A planar RFID antenna

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of RFID antenna system technology and discloses a planar RFID antenna, comprising a processor, a transceiver module, and an RFID tag module. The RFID tag module includes a second transceiver module, a first radiating module, and a signal integration module. The first transmitting module is used to output a radio frequency signal of a certain frequency to the RFID tag antenna via an RFID reader. The first radiating module is used to radiate the acquired radio frequency signal power in the form of electromagnetic waves. The conductors in the first radiating module are arranged with two conductors spread apart by 180°. A planar array of multi-radiating plates is provided in the first radiating module to spread the electric field in the surrounding space and enhance the radiation of electromagnetic waves. The antenna of this invention enhances and radiates the radio frequency signal, improves the received frequency ratio by using an attached enhancing antenna, and matches the antenna polarization function with the interrogation signal of the reader as much as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of RFID antenna system technology, specifically a planar RFID antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an abbreviation for Radio Frequency Identification. Its principle is based on non-contact data communication between a reader and a tag to identify targets. RFID has a wide range of applications, including animal microchips, car anti-theft devices, access control, parking management, production line automation, and material management.

[0003] RFID systems generally consist of three main parts: electronic tags, readers, and data exchange and management systems. Electronic tags, composed of on-chip antennas and integrated chips, exchange data with the reader via electromagnetic waves, providing intelligent reading / writing and encrypted communication capabilities. The reader mainly comprises a wireless transceiver module, antenna, control module, and interface circuitry. The data exchange and management system primarily handles data storage and management, as well as controlling the reading and writing of electronic tags.

[0004] In recent years, small RFID tags have been used in various fields such as logistics. An antenna is a device and component used to transmit or receive radio waves. It can be considered a terminal device of a transmission line. However, due to the poor antenna communication characteristics of small RFID tags, matching the antenna to the reader becomes difficult. Therefore, overcoming the matching difficulties between the antenna and the reader, and strengthening research on RFID reader antennas, is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a planar RFID antenna that enhances the encryption of radio frequency signals by the antenna signal and decrypts, analyzes, and compares the signals during the reading process by the RFID reader. This improves the matching between the antenna and the reader, and also enhances the security during the reading of RFID tags. It solves the problem mentioned in the background art that the poor antenna communication characteristics of small RFID tags make antenna-reader matching difficult.

[0006] This invention provides the following technical solution: a planar RFID antenna, comprising a processor, a transceiver module, and an RFID tag module;

[0007] The processor and the transceiver module are electrically connected. The transceiver module includes a first transmitting module and a first receiving module. The RFID tag module includes a second transceiver module, a first radiating module, and a signal integration module.

[0008] The first transmitting module is used to output a radio frequency signal of a certain frequency to the RFID tag antenna through an antenna using an RFID reader;

[0009] The second transceiver module is used to receive the induced current generated when the output of the first transmitting module is input, which is the power of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the first transmitting module;

[0010] The first radiation module is used to radiate the acquired radio frequency signal power in the form of electromagnetic waves. The wires in the first radiation module are set to be two wires spread apart by 180°. The first radiation module is provided with a planar array of multi-radiation plates so that the electric field spreads in the surrounding space and enhances the radiation of electromagnetic waves.

[0011] The signal integration module is used to integrate the encoded and radiated signals and then transmit them to the second transceiver module for transmission.

[0012] The first receiving module is used to receive RFID tag codes and other signal information integrated by the transmitting and integrating module in the second transceiver module.

[0013] As an optional embodiment of the planar RFID antenna described in this invention, the RFID tag module further includes an encoding unit, which is used to encode and encrypt the received RFID tag encoding signal.

[0014] The processor includes a logic unit and a decoding unit;

[0015] The decoding unit is used to perform decoding and demodulation processing on the RFID tag encoding;

[0016] The logic unit is used to compare, analyze, and process the received radio frequency signal and the RFID tag code.

[0017] As an optional solution for the planar RFID antenna described in this invention, the RFID tag module further includes an impedance module. The impedance module is used to impede the power of the radio frequency signal received by the second transceiver module, thereby removing the interference of the filtering frequency in the radio frequency signal, so that it has a fixed resonant frequency, thus reducing harmonic interference during impedance transformation, and improving the real-time data transmission rate and load frequency.

[0018] As an optional solution for the planar RFID antenna described in this invention, the impedance module further includes an automatic matching module and a control module. The automatic matching module is used in the antenna circuit, including an integrated module, to automatically match as the impedance changes.

[0019] The control module is embedded in the IC chip and is used to measure and control the reflection coefficient of the antenna circuit.

[0020] As an optional solution for the planar RFID antenna described in this invention, the control module includes a measurement unit and a control unit. The measurement unit includes amplitude measurement circuit data and phase measurement circuit data, and sends the phase and amplitude values ​​to the control unit to calculate the antenna reflection coefficients at the two points.

[0021] As an optional embodiment of the planar RFID antenna described in this invention, the transceiver module further includes an enhanced antenna unit;

[0022] The enhanced antenna unit is equipped with an auxiliary enhanced antenna, which is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the radio frequency signal power transmitted by the first transmitting module, adjust the resonant frequency of the enhanced antenna and the resonant frequency of the RFID tag module, and the coupling coefficient between the enhanced antenna and the RFID tag module, so as to widen the transmit and receive bandwidth.

[0023] As an alternative to the planar RFID antenna described in this invention, the encoding unit includes transmitting multiple encoded signals and at least one additional encrypted signal;

[0024] The decoding unit includes a process of receiving multiple encoded signals and at least one additional encrypted signal for decoding.

[0025] As an optional embodiment of the planar RFID antenna described in this invention, the decoding unit includes a database, a comparison unit, and a decryption unit.

[0026] The database is used to store various encoded signals and the additional encrypted signals;

[0027] The comparison unit is used to receive multiple encoded signals and the additional encrypted signal, compare them, and then obtain the read data.

[0028] The decryption unit is used to decrypt the received additional encryption signal to obtain the read data.

[0029] A method for using a planar RFID antenna includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: a) Install the radiating plate of the enhanced antenna and array on the RFID tag, print the RFID array antenna on the printed radio frequency identification tag, and install at least three antenna elements on the RFID tag substrate.

[0031] b) An insulating plate is installed in the antenna and radiating plate of the RFID tag;

[0032] C) Install receiving and transmitting antennas in the RFID reader, and make the polarization of the antennas match the interrogation signal of the reader;

[0033] Step 2: Install the IC chip to connect the radiating plate and the ground plane;

[0034] Step 3: Install filtering equipment to remove interference from the filtering frequency in the radio frequency signal, so that it has a fixed resonant frequency, thereby reducing harmonic interference during impedance transformation;

[0035] Step 4: Use a processor to transmit and receive encoded signals and perform decoding to obtain the read data.

[0036] As an optional solution to the planar RFID antenna method of the present invention, step one further includes a method for installing the antenna, wherein the installation is carried out by two methods: printing method and winding method, and at least one RFID ultra-high frequency radio frequency identification four-arm spiral antenna with a radiation angle of 120~130 degrees is provided.

[0037] At least one of the RFID reader antennas is an RFID transmitting and receiving antenna;

[0038] The number of printed RFID antenna elements N>3 are provided, where at least the RFID transmitting and receiving antennas are configured to simultaneously transmit excitation energy to the printed RFID array antenna, and N represents the number of times, and the printed antenna array is arranged in a circular array.

[0039] The described coil-mounting method involves installing the antenna in a coil and setting the Q value of the antenna coil. The higher the Q value, the greater the resonant current and the stronger the surrounding field strength, thereby improving the power transmission characteristics of the tag. The bandwidth of the coil antenna is inversely proportional to the quality factor.

[0040] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. This planar RFID antenna enhances and radiates the radio frequency signal during the transmission and processing of the RFID reader and RFID signal. By attaching an enhancement antenna, the frequency ratio of the received signal is improved. The antenna polarization function is used to match the interrogation signal of the reader as much as possible, thereby improving the matching rate between the antenna and the reader and reducing the mismatch between identification and reading.

[0042] 2. This planar RFID antenna encodes and encrypts signals in the RFID tag module before transmitting and integrating the signals to the reader. After receiving the signals, the reader performs logic decoding to crack at least one additional encrypted signal, compares and decrypts it in the database, and finally displays it through the reader terminal. This improves the security of reading RFID tags and reduces the possibility of signal theft or interference.

[0043] 3. In the process of installing RFID tags and RFID readers, at least N>3 printed RFID antenna elements are installed on the receiving antenna and arranged in a circular array. This makes the resonant current larger and the surrounding field strength stronger, thereby increasing the antenna gain through inductive coupling with the radiating conductor plate. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system module transmission process of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the RFID tag installation and reading method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] In recent years, small RFID tags have been used in various fields such as logistics. An antenna is a device and component used to transmit or receive radio waves. It can be considered a terminal device of a transmission line. However, due to the poor antenna communication characteristics of small RFID tags, matching the antenna to the reader becomes difficult. Therefore, overcoming the matching difficulties between the antenna and the reader, and strengthening research on RFID reader antennas, is of great significance.

[0049] This invention provides the following technical solution: a planar RFID antenna, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 It includes a processor, a transceiver module, and an RFID tag module;

[0050] The processor and the transceiver module are electrically connected. The transceiver module includes a first transmitting module and a first receiving module. The RFID tag module includes a second transceiver module, a first radiating module, and a signal integration module.

[0051] The first transmitting module is used to output a radio frequency signal of a certain frequency to the RFID tag antenna through an antenna using an RFID reader;

[0052] The second transceiver module is used to receive the induced current generated when the output of the first transmitting module is input, which is the power of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the first transmitting module;

[0053] The first radiation module is used to radiate the acquired radio frequency signal power in the form of electromagnetic waves. The wires in the first radiation module are set to be two wires spread apart by 180°. The first radiation module is provided with a planar array of multi-radiation plates so that the electric field spreads in the surrounding space and enhances the radiation of electromagnetic waves.

[0054] The signal integration module is used to integrate the encoded and radiated signals and then transmit them to the second transceiver module for transmission.

[0055] The first receiving module is used to receive RFID tag codes and other signal information integrated by the transmitting and integrating module in the second transceiver module;

[0056] The transceiver module further includes an enhanced antenna unit.

[0057] The enhanced antenna unit is equipped with an auxiliary enhanced antenna, which is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the radio frequency signal power transmitted by the first transmitting module, adjust the resonant frequency of the enhanced antenna and the resonant frequency of the RFID tag module, and the coupling coefficient between the enhanced antenna and the RFID tag module, so as to widen the transmit and receive bandwidth.

[0058] In this embodiment: the first transmitting module of the RFID reader terminal outputs a radio frequency power signal, which is then received and processed by the second transceiver module of the RFID tag module. The antenna PCB circuit board on which the RFID tag is mounted performs radiation, impedance and signal integration processing.

[0059] During processing, the transmitted radio frequency signal is enhanced and radiated. The received frequency ratio is improved by using an attached enhancement antenna. The antenna polarization function is matched with the interrogation signal of the reader as much as possible to improve the matching rate between the antenna and the reader and reduce the occurrence of identification and reading mismatch.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment aims to address the issue that existing RFID antenna tags use only a single signal without encryption, leading to reduced security. This embodiment is an explanation based on Embodiment 1. For details, please refer to [link to Embodiment 1]. Figure 1 The RFID tag module further includes an encoding unit, which is used to encode and encrypt the received RFID tag encoding signal.

[0062] The processor includes a logic unit and a decoding unit;

[0063] The decoding unit is used to perform decoding and demodulation processing on the RFID tag encoding;

[0064] The logic unit is used to compare, analyze, and process the received radio frequency signal and the RFID tag code.

[0065] Wherein: the encoding unit includes transmitting multiple encoded signals and at least one additional encryption signal;

[0066] The decoding unit includes a process of receiving multiple encoded signals and at least one additional encrypted signal for decoding.

[0067] The decoding unit includes a database, a comparison unit, and a decryption unit.

[0068] The database is used to store various encoded signals and the additional encrypted signals;

[0069] The comparison unit is used to receive multiple encoded signals and the additional encrypted signal, compare them, and then obtain the read data.

[0070] The decryption unit is used to decrypt the received additional encryption signal to obtain the read data.

[0071] In this embodiment: the signal is encoded and encrypted in the RFID tag module before being transmitted and integrated to the reader. After receiving the signal, the reader performs logic and decoding to crack at least one additional encrypted signal, compares and decrypts it in the database, and finally displays it through the reader terminal. This improves the security of reading RFID tags and reduces the possibility of signal theft or interference.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] This embodiment is an explanation based on Embodiment 1. For details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The RFID tag module further includes an impedance module, which is used to impedance the power of the radio frequency signal received by the second transceiver module. This is used to remove the interference of the filtering frequency in the radio frequency signal, so that it has a fixed resonant frequency, thereby reducing harmonic interference during impedance transformation and improving the real-time data transmission rate and load frequency.

[0074] The impedance module further includes an automatic matching module and a control module. The automatic matching module is used in the antenna circuit, including an integrated module, to automatically match as the impedance changes.

[0075] The control module is embedded in the IC chip and is used to measure and control the reflection coefficient of the antenna circuit.

[0076] The control module includes a measurement unit and a control unit. The measurement unit includes amplitude measurement circuit data and phase measurement circuit data, and sends the phase and amplitude values ​​to the control unit to calculate the antenna reflection coefficients at the two points.

[0077] In this embodiment: by measuring and calculating the reflection coefficient of the radio frequency signal, the signal is impedance processed in the RFID tag module to remove the interference of the filtering frequency in the radio frequency signal, so that it has a fixed resonant frequency, thereby reducing harmonic interference during impedance transformation and improving the real-time data transmission rate and load frequency.

[0078] A method for using a planar RFID antenna includes the following steps, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 - Figure 2 ;

[0079] Step 1: a) Install the radiating plate of the enhanced antenna and array on the RFID tag, print the RFID array antenna on the printed radio frequency identification tag, and install at least three antenna elements on the RFID tag substrate.

[0080] b) An insulating plate is installed in the antenna and radiating plate of the RFID tag;

[0081] C) Install receiving and transmitting antennas in the RFID reader, and make the polarization of the antennas match the interrogation signal of the reader;

[0082] Step 2: Install the IC chip to connect the radiating plate and the ground plane;

[0083] Step 3: Install filtering equipment to remove interference from the filtering frequency in the radio frequency signal, so that it has a fixed resonant frequency, thereby reducing harmonic interference during impedance transformation;

[0084] Step 4: Use a processor to transmit and receive encoded signals and perform decoding to obtain the read data.

[0085] As an optional solution to the planar RFID antenna method of the present invention, step one further includes a method for installing the antenna, wherein the installation is carried out by two methods: printing method and winding method, and at least one RFID ultra-high frequency radio frequency identification four-arm spiral antenna with a radiation angle of 120~130 degrees is provided.

[0086] At least one of the RFID reader antennas is an RFID transmitting and receiving antenna;

[0087] The number of printed RFID antenna elements N>3 are provided, where at least the RFID transmitting and receiving antennas are configured to simultaneously transmit excitation energy to the printed RFID array antenna, and N represents the number of times, and the printed antenna array is arranged in a circular array.

[0088] The described coil-mounting method involves installing the antenna in a coil and setting the Q value of the antenna coil. The higher the Q value, the greater the resonant current and the stronger the surrounding field strength, thereby improving the power transmission characteristics of the tag. The bandwidth of the coil antenna is inversely proportional to the quality factor.

[0089] In this embodiment: the method coordinates the installation of RFID tags with the antenna in the RFID reader. At least N>3 printed RFID antenna elements are installed on the receiving antenna and arranged in a circular array. This makes the resonant current larger and the surrounding field strength stronger, thereby increasing the antenna gain through inductive coupling with the radiating conductor plate.

[0090] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planar RFID antenna, characterized in that, Includes a processor, transceiver module, and RFID tag module; The processor and the transceiver module are electrically connected. The transceiver module includes a first transmitting module and a first receiving module. The RFID tag module includes a second transceiver module, a first radiating module, and a signal integration module. The first transmitting module is used to output a radio frequency signal of a certain frequency to the RFID tag antenna through an antenna using an RFID reader; The second transceiver module is used to receive the induced current generated when the output of the first transmitting module is input, which is the power of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the first transmitting module; The first radiation module is used to radiate the acquired radio frequency signal power in the form of electromagnetic waves. The wires in the first radiation module are set to be two wires spread apart by 180°. The first radiation module is provided with a planar array of multi-radiation plates so that the electric field spreads in the surrounding space and enhances the radiation of electromagnetic waves. The signal integration module is used to integrate the encoded and radiated signals and then transmit them to the second transceiver module for transmission. The first receiving module is used to receive RFID tag codes and other signal information integrated by the transmitting and integrating module in the second transceiver module; The transceiver module also includes an enhanced antenna unit; The enhanced antenna unit is equipped with an auxiliary enhanced antenna, which is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the radio frequency signal power transmitted by the first transmitting module, adjust the resonant frequency of the enhanced antenna and the resonant frequency of the RFID tag module, and the coupling coefficient between the enhanced antenna and the RFID tag module, so as to make the transmit and receive bandwidth more wide. The RFID tag module also includes an encoding unit, which is used to encode and encrypt the received RFID tag encoding signal. The processor includes a logic unit and a decoding unit; The decoding unit is used to perform decoding and demodulation processing on the RFID tag encoding; The logic unit is used to compare, analyze, and process the received radio frequency signal and the RFID tag code.

2. The planar RFID antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RFID tag module also includes an impedance module, which is used to impedance the power of the radio frequency signal received by the second transceiver module. This impedance module is used to remove the interference of the filtering frequency in the radio frequency signal, so that it has a fixed resonant frequency, thereby reducing harmonic interference during impedance transformation and improving the real-time data transmission rate and load frequency.

3. A planar RFID antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impedance module also includes an automatic matching module and a control module. The automatic matching module is used in the antenna circuit, including an integrated module, to automatically match as the impedance changes. The control module is embedded in the IC chip and is used to measure and control the reflection coefficient of the antenna circuit.

4. A planar RFID antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module includes a measurement unit and a control unit. The measurement unit includes amplitude measurement circuit data and phase measurement circuit data, and sends the phase and amplitude values ​​to the control unit to calculate the antenna reflection coefficients at the two points.

5. A planar RFID antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The encoding unit includes transmitting multiple encoded signals and at least one additional encryption signal; The decoding unit includes a process of receiving multiple encoded signals and at least one additional encrypted signal for decoding.

6. A planar RFID antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The decoding unit includes a database, a comparison unit, and a decryption unit; The database is used to store various encoded signals and the additional encrypted signals; The comparison unit is used to receive multiple encoded signals and the additional encrypted signal, compare them, and then obtain the read data. The decryption unit is used to decrypt the received additional encryption signal to obtain the read data.

7. The method for a planar RFID antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, Step 1: a) Install the RFID tag with an enhanced antenna and an array radiating plate, print the RFID array antenna on the printed RFID tag, and install at least three antenna elements on the RFID tag substrate. b) An insulating plate is installed in the antenna and radiating plate of the RFID tag; C) Install receiving and transmitting antennas in the RFID reader, and make the polarization of the antennas match the interrogation signal of the reader; Step 2: Install the IC chip to connect the radiating plate and the ground plane; Step 3: Install filtering equipment to remove interference from the filtering frequency in the radio frequency signal, so that it has a fixed resonant frequency, thereby reducing harmonic interference during impedance transformation; Step 4: Use a processor to transmit and receive encoded signals and perform decoding to obtain the read data.

8. The method for a planar RFID antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step one also includes a method for installing the antenna. The installation is carried out using two methods: printing and coiling. At least one RFID UHF radio frequency identification four-arm helical antenna with a radiation angle of 120-130 degrees is provided. At least one of the RFID reader antennas is an RFID transmitting and receiving antenna; The number of printed RFID antenna elements N>3 are provided, where at least the RFID transmitting and receiving antennas are configured to simultaneously transmit excitation energy to the printed RFID array antenna, and N represents the number of times, and the printed antenna array is arranged in a circular array. The described coil-mounting method involves installing the antenna in a coil and setting the Q value of the antenna coil. The higher the Q value, the greater the resonant current and the stronger the surrounding field strength, thereby improving the power transmission characteristics of the tag. The bandwidth of the coil antenna is inversely proportional to the quality factor.

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