a Schematic diagram of the angular settings of the alignment direction of the first alignment film, the first polarizing film, the first half-wave plate, and the optical axis of the first quarter-wave plate in the display module of the present disclosure

[0126] Figure 4b Schematic diagram of the angular settings of the alignment direction of the second alignment film, the second polarizing film, the second half-wave plate, and the optical axis of the second quarter-wave plate in the display module of the present disclosure

[0127] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the simulation data of the included angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction and the included angle between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction in the embodiment of the present disclosure

[0128] Figure 6 For Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the included angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction and the transmittance and contrast of the display module drawn according to the simulation data in

[0129] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the simulation data of different retardation amounts of the first quarter-wave plate in the embodiment of the present disclosure

[0130] Figure 8 For Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between different retardation amounts of the first quarter-wave plate and the transmittance and contrast of the display module drawn according to the simulation data in

[0131] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the simulation data of the included angle between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction and the included angle between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction in the embodiment of the present disclosure

[0132] Figure 10 For Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the included angle between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction and the reflectance and contrast of the display module drawn according to the simulation data in

[0133] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the simulation data of different retardation amounts of the second quarter-wave plate in the embodiment of the present disclosure

[0134] Figure 12 For Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between different retardation amounts of the second quarter-wave plate and the reflectance and contrast of the display module drawn according to the simulation data in

[0135] Figure 13Schematic diagram of simulation data of different light delays of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflection region in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0136] Figure 14 It is based on Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the different light delays of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflection region and the reflectivity and contrast of the display module drawn according to the simulation data in

[0137] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of simulation data of different light delays of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmission region in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0138] Figure 16 It is based on Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the different light delays of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmission region and the transmittance and contrast of the display module drawn according to the simulation data in

[0139] Figure 17 Schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of another display module in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0140] Figure 18 It is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the light path when the display module in shows a white state.

[0141] Figure 19 It is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the conversion of the light polarization state in the reflection region when the display module in shows a white state.

[0142] Figure 20 It is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the conversion of the light polarization state in the transmission region when the display module in shows a white state.

[0143] Figure 21 It is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the light path when the display module in shows a black state.

[0144] Figure 22 It is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the conversion of the light polarization state in the reflection region when the display module in shows a black state.

[0145] Figure 23 It is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the conversion of the light polarization state in the transmission region when the display module in shows a black state. Detailed implementation manners

[0146] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following further describes in detail a display module, a display device, and a display method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0147] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the illustrated embodiments may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0148] Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but include modifications to the configurations formed based on manufacturing processes. Therefore, the regions illustrated in the drawings have schematic properties, and the shapes of the regions shown in the figures illustrate the specific shapes of the regions, but are not intended to be restrictive.

[0149] In the publicly known technology, in a transflective liquid crystal display module, a λ / 2 wave plate and a λ / 4 wave plate are usually added to the upper and lower polarizers respectively. The upper and lower polarizers and the added λ / 2 wave plate and λ / 4 wave plate are matched with the liquid crystal cell to achieve the linear-circular polarization conversion of polarized light, so as to open and close the optical path by power-off / power-on, and further achieve the transmissive / reflective display of the transflective liquid crystal display module. However, in actual use, due to the dispersion effects of the λ / 2 wave plate, the λ / 4 wave plate, and the liquid crystal cell, there are differences in the linear-circular polarization conversion efficiency of light in different bands within the entire visible light band, which macroscopically manifests as problems such as low brightness (i.e., low reflectivity / transmittance), low contrast, and color deviation in the transflective liquid crystal display module.

[0150] In view of the problems such as low brightness, low contrast, and color deviation existing in the transflective liquid crystal display module in the publicly known technology, embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display module. Refer to Figure 1, wherein, it includes: a first substrate 1; a second substrate 2; a liquid crystal layer 3 is formed in the cell gap between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2; the display module further includes a first polarizing film 4, a first half-wave plate 51 and a first quarter-wave plate 52; the first quarter-wave plate 52, the first half-wave plate 51 and the first polarizing film 4 are located on the side of the first substrate 1 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 3 and are stacked in sequence away from the first substrate 1; the first substrate 1 includes a transmissive region 101 and a reflective region 102, and the thickness h1 of the liquid crystal layer 3 in the transmissive region 101 is greater than the thickness h2 of the liquid crystal layer 3 in the reflective region 102; the transmissive region 101 can transmit the light incident from the side of the first substrate 1 facing away from the second substrate 2; the reflective region 102 can reflect the light incident from the side of the second substrate 2 facing away from the first substrate 1; the included angle range between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film 4 and the first direction is 85° to 105°; the included angle range between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate 51 and the first direction is 105° to 125°; the retardation amount range of the first half-wave plate 51 for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm; the included angle range between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate 52 and the first direction is -20° to 20°; the retardation amount range of the first quarter-wave plate 52 for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 136 to 170 nm; the first direction is the direction perpendicular to the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 3.

[0151] In some embodiments, the display module further includes a second polarizing film 6, a second half-wave plate 71 and a second quarter-wave plate 72; the second quarter-wave plate 72, the second half-wave plate 71 and the second polarizing film 6 are located on the side of the second substrate 2 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 3 and are stacked in sequence away from the second substrate 2; the included angle range between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film 6 and the first direction is 0° to 10°; the included angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate 71 and the first direction is 20° to 30°; the retardation amount range of the second half-wave plate 71 for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm; the included angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate 72 and the first direction is 80° to 100°; the retardation amount range of the second quarter-wave plate 72 for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 80 to 115 nm.

[0152] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2, the first substrate 1 includes a plurality of sub-pixel regions 100 which are arranged in an array; each sub-pixel region 100 is divided into a transmissive region 101 and a reflective region 102. Among them, a metal reflective layer is provided in the reflective region 102, which can be used to reflect the ambient light incident from the side of the second substrate 2 facing away from the first substrate 1, and the backlight incident from the side of the first substrate 1 facing away from the second substrate 2 cannot pass through. The transmissive region 101 is not provided with a metal reflective layer, so that the ambient light incident from the side of the second substrate 2 facing away from the first substrate 1 cannot be reflected, but the backlight incident from the side of the first substrate 1 facing away from the second substrate 2 can pass through. In this way, the transflective display of the display module can be realized.

[0153] By partitioning the transmissive region 101 and the reflective region 102 of each sub-pixel region 100 of the first substrate 1, the area ratios of the transmissive region 101 and the reflective region 102 within each sub-pixel region 100 can be flexibly designed and adjusted according to the actual requirements of the transmissive brightness and the reflective brightness during the display process of different models or categories of display modules in practical applications.

[0154] In some embodiments, the shapes of the transmissive region 101 and the reflective region 102 within the sub-pixel region 100 can be any shape, as long as it is ensured that the transmissive region 101 and the reflective region 102 are spliced to form the entire sub-pixel region 100. For example: Refer to Figure 2 , the transmissive region 101 can be a rectangular shape with a relatively small area ratio, that is, the transmissive region 101 is a hole region whose orthographic projection in the display module is a rectangle; the reflective region 102 is a region with a relatively large area ratio outside the transmissive region 101 within the sub-pixel region 100.

[0155] In this embodiment, the linearly polarized light remains linearly polarized after passing through the first half-wave plate 51. The function of the first half-wave plate 51 is to perform partial phase compensation on the light passing through it, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the first quarter-wave plate 52 for linearly polarized to circularly polarized state conversion of visible light in different bands; the linearly polarized light remains linearly polarized after passing through the second half-wave plate 71. The function of the second half-wave plate 71 is to perform partial phase compensation on the light passing through it, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the second quarter-wave plate 72 for linearly polarized to circularly polarized state conversion of visible light in different bands; thereby improving the light efficiency of the white state display of the display module and reducing the light leakage in the dark state. The polarization angle of the linearly polarized light before passing through the first half-wave plate 51 or the second half-wave plate 71 is mirror-symmetric with the polarization angle after passing through the first half-wave plate 51 or the second half-wave plate 71. When the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light passing through the first quarter-wave plate 52 or the second quarter-wave plate 72 forms a 45° angle with the slow axis direction of the first quarter-wave plate 52 or the second quarter-wave plate 72, the first quarter-wave plate 52 or the second quarter-wave plate 72 can convert the linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light; the functions of the first quarter-wave plate 52 and the second quarter-wave plate 72 are to perform linearly polarized to circularly polarized state conversion on the light passing through them, so as to realize the opening and closing of the optical path of the transflective display module.

[0156] In some embodiments, both the first half-wave plate 51 and the second half-wave plate 71 are made of alkenyl polymer material (i.e., COP); the wave plate of this material is formed into a half-wave plate with a fast axis and a slow axis by uniaxial stretching, and its stretching direction is the slow axis direction of the half-wave plate. The first quarter-wave plate 52 is made of polycarbonate material (i.e., PC); the wave plate of this material is formed into a quarter-wave plate with a fast axis and a slow axis by uniaxial stretching, and its stretching direction is the slow axis direction of the quarter-wave plate. The second quarter-wave plate 72 is made of alkenyl polymer material (i.e., COP); the wave plate of this material is formed into a quarter-wave plate with a fast axis and a slow axis by uniaxial stretching. The direction of the light vector with a slow propagation speed in the wave plate is the slow axis, and the direction of the light vector with a fast propagation speed in the wave plate is the fast axis.

[0157] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3a , the first polarizing film 4 includes a first protective layer 41, a first polarizer 42, and a second protective layer 43; the first protective layer 41, the first polarizer 42, and the second protective layer 43 are stacked in sequence. The first polarizing film 4 and the first half-wave plate 51 and the first quarter-wave plate 52 are bonded together through a light-transmitting adhesive 8 to form an integral structure.

[0158] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3b, the second polarizing film 6 includes a third protective layer 61, a second polarizer 62, and a fourth protective layer 63; the third protective layer 61, the second polarizer 62, and the fourth protective layer 63 are stacked in sequence. The second polarizing film 6 is bonded to the second half-wave plate 71 and the second quarter-wave plate 72 through a light-transmitting adhesive 8 to form an integral structure.

[0159] In some embodiments, when the first polarizing film 4, the first half-wave plate 51, and the first quarter-wave plate 52 are disposed on the first substrate, the first polarizing film 4, the first half-wave plate 51, and the first quarter-wave plate 52 can be separately attached to the first substrate; alternatively, the integral structure formed by bonding the first polarizing film 4 with the first half-wave plate 51 and the first quarter-wave plate 52 can be attached to the first substrate.

[0160] In some embodiments, when the second polarizing film 6, the second half-wave plate 71, and the second quarter-wave plate 72 are disposed on the second substrate, the second polarizing film 6, the second half-wave plate 71, and the second quarter-wave plate 72 can be separately attached to the second substrate; alternatively, the integral structure formed by bonding the second polarizing film 6 with the second half-wave plate 71 and the second quarter-wave plate 72 can be attached to the second substrate.

[0161] In some embodiments, both the first polarizer 42 and the second polarizer 62 are made of iodine-based or dye-based polyester materials, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) materials, and the first protective layer 41, the second protective layer 43, the third protective layer 61, and the fourth protective layer 63 are all made of materials such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC). Among them, the function of the first polarizer 42 and the second polarizer 62 is to convert natural light into linearly polarized light. However, PVA is extremely prone to hydrolysis. In order to protect the physical properties of the polarizing film, a TAC film with high light transmittance, good water resistance, and certain mechanical strength is laminated on both sides of the PVA for protection.

[0162] In some embodiments, the polarizer is formed by uniaxial stretching to form a polarizer with an absorption axis and a transmission axis. The stretching direction is the absorption axis direction of the polarizer, and the absorption axis and the transmission axis are perpendicular to each other. Ambient light and backlight both belong to natural light. Natural light includes light rays with multiple polarization directions. The light rays in natural light whose polarization directions are parallel to the absorption axis direction of the polarizer will be absorbed, and the light rays whose polarization directions are perpendicular to the absorption axis direction of the polarizer can pass through.

[0163] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1, the display module further includes a first alignment film 9 and a second alignment film 10; the first alignment film 9 is located on the side of the first substrate 1 close to the liquid crystal layer; the second alignment film 10 is located on the side of the second substrate 2 close to the liquid crystal layer; the first alignment film 9 and the second alignment film 10 are used to make the liquid crystal have an initial alignment when no power is applied; the alignment directions of the first alignment film 9 and the second alignment film 10 are parallel and opposite to each other.

[0164] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 4a and Figure 4b , within the plane of the display module, usually a bonding area is provided on one side thereof, and a driving chip (i.e., a driving IC) for driving the display module to display is provided within the bonding area. The alignment direction of the first alignment film is its rubbing alignment direction, defined as the direction L1 from the side where the driving chip (i.e., the driving IC) of the display module is provided to its opposite side; the alignment direction of the second alignment film is its rubbing alignment direction, defined as the direction L2 parallel and opposite to the L1 direction.

[0165] In some embodiments, a plane rectangular coordinate system is established within the plane of the display module. The alignment direction L1 of the first alignment film is defined as the Y-axis direction of the plane rectangular coordinate system, and the direction with an angle of 90° with the alignment direction L1 of the first alignment film is defined as the X-axis direction of the plane rectangular coordinate system. If the X-axis direction is defined as the first direction, then the alignment direction L1 of the first alignment film has an angle of 90° with the first direction; the alignment direction L2 of the second alignment film has an angle of -90° with the first direction, that is, the first direction is the direction perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film.

[0166] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4a and Figure 4b , the angle θ1 between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction ranges from 90° to 100°; the angle α1 between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction ranges from 110° to 120°; the angle β1 between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction ranges from -10° to 10°; the retardation amount of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm ranges from 138 to 170 nm.

[0167] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4a and Figure 4b , the angle θ1 between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°; the angle α1 between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 115°; the retardation amount of the first half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the angle β1 between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 0°; the retardation amount of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 158 nm.

[0168] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4a andFigure 4b The included angle θ2 between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction ranges from 0° to 10°; the included angle α2 between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction ranges from 24° to 27°; the included angle β2 between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction ranges from 88° to 94°.

[0169] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4a and Figure 4b , the included angle θ2 between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; the included angle α2 between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 25°; the retardation of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the included angle β2 between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 90°; the retardation of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 110 nm.

[0170] In this embodiment, the retardation calculation formula for both the first half-wave plate and the second half-wave plate is: R0 = (nx - ny) × d2; where d2 is the thickness of the wave plate; nx and ny are the refractive indices of the slow axis and the fast axis of each half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm, respectively.

[0171] In this embodiment, the angle settings of the absorption axis of the first polarizing film, the slow axis of the first half-wave plate, and the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate are all set from the perspective of the human eye viewing from the second substrate side. The angle settings of the absorption axis of the second polarizing film, the slow axis of the second half-wave plate, and the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate are also all set from the perspective of the human eye viewing from the second substrate side.

[0172] In this embodiment, the retardation calculation formula for both the first quarter-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate is: R0 = (nx' - ny') × d1; where d1 is the thickness of the wave plate; nx' and ny' are the refractive indices of the slow axis and the fast axis of each quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm, respectively.

[0173] Among them, the wavelength of 550 nm is a standard reference wavelength during design. Currently, most display modules use this wavelength as the standard to design the parameters of the above-mentioned wave plates and polarizers.

[0174] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the retardation range of the liquid crystal layer 3 corresponding to the transmission region 101 for light is 228 - 402 nm; the retardation range of the liquid crystal layer 3 corresponding to the reflection region 102 for light is 101 - 214 nm.

[0175] In some embodiments, the retardation range of the liquid crystal layer 3 corresponding to the transmissive region 101 is 241 - 402 nm; the retardation range of the liquid crystal layer 3 corresponding to the reflective region 102 is 121 - 201 nm.

[0176] Among them, the retardation calculation formula of the liquid crystal cell composed of the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2 and the liquid crystal layer 3 in the cell gap between them is as follows: the retardation calculation formula of the reflective region 102 is: Re.(reflection)=Δn*h2; the retardation calculation formula of the transmissive region 101 is: Re.(transmission)=Δn*h1; where, h1 is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 3 in the transmissive region 101; h2 is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 3 in the reflective region 102; Δn is the refractive index difference between the major axis and the minor axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 for the incident light.

[0177] In this embodiment, in the feasibility simulation test of the axis setting angles of the above polarizing films and phase retardation films in the following display module, the first polarizing film and the first phase retardation composite film are called the first light conversion layer; the second polarizing film and the second phase retardation composite film are called the second light conversion layer. The first half-wave plate and the second half-wave plate are both called λ / 2 or λ / 2 wave plate; the first quarter-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate are both called λ / 4 or λ / 4 wave plate; the retardation is represented by Re.; the liquid crystal layer is represented by LC; the contrast ratio is represented by CR.

[0178] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6, mainly considering the transmission mode of the display module, the following parameter simulations are carried out: the included angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; the second half-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 25°, and the retardation of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the second quarter-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 90°, and the retardation of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 110 nm. Under these conditions, the included angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°; the first half-wave plate is made of COP material, and its retardation for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the first quarter-wave plate is made of PC material, and its retardation for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 158 nm; when the retardation of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmission area for light is 302 nm, the included angles between the slow axes of the first half-wave plate and the first direction and between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction are combined and simulated, and the simulation results are characterized by the display transmittance and contrast of the display module. It can be seen from the simulation results that considering the transmittance and contrast of the display module comprehensively, the preferred range of the included angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 110° - 120°, and correspondingly, the preferred range of the included angle between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is -10° - 10°, and the transmittance and contrast of the display module are better.

[0179] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , different retardations of the first quarter-wave plate are simulated. The simulation conditions are: the included angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; the second half-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 25°, and the retardation of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the second quarter-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 90°, the included angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°; the first half-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 115°, and the retardation of the first half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the first quarter-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 0°; the retardation of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmission area for light is 302 nm. It can be seen from the simulation results that considering the transmittance and contrast of the display module comprehensively, the preferred range of the retardation of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 138 - 170 nm, and the transmittance and contrast of the display module are better.

[0180] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10, mainly considering the reflection mode of the display module, the following parameter simulations are carried out: the included angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; the second half-wave plate is made of COP material, and its retardation amount for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the second quarter-wave plate is made of COP material, and its retardation amount for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 110 nm. When the retardation amount of the corresponding liquid crystal layer in the reflection area for light is 147 nm, a combined simulation is carried out on the included angle between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction and the included angle between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction. Considering the reflectivity and contrast of the display module comprehensively, it is preferred that the range of the included angle between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 24° to 27°, and correspondingly, it is preferred that the range of the included angle between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 88° to 94°, and the reflectivity and contrast of the display module are better.

[0181] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , simulations are carried out on different retardation amounts of the second quarter-wave plate. The simulation conditions are: the included angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; the second half-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 25°, and the retardation amount of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the second quarter-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 90°; the retardation amount of the corresponding liquid crystal layer in the reflection area for light is 147 nm; the simulation results show that considering the reflectivity and contrast of the display module comprehensively, it is preferred that the range of the retardation amount of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 80 - 115 nm, and the reflectivity and contrast of the display module are better.

[0182] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 13 and Figure 14, the different light delay amounts of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflection region are simulated. The simulation conditions are as follows: the included angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; the second half-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 25°, and the light delay amount of the second half-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 270 nm; the second quarter-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 90°; the light delay amount of the second quarter-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 110 nm; the included angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°; the first half-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 115°, and the light delay amount of the first half-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 270 nm; the first quarter-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 0°; the light delay amount of the first quarter-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 110 nm. It can be seen from the simulation results that considering the reflectivity and contrast of the display module comprehensively, the preferred light delay amount range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflection region is 121 - 201 nm, and the reflectivity and contrast of the display module are better.

[0183] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 15 and Figure 16 , the different light delay amounts of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmission region are simulated. The simulation conditions are as follows: the included angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; the second half-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 25°, and the light delay amount of the second half-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 270 nm; the second quarter-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 90°; the light delay amount of the second quarter-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 110 nm; the included angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°; the first half-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 115°, and the light delay amount of the first half-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 270 nm; the first quarter-wave plate is made of COP material, and the included angle between its slow axis and the first direction is 0°; the light delay amount of the first quarter-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 110 nm. It can be seen from the simulation results that considering the transmittance and contrast of the display module comprehensively, the preferred light delay amount range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmission region is 241 - 402 nm, and the transmittance and contrast of the display module are better.

[0184] In summary, it can be seen that by performing the above-mentioned combination matching design on the absorption axis direction of the first polarizing film 4 and the second polarizing film 6 in the display module, the slow axis direction of the first half-wave plate 51 and the first quarter-wave plate 52 in the first phase delay combination film 5 and their delay amount for 550nm wavelength light, the slow axis direction of the second half-wave plate 71 and the second quarter-wave plate 72 in the second phase delay combination film 7 and their delay amount for 550nm wavelength light, the delay amount of the liquid crystal layer 3 corresponding to the transmission area 101 for light, and the delay amount of the liquid crystal layer 3 corresponding to the reflection area 102 for light, the dispersion effect of each half-wave plate, each quarter-wave plate and the liquid crystal box can be reduced, the overall linear circular polarization state conversion efficiency of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective display module for the incident light is improved, and dark state light leakage is reduced; thereby improving the reflection and transmission light efficiency of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective display module, and achieving high brightness and high contrast display effects of the display module.

[0185] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The display module further includes a scattering film 11 located between the second quarter-wave plate 72 and the second substrate 2. The scattering film 11 reduces the specular reflection of the incident light and the outgoing light, causing the incident light and the outgoing light to undergo diffuse reflection, thereby increasing the viewing angle of the display module.

[0186] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3b The second polarizing film 6 , the second half-wave plate 71 , the second quarter-wave plate 72 and the scattering film 11 are bonded together by a transparent adhesive 8 to form an integrated structure.

[0187] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3a The display module further includes a brightness enhancement film 18 located on a side of the first polarizing film 4 away from the first half-wave plate 51 . The brightness enhancement film 18 can enhance the brightness of the backlight provided by the backlight module.

[0188] In some embodiments, the brightness enhancement film 18 , the first polarizing film 4 , the first half-wave plate 51 and the first quarter-wave plate 52 are bonded together by a light-transmitting adhesive 8 to form an integrated structure.

[0189] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1The first substrate 1 includes a first substrate 12, a pixel circuit 13, a planar layer 14, a reflective layer 15, and a pixel electrode 16. The pixel circuit 13, the planar layer 14, the reflective layer 15, and the pixel electrode 16 are stacked in sequence on the side of the first substrate 12 closest to the liquid crystal layer 3. The orthographic projection of the planar layer 14 on the first substrate 12 does not overlap with the transmissive region 101. The orthographic projection of the reflective layer 15 on the first substrate 12 does not overlap with the transmissive region 101. The orthographic projection of the pixel electrode 16 on the first substrate 12 covers each sub-pixel region 100. The pixel electrode 16 is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 13. By omitting the planar layer 14 and the reflective layer 15 in the transmissive region 101, a difference in thickness of the liquid crystal layer 3 can be achieved between the transmissive region 101 and the reflective region 102, thereby achieving a difference in the retardation of light by the liquid crystal layer 3 in the transmissive region 101 and the reflective region 102.

[0190] Among them, the reflective layer 15 is made of a reflective metal material. The flat layer 14 is made of an organic resin material. The thickness of the organic resin material can be made thicker, which is conducive to achieving the difference in thickness of the liquid crystal layer 3 in the transmissive area 101 and the reflective area 102. The pixel circuit 13 is a pixel electrode driving circuit composed of multiple thin film transistors and capacitors. For example, the pixel circuit 13 can be a traditional driving circuit such as 2T1C, 3T1C, 4T1C, 5T1C, 6T1C, 7T1C, etc. The pixel electrode 16 is made of a light-transmitting conductive material, such as indium tin oxide material; the pixel electrode 16 is connected to the drain of the thin film transistor through a via hole opened in the insulating layer (such as the gate insulating layer, passivation layer, etc.) in the pixel circuit 13.

[0191] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The second substrate 2 includes a second base 21 and a common electrode 22. The common electrode 22 is located on the side of the second base 21 closest to the liquid crystal layer 3. The common electrode 22 is a planar electrode, and its orthographic projection on the first base 12 covers at least each sub-pixel area 100. The electric field formed by the voltage applied to the common electrode 22 and the pixel electrode 16 controls the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3, thereby achieving a transflective display in the display module.

[0192] In some embodiments, the display module further includes a backlight module 17, which is located on a side of the first substrate 1 facing away from the second substrate 2. The orthographic projection of the backlight module 17 on the first substrate 1 is located at least in the transmissive region 101. The backlight module 17 is used to provide backlight for the display in the transmissive region 101. Since the reflective region 101 is not light-transmissive, the backlight module 17 can be located only in the transmissive region 101; alternatively, the backlight module 17 can provide backlight only for the area corresponding to the transmissive region 101, and not for the area corresponding to the reflective region 102.

[0193] The backlight module 17 includes a backlight source, which can be a direct-lit backlight source or an edge-lit backlight source.

[0194] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal layer 3 employs electro-controlled birefringence liquid crystal (i.e., ECB liquid crystal). The angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the electric field varies with the voltage magnitude, thus changing the birefringence of the liquid crystal cell. The display module using this electro-controlled birefringence liquid crystal can achieve a normally white mode display; that is, when no voltage is applied to this electro-controlled birefringence liquid crystal, the long axes of its liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a nematic manner parallel to the first substrate 1, and the display module displays a white state; when voltage is applied to this electro-controlled birefringence liquid crystal, the long axes of its liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a nematic manner perpendicular to the first substrate 1, and the display module displays a black state.

[0195] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 17 , the first substrate 1 includes a first base 12, a pixel circuit 13, a planarization layer 14, a reflective layer 15, and a pixel electrode 16; the pixel circuit 13, the planarization layer 14, and the reflective layer 15 are sequentially stacked on one side of the first base 12 close to the liquid crystal layer 3; the orthographic projection of the planarization layer 14 on the first base 12 does not overlap with the transmissive region 101; the orthographic projection of the reflective layer 15 on the first base 12 does not overlap with the transmissive region 101; the orthographic projection of the pixel electrode 16 on the first base 12 does not overlap with the reflective region 102; the pixel electrode 16 is lap-connected to the reflective layer 15; the pixel electrode 16 or the reflective layer 15 is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 13.

[0196] Referring to Figure 17 , the pixel electrode 16 is only disposed in the transmissive region 101, and the reflective layer 15 is only disposed in the reflective region 102. The reflective layer 15 of the reflective region 102 reflects the incident light on the one hand to achieve the reflective display of the reflective region 102; on the other hand, the reflective layer 15 also serves as the pixel electrode of the reflective region 102. The reflective layer 15 is lap-connected to the pixel electrode 16 and jointly serves as the pixel electrode, thereby realizing the image display of each sub-pixel region.

[0197] In this embodiment, the display module with the above structure can display a white state when no electric field is formed between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 22; the optical path of the display module when displaying a white state refers to Figure 18 , Figure 19 and Figure 20; In the reflection area 102, the external ambient light is converted into linearly polarized light with a first polarization direction after passing through the second polarizing film 6; the linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction remains linearly polarized after passing through the second half-wave plate 71, but its phase is compensated by a certain angle, that is, the polarization angle of the linearly polarized light before passing through the second half-wave plate 71 and the polarization angle after passing through the second half-wave plate 71 are mirror-symmetric angles; the linearly polarized light after phase compensation is converted into clockwise circularly polarized light after passing through the second quarter-wave plate 72; the circularly polarized light is converted into linearly polarized light with a first polarization direction after passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 with its long axis arranged in a nematic manner parallel to the first substrate 1; the linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction remains linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction after being reflected by the reflection layer 15 in the reflection area 102, that is, its polarization direction does not change; the reflected linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction is converted into counterclockwise circularly polarized light after passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 with its long axis arranged in a nematic manner parallel to the first substrate 1; the circularly polarized light is converted into linearly polarized light with a first polarization direction after passing through the second quarter-wave plate 72; the linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction obtains phase compensation after passing through the second half-wave plate 71 and remains linearly polarized light; the linearly polarized light exits after passing through the second polarizing film 6, realizing the white-state display of the reflection area 102. In the transmission area 101, the backlight provided by the backlight module 17 is converted into linearly polarized light with a first polarization direction after passing through the first polarizing film 4; the linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction obtains phase compensation after passing through the first half-wave plate 51 but remains linearly polarized light; the linearly polarized light is converted into clockwise circularly polarized light after passing through the first quarter-wave plate 52; the clockwise circularly polarized light is converted into counterclockwise circularly polarized light after passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 with its long axis arranged in a nematic manner parallel to the first substrate 1; the counterclockwise circularly polarized light is converted into linearly polarized light with a first polarization direction after passing through the second quarter-wave plate 72; the linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction obtains phase compensation after passing through the second half-wave plate 71 but remains linearly polarized light; the linearly polarized light exits after passing through the second polarizing film 6, realizing the white-state display of the transmission area 101.

[0198] In this embodiment, when an electric field is applied between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 22 in the above structure, the display shows a black state. The optical path of the display module when showing a black state is referred to Figure 21 , Figure 22 and Figure 23; In the reflection region 102, the external ambient light is converted into linearly polarized light with a first polarization direction after passing through the second polarizing film 6; the linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction remains linearly polarized after passing through the second half-wave plate 71, but its phase is compensated by a certain angle, that is, the polarization angle of the linearly polarized light before passing through the second half-wave plate 71 and the polarization angle after passing through the second half-wave plate 71 are mirror-symmetric angles; the linearly polarized light after phase compensation is converted into clockwise circularly polarized light after passing through the second quarter-wave plate 72; the circularly polarized light remains clockwise circularly polarized after passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 with its long axis arranged in a nematic manner perpendicular to the first substrate 1; the clockwise circularly polarized light remains clockwise circularly polarized after being reflected by the reflective layer 15 in the reflection region 102, that is, its polarization direction does not change; the reflected clockwise circularly polarized light remains clockwise circularly polarized after passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 with its long axis arranged in a nematic manner perpendicular to the first substrate 1; the circularly polarized light is converted into linearly polarized light with a second polarization direction after passing through the second quarter-wave plate 72; the linearly polarized light with the second polarization direction obtains phase compensation after passing through the second half-wave plate 71 and remains linearly polarized; the linearly polarized light cannot exit after passing through the second polarizing film 6, realizing the black state display of the reflection region 102. In the transmission region 101, the backlight provided by the backlight module 17 is converted into linearly polarized light with a first polarization direction after passing through the first polarizing film 4; the linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction obtains phase compensation after passing through the first half-wave plate 51 but still remains linearly polarized; the linearly polarized light is converted into clockwise circularly polarized light after passing through the first quarter-wave plate 52; the clockwise circularly polarized light remains clockwise circularly polarized after passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 with its long axis arranged in a nematic manner perpendicular to the first substrate 1; the clockwise circularly polarized light is converted into linearly polarized light with a second polarization direction after passing through the second quarter-wave plate 72; the linearly polarized light with the second polarization direction obtains phase compensation after passing through the second half-wave plate 71 but still remains linearly polarized; the linearly polarized light cannot exit after passing through the second polarizing film 6, realizing the black state display of the transmission region 101.

[0199] In the display module provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, by combining and matching the absorption axis directions of the first polarizing film 4 and the second polarizing film 6, the slow axis directions of the first half-wave plate 51 and the first quarter-wave plate 52 and their retardation amounts for 550-nm wavelength light, the slow axis directions of the second half-wave plate 71 and the second quarter-wave plate 72 and their retardation amounts for 550-nm wavelength light, the retardation amount of the liquid crystal layer 3 corresponding to the transmissive region 101 for light, and the retardation amount of the liquid crystal layer 3 corresponding to the reflective region 102 for light, the dispersion effects of each half-wave plate, each quarter-wave plate, and the liquid crystal cell can be reduced, the overall linear-circular polarization state conversion efficiency of the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective display module for incident light can be improved, and the light leakage in the dark state can be reduced; thereby improving the reflection and transmission light effects of the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective display module and achieving the effects of high brightness and high contrast display of the display module.

[0200] In view of the problems of low brightness, low contrast, color deviation, etc. existing in the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective liquid crystal display module in the disclosed technology, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display module, which includes: a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer is formed in the cell gap between the first substrate and the second substrate; the liquid crystal layer uses an electrically controlled birefringence type liquid crystal; the display module further includes a first polarizing film, a first half-wave plate and a first quarter-wave plate; the first quarter-wave plate, the first half-wave plate and the first polarizing film are located on the side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the first substrate; the display module further includes a second polarizing film, a second half-wave plate and a second quarter-wave plate; the second quarter-wave plate, the second half-wave plate and the second polarizing film are located on the side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the second substrate; the first substrate includes a transmissive area and a reflective area, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive area is greater than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective area; the transmissive area can transmit the light incident from the side of the first substrate away from the second substrate; the reflective area can reflect the light incident from the side of the second substrate away from the first substrate; the included angle range between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 85° to 105°; the included angle range between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 105° to 125°; the retardation amount range of the first half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm; the included angle range between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is -20° to 20°; the retardation amount range of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 136 to 170 nm; the included angle range between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 0° to 10°; the included angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 20° to 30°; the retardation amount range of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm; the included angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 80° to 100°; the retardation amount range of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 80 to 115 nm; the retardation amount range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmissive area for light is 228 to 402 nm; the retardation amount range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflective area for light is 101 to 214 nm; the first direction is the direction perpendicular to the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal layer.

[0201] In some embodiments, the included angle range between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 90° to 100°; the included angle range between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 110° to 120°; the included angle range between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is -10° to 10°; the retardation amount range of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 138 to 170 nm.

[0202] In some embodiments, the angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 24° to 27°; the angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 88° to 94°.

[0203] In some embodiments, the angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°; the angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 115°; the retardation of the first half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the angle between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 0°; the retardation of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 158 nm.

[0204] In some embodiments, the angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; the angle between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 25°; the retardation of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; the angle between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 90°; the retardation of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 110 nm.

[0205] In some embodiments, the retardation range of the corresponding liquid crystal layer for light in the transmissive region is 241 to 402 nm; the retardation range of the corresponding liquid crystal layer for light in the reflective region is 121 to 201 nm.

[0206] In the display module provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, by performing a combined matching design on the absorption axis directions of the first polarizing film and the second polarizing film in the display module, the slow axis directions of the first half-wave plate and the first quarter-wave plate and their retardations for light with a wavelength of 550 nm, the slow axis directions of the second half-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate and their retardations for light with a wavelength of 550 nm, the retardation of the corresponding liquid crystal layer for light in the transmissive region, and the retardation of the corresponding liquid crystal layer for light in the reflective region, the dispersion effects of each half-wave plate, each quarter-wave plate, and the liquid crystal cell can be reduced, the overall linear-circular polarization state conversion efficiency of the incident light of the transflective display module can be improved, and the light leakage in the dark state can be reduced; thereby improving the reflection and transmission light efficiencies of the transflective display module and achieving the effects of high brightness and high contrast display of the display module.

[0207] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a display device, including the display module in the above embodiments.

[0208] In the display device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, by adopting the display module in the above disclosed embodiments, the reflection and transmission light efficiencies of the display device can be improved, and the brightness and contrast of the display device can be improved.

[0209] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display method for the display device, which includes: light incident from the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate is transmitted through the transmissive area for transmissive display; light incident from the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is reflected by the reflective area for reflective display; the display method further includes: detecting the ambient light brightness; adjusting the display brightness of the transmissive area according to the ambient light brightness; the display brightness of the transmissive area is inversely proportional to the ambient light brightness. The actual adjustment process is as follows: when the ambient light brightness is high, the backlight brightness of the transmissive area is reduced until the backlight source is turned off; when the ambient light brightness is low, the backlight brightness of the transmissive area is increased.

[0210] The display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be any product or component with a display function, such as an LCD panel, an LCD TV, a monitor, a mobile phone, a navigator, etc.

[0211] It can be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principle of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A display module, wherein, Comprising: A first substrate; A second substrate; A liquid crystal layer is formed in the cell gap between the first substrate and the second substrate; The display module further includes a first polarizing film, a first half-wave plate, and a first quarter-wave plate; the first quarter-wave plate, the first half-wave plate, and the first polarizing film are located on the side of the first substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the first substrate; The first substrate includes a transmissive region and a reflective region, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive region is greater than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective region; The transmissive region can allow light incident from the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate to pass through; the reflective region is provided with a metal reflective layer, which can reflect light incident from the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate; The included angle range between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 85° to 105°; The included angle range between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 105° to 125°; The retardation range of the first half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm; The included angle range between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is -20° to 20°; The retardation range of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 136 to 170 nm; The first direction is the direction perpendicular to the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal layer; The display module further includes a second polarizing film, a second half-wave plate, and a second quarter-wave plate; the second quarter-wave plate, the second half-wave plate, and the second polarizing film are located on the side of the second substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the second substrate; The included angle range between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 0° to 10°; The included angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 20° to 30°; The retardation range of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm; The included angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 80° to 100°; The retardation range of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 80 to 115 nm.

2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein, The included angle range between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 90° to 100°; The included angle range between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 110° to 120°; The included angle range between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is -10° to 10°; The retardation range of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 138 to 170 nm.

3. The display module according to claim 2, wherein, The included angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 24° to 27°; The included angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 88° to 94°.

4. The display module according to claim 3, wherein, The retardation range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmissive region for light is 228 to 402 nm; The retardation range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflection region is 101 - 214 nm.

5. The display module according to claim 4, wherein, The retardation range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmission region is 241 - 402 nm; The retardation range of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflection region is 121 - 201 nm.

6. The display module according to claim 5, wherein, The included angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°; The included angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 115°; The retardation of the first half-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 270 nm; The included angle between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 0°; The retardation of the first quarter-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 158 nm.

7. The display module according to claim 6, wherein, The included angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; The included angle between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 25°; The retardation of the second half-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 270 nm; The included angle between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 90°; The retardation of the second quarter-wave plate for 550 nm wavelength light is 110 nm.

8. The display module according to claim 7, wherein It further includes a first alignment film and a second alignment film; The first alignment film is located on the side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; The second alignment film is located on the side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; The first alignment film and the second alignment film are used to make the initial alignment of the liquid crystal layer when no voltage is applied; The alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel and opposite to each other; The first direction is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film.

9. The display module according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, It further includes a scattering film, which is located between the second quarter-wave plate and the second substrate.

10. The display module according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The first substrate includes a plurality of sub-pixel regions, and the plurality of sub-pixel regions are arranged in an array; Each of the sub-pixel regions is divided into the transmission region and the reflection region.

11. The display module according to claim 10, wherein, The first substrate includes a first substrate, a pixel circuit, a planarization layer, a reflection layer, and a pixel electrode; The pixel circuit, the planarization layer, the reflection layer, and the pixel electrode are sequentially stacked on the side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; The orthographic projection of the planarization layer on the first substrate does not overlap with the transmission region; The orthographic projection of the reflection layer on the first substrate does not overlap with the transmission region; The orthographic projection of the pixel electrode on the first substrate covers each of the sub-pixel regions; The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the pixel circuit.

12. The display module according to claim 10, wherein, The first substrate includes a first substrate, a pixel circuit, a planarization layer, a reflection layer, and a pixel electrode; The pixel circuit, the planarization layer, and the reflection layer are sequentially stacked on the side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; The orthographic projection of the planarization layer on the first substrate does not overlap with the transmission region; The orthographic projection of the reflection layer on the first substrate does not overlap with the transmission region; The orthographic projection of the pixel electrode on the first substrate does not overlap with the reflection region; The pixel electrode is lap-connected to the reflection layer; The pixel electrode or the reflective layer is electrically connected to the pixel circuit.

13. The display module according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, The second substrate includes a second base and a common electrode; The common electrode is located on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; The common electrode is a planar electrode, and an orthographic projection of the common electrode on the first substrate at least covers each of the sub-pixel areas.

14. The display module according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, It also includes a backlight module located on the side of the first substrate away from the second substrate, and the orthographic projection of the backlight module on the first substrate is at least located in the transmission area. The backlight module is used to provide backlight for display in the transmission area.

15. The display module according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The first polarizing film includes a first protective layer, a first polarizer and a second protective layer; The first protective layer, the first polarizer and the second protective layer are stacked in sequence; The second polarizing film includes a third protective layer, a second polarizer and a fourth protective layer; The third protective layer, the second polarizer and the fourth protective layer are stacked in sequence; The first polarizing film, the first half-wave plate and the first quarter-wave plate are bonded together by a light-transmitting adhesive; The second polarizing film, the second half-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate are bonded together by a light-transmitting adhesive.

16. The display module according to claim 15, wherein, The first polarizer and the second polarizer are both made of iodine-based or dye-based polyester materials; The first half-wave plate and the second half-wave plate are both made of alkene polymer material; The first quarter wave plate is made of polycarbonate material; The second quarter wave plate is made of alkylene polymer material.

17. A display module, wherein, include: a first substrate; a second substrate; A liquid crystal layer is formed in a cell gap between the first substrate and the second substrate; The liquid crystal layer adopts electrically controlled birefringence liquid crystal; The display module further includes a first polarizing film, a first half-wave plate, and a first quarter-wave plate; the first quarter-wave plate, the first half-wave plate, and the first polarizing film are located on a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the first substrate; The display module further includes a second polarizing film, a second half-wave plate, and a second quarter-wave plate; the second quarter-wave plate, the second half-wave plate, and the second polarizing film are located on a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer and are stacked in sequence away from the second substrate; The first substrate includes a transmissive area and a reflective area, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive area is greater than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective area; The transmission area can transmit light incident from the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate; the reflection area is provided with a metal reflection layer, which can reflect light incident from the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate; The angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is in the range of 85° to 105°; The angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is in the range of 105° to 125°; The retardation range of the first half-wave plate for 550nm wavelength light is 260-280nm; The angle between the slow axis of the first quarter wave plate and the first direction is in the range of -20° to 20°; The retardation range of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 136 to 170 nm; The angle range between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 0° to 10°; The angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 20° to 30°; The retardation range of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 260 to 280 nm; The angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 80° to 100°; The retardation range of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 80 to 115 nm; The retardation range of the corresponding liquid crystal layer for light in the transmission region is 228 to 402 nm; The retardation range of the corresponding liquid crystal layer for light in the reflection region is 101 to 214 nm; The first direction is perpendicular to the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal layer.

18. The display module according to claim 17, wherein, The angle range between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 90° to 100°; The angle range between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 110° to 120°; The angle range between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is -10° to 10°; The retardation range of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 138 to 170 nm.

19. The display module according to claim 18, wherein, The angle range between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 24° to 27°; The angle range between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 88° to 94°; 20. The display module according to claim 19, wherein, The angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing film and the first direction is 95°; The angle between the slow axis of the first half-wave plate and the first direction is 115°; The retardation of the first half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; The angle between the slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 0°; The retardation of the first quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 158 nm.

21. The display module according to claim 20, wherein The angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizing film and the first direction is 5°; The angle between the slow axis of the second half-wave plate and the first direction is 25°; The retardation of the second half-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 270 nm; The angle between the slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the first direction is 90°; The retardation of the second quarter-wave plate for light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 110 nm.

22. The display module according to claim 21, wherein, The retardation range of the corresponding liquid crystal layer for light in the transmission region is 241 to 402 nm; The retardation range of the corresponding liquid crystal layer for light in the reflection region is 121 to 201 nm.

23. A display device, wherein, Including the display module according to any one of claims 1-22.

24. A display method of a display device as described in claim 23, wherein, Including: Light incident from the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate is transmitted through the transmission region for transmission display; Light incident from the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is reflected by the reflection region for reflection display; The display method further includes: Detecting the ambient light brightness; Adjust the display brightness of the transmissive area according to the ambient light brightness; The display brightness of the transmissive area is inversely proportional to the ambient light brightness.

Images