A magnetic coupling mechanism, energy transmitting end and wireless charging system

Abstract

The application provides a magnetic coupling mechanism, an energy transmitting end and a wireless charging system. The magnetic coupling mechanism comprises: a plurality of magnetic teeth arranged in a row, at least one pair of adjacent two magnetic teeth are arranged at intervals, each magnetic tooth comprises two magnetic cores, the two magnetic cores of at least one magnetic tooth are arranged at intervals, each magnetic core comprises a pole shoe, a pole body and a pole yoke, and the pole shoe and the pole yoke are connected to the opposite ends of the pole body; and a power supply cable is wound outside the two pole bodies of the magnetic tooth to form a primary coil for transmitting energy to a secondary coil, and the pole shoe is located on the side of the primary coil facing the secondary coil. The application modularly designs the magnetic teeth, so that the magnetic teeth can be spatially decoupled, thereby reducing the implementation difficulty of the magnetic coupling mechanism in the whole production and processing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless charging technology, and more specifically, to a magnetic coupling mechanism, an energy transmitter, and a wireless charging system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing prominence of global energy and environmental issues, electric vehicles, with their advantages of zero emissions, low noise, and high energy efficiency, have received widespread attention from all sectors of society. Related research, production, and sales have gradually increased, and countries around the world have also formulated timetables for banning the sale of gasoline-powered vehicles. To address the problems of large onboard battery size, charging anxiety, and range anxiety associated with electric vehicles, dynamic wireless charging systems (DWCS) have emerged.

[0003] DWCS (Dynamic Water Supply Control System) comprises an energy transmitter and an energy receiver. The energy transmitter, laid on the road surface, includes a transmitter control device and a magnetic coupling mechanism. The transmitter control device provides high-frequency AC power to the magnetic coupling mechanism, which is buried beneath the road surface and includes magnetic teeth and power cables. The power cables are wound around the magnetic teeth to form a primary coil (i.e., the transmitting coil) for transmitting electrical energy. The energy receiver is located on the electric vehicle and includes a receiver control device and a secondary coil (i.e., the receiving coil). The secondary coil is typically mounted on the vehicle chassis and receives the electrical energy transmitted by the primary coil. The receiver control device modulates (e.g., rectifies) this electrical energy before supplying it to the motor or onboard battery. By integrating the energy transmitter with public utilities, it can continuously provide energy to the energy receiver of a moving electric vehicle in a contactless manner, enabling convenient and intelligent charging of electric vehicles. This method can significantly reduce battery pack capacity, extend the driving range of electric vehicles, and make recharging much faster.

[0004] Magnetic coupling mechanisms typically include multiple magnetic teeth arranged in a row along the road surface. Power cables are wound around these teeth to form multiple primary coils. The secondary coil of a moving electric vehicle interacts sequentially with these primary coils, enabling charging while driving. In related technologies, adjacent magnetic teeth in the magnetic coupling mechanism are spatially connected into a single structure (coupling) using magnetically conductive materials such as yokes. This results in a relatively long overall structure, posing significant challenges in processing, transportation, storage, and landfilling, reducing production efficiency and hindering the implementation of magnetic coupling mechanisms. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a magnetic coupling mechanism, an energy transmitter, and a wireless charging system. By modularizing the magnetic teeth, spatial decoupling can be achieved between the magnetic teeth, thereby reducing the implementation difficulty of the magnetic coupling mechanism in the entire production and processing flow.

[0006] In a first aspect, a magnetic coupling mechanism is provided, comprising: a plurality of magnetic teeth arranged in a row, at least one pair of adjacent magnetic teeth spaced apart, each magnetic tooth including two magnetic cores, at least one magnetic tooth having two magnetic cores spaced apart, each magnetic core including a pole shoe, a pole body, and a pole yoke, the pole shoe and the pole yoke being connected to opposite ends of the pole body; and a power supply cable wound around the outside of the two pole bodies of the magnetic teeth to form a primary coil for transmitting energy to a secondary coil, the pole shoe being located on the side of the primary coil facing the secondary coil.

[0007] According to the magnetic coupling mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application, at least one pair of adjacent magnetic teeth are spaced apart from each other, so that the magnetic coupling mechanism can be divided into multiple parts. These multiple parts are independent of each other and do not contact (connect) each other, thereby realizing the modular (unitized) design of the magnetic coupling mechanism. These multiple parts can be spatially decoupled from each other, and each part can be processed, transported, stored and landfilled separately without having to operate the magnetic coupling mechanism as a whole. This reduces the implementation difficulty of the magnetic coupling mechanism in the above-mentioned stages, improves production efficiency, and is conducive to the promotion and implementation of the magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0008] In existing magnetic coupling mechanisms, adjacent magnetic teeth are typically physically connected via a yoke. Practical engineering experience shows that an air gap (typically 1-2 mm) is unavoidable at the connection point during manufacturing, especially during long-distance installations. This inevitably leads to a clearance, reducing the self-inductance of the primary side and the mutual inductance of the secondary side, thus affecting system performance. The impact of this air gap on the performance parameters of the magnetic coupling mechanism is exponential, with a significant effect within the millimeter range and a smaller effect beyond the millimeter scale. The magnetic coupling mechanism provided in this application artificially disconnects at least one pair of adjacent magnetic teeth (i.e., disconnects the yoke of the magnetic coupling mechanism), thereby improving the installation consistency of the magnetic coupling mechanism (reducing the requirements for installation accuracy) by artificially creating an air gap. Improved installation consistency leads to improved performance of the magnetic coupling mechanism, thus compensating for the performance loss caused by the air gap.

[0009] For example, after at least one pair of adjacent magnetic teeth in a magnetic coupling mechanism are physically disconnected, the mutual inductance and coupling coefficient will decrease by 20-30% compared to an existing magnetic coupling mechanism with the teeth not disconnected. However, due to the improved installation consistency, more precise resonant compensation network matching can be performed, greatly reducing the system reactance and compensating for this performance loss, so that the overall performance of the magnetic coupling mechanism is not compromised. On the other hand, the physical disconnection of at least one pair of adjacent magnetic teeth reduces construction difficulty, facilitates installation by workers, saves on the amount of magnetic conductive material, reduces production costs, and reduces the weight of the magnetic coupling mechanism. This facilitates processing, transportation, and landfill operations, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0010] Simulation results show that the magnetic induction intensity is low in the central part of the magnetic tooth, and the absence of magnetic conductive material in this area has little impact on the performance parameters of the magnetic coupling mechanism. Therefore, the magnetic tooth provided in this embodiment includes two magnetic cores, with at least one magnetic tooth having two independent and spaced-apart cores. That is, the two cores of at least one magnetic tooth are disconnected (not connected), thereby further saving the amount of magnetic conductive material, reducing production costs, and decreasing the weight of the magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0011] According to the magnetic coupling mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application, the magnetic core also includes pole shoes located above the pole body. Calculation results show that by setting pole shoes, the single-turn mutual inductance and coupling coefficient of the primary and secondary coils can be increased, thereby obtaining greater secondary output power. In other words, this application improves the power transmission efficiency of the magnetic coupling mechanism by setting pole shoes.

[0012] In one possible design, any two adjacent magnetic teeth are spaced apart, and the two magnetic cores of each magnetic tooth are also spaced apart.

[0013] Through the above settings, the "module minimization" of the magnetic coupling mechanism can be achieved. In this configuration, any two adjacent magnetic teeth of the magnetic coupling mechanism are independent and do not contact (connect). Each magnetic tooth can be processed, transported, stored, and buried separately, thereby further reducing the implementation difficulty of the magnetic coupling mechanism in the aforementioned stages, improving production efficiency, and facilitating the promotion and implementation of the magnetic coupling mechanism. Furthermore, the magnetic coupling mechanism provided in this application embodiment physically disconnects any two adjacent magnetic teeth (i.e., disconnects the pole yoke of the magnetic coupling mechanism), thereby further improving the installation consistency and performance of the magnetic coupling mechanism. In the embodiments of this application, the two magnetic cores of each magnetic tooth are independent and spaced apart; that is, the two magnetic cores of each tooth are disconnected (not connected), thereby further saving the amount of magnetic conductive material, reducing production costs, and reducing the weight of the magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0014] In one possible design, the pole shoe, the pole body, and the pole yoke are all flat plate structures, with the pole shoe and the pole yoke of the same magnetic core being parallel to each other, and the pole body being vertically disposed between the pole shoe and the pole yoke.

[0015] The above setup facilitates the burial and positioning of the magnetic teeth. During the pre-burial process, a trench with a horizontal bottom surface can be dug in the road surface. The pole yoke can then be placed against the bottom of the trench to ensure the magnetic core is vertically buried within it. At this point, both the pole shoes and the pole yoke are parallel to the road surface, and the pole body is perpendicular to the road surface. The magnetic field direction of the primary coil on the pole body will be perpendicular to the road surface, thereby increasing the coupling coefficient between the primary and secondary coils and improving the energy transfer efficiency of the magnetic coupling structure.

[0016] In addition, the above settings can ensure that the magnetic field directions of the pole shoes and the primary coil are perpendicular to each other, thereby enabling the pole shoes to have a sufficient effective area coefficient, maximizing the magnetic field strength and improving the energy transmission efficiency of the magnetic coupling structure.

[0017] Alternatively, to provide better support and protection for the magnetic teeth, the skeleton and shell can be made of non-conductive and non-magnetic materials such as bakelite, fiberglass, ceramics, or hard plastics, which have sufficient mechanical strength, thereby improving the structural stability of the magnetic teeth.

[0018] In one possible design, the magnetic core has an overall "I"-shaped structure, and the pole body is arranged along the arrangement direction of the plurality of magnetic teeth.

[0019] In one possible design, the magnetic core is in the shape of a "C", the pole body is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of magnetic teeth, and the openings of the two "C" shapes of each magnetic tooth are opposite to each other.

[0020] In one possible design, the area of ​​the pole shoe is smaller than the area of ​​the pole yoke.

[0021] The above design helps to save on the amount of magnetic conductive material, reduce production costs, and decrease the weight of the magnetic coupling mechanism. Furthermore, it facilitates winding operations for processing personnel, and the larger area of ​​the pole yoke compared to the pole shoe helps to stably and firmly embed the magnetic core under the road surface, preventing it from tilting.

[0022] In one possible design, the center distance between two adjacent magnetic teeth is 400 to 800 mm.

[0023] Since the height of the secondary coil above the ground and the burial depth of the primary coil in mobile devices are usually within a fixed range, that is, the air gap magnetoresistance between the energy transmitter and the energy receiver... The value is within a relatively fixed range. Based on this, in the embodiments of this application, the center distance between two adjacent magnetic teeth ranges from 400 to 800 millimeters (mm). Through the above settings, the magnetic field distribution can be made more reasonable, combined with the aforementioned known range of air gap magnetoresistance. This is beneficial for improving the mutual inductance and coupling coefficient of the primary and secondary coils, thereby enabling the magnetic coupling mechanism provided in this application embodiment to have higher power transmission efficiency.

[0024] Optionally, the center distance between two adjacent magnetic teeth can be in the range of 550~650mm, for example, 580, 590, 600, 610, 620, 630mm, etc.

[0025] In one possible design, the spacing between two adjacent magnetic teeth is 0.1t to 0.3t, where t is the center distance between the two adjacent magnetic teeth. This design significantly reduces the amount of magnetic material used, lowers production costs, and ensures the power and efficiency of wireless power transmission.

[0026] In one possible design, the spacing between the two magnetic cores of each magnetic tooth is 0.1t to 0.3t, where t is the center distance between two adjacent magnetic teeth. This configuration significantly reduces the amount of magnetic material used, lowers production costs, and ensures the power and efficiency of wireless power transmission.

[0027] In one possible design, the power supply cable is wound around the magnetic teeth in a wave-like or overlapping manner.

[0028] In one possible design, the magnetic field directions of the primary coils on two adjacent magnetic teeth are opposite.

[0029] In one possible design, each of the magnetic cores is made into a single structure using a molding process.

[0030] Alternatively, the integral molding process can be a sintering process. For example, the magnetic core described above can be formed by sintering ferrite powder through a powder metallurgy process.

[0031] In one possible design, the magnetic teeth are made of at least one of ferrite material, iron-based nanocrystalline magnetic material, amorphous magnetic material, or silicon steel sheet.

[0032] In one possible design, the power supply cable is a Litz wire, a single-core wire, a multi-core wire, a copper busbar, or a copper conduit.

[0033] In one possible design, the magnetic coupling mechanism is embedded under the road surface along the direction of road extension.

[0034] Secondly, this application also provides an energy transmitter, which includes a transmitter control device and a magnetic coupling mechanism provided by any of the possible designs in the first aspect, wherein the transmitter control device is used to provide high-frequency AC power to the magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0035] Optionally, the transmitter control device includes a rectifier, a high-frequency inverter, and a resonant compensation network connected in sequence.

[0036] Optionally, a magnetic coupling mechanism is used to wirelessly and dynamically charge the mobile device. This magnetic coupling mechanism can be embedded beneath the road surface along the path the mobile device travels, allowing the device to charge while moving. The transmitter control device can be located either beneath or on the road surface; this application does not limit its location.

[0037] Optionally, the energy emitter may include one or more magnetic coupling structures, and the on / off state of each magnetic coupling structure can be controlled by a control switch.

[0038] The energy transmitter provided in this application embodiment can wirelessly power high-power mobile devices such as rail transit, trolleybuses, airport shuttle buses, and amusement park sightseeing vehicles. It can also wirelessly power low-power mobile devices such as automated guided vehicles (AGVs), cleaning robots, line inspection robots, automated guided transport vehicles, and intelligent robots (e.g., sorting robots). Furthermore, it can wirelessly power mobile devices used in special environments such as wells, mines, underwater, workshops, and warehouses.

[0039] Optionally, the energy transmitter provided in this application embodiment can also be used to wirelessly charge objects that are subject to static wireless power transmission or dynamic-static compatible charging; this application does not limit this.

[0040] Thirdly, this application also provides a wireless charging system, which includes an energy transmitter and an energy receiver. The energy transmitter includes a magnetic coupling mechanism provided by any possible design in the first aspect, and the magnetic coupling mechanism is used to transmit energy to the energy receiver.

[0041] Optionally, the energy transmitter includes a transmitter control device and a magnetic coupling mechanism. The energy receiver is mounted on a mobile device and includes a secondary coil and a receiver control device.

[0042] The transmitting end control device converts the electrical energy provided by the road power supply into high-frequency alternating current (AC), and supplies this AC to the primary coil of the magnetic coupling mechanism. Under the influence of the AC, the primary coil generates a high-frequency magnetic field, which is used to couple the secondary coil of the energy receiving end to generate an induced current and charge the vehicle battery.

[0043] Optionally, the mobile device is an electric vehicle, and the secondary coil is mounted on the chassis of the electric vehicle, enabling magnetic coupling with a magnetic coupling mechanism located under the road surface.

[0044] Optionally, the road power source can be from the power grid or from any power generation device such as solar or wind power. For example, the road power source can be from solar photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines installed along the roadside.

[0045] Alternatively, the vehicle battery can be a lithium iron phosphate battery or a ternary lithium battery.

[0046] Optionally, the wireless charging system provided in this application embodiment may also include the mobile device. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dynamic wireless power supply scenario is shown.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationships in a centralized dynamic wireless power supply system.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationships in a discrete dynamic wireless power supply system.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a long coil type magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a coil array type magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a bipolar narrow-rail magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0053] Figure 7 This is a top view of a bipolar narrow-rail magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an example of the magnetic coupling mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A top view of the magnetic coupling mechanism shown;

[0056] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 The front view of the magnetic coupling mechanism shown;

[0057] Figure 11 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the central magnetic tooth;

[0058] Figure 12 yes Figure 8The schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit model of the magnetic coupling mechanism is shown.

[0059] Figure 13 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the dimensional relationships of the various parts of the central magnetic tooth;

[0060] Figure 14 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the two magnetic teeth;

[0061] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the magnetic coupling mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the magnetic coupling mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the central magnetic tooth;

[0064] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the magnetic coupling mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0065] Figure 19 This is a structural block diagram of the energy transmitter provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 20 This is a structural block diagram of the wireless charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0067] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the wireless charging system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0068] Figure reference numerals: p0, p1, p2, p3, primary coil; v, secondary coil;

[0069] 10. Rectifier; 20. High-frequency inverter; 30. Primary-side module; 31. Primary-side coil; 32. Resonant compensation network; 33. Magnetic teeth; 34. High-frequency cable; 35. Pole yoke; 40. Secondary-side coil;

[0070] 100. Magnetic coupling mechanism; 110. Magnetic teeth; 110a. Magnetic core; 111. Pole shoe; 112. Pole body; 113. Pole yoke; 114. Primary coil; 120. Power supply cable;

[0071] 200. Transmitter control device; 210. Rectifier; 220. High-frequency inverter; 230. Resonant compensation network;

[0072] 300, Road power supply; 400, Secondary coil; 500, Receiver control device; 600, Vehicle battery;

[0073] 1000, Energy transmitter; 2000, Energy receiver; 3000, Electric vehicle; 3100, Charging lane; 3200, Conventional lane; 3300, Gantry; 3400, Position detection device; 3500, Communication base station. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0075] In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. It should be noted that the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone.

[0076] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between the components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "side", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the installation orientation or positional relationship, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0078] It should also be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same component or part. For the same part in the embodiments of this application, the reference numerals may only be used to mark one part or component as an example. It should be understood that the reference numerals are also applicable to other identical parts or components.

[0079] With the increasing energy shortage and environmental pollution in modern society, electric vehicles (EVs), as a new energy vehicle, have received widespread attention. An electric vehicle is a vehicle powered by an onboard power source, using an electric motor to drive its wheels, and meeting all road traffic and safety regulations. Methods for charging EV batteries typically include wired charging and wireless charging. Wired charging uses the metal contact between the charging gun (plug) and the charging station (socket) to conduct electricity, while wireless charging uses coupled electromagnetic fields to transfer electrical energy. Compared to wired charging, wireless charging offers advantages such as ease of use, no sparks or electric shock hazards, no mechanical wear, adaptability to various harsh environments and weather conditions, and ease of unmanned automatic and mobile charging, potentially becoming the mainstream charging method for electric vehicles in the future.

[0080] With the deepening research on wireless charging technology, static wireless charging technology and dynamic wireless power supply technology have been developed. Static wireless charging involves parking the car above the transmitter of the magnetic coupling mechanism (wireless energy transmission transmitter) and charging is performed through the receiver of the magnetic coupling mechanism (wireless energy transmission receiver) and the power conversion device.

[0081] To reduce the weight of batteries in electric vehicles and completely solve the problems of charging anxiety and range anxiety, the concept of dynamic wireless charging was proposed. Dynamic wireless charging technology originates from magnetic coupling resonant wireless power transmission technology. It refers to laying energy transmitters under the road and using the principle of electromagnetic conversion to convert electrical energy into a high-frequency magnetic field. The energy receiver and power conversion device then convert the high-frequency magnetic field back into electrical energy to charge electric vehicles while they are in motion.

[0082] Applying dynamic wireless charging technology to mobile devices such as vehicles allows for real-time charging while the vehicle is in motion. A dynamic wireless charging system (DWCS) consists of an energy transmitter and an energy receiver. The energy transmitter is installed under the road surface (inside), and the energy receiver is installed on the vehicle. The two interact (magnetic coupling) to power the electric vehicle while it is in motion.

[0083] The energy transmitter includes a transmitter control unit and a magnetic coupling mechanism (i.e., an electrical energy transmitter). The transmitter control unit provides high-frequency AC power to the electrical energy transmitter, and the magnetic coupling mechanism generates a high-frequency magnetic field. The transmitter control units can be placed at intervals, either above or below ground. The magnetic coupling mechanism is typically buried under the road surface and arranged along the direction of vehicle travel. The magnetic coupling mechanism mainly consists of a transmitting wire and a magnetic core. The transmitting wire is wound around the magnetic core to form a primary coil (i.e., a transmitting coil).

[0084] The energy receiving end includes a receiving control device and an energy receiving device. The energy receiving device typically includes a secondary coil (i.e., the receiving coil) and a magnetic core. The plane where the secondary coil is located is usually parallel to the road surface. The secondary coil is used to generate electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. The receiving control device is used to modulate (e.g., rectify) this electrical energy before sending it to the motor or battery. Generally, the closer the primary coil and the secondary coil are, the better. The closer the distance, the lower the leakage flux, the higher the coupling coefficient, and the higher the energy transmission efficiency, which means more energy saving.

[0085] The magnetic coupling mechanism for wireless power supply provided in this application embodiment is mainly applied to dynamic wireless power supply scenarios for mobile devices, such as kilowatt-level high-power mobile devices, such as electric vehicles or rail transit.

[0086] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating a dynamic wireless power supply scenario is shown. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a car equipped with an energy receiver travels on a road where wireless charging is possible. A magnetic coupling mechanism is pre-embedded beneath the road surface, comprising multiple primary coils sequentially embedded along the road's extension. A secondary coil v on the car's chassis is positioned within the high-frequency magnetic field generated by the primary coils of the magnetic coupling mechanism, generating electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. This energy is collected and used to charge the car, meaning the car is charged while moving. During the car's journey, the secondary coil v is located at different positions, interacting sequentially with the primary coils in different magnetic coupling mechanisms, thus enabling the car to charge while driving.

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown in part a, multiple primary coils, including the primary coil p0, are not energized. In this state, the primary coil p0 does not generate a high-frequency magnetic field, and the secondary coil v on the car chassis cannot couple with the primary coil p0. In other words, the magnetic coupling mechanism is not charging the car. For example, the control device at the energy transmitter may detect that the car's battery has a large remaining charge and does not require charging, thus controlling the primary coils to remain inactive.

[0088] like Figure 1As shown in section b, the control device at the energy transmitter supplies power to the primary coil p1, thereby powering the car above the primary coil p1. Specifically, the control device uses sensors or cameras to detect the real-time position of the car. Based on the car's real-time position, the control device controls the corresponding primary coil (i.e., the one opposite the secondary coil v) to operate, while keeping other coils inactive. For example, when the car moves above the primary coil p1 in the diagram, it can control the primary coil p1 to operate to generate a high-frequency magnetic field, while keeping other coils inactive. The secondary coil v on the car chassis couples with the primary coil p1, thus saving energy while charging the car.

[0089] like Figure 1 As shown in section c, the control device at the energy transmitter can also control two adjacent primary coils p2 and P3 to operate simultaneously, thereby supplying power to the car above the primary coils p2 and P3. Specifically, the control device controls the operation of the corresponding two primary coils based on the real-time position of the car, while keeping other coils inactive. For example, when the car moves above the primary coils p2 and P3 in the diagram, it can control the primary coils p2 and P3 to operate to generate a high-frequency magnetic field, while keeping other coils inactive. The secondary coil v on the car chassis couples simultaneously with the primary coils p2 and P3, thus saving energy while charging the car.

[0090] Simultaneously controlling two adjacent primary coils to operate allows the car to charge even when it is driving between them, improving charging efficiency. The magnetic fields generated by these two adjacent primary coils are in the same direction, for example, both towards the road surface or both towards the ground.

[0091] The energy transmitter (ground component) of the dynamic wireless charging system includes a transmitter control device and a magnetic coupling mechanism. The transmitter control device comprises a ground inverter, a compensation topology, and a power supply system connecting the aforementioned modules. The power supply system for the ground component is mainly divided into lumped and discrete types. The main difference is that the lumped type uses a single or single set of inverters to power the entire magnetic coupling mechanism and compensation topology; while the discrete type uses a single or single set of inverters to power a corresponding single set of magnetic coupling mechanisms and compensation topology. These two power supply systems will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0092] 1. Centralized dynamic wireless power supply system.

[0093] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationships in a centralized dynamic wireless power supply system. For example... Figure 2As shown, the lumped distribution topology uses a single or single-group inverter source for excitation, and each group of primary-side modules 30, namely primary-side coils 31 (primary-side magnetic coupling mechanism) and resonant compensation networks 32, are sequentially extended in series to form a lumped dynamic wireless power supply ground system. The primary-side modules 30 are sequentially laid on the ground section, and the secondary-side coils are coupled to a corresponding group or several adjacent groups of primary-side coils 31 for energy transmission.

[0094] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, alternating current (AC) from the power grid is rectified and filtered by rectifier 10 and then converted into direct current (DC). The DC is then fed to a high-frequency inverter 20, where it is converted into high-frequency alternating current (AC). This AC is then sequentially fed to multiple primary-side modules 30 connected in series. Each primary-side module 30 includes a primary-side coil 31 and a resonant compensation network 32. The resonant compensation network 32 filters out harmonics in the high-frequency AC for resonance compensation. The primary-side coil 31 generates a high-frequency magnetic field under the influence of the AC. This magnetic field is used to couple to the secondary-side coils of mobile devices such as electric vehicles, generating induced current and charging the battery.

[0095] 2. Discrete dynamic wireless power supply system.

[0096] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationships in a discrete dynamic wireless power supply system. For example... Figure 3 As shown, discrete power distribution topologies, such as parallel and two-stage coupling types, employ multiple groups of grouped harmonic primary-side modules 30 connected to their independent inverter sources. These modules are directly connected in parallel to the DC bus or, via a transformer, coupled in parallel to the AC bus, forming a discrete dynamic wireless power supply system. The primary-side modules 30 are sequentially laid out on the ground, and the secondary-side coils are coupled to one or more corresponding groups of primary-side coils for energy transfer.

[0097] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, compared to the aforementioned centralized power supply system, Figure 3 In the discrete power supply system shown, multiple primary-side modules 30 are connected in parallel, and each primary-side module 30 is equipped with a high-frequency inverter 20. The AC power from the grid is rectified and filtered by the rectifier 10 and converted into DC power, which is then simultaneously transmitted to the high-frequency inverter 20 corresponding to each primary-side module 30. Under the action of the high-frequency inverter 20, the DC power is converted into high-frequency AC power, which is then passed to the resonant compensation network 32 and the primary-side coil 31.

[0098] Existing dynamic wireless charging systems consist of a magnetic coupling mechanism and a power supply system that powers the magnetic coupling mechanism. The lumped and discrete power supply systems have been described previously. This application's embodiments mainly involve structural improvements to the magnetic coupling mechanism. Existing types of magnetic coupling mechanisms for dynamic wireless power supply mainly include long coil type, coil array (multiple small coils) type, and bipolar narrow rail type. These three technologies are briefly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0099] (1) Long coil type magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0100] The long coil type magnetic coupling mechanism evolved from the coupling mechanism of the static wireless charging system. In terms of coil structure, the long coil type is simply an elongated planar spiral coil. Generally, to save system costs and reduce the number of power conversion devices, the length of the coil is made as large as possible while meeting the system's energy efficiency requirements, typically ranging from tens of meters. Each section of the coil is powered by a set of high-frequency inverter power supplies.

[0101] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a long coil type magnetic coupling mechanism. (Example) Figure 4 As shown, the primary coil 31 is a long coil type, with an overall rectangular shape. The long side of this rectangle is set along the extension direction of the road surface. The magnetic field lines of the primary coil 31 extend to both sides of the coil and are perpendicular to the extension direction of the coil. Therefore, the magnetic field generated by the long coil type magnetic coupling mechanism is also called a "transverse magnetic field". The secondary coil 40 of the mobile device is along... Figure 4 When traveling in direction a, which is the direction of road extension, the secondary coil 40 is usually parallel to the road surface (primary coil 31) and is close to the primary coil 31. The magnetic field generated by the secondary coil 40 and the primary coil 31 is coupled to generate an induced current, which can then charge the battery of the mobile device.

[0102] The advantage of long-coil magnetic coupling mechanisms is their simple principle. The magnetic field strength generated by the coupling mechanism is relatively stable, and the energy transmission stability is high, thus requiring less sophisticated system control strategies.

[0103] The disadvantages of long-coil magnetic coupling mechanisms include low efficiency, as the transmitting current flows through a long coil regardless of the vehicle's position, resulting in low power density, weak anti-displacement capability, and poor electromagnetic compatibility. Furthermore, the marginal benefits of long-coil magnetic coupling mechanisms diminish rapidly due to the need for single-turn or multi-turn reciprocating winding of a single conductor as the dynamic wireless power supply segment lengthens, significantly increasing construction difficulty. During the entire charging process, the entire conductor participates in power supply, resulting in a low coupling coefficient and posing safety risks such as insulation issues. The participation of the entire conductor in power supply also leads to losses along the entire primary circuit throughout the process, resulting in substantial losses and poor economic efficiency. In conclusion, long-coil magnetic coupling mechanisms are unfavorable for engineering implementation.

[0104] (2) Coil array type magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0105] A coil array type magnetic coupling mechanism is formed by arranging discrete transmitting coils for static wireless charging continuously or at intervals along the vehicle's direction of travel. The power conversion device can power one or a group of coils. The secondary coil can typically cover multiple primary coils to ensure continuous energy transmission. When the secondary coil is located above one or a group of primary coils, that primary coil or group of primary coils is turned on, while the other coils are in a dormant or standby state.

[0106] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a coil array type magnetic coupling mechanism. (Example) Figure 5 As shown, the magnetic coupling mechanism includes multiple primary coils 31 arranged in parallel. The power conversion device can control the operating state of these primary coils 31 individually, controlling one or a group of them to operate while controlling the other coils to remain inactive. For example, the secondary coil 40 of the mobile device... Figure 5 When the device travels in the direction of 'a', which is the direction of road extension, when the secondary coil 40 moves above the middle primary coil 31, the power conversion device controls the middle primary coil 31 to work to generate a high-frequency magnetic field (and controls the other coils to not work). The secondary coil 40 couples with the high-frequency magnetic field to generate an induced current, which can then charge the battery of the mobile device.

[0107] The advantages of coil array magnetic coupling mechanisms are their simple structure. In most single-coil-to-single-coil positions and their vicinity, they can be equivalent to multiple static wireless power supply operating points with short durations. Standard coils for static wireless charging can be directly applied and are compatible. This saves time and costs associated with design, testing, and manufacturing.

[0108] The disadvantages of coil array-type magnetic coupling mechanisms include high power consumption and complex control. Because each coil needs individual control for switching on and off, higher demands are placed on the system control strategy and circuit topology. This requires both rapid vehicle identification and precise positioning, as well as short control response and current settling time. Furthermore, while coils designed for static charging offer high transmission power and efficiency at the standard position, these decrease along the direction of travel and after lateral movement. To meet certain lateral movement requirements, the transmitting coil needs to be wider, increasing the actual cost. In summary, it also presents significant challenges in terms of economics and engineering feasibility.

[0109] (3) Bipolar narrow guide rail magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0110] A bipolar narrow-rail magnetic coupling mechanism refers to a mechanism where the polarities of two adjacent primary coils are opposite in real time, and the magnetic field lines above the primary coils extend along the coil laying direction (e.g., Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the magnetic field distribution generated by the bipolar narrow-rail magnetic coupling mechanism can be called the "longitudinal magnetic field".

[0111] The bipolar transmitting coil, after encapsulation, is relatively narrow, thus it can be called a transmitting rail. The rail segments can be cascaded to form a power supply rail assembly powered by a single power source. This type of transmitting rail can achieve high-power, high-efficiency energy transmission within a width of approximately ten centimeters. It boasts high power density and allows for lightweight, modular design. Compared to the aforementioned long coil and coil array type magnetic coupling mechanisms, the bipolar narrow rail magnetic coupling mechanism has lower cost, and due to its small lateral dimensions, it occupies less road space and causes less road damage during installation, significantly reducing installation and maintenance difficulty.

[0112] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a bipolar narrow-rail magnetic coupling mechanism. Figure 6 As shown, multiple I-shaped magnetic teeth 33 are arranged sequentially along the road surface extension direction, and high-frequency cables 34 are wound around each magnetic tooth 33 to form multiple primary coils 31. The winding direction of the cables on two adjacent magnetic teeth 33 is opposite, so that the polarities of two adjacent primary coils 31 are opposite in real time. Through the above arrangement, the magnetic field lines above the primary coils 31 are further extended along the coil laying direction (i.e., the road surface extension direction). Magnetic field lines emitted from one of the primary coils 31 can return to the two adjacent coils. The secondary coil 40 of the mobile device is along... Figure 6 It travels in the direction of a and is coupled sequentially with the high-frequency magnetic field generated by multiple primary coils 31.

[0113] Compared to the aforementioned long coil and coil array structures, the bipolar narrow-rail magnetic coupling mechanism has a stronger resistance to lateral displacement. Figure 7 This is a top view of a bipolar narrow-rail magnetic coupling mechanism. Figure 7 In the middle section, the solid line showing the secondary coil 40 indicates that the mobile device is in normal operation. At this time, the secondary coil 40 covers the primary coil 31, and the primary coil 31 is located in the middle of the projection of the secondary coil 40.

[0114] like Figure 7 As shown, the two dashed lines on the left and right represent the maximum offsets relative to the solid line in the middle, namely s1 and s2. The width of the secondary coil 40 is d1, and the width of the primary coil 31 is d2. It is easy to calculate that the allowable total offset is s1+s2=d1-d2, and the offset on one side is (s1+s2) / 2=(d1-d2) / 2. d1 can accommodate vehicle installation widths of 500~2000mm, and the value of d2 is usually only about 100mm. This gives the bipolar narrow guide rail magnetic coupling mechanism a strong anti-lateral displacement capability.

[0115] Here, the anti-lateral displacement capability refers to the maximum distance by which the secondary coil 40 deviates from the axis of the transmitting guide rail in the direction perpendicular to the vehicle's forward movement. As long as the primary coil 31 is within the projection of the secondary coil 40, stable and efficient power output can be achieved. Compared with the aforementioned long coil and coil array structures, the anti-lateral displacement capability of the bipolar narrow guide rail magnetic coupling mechanism is improved by 20%-30%, demonstrating better application performance.

[0116] like Figure 6 As shown, for the existing wireless electromagnetic coupling mechanism, two adjacent magnetic teeth 33 are connected in space to form an integrated structure (coupling) through the pole yoke 35 and the high-frequency cable 34. This results in a relatively long overall magnetic coupling mechanism, which poses significant operational difficulties in the processing, transportation, storage, and construction of the magnetic coupling mechanism, and is not conducive to the implementation of the magnetic coupling mechanism.

[0117] This application primarily relates to structural improvements of the magnetic coupling mechanism at the ground end of a dynamic wireless charging system. Specifically, it focuses on improving the magnetic tooth structure of the aforementioned bipolar narrow-rail magnetic coupling mechanism. To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a magnetic coupling mechanism, an energy transmitter, and a wireless charging system. By modularizing the magnetic teeth, spatial decoupling can be achieved between adjacent magnetic teeth, reducing the implementation difficulty of the magnetic coupling mechanism in the entire manufacturing process.

[0118] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a magnetic coupling mechanism 100, which can be used to wirelessly charge mobile devices such as electric vehicles. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The top view of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 shown. Figure 10 yes Figure 8The front view of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 shown. Figure 11 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the central magnetic tooth. (See diagram below.) Figures 8-11 As shown, the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment includes a plurality of magnetic teeth 110 and a power supply cable 120.

[0119] In this configuration, multiple magnetic teeth 110 are arranged in a row along a certain direction (e.g., the direction of road surface extension). Any two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 are spaced apart, such that the multiple magnetic teeth 110 are independent of each other and do not contact each other. Each magnetic tooth 110 includes two magnetic cores 110a arranged side-by-side and spaced apart, the two magnetic cores 110a being independent of each other and not in contact. Each magnetic core 110a includes a pole shoe 111, a pole body 112, and a pole yoke 113, wherein the pole shoe 111 and the pole yoke 113 are connected to opposite ends of the pole body 112. That is, the pole shoe 111 and the pole yoke 113 are arranged opposite each other, and the pole body 112 is connected between the pole shoe 111 and the pole yoke 113.

[0120] Power supply cables 120 are wound around the plurality of magnetic teeth 110 to form a plurality of primary coils 114. Specifically, for each magnetic tooth 110, power supply cables 120 are wound around the outside of the two pole bodies 112 of the magnetic tooth 110 to form a primary coil 114 for transmitting energy to the secondary coil v of a mobile device (e.g., an electric vehicle).

[0121] The primary coil 114 is also called the transmitting coil, and the secondary coil v is also called the receiving coil. Under the action of high-frequency alternating current, the primary coil 114 can generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, and the secondary coil v located in the high-frequency alternating magnetic field generates an induced current, thereby realizing the transmission of electrical energy.

[0122] like Figures 8-11 As shown, pole shoe 111 is located on the side of primary coil 114 facing secondary coil v, and pole yoke 113 is located on the side of primary coil 114 away from secondary coil v. Part of the magnetic field lines generated by primary coil 114 will pass through pole shoe 111 and be directed towards secondary coil v. In other words, as... Figure 8 As shown, the secondary coil v is located above the primary coil 114, the pole body 112 is vertically arranged, the pole shoe 111 is located on the upper side of the pole body 112, and the pole yoke 113 is located on the lower side of the pole body 112.

[0123] The magnetic teeth 110 are made of magnetically conductive material (ferromagnetic material). The power supply cable 120 is wound around the magnetic teeth 110 to form the primary coil 114. The magnetic teeth 110 are equivalent to the magnetic core of the electromagnetic coil, which can significantly increase the magnetic field strength. Among them, the pole shoes 111 are the main coupling area of ​​the magnetic field, and the pole bodies 112 are used to wrap the power supply cable 120.

[0124] Optionally, the magnetic material can be a ferrite material, such as a manganese-zinc ferrite or nickel-zinc ferrite core material.

[0125] According to the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in the embodiments of this application, any two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 are spaced apart from each other, so that the multiple magnetic teeth 110 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 are independent of each other and do not contact (connect) each other, thereby realizing the modular (unitized) design of the magnetic teeth 110. Any two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 can be spatially decoupled, and each magnetic tooth 110 can be processed, transported, stored and buried separately without having to operate the multiple magnetic teeth 110 as a whole. This reduces the implementation difficulty of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 in the above-mentioned stages, improves production efficiency, and is conducive to the promotion and implementation of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100.

[0126] In existing magnetic coupling mechanisms, adjacent magnetic teeth are typically physically connected by a yoke. Practical engineering experience shows that an air gap (typically 1-2 mm) is unavoidable at the connection point of the two yokes during manufacturing. This gap is particularly problematic during long-distance installations, inevitably leading to clearances that reduce the self-inductance of the primary side and the mutual inductance of the secondary side, thus affecting system performance. The impact of this air gap on the performance parameters of the magnetic coupling mechanism is exponential, with a significant impact on the millimeter scale and a smaller impact beyond the millimeter scale. The magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this application artificially disconnects two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 (i.e., disconnects the yoke 113 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100), thereby creating an air gap to improve the installation consistency of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 (reducing the requirements for installation accuracy). Improved installation consistency enhances the performance of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100, thus compensating for the performance loss caused by the air gap.

[0127] For example, after the physical disconnection of two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 in the magnetic coupling mechanism 100, the mutual inductance and coupling coefficient will decrease by 20-30% compared to the existing undisconnected magnetic coupling mechanism. However, due to the improved installation consistency, higher precision resonant compensation network matching can be performed, greatly reducing the system reactance and compensating for this performance loss, so that the overall performance of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 is not compromised. On the other hand, the physical disconnection of adjacent magnetic teeth 110 reduces construction difficulty, facilitates installation by workers, saves on the amount of magnetic conductive material, reduces production costs, and reduces the weight of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100. This facilitates processing, transportation, and landfill operations, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0128] Simulation results show that the magnetic induction intensity is low in the central part of the magnetic tooth 110, and the absence of magnetic conductive material in this area has little impact on the performance parameters of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100. Therefore, the magnetic tooth 110 provided in this embodiment includes two independent and spaced-apart magnetic cores 110a, meaning the two magnetic cores 110a are disconnected (not connected), thereby further saving the amount of magnetic conductive material, reducing production costs, and reducing the weight of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100.

[0129] Optionally, in other embodiments, at least one pair of adjacent magnetic teeth 110 arranged in a row are spaced apart. That is, adjacent magnetic teeth 110 may or may not be separated, as long as at least one pair is disconnected. In other words, the multiple magnetic teeth 110 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 do not need to be completely disconnected from each other; for example, some adjacent magnetic teeth 110 can be connected. In this case, the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 can be divided into multiple parts, each part being disconnected from each other, and each part may include one or more magnetic teeth 110. When each part includes multiple magnetic teeth 110, these multiple magnetic teeth 110 can be connected sequentially. Through the above arrangement, the aforementioned technical problems can also be solved, and the effects of convenient processing, transportation, landfilling, etc., and improved production efficiency can be achieved.

[0130] Here, N sequentially arranged magnetic teeth 110 can form N-1 adjacent pairs, wherein at least one pair of adjacent magnetic teeth 110 are spaced apart from each other and are physically disconnected. N can be an integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0131] For example, each part may include two connected magnetic teeth 110, and the parts are physically separated from each other.

[0132] Optionally, in other embodiments, each magnetic tooth 110 includes two magnetic cores 110a, and the two magnetic cores 110a of at least one magnetic tooth 110 are spaced apart. That is, for multiple magnetic teeth 110 arranged in a row, the two magnetic cores 110a of each tooth need not be completely disconnected, and the two magnetic cores 110a of some teeth 110 can be connected. In other words, the two magnetic cores 110a of one or more magnetic teeth 110 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 can be connected to each other as a whole, and ensuring that the two magnetic cores 110a of at least one magnetic tooth 110 are spaced apart (physically disconnected and not connected) can achieve the aforementioned technical effects of saving the amount of magnetic conductive material and reducing production costs.

[0133] For example, the two magnetic cores 110a of a partial magnetic tooth 110 can be connected. In this case, the two magnetic cores 110a can be connected by the pole shoe 111 and / or the pole yoke 113. That is to say, the pole shoe 111 and / or the pole yoke 113 of the two magnetic cores 110a can be connected into a whole.

[0134] According to the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in the embodiments of this application, the magnetic core 110a further includes a pole shoe 111 located above the pole body 112. Calculation results show that by setting the pole shoe 111, the single-turn mutual inductance and coupling coefficient of the primary coil 114 and the secondary coil v can be increased, thereby obtaining a larger secondary output power. In other words, this application improves the power transmission efficiency of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 by setting the pole shoe 111. The principle demonstration (explanation) is given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0135] A preliminary magnetic circuit analysis was performed on the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this application. In this embodiment, two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 generate opposite magnetic fluxes (the magnetic fields generated by two adjacent primary coils 114 are in opposite directions), that is, there are two magnetic fluxes with a phase difference of 90° within one cycle. The analysis was performed on two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 and their corresponding energy receiving terminals within one cycle.

[0136] Figure 12 yes Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit model of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 is shown. Figure 12 middle, It is the air gap reluctance between the energy transmitting end and the energy receiving end (i.e., the primary coil 114 and the secondary coil v). It is the air gap magnetoresistance between the two pole shoes 111 at the transmitting end. It is the magnetic reluctance inside the magnetic core of the receiving end. , , These are the internal magnetic reluctances of the pole shoe 111, pole body 112, and pole yoke 113 at the transmitting end. It is the ampere-turns of the transmitter excitation. It is the main magnetic flux. It is leakage flux. It is the total magnetic flux generated by the excitation at the transmitting end. It is the air gap magnetoresistive force between the transmitter pole yoke 113.

[0137] The main magnetic flux can be obtained as follows:

[0138]

[0139] Main flux The larger the value, the stronger the coupling performance between the primary and secondary coils, the greater the mutual inductance, and the stronger the system's transmission capability. From the above formula, it can be seen that this can be addressed by reducing... , , , , , Increase To increase the main magnetic flux. Magnetic reluctance can be increased through... Calculation, where It is the effective length of the conductor. It is the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor. It is the magnetic permeability of the conductor material. Due to the magnetic permeability of the magnetic core... When the ratio of length to effective area is not significantly different, that is, in the air... With the magnetic core When they are close, , , , , The main magnetic flux can be simplified to .

[0140] Mutual inductance can be represented as follows:

[0141]

[0142] in It refers to the number of turns at the receiving end. It is the effective area factor, which depends on the structure and size design of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100. and These are the width and length of the polar shoe 111 at the transmitting end. For transmission distance, This is the distance between magnetic cores 110a.

[0143] The power transmission capability of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 is mainly assessed by observing its mutual inductance or coupling coefficient characteristics. Based on the secondary-side output power expression:

[0144]

[0145] in It is the output power of the receiving end. It is the induced voltage of the receiving coil. It is the equivalent output resistance of the receiving end. It is the system operating frequency. It is the primary current. It is the self-inductance of the transmitting coil. It is the self-inductance of the transmitting coil. It is the coupling coefficient.

[0146] Based on the above formula, it can be concluded that increasing the area of ​​the pole piece 111 can effectively increase... and This increases the single-turn mutual inductance and coupling coefficient of the primary coil 114 and the secondary coil v. Therefore, the presence of the pole shoe 111 is necessary for the magnetic coupling mechanism 100, and under the same primary excitation current, a larger pole shoe 111 can achieve a larger single-turn mutual inductance and coupling coefficient, thereby obtaining a larger secondary output power. In other words, this application significantly improves the power transmission efficiency of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 by setting the pole shoe 111.

[0147] The structural details of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in the embodiments of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 8-11 As shown, the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment includes a plurality of spaced magnetic teeth 110. These magnetic teeth 110 are independent of each other and arranged in a row. A power supply cable 120 is wound around each magnetic tooth 110, so that a primary coil 114 is formed on each magnetic tooth 110. In this way, mobile devices such as electric vehicles can travel along the arrangement direction of the magnetic teeth 110, so that the secondary coil v set on the mobile device (e.g., set on the chassis) can interact with the plurality of primary coils 114 in sequence, thereby realizing dynamic wireless charging of the mobile device.

[0148] Optionally, the structures of the plurality of magnetic teeth 110 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 may be the same or different. The distance between two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 may be the same or different, and this application does not limit this.

[0149] Optionally, the structures of the two magnetic cores 110a of each magnetic tooth 110 can be the same or different, and the distance between the two magnetic cores 110a of different magnetic teeth 110 can be the same or different. This application does not limit this.

[0150] like Figures 8-11 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the magnetic teeth 110 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 have the same structure, and the two magnetic cores 110a of each magnetic tooth 110 also have the same structure.

[0151] Specifically, for each magnetic core 110a, the pole shoe 111, pole body 112, and pole yoke 113 are all flat plate structures. The pole shoe 111 and pole yoke 113 of the same magnetic core 110a are parallel to each other, and the pole body 112 is vertically arranged between the pole shoe 111 and pole yoke 113.

[0152] The above setup facilitates the burial and positioning of the magnetic tooth 110. During the pre-burial operation, a trench with a horizontal bottom surface can be dug in the road surface first. Then, the pole yoke 113 can be attached to the bottom surface of the trench to ensure that the magnetic core 110a is vertically buried within the trench. At this time, both the pole shoe 111 and the pole yoke 113 are parallel to the road surface, and the pole body 112 is perpendicular to the road surface. The magnetic field direction of the primary coil 114 on the pole body 112 will be perpendicular to the road surface, thereby increasing the coupling coefficient between the primary coil 114 and the secondary coil v, and improving the energy transmission efficiency of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100.

[0153] In addition, the above settings can also ensure that the magnetic field directions of the pole shoe 111 and the primary coil 114 are perpendicular to each other, so that the pole shoe 111 has a sufficient effective area coefficient, enabling the pole shoe 111 to enhance the magnetic field strength to the maximum extent and improve the energy transmission efficiency of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100.

[0154] Alternatively, in order to provide better support and protection for the magnetic teeth 110, the magnetic teeth 110 can be made of non-conductive and non-magnetic materials with sufficient mechanical strength, such as bakelite, fiberglass, ceramics or hard plastics, thereby improving the structural stability of the magnetic teeth 110.

[0155] like Figures 8-11 As shown in this embodiment, the magnetic core 110a has an overall "I"-shaped structure, and the pole body 112 is arranged along the arrangement direction of the plurality of magnetic teeth 110. For example, the extension direction of the pole body 112 is parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of magnetic teeth 110.

[0156] At this time, each magnetic tooth 110 is composed of a pair of I-shaped magnetic cores 110a. Each I-shaped magnetic core 110a contains a pole shoe 111, a pole body 112, and a pole yoke 113. The flat pole shoes 111, the vertical pole body 112, and the flat pole yoke 113 are tightly connected at the joint surface to form an I-shaped structure. Two I-shaped structures constitute a double I-shaped magnetic tooth 110. The power supply cable 120 is wound around multiple of the above-mentioned magnetic teeth 110 in sequence to form a set of wireless power transmission magnetic coupling mechanism transmitter, which constitutes the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0157] Furthermore, the pole shoe 111, pole body 112, and pole yoke 113 are all rectangular flat plate structures. The pole shoe 111 and pole yoke 113 are parallel to each other, and the pole body 112 is vertically arranged between the pole shoe 111 and pole yoke 113. The pole body 112 is arranged along the direction parallel to the arrangement of the multiple magnetic teeth 110.

[0158] like Figure 11As shown, for each magnetic tooth 110, the two magnetic cores 110a have inner sides close to each other and outer sides far from each other. The inner sides of each magnetic core 110a are kept flush, that is, the inner end faces of the pole shoe 111, pole body 112, and pole yoke 113 of the magnetic core 110a are kept flush. The outer end faces of the pole shoe 111 and pole body 112 are kept flush, and the pole yoke 113 extends out of the outer end face. That is, the pole yoke 113 is closer to the other adjacent magnetic tooth 110 than the other parts, and the pole yokes 113 of the two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 are disconnected from each other, thus making the two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 independent of each other.

[0159] Figure 13 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the dimensional relationships of the various parts of the middle magnetic tooth 110. Figure 14 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the two magnetic teeth 110. This embodiment of the application also optimizes the design of the relevant dimensions of the magnetic teeth 110, thereby enabling the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment to have higher power transmission efficiency.

[0160] Specifically, such as Figure 14 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the center distance (i.e., pole distance) between two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 is... The value range is 400~800 mm.

[0161] Here, the center distance between two magnetic teeth 110 is the distance between the centers of the two magnetic teeth 110. Since the multiple magnetic teeth 110 have identical shapes, and the two magnetic cores 110a of each magnetic tooth 110 are identical in shape and size, and are arranged side-by-side and symmetrically, the center of each magnetic tooth 110 is located at the midpoint of the line connecting the two magnetic cores 110a. Therefore, the center distance... .in, The distance between two magnetic cores 110a of the same magnetic tooth 110; The distance between the pole yokes 113 of two adjacent magnetic teeth 110; The length of the polar yoke 113.

[0162] Since the height of the secondary coil v above the ground and the burial depth of the primary coil 114 in a mobile device are usually within a fixed range, that is, the air gap magnetoresistance between the energy transmitter and the energy receiver... The value is within a relatively fixed range. Based on this, the center distance between two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 in this embodiment is... The value ranges from 400 to 800 millimeters (mm). By setting these parameters, the magnetic field distribution can be made more reasonable, combined with the previously known range of air gap magnetoresistance. This is beneficial to improving the mutual inductance and coupling coefficient of the primary and secondary coils, thereby enabling the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this application embodiment to have higher power transmission efficiency.

[0163] Optionally, the center distance between two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 The value range is 550~650mm, for example, it can be 580, 590, 600, 610, 620, 630mm, etc.

[0164] Furthermore, such as Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown in the figure, simulation calculations reveal the following optimal dimensions for other parts of the magnetic tooth 110 in the 20~100kW power range:

[0165] The length of the extreme boot 111 for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , for example, the length of pole shoe 111 The value can be 50~200mm, with 100mm being the preferred value.

[0166] The length of the extreme body is 112. for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , as an example, is the length of the pole body 112. The value can be 50~200mm, with 100mm being the preferred value.

[0167] Length of yoke 113 for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , as an example, is the length of the polar yoke 113. The value can be 100~300mm, with 200mm being the preferred value.

[0168] The width of the extreme boot 111 for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , as an example, is the width of the extreme boot 111. The range can be 50~300mm, with 100mm being the preferred value.

[0169] The width of the extreme body is 112. for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , as an example, is the width of the extreme body 112. The thickness can be 5~40mm, with 20mm being the preferred value.

[0170] Width of the yoke 113 for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , as an example, is the width of the polar yoke 113. The range can be 50~300mm, with 100mm being the preferred value.

[0171] The height of the extreme boots 111 for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , as an example, is the height of the extreme boot 111. The thickness can be 5~40mm, with 20mm being the preferred value.

[0172] Extreme height 112 for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , for example, the height of the extreme body 112. The range can be 20~200mm, with 100mm being the preferred value.

[0173] The height of the yoke 113 for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , as an example, is the height of the polar yoke 113. The thickness can be 5~40mm, with 20mm being the preferred value.

[0174] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the length of the pole shoe 111 The length of the extreme body is 112. The width of the extreme boot 111 = Width of the polar yoke 113 .

[0175] Furthermore, such as Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown, the spacing of the magnetic core 110a for ~ The better value is ~ Combined with the current center distance The range of values, as an example, is the spacing of magnetic core 110a. The value can be 50~200mm, with 100mm being the preferred value.

[0176] Here, the spacing of magnetic core 110a That is, the minimum distance between two magnetic cores 110a of the same magnetic tooth 110. This application determines this by setting the spacing of the magnetic cores 110a. for ~ This can greatly save the amount of magnetic conductive material used, reduce production costs, and ensure the power and efficiency of wireless power transmission.

[0177] The distance between two adjacent pole yokes 113 for ~ The better value is Combined with the current center distance The range of values ​​for , as an example, is the spacing of the polar yoke 113. The value can be 50~200mm, with 100mm being the preferred value.

[0178] Here, the spacing between two adjacent pole yokes 113 That is, the minimum distance between the two adjacent pole yokes 113 of two adjacent magnetic teeth 110. This application determines this by setting the spacing between the two pole yokes 113. for ~ This can greatly save the amount of magnetic conductive material used, reduce production costs, and ensure the power and efficiency of wireless power transmission.

[0179] like Figures 8-11 As shown, the area of ​​the pole shoe 111 is smaller than the area of ​​the pole yoke 113. Here, the areas of the pole shoe 111 and the pole yoke 113 refer to the area of ​​the plate surface. This arrangement helps to save on the amount of magnetic conductive material used, reduce production costs, and decrease the weight of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100. Furthermore, it facilitates winding operations for processing personnel, and the larger area of ​​the pole yoke 113 compared to the pole shoe 111 also helps to stably and firmly embed the magnetic core 110a under the road surface, preventing it from tilting.

[0180] Specifically, in the embodiments of this application, the width of the pole shoe 111 is... Width of the yoke 113 Equal in size, with a length of 113 for the polar yoke. The length greater than the pole shoe 111 This allows the pole yoke 113 to protrude from the side of the pole shoe 111 and to be closer to the adjacent magnetic tooth 110.

[0181] Optionally, in this embodiment, each magnetic core 110a can be manufactured as a single piece using an integral molding process. With this configuration, compared to forming the magnetic core 110a by splicing, air gaps can be avoided at the joints between the pole shoes 111, pole bodies 112, and pole yokes 113. This reduces magnetic resistance, increases the mutual inductance and coupling coefficient of the magnetic teeth 110, and makes the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment have higher power transmission efficiency.

[0182] Alternatively, the integral molding process can be a sintering process. For example, the magnetic core 110a can be formed by sintering ferrite powder using a powder metallurgy process. In this case, the magnetic teeth 110 are made of ferrite material.

[0183] Optionally, the magnetic teeth 110 may be composed of at least one of ferrite material, iron-based nanocrystalline magnetic material, amorphous magnetic material or silicon steel sheet.

[0184] The power supply cable 120 is sequentially wound around multiple magnetic teeth 110, forming the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment. This application does not limit the specific type of the power supply cable 120. For example, the power supply cable 120 can be any of the high-frequency conductors such as Litz wire, single-core wire, multi-core wire, copper busbar, or copper tube.

[0185] like Figures 8-10 As shown in this embodiment, the power supply cable 120 is wound around the magnetic teeth 110 in a lapped manner. This lapped manner is also called sequential winding.

[0186] Specifically, the power supply cable 120 is wound sequentially around multiple magnetic teeth 110. The power supply cable 120 is first wound clockwise or counterclockwise around the outside of the two pole bodies 112 of the first magnetic tooth 110 for one or more turns. Then, it is wound counterclockwise or clockwise around the outside of the two pole bodies 112 of the second magnetic tooth 110 for the same number of turns. Then, it is wound clockwise or counterclockwise around the outside of the two pole bodies 112 of the third magnetic tooth 110 for the same number of turns, until all the magnetic teeth 110 are wound.

[0187] It is worth mentioning that the winding direction of the power supply cable 120 should be opposite for two adjacent magnetic teeth 110. This ensures that the magnetic field direction of the primary coil 114 on the two adjacent magnetic teeth 110 is opposite, so that the magnetic field line emitted by one of the primary coils 114 can enter the adjacent primary coil 114, and finally form the aforementioned "longitudinal magnetic field".

[0188] Optionally, the power supply cable 120 may have two or more turns wound around each of the magnetic teeth 110. The number of turns of the power supply cable 120 is determined based on the self-inductance required by the primary coil 114, the maximum current allowed to pass through the wire, and the maximum power required for transmission.

[0189] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this application embodiment. This embodiment is different from the foregoing. Figures 8-14 The only difference in the embodiment shown is that the power supply cable 120 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment is wound around the magnetic teeth 110 in a wave-like manner. The wave-like manner can also be called figure-eight cross winding.

[0190] Specifically, the power supply cable 120 passes through the left or right side of the pole body 112 of the first magnetic tooth 110, extends to the right or left side of the pole body 112 of the second magnetic tooth 110, then extends to the left or right side of the pole body 112 of the third magnetic tooth 110, until it extends to the last magnetic tooth 110. After being wound 180 degrees, it passes through multiple magnetic teeth 110 in the same way again, finally forming an "8" shaped structure on the cables of two adjacent magnetic teeth 110.

[0191] In other words, with the magnetic teeth 110 as a reference, the power supply cable 120 can be divided into a left cable and a right cable. The left cable is wound around all the magnetic teeth 110 in the form of a sine wave, and the right cable is wound around all the magnetic teeth 110 in a mirror-symmetrical form with the left cable. The left cable and the right cable are connected at the end of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100.

[0192] Multiple turns of cable can be wound around each magnetic tooth 110. At this time, the power supply cable 120 can be wound back and forth multiple times in the aforementioned waveform winding method until the number of turns is met.

[0193] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 may also be wound around the magnetic teeth 110 using the aforementioned overlapping and wave-wound methods. In other words, the two winding methods described above can be combined with each other, and this application does not impose any particular limitation on this.

[0194] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle magnetic tooth 110. This embodiment is different from the aforementioned... Figures 8-14 The only difference in the embodiment shown is that the magnetic teeth 110 in the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment adopt a double "C" shaped structure.

[0195] Specifically, in the embodiments of this application, for each magnetic core 110a, the pole shoe 111, pole body 112, and pole yoke 113 are all flat plate structures. The pole shoe 111 and pole yoke 113 of the same magnetic core 110a are parallel to each other, and the pole body 112 is vertically disposed between the pole shoe 111 and the pole yoke 113. The pole body 112 is connected to the inner edge of the pole shoe 111 and the pole yoke 113, thereby making the magnetic core 110a of the magnetic tooth 110 have an overall "C" shaped structure. The pole body 112 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the multiple magnetic teeth 110, and the openings of the two "C" shaped structures of each magnetic tooth 110 are opposite to each other.

[0196] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the width of the pole shoe 111 is equal to the width of the pole yoke 113, and the length of the pole yoke 113 is greater than the length of the pole shoe 111, so that the pole yoke 113 can protrude from the side of the pole shoe 111 and be closer to the adjacent magnetic tooth 110.

[0197] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another example of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this application embodiment. This embodiment is different from the foregoing... Figures 16-17 The only difference in the illustrated embodiment is that the power supply cable 120 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment is wound around the magnetic teeth 110 in the aforementioned wave-like manner. For related descriptions, please refer to the preceding introduction, which will not be repeated here.

[0198] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide an energy transmitter that is applied to a wireless charging system, such as a Dynamic Wireless Charging System (DWCS), and is capable of providing power to an energy receiver.

[0199] Figure 19 This is a structural block diagram of the energy transmitter 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. (See diagram below.) Figure 19 As shown, the energy transmitter 1000 provided in this application embodiment includes the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 and the transmitter control device 200 provided in any of the foregoing embodiments. The transmitter control device 200 is used to provide high-frequency AC power to the magnetic coupling mechanism 100.

[0200] Specifically, the transmitter control device 200 is connected to an external power source to modulate the external power source into a high-frequency AC power source that meets the requirements. Then, the high-frequency AC power source is transmitted to the power supply cable 120 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100. Under the action of the high-frequency AC power source, the multiple primary coils 114 formed by the winding of the power supply cable 120 can generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, thereby providing electrical energy to the energy receiving end.

[0201] like Figure 19 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the transmitter control device 200 includes a rectifier 210, a high-frequency inverter 220 and a resonant compensation network 230 connected in sequence.

[0202] At this time, the alternating current from the power grid is rectified and filtered by rectifier 210 and then converted into direct current. Under the action of high-frequency inverter 20, this direct current is converted into high-frequency alternating current, and then passed to power supply cable 120 through resonant compensation network 230. Resonant compensation network 230 can filter out harmonics in high-frequency alternating current to perform resonance compensation. The primary coil 114 generates a high-frequency magnetic field under the action of high-frequency alternating current. This high-frequency magnetic field is used to couple the secondary coil of mobile devices such as electric vehicles to generate induced current and charge the battery.

[0203] In this embodiment, the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 can be used to wirelessly and dynamically charge a mobile device. The magnetic coupling mechanism 100 can be embedded beneath the road surface along the path the mobile device travels, allowing the mobile device to charge while moving on the road. The transmitter control device 200 can be located either beneath or on the road surface; this application does not limit its location.

[0204] Optionally, the energy transmitter 1000 may include one or more magnetic coupling mechanisms 100, and the on / off state of each magnetic coupling mechanism 100 can be controlled by a control switch.

[0205] The energy transmitter 1000 provided in this application embodiment can wirelessly power high-power mobile devices such as rail transit, trolleybuses, airport shuttle buses, and amusement park sightseeing vehicles. It can also wirelessly power low-power mobile devices such as automated guided vehicles (AGVs), cleaning robots, line inspection robots, automated guided transport vehicles, and intelligent robots (e.g., sorting robots). Furthermore, it can wirelessly power mobile devices used in special environments such as wells, mines, underwater, workshops, and warehouses.

[0206] Optionally, the energy transmitter 1000 provided in this application embodiment can also be used to wirelessly charge objects that are subject to static wireless power transmission or dynamic-static compatible charging. This application does not limit this.

[0207] Since the energy transmitter 1000 adopts the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in any of the above embodiments, the energy transmitter 1000 also has the technical effects corresponding to the magnetic coupling mechanism 100, which will not be described in detail here.

[0208] Furthermore, this application also provides a wireless charging system, which includes an energy transmitter 1000 and an energy receiver 2000 as provided in the foregoing embodiments. The energy transmitter 1000 is used to transmit energy to the energy receiver 2000.

[0209] Figure 20 This is a structural block diagram of the wireless charging system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 20 As shown, the energy transmitter 1000 includes a transmitter control device 200 and a magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in the aforementioned embodiment. The energy receiver 2000 is disposed on a mobile device and includes a secondary coil 400 and a receiver control device 500.

[0210] The transmitter control device 200 converts the electrical energy provided by the road power supply 300 into high-frequency alternating current and supplies this high-frequency alternating current to the primary coil 114 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100. Under the action of the high-frequency alternating current, the primary coil 114 generates a high-frequency magnetic field, which is used to couple the secondary coil 400 of the energy receiver 2000 to generate an induced current and charge the on-board battery 600.

[0211] Optionally, the mobile device is an electric vehicle, and the secondary coil 400 is mounted on the chassis of the electric vehicle, enabling it to be magnetically coupled to the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 located under the road surface.

[0212] Optionally, the road power supply 300 can come from the power grid or from any power generation device such as solar or wind power. For example, the road power supply 300 comes from solar photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines installed along the roadside.

[0213] Optionally, the on-board battery 600 can be a lithium iron phosphate battery or a ternary lithium battery.

[0214] Optionally, the wireless charging system provided in this application embodiment may also include the mobile device.

[0215] Since the wireless charging system uses the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 provided in any of the above embodiments, the wireless charging system also has the technical effects corresponding to the magnetic coupling mechanism 100, which will not be described in detail here.

[0216] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the wireless charging system provided in this application embodiment. For example... Figure 21As shown, as a specific application example, the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 can be installed under the road surface of a highway. The highway has multiple lanes, and the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 can be pre-embedded under one of the lanes; this lane is the charging lane 3100. The lane without the pre-embedded magnetic coupling mechanism 100 is the conventional lane 3200. The multiple magnetic teeth 110 of the magnetic coupling mechanism 100 are arranged parallel to the extension direction of the charging lane 3100. An energy receiving end is installed on the electric vehicle 3000, and the secondary coil is located on the chassis of the electric vehicle 3000. The electric vehicle 3000 can achieve charging while driving in the charging lane 3100.

[0217] A position detection device 3400 is installed on the gantry 3300 of the highway. The position detection device 3400 can detect the real-time position of the electric vehicle 3000 and inform the transmitting control device. The transmitting control device controls the corresponding magnetic coupling mechanism 100 (primary coil) to be powered on according to the traveling position of the electric vehicle 3000.

[0218] A communication base station 3500 is also installed on the highway gantry 3300. This base station 3500 can wirelessly communicate with the electric vehicle 3000 (e.g., 5G communication). The electric vehicle 3000 can also wirelessly communicate with the transmitting control device through the base station 3500, such as sending charging commands or charging stop commands. The transmitting control device can then perform charging operations based on the relevant commands from the electric vehicle 3000. Once the electric vehicle 3000's battery is fully charged, it can change lanes and drive in the regular lane 3200 without obstructing other vehicles from charging in the charging lane 3100.

[0219] Optionally, the position detection device 3400 can be a detection device such as a camera or a lidar, and this application does not limit it.

[0220] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic coupling mechanism, characterized in that, include: A plurality of magnetic teeth (110) are arranged in a row, at least one pair of adjacent magnetic teeth (110) are spaced apart, each magnetic tooth (110) includes two magnetic cores (110a), at least one magnetic tooth (110) has two magnetic cores (110a) spaced apart, each magnetic core (110a) includes a pole shoe (111), a pole body (112) and a pole yoke (113), the pole shoe (111) and the pole yoke (113) are connected to opposite ends of the pole body (112); A power supply cable (120) is wound around the outside of the two pole bodies (112) of the magnetic tooth (110) to form a primary coil (114) for transmitting energy to the secondary coil. The pole shoe (111) is located on the side of the primary coil (114) facing the secondary coil. The pole shoe (111), the pole body (112), and the pole yoke (113) are all flat. The pole shoe (111) and the pole yoke (113) of the same magnetic core (110a) are parallel to each other. The pole body (112) is vertically arranged between the pole shoe (111) and the pole yoke (113). The area of ​​the pole shoe (111) is smaller than the area of ​​the pole yoke (113). The interval between two adjacent magnetic teeth (110) is set such that the pole yoke (113) of the two adjacent magnetic teeth is disconnected. The interval length between two adjacent magnetic teeth (110) is 0.1t~0.3t, and the interval length between the two magnetic cores (110a) of each magnetic tooth (110) is 0.1t~0.3t, where t is the center distance between two adjacent magnetic teeth (110).

2. The magnetic coupling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Any two adjacent magnetic teeth (110) are spaced apart, and the two magnetic cores (110a) of each magnetic tooth (110) are spaced apart.

3. The magnetic coupling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic core (110a) has an overall "I" shaped structure, and the pole body (112) is arranged along the arrangement direction of the plurality of magnetic teeth (110).

4. The magnetic coupling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic core (110a) is in the shape of a "C" and the pole body (112) is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of magnetic teeth (110). The openings of the two "C" shaped structures of each magnetic tooth (110) are opposite to each other.

5. The magnetic coupling mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The power supply cable (120) is wound around the magnetic teeth (110) in a wave-like or overlapping manner.

6. The magnetic coupling mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The magnetic fields of the primary coils (114) on two adjacent magnetic teeth (110) are in opposite directions.

7. The magnetic coupling mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Each of the magnetic cores (110a) is made into a single structure using a one-piece molding process.

8. The magnetic coupling mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The magnetic tooth (110) is composed of at least one of ferrite material, iron-based nanocrystalline magnetic material, amorphous magnetic material or silicon steel sheet.

9. The magnetic coupling mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The power supply cable (120) is a Litz wire, a single-core wire, a multi-core wire, a copper busbar, or a copper pipe.

10. The magnetic coupling mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The magnetic coupling mechanism is buried under the road surface along the extension direction of the road.

11. An energy emitting terminal, characterized in that, It includes a transmitter control device (200) and a magnetic coupling mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-10, wherein the transmitter control device (200) is used to provide high-frequency AC power to the magnetic coupling mechanism.

12. A wireless charging system, characterized in that, It includes an energy transmitter (1000) and an energy receiver (2000), wherein the energy transmitter (1000) includes a magnetic coupling mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-10, the magnetic coupling mechanism being used to transmit energy to the energy receiver (2000).

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