Intelligent landing runway allocation method and system based on traffic data balance analysis

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for intelligently allocating landing runways based on flow data balance analysis. The method comprises: performing flight 4D trajectory prediction; screening available runways that meet operating conditions according to mandatory runway allocation rules; setting runway landing capacity, flight delay threshold, runway balance fixed points, and runway flow balance ratios at fixed points; calculating flight flow at fixed points in the air and on the runway within a statistical unit time based on the flight's estimated landing time and estimated transit time obtained from the flight's 4D trajectory prediction; and performing optimal runway allocation calculations based on a runway flow balance strategy. The present invention utilizes flight plan information and 4D trajectory prediction information, while taking into account mandatory runway allocation rules and flight flow prediction information on each runway, to perform intelligent landing runway allocation based on flow balance analysis, thereby achieving an effective balance between runway flow and controller load, and improving runway time slot resource utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of civil aviation air traffic arrival flow management, and in particular relates to a landing runway intelligent allocation method and system based on flow data balance analysis. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the Arrival Management System (AMAN system) in Europe and China, the two commonly used runway allocation methods include mandatory runway allocation strategies and non-mandatory runway allocation strategies. The mandatory runway allocation strategy includes matching conditions such as aircraft type, parking position, airline, and wake turbulence; the non-mandatory runway allocation strategy includes the earliest landing strategy, the airborne anti-intersection strategy, and the earliest entry strategy. The main purpose of the earliest landing strategy is to reduce the aircraft's airborne flight time; the main purpose of the airborne anti-intersection strategy is to reduce aircraft flight conflicts; and the main purpose of the earliest entry strategy is to enable aircraft to arrive at the parking position as early as possible. The non-mandatory runway allocation strategy is mainly used to further screen multiple runways that meet the mandatory allocation strategy.

[0003] Existing runway allocation methods only consider a single factor, such as reducing flight time in the air, reducing aircraft flight conflicts, or ensuring that aircraft arrive at parking positions as early as possible. When the inbound flight traffic is large, the flight traffic on the runways cannot be properly balanced, resulting in more traffic on some runways and less traffic on others. This makes it difficult to effectively balance the workload of controllers, and the utilization rate of runway slot resources needs to be improved.

[0004] With the rapid development of my country's civil aviation industry and the continuous increase in flight movements, the existing single-runway capacity of many airports has long been unable to support the rapidly growing flight traffic. In recent years, an increasing number of airports have expanded their runways, becoming multi-runway airports. In this multi-runway operation model, how to more efficiently utilize runway slot resources and balance the controller load is a challenge that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for intelligent landing runway allocation based on flow data balance analysis. The present invention utilizes flight plan information and 4D trajectory prediction information, while taking into account mandatory runway allocation rules and flight flow prediction information on each runway, to perform intelligent landing runway allocation based on flow balance analysis, thereby achieving an effective balance between runway flow and controller load, and improving runway time slot resource utilization.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides an intelligent landing runway allocation method based on flow data balance analysis, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) Perform 4D trajectory prediction of the flight to obtain the flight's estimated landing time, and determine whether the system's current time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time. If so, start runway allocation and proceed to step 2); if not, do not start runway allocation for the time being;

[0009] 2) According to the mandatory runway allocation rules, select available runways that meet the operating conditions;

[0010] 3) Set runway landing capacity, flight delay threshold, runway balance fixed point and runway flow balance ratio at the fixed point;

[0011] 4) Calculation of flight traffic forecast at fixed points: Based on the estimated landing time and estimated transit time of the flight predicted by the 4D trajectory of the flight, the flight traffic at fixed points in the air and on the runway within the statistical unit time is calculated;

[0012] 5) Based on the runway flow balancing strategy, the optimal runway allocation is calculated.

[0013] Furthermore, the step 1) specifically includes:

[0014] 11) Flight 4D trajectory prediction: The 4D prediction unit of the arrival management system predicts the flight's 4D flight trajectory based on flight performance parameters, route points, takeoff / landing airports, takeoff / landing airport elevations, requested altitude, cruising altitude, cruising speed, control-instructed altitude, upper winds, and real-time surveillance data correction information. It obtains the flight's predicted landing time and the predicted transit time for each waypoint along the way.

[0015] 12) Determine whether the current system time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time;

[0016] If the current system time is not within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time, runway allocation will not be performed;

[0017] If the current system time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time, proceed to step 2).

[0018] Furthermore, the step 2) specifically includes:

[0019] 21) Screening available runways requires setting mandatory rules for runway allocation. Attributes include arrival airport, approach point, airline, aircraft type, and parking position. When screening available landing runways for a flight, each attribute of the flight is sequentially determined to see if it meets the corresponding attributes in each mandatory rule for the runway. If a flight meets all attributes in a mandatory rule for a runway, the runway is considered an available runway for the flight. If a flight meets all attributes in multiple mandatory rules for a runway, it indicates that the flight has multiple available runways.

[0020] 22) Determine the number of available runways for the flight. When the number of available runways is greater than 1, proceed to step 3). When the number of available runways is equal to 1, the available runway is the landing runway for the flight, and runway allocation is completed. When the number of available runways is equal to 0, it indicates that the landing runway for the flight cannot be automatically allocated, an alarm is issued, and manual intervention is required.

[0021] Furthermore, the step 3) specifically includes:

[0022] 31) Runway Landing Capacity Settings: Set the runway landing capacity at different time periods. The time granularity can be set to 1 hour, 30 minutes, or 15 minutes. Runway landing capacity refers to the number of incoming aircraft that each runway at the airport can accept within a certain period of time. When the landing capacity of a runway is saturated, flights will be preferentially assigned to runways with less saturated landing capacity.

[0023] 32) Flight Delay Threshold Setting: Set a flight delay threshold. When assigning runways, priority will be given to runways with a predicted flight delay value less than the delay threshold. When all runways have predicted flight delay values greater than the delay threshold, the runway with the smallest flight delay threshold will be selected.

[0024] 33) Runway Balance Fixed Point Setting: A runway balance fixed point is a waypoint or runway landing point that corresponds to a runway. The predicted flight flow at the runway balance fixed point represents the control load on each runway within a certain period of time in the future. Based on the flow balance ratio set at the fixed point, the landing runway of the flight is optimized to achieve the purpose of balancing the control load.

[0025] If the fixed point is selected in the terminal / approach control area, the waypoints in the air that correspond one-to-one with the runway, including but not limited to the intermediate approach fix point and the final approach fix point, are selected as the runway flow balance fixed points in the air;

[0026] If the fixed point is selected on the runway, the landing point of the runway is selected as the flow balance fixed point on the runway;

[0027] 34) Runway flow balance ratio setting: According to the setting rules of runway balance fixed points, runways correspond to selected fixed points one by one, and the number of runway balance fixed points is the same as the number of runways; the flow ratio of any two fixed points can be set to: M:N, where M and N are set constants.

[0028] Furthermore, the step 4) is specifically as follows:

[0029] 41) Traffic flow prediction at fixed air points: Traffic flow at fixed air points refers to the flight flow passing through the fixed point within a statistical unit time. The statistical unit time refers to a natural time period. The time granularity can be set to 1 hour, 30 minutes, or 15 minutes. The time granularity of the traffic flow prediction is consistent with the time granularity of the capacity setting to perform capacity-flow balance analysis. Based on the estimated waypoint transit time of the flight calculated by the 4D prediction unit of the arrival management system, the statistical time interval within which the estimated transit time of the flight through the fixed air point falls is determined. The flight is recorded as a flight quantity of the fixed air point within the statistical time interval. The total number of flights with the estimated waypoint transit time (the waypoint here specifically refers to the set fixed air point) within a certain statistical time is the flight flow of the fixed point within the statistical time.

[0030] 42) Traffic flow prediction at runway fixed points: The runway fixed point is selected at the landing point of the runway. The traffic flow at the runway balance fixed point refers to the flight flow landing from the airport within the statistical unit time. According to the estimated landing time of the flight calculated by the 4D prediction unit of the arrival management system, the statistical time interval in which the estimated landing time of the flight falls is determined, and the flight is recorded as a flight volume of the runway fixed point within the statistical time interval. The total number of flights with estimated landing times within a certain statistical time is the flight flow of the runway fixed point within the statistical time.

[0031] Furthermore, the runway flow balancing strategy in step 5) refers to a runway allocation strategy that comprehensively considers three factors: flight delay threshold, runway landing capacity utilization, and runway flow balance ratio, so that the landing flow of each runway can be evenly distributed.

[0032] Furthermore, the step 5) specifically includes:

[0033] 51) Based on the calculated landing time of the flight calculated by the flight sequencing unit in the arrival management system, the flight delay time DELAY on each available runway is calculated; the flight delay time is the difference between the calculated landing time CLDT and the estimated landing time ELDT, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0034] DELAY = CLDT - ELDT;

[0035] 52) Compare the predicted delay time of the flight on each available runway with the flight delay threshold set in step 3). When making the optimal runway allocation, give priority to the available runway whose predicted delay value is less than the flight delay threshold;

[0036] When the flight delay prediction values corresponding to all runways are greater than the flight delay threshold, the available runway with the least flight delay threshold is selected and the runway allocation ends;

[0037] When there is only one available runway with a flight's predicted delay value less than the flight delay threshold, that runway becomes the optimal runway for the flight, and runway allocation ends.

[0038] When the predicted delay value of the flight is less than the flight delay threshold and the number of available runways is greater than 1, proceed to step 53);

[0039] 53) Calculate the landing capacity utilization rate for each available runway. The landing capacity utilization rate refers to the ratio of the predicted landing flight flow to the runway landing capacity. This is used to determine whether the runway's predicted landing flow exceeds the landing capacity. When performing optimal runway allocation, flights are preferentially assigned to available runways that do not exceed the capacity.

[0040] When the flight landing volume of all runways exceeds the corresponding landing capacity, the available runway with the smallest excess capacity rate is selected and the runway allocation ends;

[0041] When the flight landing flow is less than the corresponding landing capacity and there is only one available runway, the available runway becomes the optimal runway for the flight and the runway allocation ends;

[0042] When the flight landing flow is less than the number of available runways corresponding to the landing capacity, the process proceeds to step 54);

[0043] 54) Calculate the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point corresponding to the available runway, and compare the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point with the set runway flow balance ratio;

[0044] When the predicted flight flow ratio at a fixed point is greater than / equal to the set runway flow balance ratio, the flight is allocated to the available runway corresponding to the denominator of the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point, and the runway allocation is terminated;

[0045] When the predicted flight flow ratio at a fixed point is less than the set runway flow balance ratio, the flight is allocated to the available runway corresponding to the numerator of the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point, and the runway allocation is ended.

[0046] The present invention also provides a landing runway intelligent allocation system based on flow data balance analysis, comprising:

[0047] Flight 4D prediction module, used to predict flight 4D trajectory and obtain the flight's estimated landing time and estimated transit time;

[0048] The runway allocation start judgment module is used to determine whether the current system time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time;

[0049] Available runway screening module, used to screen available runways that meet the operating conditions according to mandatory runway allocation rules;

[0050] Parameter setting module, used to set runway landing capacity, flight delay threshold, runway balance fixed point and runway flow balance ratio at the fixed point;

[0051] A flight flow calculation module is used to calculate the flight flow at fixed points in the air and on the runway within a statistical unit time based on the estimated landing time and estimated transit time of the flight predicted by the 4D trajectory of the flight;

[0052] The optimal runway allocation calculation module performs optimal runway allocation calculation based on the runway flow balancing strategy.

[0053] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0054] The present invention selects available runways for incoming flights based on mandatory runway allocation rules, ensuring that the allocated available runway set meets actual operational requirements. Then, based on the available runway set, the invention comprehensively considers factors such as flight delay threshold, runway landing capacity utilization, and runway flow balance ratio to optimize the allocation of landing runways for incoming flights. Ultimately, while minimizing flight delays and runway overcapacity, it achieves balanced runway flow distribution, effectively balancing the workload of controllers and improving the utilization of runway time slot resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 Assign an overall flow chart to the runway.

[0056] Figure 2 Calculation flow chart for runway flow balancing strategy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and drawings. The contents mentioned in the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent landing runway allocation method based on flow data balance analysis, and the steps are as follows:

[0059] 1) Perform flight 4D trajectory prediction to obtain the flight estimated landing time (ELDT), and determine whether the system's current time is within the VSP (time parameter, unit: minutes) time range before the flight's estimated landing time. If so, start runway allocation and proceed to step 2); if not, do not start runway allocation for the time being; specifically, including:

[0060] 11) Flight 4D trajectory prediction: The 4D prediction unit of the arrival management system predicts the flight's 4D flight trajectory based on flight performance parameters, waypoints, takeoff / landing airports, takeoff / landing airport elevations, requested altitude, cruising altitude, cruising speed, control-instructed altitude, upper winds, and real-time surveillance data correction information. It obtains the flight's estimated landing time (ELDT) and the estimated time over fix (ETO) for each waypoint along the way.

[0061] 12) Determine whether the current system time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time;

[0062] If the current system time is not within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time, runway allocation will not be performed;

[0063] If the current system time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time, proceed to step 2).

[0064] 2) According to the mandatory runway allocation rules, select available runways that meet the operating conditions; specifically,

[0065] 21) Screening available runways requires setting mandatory rules for runway allocation. Attributes include arrival airport, approach point, airline, aircraft type, and parking position. When screening available landing runways for a flight, each attribute of the flight is sequentially determined to see if it meets the corresponding attributes in each mandatory rule for the runway. If a flight meets all attributes in a mandatory rule for a runway, the runway is considered an available runway for the flight. If a flight meets all attributes in multiple mandatory rules for a runway, it indicates that the flight has multiple available runways.

[0066] 22) Determine the number of available runways for the flight. When the number of available runways is greater than 1, proceed to step 3). When the number of available runways is equal to 1, the available runway is the landing runway for the flight, and runway allocation is completed. When the number of available runways is equal to 0, it indicates that the landing runway for the flight cannot be automatically allocated, an alarm is issued, and manual intervention is required.

[0067] 3) Set runway landing capacity, flight delay threshold, runway balance fixed points, and runway flow balance ratio at fixed points; specifically, include:

[0068] 31) Runway Landing Capacity Settings: Set the runway landing capacity at different time periods. The time granularity can be set to 1 hour, 30 minutes, or 15 minutes. Runway landing capacity refers to the number of incoming aircraft that each runway at the airport can accept within a certain period of time. When the landing capacity of a runway is saturated, flights will be preferentially assigned to runways with less saturated landing capacity.

[0069] 32) Flight Delay Threshold Setting: Set a flight delay threshold. When assigning runways, priority will be given to runways with a predicted flight delay value less than the delay threshold. When all runways have predicted flight delay values greater than the delay threshold, the runway with the smallest flight delay threshold will be selected.

[0070] 33) Runway Balance Fixed Point Setting: A runway balance fixed point is a waypoint or runway landing point that corresponds to a runway. The predicted flight flow at the runway balance fixed point represents the control load on each runway within a certain period of time in the future. Based on the flow balance ratio set at the fixed point, the landing runway of the flight is optimized to achieve the purpose of balancing the control load.

[0071] If the fixed point is selected in the terminal / approach control area, the waypoints in the air that correspond one-to-one with the runway, including but not limited to the intermediate approach fix point and the final approach fix point, are selected as the runway flow balance fixed points in the air;

[0072] If the fixed point is selected on the runway, the landing point of the runway is selected as the flow balance fixed point on the runway;

[0073] 34) Runway flow balance ratio setting: According to the setting rules of runway balance fixed points, runways correspond to selected fixed points one by one, and the number of runway balance fixed points is the same as the number of runways; the flow ratio of any two fixed points can be set to: M:N, where M and N are set constants.

[0074] 4) Fixed-point traffic forecast calculation: Based on the flight's estimated landing time and estimated transit time obtained from the flight's 4D trajectory prediction, the flight traffic at fixed points in the air and on the runway within the statistical unit time is calculated; specifically:

[0075] 41) Traffic flow prediction at fixed air points: Traffic flow at fixed air points refers to the flight flow passing through the fixed point within a statistical unit time. The statistical unit time refers to a natural time period. The time granularity can be set to 1 hour, 30 minutes, or 15 minutes (for example, if the time granularity is 30 minutes, then the corresponding two statistical unit time periods in a day are 9:00-9:30 and 9:30-10:00). The time granularity of the traffic flow prediction is consistent with the time granularity of the capacity setting to perform capacity-flow balance analysis; based on the estimated waypoint transit time of the flight calculated by the 4D prediction unit of the arrival management system (the waypoint here is the fixed air point), the statistical time interval within which the estimated transit time of the flight through the fixed air point falls is determined, and the flight is recorded as a flight quantity of the fixed air point within the statistical time interval. The total number of flights within a certain statistical time with the estimated waypoint transit time (the waypoint here specifically refers to the set fixed air point) is the flight flow of the fixed point within the statistical time;

[0076] 42) Traffic flow prediction at runway fixed points: The runway fixed point is selected at the landing point of the runway. The traffic flow at the runway balance fixed point refers to the flight flow landing from the airport within the statistical unit time. According to the estimated landing time of the flight calculated by the 4D prediction unit of the arrival management system, the statistical time interval in which the estimated landing time of the flight falls is determined, and the flight is recorded as a flight volume of the runway fixed point within the statistical time interval. The total number of flights with estimated landing times within a certain statistical time is the flight flow of the runway fixed point within the statistical time.

[0077] 5) Calculate the optimal runway allocation based on the runway flow balancing strategy;

[0078] The runway flow balancing strategy in step 5) refers to a runway allocation strategy that comprehensively considers three factors: flight delay threshold, runway landing capacity utilization, and runway flow balance ratio, so that the landing flow of each runway can be evenly distributed.

[0079] Specifically include:

[0080] 51) Based on the flight calculated landing time (CLDT) calculated by the flight sequencing unit in the arrival management system, the flight delay time (DELAY) on each available runway is calculated; the flight delay time is the difference between the flight calculated landing time (CLDT) and the flight estimated landing time (ELDT), and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0081] DELAY = CLDT - ELDT;

[0082] 52) Compare the predicted delay time of the flight on each available runway with the flight delay threshold set in step 3). When making the optimal runway allocation, give priority to the available runway whose predicted delay value is less than the flight delay threshold;

[0083] When the flight delay prediction values corresponding to all runways are greater than the flight delay threshold, the available runway with the least flight delay threshold is selected and the runway allocation ends;

[0084] When there is only one available runway with a flight's predicted delay value less than the flight delay threshold, that runway becomes the optimal runway for the flight, and runway allocation ends.

[0085] When the predicted delay value of the flight is less than the flight delay threshold and the number of available runways is greater than 1, proceed to step 53);

[0086] 53) Calculate the landing capacity utilization rate for each available runway. The landing capacity utilization rate refers to the ratio of the predicted landing flight flow to the runway landing capacity. It is used to determine whether the predicted landing flow exceeds the runway landing capacity. When performing optimal runway allocation, flights are preferentially assigned to available runways that do not exceed the capacity (the predicted landing flight flow is less than or equal to the runway landing capacity).

[0087] When the flight landing volume of all runways exceeds the corresponding landing capacity, the available runway with the smallest excess capacity rate is selected and the runway allocation ends;

[0088] When the flight landing flow is less than the corresponding landing capacity and there is only one available runway, the available runway becomes the optimal runway for the flight and the runway allocation ends;

[0089] When the flight landing flow is less than the number of available runways corresponding to the landing capacity, the process proceeds to step 54);

[0090] 54) Calculate the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point corresponding to the available runway, and compare the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point with the set runway flow balance ratio;

[0091] When the predicted flight flow ratio at a fixed point is greater than / equal to the set runway flow balance ratio, the flight is allocated to the available runway corresponding to the denominator of the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point, and the runway allocation is terminated;

[0092] When the predicted flight flow ratio at a fixed point is less than the set runway flow balance ratio, the flight is allocated to the available runway corresponding to the numerator of the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point, and the runway allocation is ended.

[0093] In addition, the present invention also provides a landing runway intelligent allocation system based on flow data balance analysis, comprising:

[0094] Flight 4D prediction module, used to predict flight 4D trajectory and obtain the flight's estimated landing time and estimated transit time;

[0095] The runway allocation start judgment module is used to determine whether the current system time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time;

[0096] Available runway screening module, used to screen available runways that meet the operating conditions according to mandatory runway allocation rules;

[0097] Parameter setting module, used to set runway landing capacity, flight delay threshold, runway balance fixed point and runway flow balance ratio at the fixed point;

[0098] A flight flow calculation module is used to calculate the flight flow at fixed points in the air and on the runway within a statistical unit time based on the estimated landing time and estimated transit time of the flight predicted by the 4D trajectory of the flight;

[0099] The optimal runway allocation calculation module performs optimal runway allocation calculation based on the runway flow balancing strategy.

[0100] The present invention has many specific application paths. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligently allocating landing runways based on flow data balance analysis, characterized in that: Here are the steps: 1) Perform 4D trajectory prediction of the flight to obtain the flight's estimated landing time, and determine whether the system's current time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time. If so, start runway allocation and proceed to step 2); if not, do not start runway allocation for the time being; 2) According to the mandatory runway allocation rules, select available runways that meet the operating conditions; 3) Set runway landing capacity, flight delay threshold, runway balance fixed point and runway flow balance ratio at the fixed point; 4) Calculating the flight flow at fixed points in the air and on the runway within a statistical unit time based on the flight's estimated landing time and estimated transit time obtained from the flight's 4D trajectory prediction; 5) Calculate the optimal runway allocation based on the runway flow balancing strategy; The step 5) specifically includes: 51) Based on the calculated landing time of the flight calculated by the flight sequencing unit in the arrival management system, the flight delay time DELAY on each available runway is calculated; the flight delay time is the difference between the calculated landing time CLDT and the estimated landing time ELDT, and the calculation formula is as follows: DELAY = CLDT - ELDT; 52) Compare the predicted delay time of the flight on each available runway with the flight delay threshold set in step 3). When making the optimal runway allocation, give priority to the available runway whose predicted delay value is less than the flight delay threshold; When the flight delay prediction values corresponding to all runways are greater than the flight delay threshold, the available runway with the least flight delay threshold is selected and the runway allocation ends; When there is only one available runway with a flight's predicted delay value less than the flight delay threshold, that runway becomes the optimal runway for the flight, and runway allocation ends. When the predicted delay value of the flight is less than the flight delay threshold and the number of available runways is greater than 1, proceed to step 53); 53) Calculate the landing capacity utilization rate for each available runway. The landing capacity utilization rate refers to the ratio of the predicted landing flight flow to the runway landing capacity. This is used to determine whether the runway's predicted landing flow exceeds the landing capacity. When performing optimal runway allocation, flights are preferentially assigned to available runways that do not exceed the capacity. When the flight landing volume of all runways exceeds the corresponding landing capacity, the available runway with the smallest excess capacity rate is selected and the runway allocation ends; When the flight landing flow is less than the corresponding landing capacity and there is only one available runway, the available runway becomes the optimal runway for the flight and the runway allocation ends; When the flight landing flow is less than the number of available runways corresponding to the landing capacity, the process proceeds to step 54); 54) Calculate the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point corresponding to the available runway, and compare the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point with the set runway flow balance ratio; When the predicted flight flow ratio at a fixed point is greater than / equal to the set runway flow balance ratio, the flight is allocated to the available runway corresponding to the denominator of the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point, and the runway allocation is terminated; When the predicted flight flow ratio at a fixed point is less than the set runway flow balance ratio, the flight is allocated to the available runway corresponding to the numerator of the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point, and the runway allocation is ended.

2. The method for intelligently allocating landing runways based on flow data balance analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 1) specifically includes: 11) Flight 4D trajectory prediction: The 4D prediction unit of the arrival management system predicts the flight's 4D flight trajectory based on flight performance parameters, route points, takeoff / landing airports, takeoff / landing airport elevations, requested altitude, cruising altitude, cruising speed, control-instructed altitude, upper winds, and real-time surveillance data correction information. It obtains the flight's predicted landing time and the predicted transit time for each waypoint along the way. 12) Determine whether the current system time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time; If the current system time is not within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time, runway allocation will not be performed; If the current system time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time, proceed to step 2).

3. The method for intelligently allocating landing runways based on flow data balance analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2) specifically includes: 21) Screening available runways requires setting mandatory rules for runway allocation. Attributes include arrival airport, approach point, airline, aircraft type, and parking position. When screening available landing runways for a flight, each attribute of the flight is sequentially determined to see if it meets the corresponding attributes in each mandatory rule for the runway. If a flight meets all attributes in a mandatory rule for a runway, the runway is considered an available runway for the flight. If a flight meets all attributes in multiple mandatory rules for a runway, it indicates that the flight has multiple available runways. 22) Determine the number of available runways for the flight. When the number of available runways is greater than 1, proceed to step 3). When the number of available runways is equal to 1, the available runway is the landing runway for the flight, and runway allocation is completed. When the number of available runways is equal to 0, it indicates that the landing runway for the flight cannot be automatically allocated, an alarm is issued, and manual intervention is required.

4. The method for intelligently allocating landing runways based on flow data balance analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 3) specifically includes: 31) Runway Landing Capacity Settings: Set the runway landing capacity at different time periods. The time granularity can be set to 1 hour, 30 minutes, or 15 minutes. Runway landing capacity refers to the number of incoming aircraft that each runway at the airport can accept within a certain period of time. When the landing capacity of a runway is saturated, flights will be preferentially assigned to runways with less saturated landing capacity. 32) Flight Delay Threshold Setting: Set a flight delay threshold. When assigning runways, priority will be given to runways with a predicted flight delay value less than the delay threshold. When all runways have predicted flight delay values greater than the delay threshold, the runway with the smallest flight delay threshold will be selected. 33) Runway Balance Fixed Point Setting: A runway balance fixed point is a waypoint or runway landing point that corresponds to a runway. The predicted flight flow at the runway balance fixed point represents the control load on each runway within a certain period of time in the future. Based on the flow balance ratio set at the fixed point, the landing runway of the flight is optimized to achieve the purpose of balancing the control load. If the fixed point is selected in the terminal / approach control area, the waypoints in the air that correspond one-to-one with the runway, including but not limited to the intermediate approach fix point and the final approach fix point, are selected as the runway flow balance fixed points in the air; If the fixed point is selected on the runway, the landing point of the runway is selected as the flow balance fixed point on the runway; 34) Runway flow balance ratio setting: According to the setting rules of runway balance fixed points, runways correspond to selected fixed points one by one, and the number of runway balance fixed points is the same as the number of runways; the flow ratio of any two fixed points can be set to: M:N, where M and N are set constants.

5. The method for intelligently allocating landing runways based on flow data balance analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 4) is specifically as follows: 41) Traffic flow prediction for fixed air points: Traffic flow at fixed air points refers to the number of flights passing through the fixed air point within a statistical unit time. The statistical unit time refers to a natural time period, and the time granularity can be set to 1 hour, 30 minutes, or 15 minutes. The time granularity of the traffic flow prediction is consistent with the time granularity of the capacity setting to perform capacity-flow balance analysis. Based on the estimated time of a flight passing through the waypoint calculated by the 4D prediction unit of the port arrival management system, the statistical time interval within which the estimated time of the flight passing through the fixed air point is determined, and the flight is recorded as a flight volume of the fixed air point within the statistical time interval. The total number of flights with the estimated time of passing through the waypoint within a statistical time interval is the flight flow of the fixed air point within the statistical time interval. 42) Traffic flow prediction at runway fixed points: The runway fixed point is selected at the landing point of the runway. The traffic flow at the runway balance fixed point refers to the flight flow landing from the airport within the statistical unit time. According to the estimated landing time of the flight calculated by the 4D prediction unit of the arrival management system, the statistical time interval in which the estimated landing time of the flight falls is determined, and the flight is recorded as a flight volume of the runway fixed point within the statistical time interval. The total number of flights with estimated landing times within a certain statistical time is the flight flow of the runway fixed point within the statistical time.

6. The method for intelligently allocating landing runways based on flow data balance analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The runway flow balancing strategy in step 5) refers to a runway allocation strategy that comprehensively considers three factors: flight delay threshold, runway landing capacity utilization, and runway flow balance ratio, so that the landing flow of each runway can be evenly distributed.

7. An intelligent landing runway allocation system based on flow data balance analysis, characterized in that: include: Flight 4D prediction module, used to predict flight 4D trajectory and obtain the flight's estimated landing time and estimated transit time; The runway allocation start judgment module is used to determine whether the current system time is within the VSP time range before the flight's estimated landing time; Available runway screening module, used to screen available runways that meet the operating conditions according to mandatory runway allocation rules; Parameter setting module, used to set runway landing capacity, flight delay threshold, runway balance fixed point and runway flow balance ratio at the fixed point; A flight flow calculation module is used to calculate the flight flow at fixed points in the air and on the runway within a statistical unit time based on the estimated landing time and estimated transit time of the flight predicted by the 4D trajectory of the flight; The optimal runway allocation calculation module performs optimal runway allocation calculation based on the runway flow balancing strategy; specifically includes: 51) Based on the calculated landing time of the flight calculated by the flight sequencing unit in the arrival management system, the flight delay time DELAY on each available runway is calculated; the flight delay time is the difference between the calculated landing time CLDT and the estimated landing time ELDT, and the calculation formula is as follows: DELAY = CLDT - ELDT; 52) Compare the predicted delay time of the flight on each available runway with the flight delay threshold set in step 3). When making the optimal runway allocation, give priority to the available runway whose predicted delay value is less than the flight delay threshold; When the flight delay prediction values corresponding to all runways are greater than the flight delay threshold, the available runway with the least flight delay threshold is selected and the runway allocation ends; When there is only one available runway with a flight's predicted delay value less than the flight delay threshold, that runway becomes the optimal runway for the flight, and runway allocation ends. When the predicted delay value of the flight is less than the flight delay threshold and the number of available runways is greater than 1, proceed to step 53); 53) Calculate the landing capacity utilization rate for each available runway. The landing capacity utilization rate refers to the ratio of the predicted landing flight flow to the runway landing capacity. This is used to determine whether the runway's predicted landing flow exceeds the landing capacity. When performing optimal runway allocation, flights are preferentially assigned to available runways that do not exceed the capacity. When the flight landing volume of all runways exceeds the corresponding landing capacity, the available runway with the smallest excess capacity rate is selected and the runway allocation ends; When the flight landing flow is less than the corresponding landing capacity and there is only one available runway, the available runway becomes the optimal runway for the flight and the runway allocation ends; When the flight landing flow is less than the number of available runways corresponding to the landing capacity, the process proceeds to step 54); 54) Calculate the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point corresponding to the available runway, and compare the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point with the set runway flow balance ratio; When the predicted flight flow ratio at a fixed point is greater than / equal to the set runway flow balance ratio, the flight is allocated to the available runway corresponding to the denominator of the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point, and the runway allocation is terminated; When the predicted flight flow ratio at a fixed point is less than the set runway flow balance ratio, the flight is allocated to the available runway corresponding to the numerator of the predicted flight flow ratio at the fixed point, and the runway allocation is ended.

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