Arcing detection method, apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The application relates to a pull arc detection method and device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: real-time detection of PV electric energy parameters, analysis of the PV electric energy parameters in a preset period window to obtain window characteristics corresponding to the preset period window; determination of a fluctuation characteristic signal according to the window characteristics corresponding to a continuous number of preset period windows containing a current window; acquisition of a current period arc state, and determination of a next period arc state according to the current period arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal; and updating of the current period arc state to the next period arc state. The fluctuation characteristic signal reflecting the pull arc phenomenon is obtained by analyzing the PV electric energy parameters, and the determination of the next period arc state is realized on the basis of the current period arc state through the fluctuation characteristic signal. On the basis of accurate detection of the pull arc, the application scheme is simple in principle, additional devices are not needed, and the cost is prevented from rising.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic systems, and more particularly to an arc detection method, apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic systems are prone to DC arcing during operation. If it is not detected and dealt with in time, the arcing may affect the operation of the photovoltaic system or even cause failure. However, the existing methods for detecting arcing are complex and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium for arc detection, aiming to solve the technical problems of complex and costly arc detection methods in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, or at least partially solve them, this application provides a method for arc detection, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] Real-time detection of PV power parameters, and analysis of the PV power parameters within a preset period window to obtain the window features corresponding to the preset period window;

[0006] The fluctuation characteristic signal is determined based on the window characteristics corresponding to a consecutive number of the preset periodic windows, including the current window.

[0007] The current cycle arc state is obtained, and the next cycle arc state is determined based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal.

[0008] Update the current cycle arc state to the next cycle arc state.

[0009] Optionally, the preset periodic window includes a first periodic window, the window feature includes voltage peak-to-peak value; the consecutive number is 2; the fluctuation feature signal includes a first feature signal based on the first periodic window; the step of determining the fluctuation feature signal based on the window features corresponding to a consecutive number of the preset periodic windows, including the current window, includes:

[0010] Determine whether the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range;

[0011] If the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal.

[0012] Optionally, the step of determining the fluctuation characteristic signal as the first characteristic signal if the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows falls within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range includes:

[0013] If the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of the voltage corresponding to two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range, then it is determined whether the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows have a unidirectional characteristic.

[0014] If the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows have a unidirectional characteristic, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the second characteristic signal;

[0015] If the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows do not have a unidirectional characteristic, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal.

[0016] Optionally, the preset periodic window includes a first periodic window, and the window feature includes voltage peak-to-peak value; the consecutive number is 1; the step of determining the fluctuation characteristic signal based on the window features corresponding to a consecutive number of the preset periodic windows, including the current window, includes:

[0017] Determine whether the peak-to-peak value of the voltage in the current window is greater than the preset maximum peak-to-peak value;

[0018] If the peak-to-peak voltage value in the current window is greater than the preset maximum peak-to-peak value, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the third characteristic signal.

[0019] Optionally, the preset periodic window includes a second periodic window; the window feature includes an average voltage value; the consecutive number is 2; the second feature signal includes a fourth feature signal and a fifth feature signal based on the second periodic window; the step of determining the fluctuation feature signal based on the window features corresponding to a consecutive number of the preset periodic windows, including the current window, includes:

[0020] Determine whether the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range;

[0021] If the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range, then it is determined that the current average voltage is greater than or less than the previous average voltage.

[0022] If the current average voltage is greater than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal;

[0023] If the current average voltage is less than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal.

[0024] Optionally, after the step of determining whether the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range, the following is included:

[0025] If the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is greater than the maximum value of the preset average difference range, then it is determined that the current average voltage is greater than or less than the previous average voltage.

[0026] If the current average voltage is greater than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the sixth characteristic signal;

[0027] If the current average voltage is less than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the seventh characteristic signal.

[0028] Optionally, the step of determining the arc state of the next cycle based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal includes:

[0029] Determine whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state;

[0030] If the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advancing / retreating signal, then the advancing / retreating sequence is obtained, and the arc state of the next cycle is determined according to the current cycle arc state and the advancing / retreating sequence.

[0031] Optionally, the progression sequence is normal state - active arc state - burning arc state - pulling arc state - normal state, and the regression sequence includes a first regression sequence, a second regression sequence, and a third regression sequence. The first regression sequence is active arc state - extinguished arc state - normal state, the second regression sequence is active arc state - normal state, and the third regression sequence is burning arc state - normal state. The step of determining the arc state of the next cycle based on the current cycle arc state and the progression / regression sequence includes:

[0032] Determine the position of the current cycle arc state in the advancing / retreating sequence;

[0033] The state following the current cycle arc state in the advancement / regression sequence is taken as the next cycle arc state.

[0034] Optionally, the step of determining whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state includes:

[0035] If the current periodic arc state is a normal state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0036] If the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0037] If the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first step-down signal, and the first step-down signal corresponds to the first step-down sequence.

[0038] If the current periodic arc state is an arc burning state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0039] If the current periodic arc state is an arcing state, and no first characteristic signal is detected within the preset arcing time, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0040] If the current periodic arc state is an arc-extinguished state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first degraded signal.

[0041] Optionally, the step of determining that if the current periodic arc state is a normal state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is a first characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal includes:

[0042] If the current periodic arc state is normal, the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal, and no third characteristic signal is detected at present, and the second characteristic signal count is 0, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal. The second characteristic signal count is incremented / decremented by 1 when the fluctuation characteristic signal is / is not the second characteristic signal, and the second characteristic signal count is ≥0.

[0043] Optionally, the step of determining the wave characteristic signal as an advanced signal if the current periodic arc state is an arcing state and the wave characteristic signal is a fourth characteristic signal includes:

[0044] If the current periodic arc state is an arcing state, the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, and the seventh characteristic signal count is 0, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal, and the seventh characteristic signal count increments by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the seventh characteristic signal.

[0045] Optionally, the step of determining whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state includes:

[0046] If the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state, and the count of the third characteristic signal is greater than the third preset count threshold, or the count of the first characteristic signal is greater than the first preset count threshold, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the second step-down signal, the second step-down signal corresponds to the second step-down sequence, the count of the third characteristic signal increments by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the third characteristic signal, and the count of the first characteristic signal increments by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the first characteristic signal.

[0047] Optionally, the step of determining whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state includes:

[0048] If the current periodic arc state is an arcing state, and the fifth characteristic signal count is greater than the fifth preset count threshold, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the third step-down signal, the third step-down signal corresponds to the third step-down sequence, and the fifth characteristic signal count increments by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the fifth characteristic signal.

[0049] Optionally, after the step of determining the arc state of the next cycle based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal, the following is included:

[0050] If the arc state in the next cycle is an arcing state, a fault warning is triggered;

[0051] If the arc state in the next cycle changes from the arcing state to another state, then calculate the arc energy during the duration when the arc state in the next cycle is the arcing state.

[0052] Perform the protection operation corresponding to the electric arc energy.

[0053] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides an arc detection device, the arc detection device comprising:

[0054] The first detection module is used to detect PV power parameters in real time and analyze the PV power parameters within a preset period window to obtain the window features corresponding to the preset period window.

[0055] The first determining module is used to determine the fluctuation characteristic signal based on the window characteristics corresponding to a consecutive number of preset periodic windows, including the current window.

[0056] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the current cycle arc state and determine the next cycle arc state based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal.

[0057] The first update module is used to update the current cycle arc state to the next cycle arc state.

[0058] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides an electronic device, the electronic device including a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the arc detection method as described above.

[0059] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the arc detection method described above.

[0060] This invention proposes an arc detection method, device, electronic device, and readable storage medium. It detects PV power parameters in real time and analyzes the PV power parameters within a preset periodic window to obtain window features corresponding to the preset periodic window. It determines fluctuation characteristic signals based on the window features corresponding to a consecutive number of preset periodic windows, including the current window. It acquires the current periodic arc state and determines the next periodic arc state based on the current periodic arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signals. The current periodic arc state is then updated to reflect the next periodic arc state. By analyzing PV power parameters to obtain fluctuation characteristic signals reflecting arc phenomena and obtaining the current periodic arc state, and then using the fluctuation characteristic signals to determine and update the next periodic arc state, this invention achieves accurate arc detection. Furthermore, the principle of this invention is simple, and it requires no additional components, thus avoiding increased costs. Attached Figure Description

[0061] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0062] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the arc detection method of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 This is an overall state flow diagram of an embodiment of the arc detection method of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 3 This is an overall state flow diagram of another embodiment of the arc detection method of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the electronic device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0067] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] This invention provides a method for detecting arcing, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the arc detection method of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0069] Step S10: Real-time detection of PV power parameters, and analysis of the PV power parameters within a preset period window to obtain the window features corresponding to the preset period window;

[0070] The specific categories of PV power parameters can be selected from different types of parameters in the photovoltaic system according to the actual application needs, such as PV voltage and PV current. This embodiment and subsequent embodiments use PV voltage for illustration. Other types of power parameters can be implemented by analogy and will not be described again.

[0071] The preset period window refers to the window for collecting PV power parameters based on a preset period. In this application, the preset period window is a rolling window, that is, two adjacent preset period windows do not overlap in the detection time and are continuous; the window features are used to reflect the numerical characteristics of the PV power parameters collected in the corresponding preset period window.

[0072] Step S20: Determine the fluctuation characteristic signal based on the window characteristics corresponding to a consecutive number of the preset periodic windows, including the current window;

[0073] By acquiring a consecutive number of window features, the changes in PV power parameters across these windows can be obtained. These changes are then used to determine the fluctuation characteristic signal, ensuring that the obtained fluctuation characteristic signal reflects the fluctuation of the PV power parameters. The fluctuation characteristic signal is used to characterize the fluctuation of the PV power parameters. It should be noted that the fluctuation characteristic signal can simultaneously include signals under normal conditions and signals exhibiting fluctuation characteristics, or it can only include signals exhibiting fluctuation characteristics. This embodiment and subsequent embodiments will use the example of only including signals exhibiting fluctuation characteristics; that is, a fluctuation characteristic signal is only obtained when PV power parameters exhibit fluctuation characteristics; otherwise, no fluctuation characteristic signal is generated. The case of simultaneously including signals under normal conditions and signals exhibiting fluctuation characteristics can be analogously configured and will not be elaborated further.

[0074] Step S30: Obtain the current cycle arc state, and determine the next cycle arc state based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal;

[0075] The current cycle arc state refers to the arc state determined in the previous detection event; the next cycle arc state refers to the arc state determined in the current detection event.

[0076] The arc states include normal state, arcing state, moving arcing state, extinguished arcing state, and burning arcing state. It is understood that different arc states may exhibit the same wave characteristic signal. However, because the arcing phenomenon has a certain continuity in its changes—for example, a complete arcing phenomenon often follows a sequence of normal state-moving arcing state-burning arcing state-arcting state-normal state, or normal state-moving arcing state-extinguished arcing state-normal state—the changes in different arc states are correlated and not arbitrary. Therefore, in this embodiment, the arc state of the next cycle can be determined based on the current cycle arc state and combined with the wave characteristic signal. It should be noted that the determination of the next cycle arc state in this embodiment can be achieved by setting up a state machine, or by using a photovoltaic system or an external device with computing capabilities.

[0077] Step S40: Update the current cycle arc state to the next cycle arc state.

[0078] After determining the arc state for the next cycle, the arc state for the current cycle is updated, so that when performing the next detection event, the arc state determined by the current detection event is used as the benchmark for state detection.

[0079] This embodiment analyzes PV power parameters to obtain fluctuation characteristic signals that reflect arcing phenomena and obtains the current cycle arc state. Then, based on the current cycle arc state, the fluctuation characteristic signals are used to determine the arc state of the next cycle and update the current cycle arc state. Based on accurate arc detection, the principle of this invention is simple and does not require additional components, thus avoiding increased costs.

[0080] Furthermore, in the second embodiment of the arc detection method of the present invention based on the first embodiment, the preset periodic window includes a first periodic window, the window feature includes voltage peak-to-peak value; the number of consecutive values ​​is 2; the fluctuation feature signal includes a first feature signal based on the first periodic window; step S20 includes the following steps:

[0081] Step S21: Determine whether the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range.

[0082] Step S22: If the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal.

[0083] The detection period of the first cycle window is set based on the time and amplitude range of the PV power parameters change during arc initiation. In specific applications, the time and amplitude range of the PV power parameters change during arc initiation can be detected under different voltages, currents, and wiring lengths between the PV module and the inverter, and the detection period of the first cycle window can be determined based on the detection results. The second cycle window is similar and will not be elaborated further. It should be noted that the first cycle window is used for detecting the dynamic arc state, and the second cycle window is used for detecting other arc states. Since the dynamic arc state changes rapidly, the detection period of the first cycle window is shorter than that of the second cycle window. At the same time, for ease of state detection, the detection period of the second cycle window is an integer multiple of the detection period of the first cycle window. In addition to setting the detection periods of the first and second cycle windows based on the actual voltage, current, and wiring length between the PV module and the inverter, a universally applicable detection period can also be determined based on the detection results. In this embodiment, through analysis of the detection results, the detection period of the first cycle window is set to 0.768ms, and the detection period of the second cycle window is set to 9.984ms.

[0084] The peak-to-peak voltage value refers to the difference between the highest and lowest signal values ​​within the first period window. The preset peak-to-peak value difference can be set according to the actual application scenario.

[0085] Step S22 includes:

[0086] Step S221: If the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of the voltage corresponding to two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range, then determine whether the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows have a unidirectional characteristic.

[0087] Step S222: If the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows have a unidirectional characteristic, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the second characteristic signal.

[0088] Step S223: If the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows do not have a unidirectional characteristic, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal.

[0089] The first characteristic signal is used to characterize the occurrence of arcing. Specifically, when the wave characteristic signal is determined to be the first characteristic signal, if the peak-to-peak voltage value of the first period window is greater than that of the second period window, the first characteristic signal is a green bar signal; if the peak-to-peak voltage value of the first period window is less than that of the second period window, the first characteristic signal is a red bar signal. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the red bar signal and green bar signal are named only according to the channel color of the oscilloscope for easy observation on the oscilloscope. The color is not used to describe the characteristics of the signal or the arcing state. The red bar signal and green bar signal can be replaced with other names as needed, such as first signal and second signal; the same applies to other signals named by color in the following text.

[0090] To prevent load disturbances or other interference factors from affecting the state judgment, a second characteristic signal is introduced based on the first characteristic signal. In this embodiment, the second characteristic signal is represented as a black bar signal. When the PV power parameters in two consecutive first periodic windows exhibit a unidirectional characteristic, the fluctuation characteristic signal is considered to be a black bar signal rather than the first characteristic signal. A unidirectional characteristic means that within the judgment window obtained by combining two consecutive first periodic windows, the PV power parameters maintain a continuous upward, downward, or unchanged trend over time. It is understood that within the same two consecutive first periodic windows, the fluctuation characteristic signal will not be simultaneously determined as both a black bar signal and the first characteristic signal.

[0091] To prevent load disturbances or other interference factors from affecting the state judgment, a third characteristic signal is introduced: the preset periodic window includes a first periodic window, and the window feature includes voltage peak-to-peak value; the consecutive quantity is 1; step S20 includes:

[0092] Step S23: Determine whether the peak-to-peak value of the voltage in the current window is greater than the preset maximum peak-to-peak value;

[0093] Step S24: If the peak-to-peak voltage value in the current window is greater than the preset maximum peak-to-peak value, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the third characteristic signal.

[0094] The third characteristic signal is used to characterize the oscillation characteristics of PV power parameters. In this case, it is considered that the system is oscillating, rather than arcing-related characteristics. In this embodiment, the third characteristic signal characterizes the white bar signal. It should be noted that the white bar signal is judged by the voltage of the current window. When judging in the current window, the fluctuation characteristic signal can be judged as the first characteristic signal and the white bar signal at the same time, or the black bar signal and the white bar signal, or it can be judged as the first characteristic signal, the black bar signal, or the white bar signal alone.

[0095] Further, the preset periodic window includes a second periodic window; the window feature includes an average voltage value; the consecutive number is 2; the second feature signal includes a fourth feature signal and a fifth feature signal based on the second periodic window; step S20 includes:

[0096] Step S25: Determine whether the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range.

[0097] Step S26: If the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range, then it is determined that the current average voltage is greater than or less than the previous average voltage.

[0098] Step S27: If the current average voltage is greater than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal;

[0099] Step S28: If the current average voltage is less than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal.

[0100] It should be noted that the order of determining whether the difference is within the preset average difference range and determining the magnitude between the preceding and following average voltage values ​​can be set as needed; for example, first determine the magnitude between the preceding and following average voltage values, and then determine whether the difference is within the preset average difference range.

[0101] In this embodiment, the fourth feature signal is the blue bar signal, and the fifth feature signal is the yellow bar signal.

[0102] To prevent load disturbances or other interference factors from affecting the status determination, a sixth and seventh characteristic signals are introduced: Following step S25, the following is included:

[0103] Step S29: If the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is greater than the maximum value of the preset average difference range, then it is determined that the current average voltage is greater than or less than the previous average voltage.

[0104] Step S2A: If the current average voltage is greater than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the sixth characteristic signal;

[0105] Step S2B: If the current average voltage is less than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the seventh characteristic signal.

[0106] In this embodiment, the sixth characteristic signal is the purple bar signal and the seventh characteristic signal is the orange bar signal; if the purple bar signal or the orange bar signal is detected, it is considered that the system does not exhibit arcing-related characteristics.

[0107] It should be noted that the judgment period for red, green, black, and white bar signals (i.e., the first period is shorter than the second period), and red, green, black, and white bar signals have higher priority. Conversely, the judgment period for yellow, orange, blue, and purple bar signals (i.e., the second period is longer than the first period), and yellow, orange, blue, and purple bar signals have lower priority. Signals with higher priority are judged first, along with signals with lower priority. If the first and second periods end simultaneously, the arc state for the next period is determined first based on the relevant signals of the first period, and then based on the relevant signals of the second period. It should also be noted that if the arc state for the next period determined based on the relevant signals of the first period differs from the arc state for the current period, the arc state for the current period is updated to reflect the arc state for the next period, and the process directly proceeds to the next state judgment period without further determining the arc state based on the relevant signals of the second period.

[0108] Furthermore, in the third embodiment of the arc detection method of the present invention based on the first embodiment, step S30 includes:

[0109] Step S31: Determine whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state;

[0110] Step S32: If the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advancing signal / retreating signal, then obtain the advancing order / retreating order, and determine the next cycle arc state according to the current cycle arc state and the advancing order / retreating order.

[0111] It is understandable that in the arc state, the normal state is the weakest state of arcing, and the arcing state is the strongest state of arcing. Therefore, between the normal state and the arcing state, moving closer to the normal state is considered a step backward, and moving closer to the arcing state is considered a step forward. It should be noted that since the arcing state is usually followed by relevant arc extinguishing processes to return to the normal state, the transition from the arcing state to the normal state is also considered a step forward.

[0112] In other words, the progressive signal represents the signal that the current period's arc state is approaching the arcing state, while the regressive signal represents the signal that the current period's arc state is approaching the normal state. It can be understood that for different arc states, there may be both progressive and regressive signals at the same time, or there may only be progressive signals, such as when the current period's arc state is the normal state.

[0113] It is understandable that the changes between arc states are not arbitrary, but follow certain transition rules. This application summarizes the transition rules into an advancement sequence and a demotion sequence. Specifically, the advancement sequence is: normal state - moving arc state - burning arc state - pulling arc state - normal state.

[0114] The progression sequence characterizes the arc state transitions in a complete arcing event. The arc state transitions sequentially from normal state to moving arc state to burning arc state to arcing state and back to normal state. It can be understood that the normal state, moving arc state, burning arc state, arcing state, and normal state are arranged according to the order of state transitions. That is, in the progression sequence, the moving arc state follows the normal state, the burning arc state follows the moving arc state, the arcing state follows the burning arc state, and the normal state follows the arcing state. The subsequent demotion sequence is similar and will not be elaborated further.

[0115] The demotion sequence includes a first demotion sequence, a second demotion sequence, and a third demotion sequence. The first demotion sequence is active arc state - extinguished arc state - normal state; the second demotion sequence is active arc state - normal state; and the third demotion sequence is active arc state - normal state.

[0116] The demotion sequence characterizes the arc state transition when arcing characteristics appear but an arcing event has not fully occurred; the first demotion sequence, the second demotion sequence, and the third demotion sequence respectively represent the transition paths from different arc states back to the normal state; it should be noted that the advancement sequence and the demotion sequence are not two separate and independent paths for judgment. The same arc state can be judged based on the actual fluctuation characteristic signal in the advancement sequence and the demotion sequence. For example, when the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advancement signal, the judgment is made in the advancement sequence; when the fluctuation characteristic signal is a demotion signal, the judgment is made in the demotion sequence. Specifically, step S32 includes:

[0117] Step S321: Determine the position of the current periodic arc state in the advancing / retreating sequence;

[0118] Step S322: The state following the current cycle arc state in the advancement / regression sequence is taken as the next cycle arc state.

[0119] Once it is clear that the current cycle arc state is transformed according to the progression / regression sequence, it is only necessary to determine the position of the current cycle arc state to determine the arc state of the next cycle based on the progression / regression sequence.

[0120] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the state transition flow of the arc state is indicated by the order of advancement and the order of retreat. In practical applications, the order of advancement and the order of retreat can be omitted, and the corresponding transition conditions and target arc states can be set directly for different arc states. The transition conditions are used to characterize the characteristics of the wave signal, and the target arc state is used to characterize the arc state to be implemented.

[0121] See Figure 2 Step S31 includes:

[0122] If the current periodic arc state is a normal state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0123] If a red or green bar signal is received when the current arc state is in a normal state, the arc state in the next cycle is determined to be in a moving arc state.

[0124] If the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0125] If the current periodic arc state is an arc burning state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0126] When the current cycle arc state is in the moving arc state and a yellow column signal is received, the next cycle arc state is determined to be in the burning arc state; and when the current cycle arc state is in the burning arc state and a blue column signal is received, the next cycle arc state is determined to be in the pulling arc state. Furthermore, a preset burning arc detection time is set. If a blue column signal is received within the preset burning arc detection time, the next cycle arc state is determined to be in the pulling arc state. The preset burning arc detection time can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, it is 20ms.

[0127] If the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first step-down signal, and the first step-down signal corresponds to the first step-down sequence.

[0128] If the current cycle arc state is an extinguished state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first regression signal. The first regression signal corresponds to the first regression order, that is, if the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first regression signal, then the arc state of the next cycle is determined based on the first regression order; the second regression signal and the third regression signal are similar and will not be described again.

[0129] When the current cycle arc state is in the active arc state, if a blue bar signal is received first, followed by a yellow bar signal, then the arc pulling state is determined to be in a normal state. Furthermore, between the active arc state and the normal state, there exists a process state, namely the arc extinguishing state. Therefore, when the current cycle arc state is in the active arc state and a blue bar signal is received, the next cycle arc state can be determined to be in the arc extinguishing state; and when the current cycle arc state is in the arc extinguishing state and a yellow bar signal is received, the next cycle arc state can be determined to be in a normal state. Furthermore, a preset arc extinguishing detection time is set. When a yellow bar signal is received within the preset arc extinguishing detection time, the next cycle arc state is determined to be in a normal state. The preset arc extinguishing detection time can be set according to actual needs; in this embodiment, it is 20ms.

[0130] If the current periodic arc state is an arcing state, and no first characteristic signal is detected within the preset arcing time, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0131] The timing starts from the current period when the arc state is set to the arcing state. If no first characteristic signal is detected within the time period of the preset arcing time, it is considered that the current arcing has ended and the normal state is entered. It should be noted that the preset detection time can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the preset detection time is 2 seconds.

[0132] It should be noted that in this embodiment, timeout periods are set for the active arc state, the burning arc state, and the extinguished arc state respectively. When the arc state in the current cycle is continuously in any single state of active arc state, burning arc state, or extinguished arc state for a preset timeout period, the arc state in the next cycle is set to the normal state. It should be noted that the preset timeout period can be set according to actual needs, and different preset timeout periods can be set for different arc states.

[0133] The foregoing embodiments describe the basic arc state transitions. Further, in another embodiment, to prevent load disturbances or other interference factors from affecting the state judgment, black, white, purple, and orange bar signals are introduced; specifically, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 ;

[0134] The step of determining the wave characteristic signal as an advanced signal if the current periodic arc state is normal and the wave characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal includes:

[0135] If the current periodic arc state is normal, the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal, and no third characteristic signal is detected at present, and the second characteristic signal count is 0, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal. The second characteristic signal count is incremented / decremented by 1 when the fluctuation characteristic signal is / is not the second characteristic signal, and the second characteristic signal count B≥0.

[0136] Since the detection of a white bar signal indicates that the system is oscillating rather than exhibiting arcing-related characteristics, the system remains in a normal state even if a red or green bar signal is detected at this time. The same applies to black bar signals. Only when a red or green bar signal is detected and the second characteristic signal count is 0 is the arcing-related characteristic considered to have occurred, at which point the system transitions from a normal state to a dynamic arcing state.

[0137] It should be noted that when initializing or transitioning from another arc state to a normal state, the second characteristic signal count is cleared to zero, and the minimum second characteristic signal count is 0. If the second characteristic signal count is 1 and no black column signal is detected in the new first cycle window, then the second characteristic signal count is 1-1=0. When the second characteristic signal count is 0 and no black column signal is detected in the latest first cycle window, the second characteristic signal count remains at 0. When a black column signal is detected again, the second characteristic signal count is 0+1=1.

[0138] The step of determining the wave characteristic signal as an advanced signal if the current periodic arc state is an arcing state and the wave characteristic signal is a fourth characteristic signal includes:

[0139] If the current periodic arc state is an arcing state, the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, and the seventh characteristic signal count is 0, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal, and the seventh characteristic signal count increments by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the seventh characteristic signal.

[0140] It should be noted that the seventh characteristic signal count is reset to zero during initialization or when an arc state transition occurs; the counts of other characteristic signals are processed similarly, and will not be elaborated further. Since the system is considered to have no arc-related characteristics when an orange column signal is detected, even if a blue column signal is detected after the orange column signal is detected, the system is still considered not to have reached the arc state, and will not transition to the arc state. Only when no orange column signal is detected before the blue column signal is detected is it considered that arc-related characteristics have occurred, at which point the system transitions from the burning arc state to the arc state.

[0141] The step of determining whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state includes:

[0142] If the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state, and the count of the third characteristic signal is greater than the third preset count threshold, or the count of the first characteristic signal is greater than the first preset count threshold, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the second step-down signal, the second step-down signal corresponds to the second step-down sequence, the count of the third characteristic signal is incremented by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the third characteristic signal, and the count of the first characteristic signal is incremented by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the first characteristic signal.

[0143] The third characteristic signal is accumulated while in the moving arc state; that is, it increments by 1 whenever a white bar signal appears. The third characteristic signal accumulates when it reaches the third preset counting threshold N. W When the arc-related characteristics have disappeared, the system returns to a normal state. The same applies to the first characteristic signal, which will not be elaborated further. It should be noted that the first characteristic signal includes red bar signals and green bar signals. Red bar characteristic signal counts can be set for red bar signals and green bar characteristic signal counts can be set for green bar signals. When the red bar characteristic signal count exceeds a preset red bar count threshold N... R Or the green bar feature signal count is greater than the preset green bar count threshold N. G When the arc-related characteristics have disappeared, the system returns to a normal state. Alternatively, the total number of occurrences of the red and green bar signals can be counted by counting the first characteristic signal. When the total number of occurrences of the red and green bar signals exceeds the first preset counting threshold, the system returns to a normal state.

[0144] It should be noted that the preset counting threshold can be set based on the actual application scenario, and different values ​​can be set for different feature signals.

[0145] Furthermore, if the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is a purple column signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is a first step-down signal, and the arc is switched to an extinguished state;

[0146] The step of determining whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state includes:

[0147] If the current periodic arc state is an arcing state, and the fifth characteristic signal count is greater than the fifth preset count threshold, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the third step-down signal, the third step-down signal corresponds to the third step-down sequence, and the fifth characteristic signal count increments by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the fifth characteristic signal.

[0148] If the arc state is in the burning state during the current cycle, and the yellow column signal is detected, it is considered that the arc-related characteristics are weakening. Therefore, the yellow column signal is counted, and when the count of the fifth characteristic signal is greater than the fifth preset counting threshold N, the arc-related characteristics are considered to be weakening. Y At that time, it was assumed that the arc-related characteristics had disappeared and the system had returned to normal.

[0149] It should be noted that the above description only addresses the fluctuation characteristic signals that cause changes in the arc state. Different arc states have different sensitivities to different signals. For example, the burning arc state is not sensitive to black and white column signals. Therefore, detecting a white column signal in the burning arc state will not affect the transition of the arc state. Thus, the above description does not address the determination of the arc state in the next cycle based on black and white column signals in the burning arc state. The same applies to other types of arc states. In other embodiments, the fluctuation characteristic signal can also be determined based on the current cycle arc state. That is, it is considered a fluctuation characteristic signal only when the current cycle arc state is sensitive to the characteristics of PV power parameters. For example, if the current cycle arc state is the burning arc state, even if a white column signal is detected, it is not considered that a fluctuation characteristic signal has been generated. Only when yellow, blue, or orange column signals are detected is it considered that a fluctuation characteristic signal has been generated.

[0150] It should be noted that when setting the arc state to a new arc state, the previously detected fluctuation characteristic signals are discarded. That is, in subsequent arc state determinations, only the newly detected fluctuation characteristic signals are used for determination. Based on the characteristics of the arcing phenomenon, this embodiment sets corresponding determination conditions for different arcing states, enabling accurate determination of the arc state in the next cycle.

[0151] Based on the characteristics of arcing, this embodiment sets corresponding determination conditions for different arcing states, so as to accurately determine the arc state of the next cycle.

[0152] Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment of the arc detection method of the present invention based on the first embodiment of the present invention, the step S20 is followed by the following step:

[0153] Step S40: If the arc state in the next cycle is an arcing state, a fault warning is triggered.

[0154] Step S50: If the arc state in the next cycle changes from the arc pulling state to another state, then calculate the arc energy during the duration when the arc state in the next cycle is the arc pulling state.

[0155] Step S60: Perform the protection operation corresponding to the electric arc energy.

[0156] When the arc state for the next cycle is determined to be arcing, arcing has already occurred. Therefore, it needs to be addressed to avoid serious impact on the photovoltaic system. Fault warnings can be used to alert users, such as sending fault information to the corresponding interactive module; fault warnings can also be used to alert devices, such as setting a fault warning bit. It should be noted that if this method is applied to a state machine, an alarm signal containing the fault warning bit can be sent to the device used to handle arcing faults, such as the management chip in the photovoltaic system. If this method is applied to the device in the photovoltaic system used to handle arcing faults, such as the management chip, the fault warning bit of the management chip can be directly set.

[0157] Arc energy is used to characterize the intensity of arcing energy; specifically, arc energy Q:

[0158] Q = pt = vit

[0159] Where p is the power, t is the duration of the arcing state, v is the arc voltage, and i is the arc current, which is the string or branch current of the photovoltaic module. Specifically, the arc current can be acquired starting when the arcing state of the next cycle is determined to be arcing. At the end of the arcing state, the circuit data during the duration of the arcing state are collected, and the arc energy is calculated.

[0160] It is understandable that different levels of arc energy correspond to different arcing intensities, and therefore, different protection operations are required. The protection operations for the corresponding arc energy can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the energy and time levels specified in the photovoltaic (PV) DC arc protection safety standard UL 1699B-2018UL are used to match the corresponding level range of arc energy, and then the corresponding protection operation is matched according to the level range. It should be noted that the specific protection operation can be adjusted based on modifications to relevant standards or actual needs.

[0161] This embodiment can promptly issue alarms and perform protective operations when arcing is detected, thus preventing arcing from having an excessive impact on the photovoltaic system.

[0162] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0163] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0164] This application also provides an arc detection device for implementing the above-described arc detection method, the arc detection device comprising:

[0165] The first detection module is used to detect PV power parameters in real time and analyze the PV power parameters within a preset period window to obtain the window features corresponding to the preset period window.

[0166] The first determining module is used to determine the fluctuation characteristic signal based on the window characteristics corresponding to a consecutive number of preset periodic windows, including the current window.

[0167] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the current cycle arc state and determine the next cycle arc state based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal.

[0168] The first update module is used to update the current cycle arc state to the next cycle arc state.

[0169] This arc detection device analyzes PV power parameters to obtain fluctuation characteristic signals that reflect the arc phenomenon and obtains the current cycle arc state. Then, based on the current cycle arc state, it uses the fluctuation characteristic signals to determine the arc state of the next cycle and updates the current cycle arc state. While accurately detecting arc, the principle of this invention is simple, and it does not require additional components, thus avoiding increased costs.

[0170] It should be noted that the first detection module in this embodiment can be used to execute step S10 in this application embodiment, the first determination module in this embodiment can be used to execute step S20 in this application embodiment, the first acquisition module in this embodiment can be used to execute step S30 in this application embodiment, and the first update module in this embodiment can be used to execute step S40 in this application embodiment.

[0171] Further, the preset periodic window includes a first periodic window, the window feature includes voltage peak-to-peak value; the consecutive number is 2; the fluctuation feature signal includes a first feature signal based on the first periodic window; the first determining module includes:

[0172] The first judgment submodule is used to determine whether the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range.

[0173] The first execution submodule is configured to use the fluctuation characteristic signal as the first characteristic signal if the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range.

[0174] Optionally, the first execution submodule includes:

[0175] The first judgment unit is used to determine whether the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows have a unidirectional characteristic if the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of the voltages corresponding to two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range.

[0176] The first execution unit is configured to, if the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows have a unidirectional characteristic, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the second characteristic signal;

[0177] The second execution unit is configured to, if the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows do not have a unidirectional characteristic, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal.

[0178] Optionally, the preset periodic window includes a first periodic window, the window feature including voltage peak-to-peak value; the consecutive number is 1; the first determining module includes:

[0179] The second judgment submodule is used to determine whether the peak-to-peak value of the voltage in the current window is greater than the preset maximum peak-to-peak value;

[0180] The second execution submodule is used to determine the fluctuation characteristic signal as the third characteristic signal if the peak-to-peak value of the voltage in the current window is greater than the preset maximum peak-to-peak value.

[0181] Optionally, the preset periodic window includes a second periodic window; the window feature includes an average voltage value; the consecutive number is 2; the second feature signal includes a fourth feature signal and a fifth feature signal based on the second periodic window; the first determining module includes:

[0182] The third judgment submodule is used to determine whether the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range.

[0183] The fourth judgment submodule is used to determine whether the current average voltage is greater than or less than the previous average voltage if the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range.

[0184] The third execution submodule is used to determine the fluctuation characteristic signal as a fourth characteristic signal if the current average voltage value is greater than the previous average voltage value.

[0185] The fourth execution submodule is used to determine the fluctuation characteristic signal as the fifth characteristic signal if the current average voltage value is less than the previous average voltage value.

[0186] Optionally, the first determining module further includes:

[0187] The fifth judgment submodule is used to determine whether the current average voltage is greater than or less than the previous average voltage if the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is greater than the maximum value of the preset average difference range.

[0188] The fifth execution submodule is configured to, if the current average voltage is greater than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the sixth characteristic signal;

[0189] The sixth execution submodule is used to make the fluctuation characteristic signal the seventh characteristic signal if the current average voltage value is less than the previous average voltage value.

[0190] Optionally, the first acquisition module includes:

[0191] The first determining submodule is used to determine whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state.

[0192] The first acquisition submodule is used to acquire the advancement sequence / regression sequence if the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advancement signal / regression signal, and determine the arc state of the next cycle according to the current cycle arc state and the advancement sequence / regression sequence.

[0193] Optionally, the progression sequence is normal state - active arc state - burning arc state - pulling arc state - normal state, and the regression sequence includes a first regression sequence, a second regression sequence, and a third regression sequence. The first regression sequence is active arc state - extinguished arc state - normal state, the second regression sequence is active arc state - normal state, and the third regression sequence is burning arc state - normal state; the first acquisition submodule includes:

[0194] The first determining unit is used to determine the position of the current periodic arc state in the advancing / retreating sequence;

[0195] The third execution unit is used to take the state after the current cycle arc state in the advancement sequence / demotion sequence as the next cycle arc state.

[0196] Optionally, the first determining submodule includes:

[0197] The fourth execution unit is configured to, if the current periodic arc state is a normal state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is a first characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0198] The fifth execution unit is configured to, if the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0199] The sixth execution unit is configured to, if the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is a fourth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is a first step-down signal, and the first step-down signal corresponds to a first step-down sequence.

[0200] The seventh execution unit is configured to, if the current period arc state is an arcing state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is a fourth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal;

[0201] The eighth execution unit is configured to determine the fluctuation characteristic signal as an advanced signal if the current period arc state is an arcing state and no first characteristic signal is detected within a preset arcing time.

[0202] The ninth execution unit is configured to, if the current period arc state is an arc-extinguished state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first step-down signal.

[0203] Optionally, the fourth execution unit includes:

[0204] The first execution subunit is configured to, if the current periodic arc state is normal, the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal, and no third characteristic signal is detected at present, and the second characteristic signal count is 0, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal, and the second characteristic signal count is incremented / decremented by 1 when the fluctuation characteristic signal is / is not the second characteristic signal, and the second characteristic signal count is ≥0.

[0205] Optionally, the seventh execution unit includes:

[0206] The second execution subunit is configured to, if the current period arc state is an arcing state, the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, and the seventh characteristic signal count is 0, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal, and the seventh characteristic signal count is incremented by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the seventh characteristic signal.

[0207] Optionally, the first determining submodule includes:

[0208] The tenth execution unit is configured to, if the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state, the third characteristic signal count is greater than the third preset count threshold, or the first characteristic signal count is greater than the first preset count threshold, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is a second step-down signal, the second step-down signal corresponds to a second step-down sequence, the third characteristic signal count is incremented by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the third characteristic signal, and the first characteristic signal count is incremented by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the first characteristic signal.

[0209] Optionally, the first determining submodule includes:

[0210] The eleventh execution unit is configured to, if the current period arc state is an arcing state and the fifth characteristic signal count is greater than the fifth preset counting threshold, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the third step-down signal, the third step-down signal corresponds to the third step-down sequence, and the fifth characteristic signal count is incremented by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the fifth characteristic signal.

[0211] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0212] The first triggering module is used to trigger a fault warning if the arc state in the next cycle is an arcing state;

[0213] The first calculation module is used to calculate the arc energy during the duration of the arc state in the next cycle when the arc state changes from the arc state to another state.

[0214] The first execution module is used to perform protection operations corresponding to the electric arc energy.

[0215] It should be noted that the examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above embodiments. It should also be noted that the above modules, as part of the device, can be implemented in software or hardware, wherein the hardware environment includes a network environment.

[0216] Reference Figure 4 In terms of hardware structure, the electronic device may include components such as a communication module 10, a memory 20, and a processor 30. In the electronic device, the processor 30 is connected to both the memory 20 and the communication module 10. The memory 20 stores a computer program, which is executed by the processor 30. When the computer program is executed, it implements the steps of the above-described method embodiments.

[0217] The communication module 10 can connect to external communication devices via a network. The communication module 10 can receive requests from the external communication devices and can also send requests, instructions, and information to the external communication devices. The external communication devices can be other electronic devices, servers, or IoT devices, such as televisions, etc.

[0218] The memory 20 can be used to store software programs and various data. The memory 20 may primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as real-time monitoring of PV power parameters), etc.; the data storage area may include a database, and may store data or information created based on system usage. Furthermore, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0219] The processor 30 is the control center of the electronic device. It connects various parts of the electronic device via various interfaces and lines. By running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 20, and by calling data stored in the memory 20, it performs various functions and processes data, thereby providing overall monitoring of the electronic device. The processor 30 may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 30 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and applications, while the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 30.

[0220] although Figure 4 Not shown, but the above-described electronic device may further include a circuit control module for connecting to a power supply to ensure the normal operation of other components. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 4 The electronic device structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0221] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. The computer-readable storage medium may be... Figure 4The memory 20 in the electronic device may also be at least one of ROM (Read-Only Memory) / RAM (Random Access Memory), magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. The computer-readable storage medium includes a number of instructions to cause a terminal device with a processor (which may be a television, automobile, mobile phone, computer, server, terminal, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0222] In this invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and "fifth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0223] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0224] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. It is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, and substitutions to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention, and such changes, modifications, and substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting arcing, characterized in that, The method includes: Real-time detection of PV power parameters, and analysis of the PV power parameters within a preset period window to obtain the window features corresponding to the preset period window; The fluctuation characteristic signal is determined based on the window characteristics corresponding to a consecutive number of the preset periodic windows, including the current window. The current cycle arc state is obtained, and the next cycle arc state is determined based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal. Update the current cycle arc state to the next cycle arc state; The step of determining the arc state of the next cycle based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal includes: Determine whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state; If the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advancing signal / retreating signal, then the advancing order / retreating order is obtained, and the arc state of the next cycle is determined according to the current cycle arc state and the advancing order / retreating order. The progression sequence is normal state - active arc state - burning arc state - pulling arc state - normal state. The regression sequence includes a first regression sequence, a second regression sequence, and a third regression sequence. The first regression sequence is active arc state - extinguished arc state - normal state, the second regression sequence is active arc state - normal state, and the third regression sequence is burning arc state - normal state. The step of determining the arc state of the next cycle based on the current cycle arc state and the advancement / regression sequence includes: Determine the position of the current cycle arc state in the advancing / retreating sequence; The state following the current cycle arc state in the advancement / regression sequence is taken as the next cycle arc state.

2. The arc detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preset periodic window includes a first periodic window, and the window feature includes voltage peak-to-peak value; the number of consecutive values ​​is 2; the fluctuation feature signal includes a first feature signal based on the first periodic window; The step of determining the fluctuation characteristic signal based on the window characteristics corresponding to a consecutive number of preset periodic windows, including the current window, includes: Determine whether the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range; If the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal.

3. The arc detection method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the fluctuation characteristic signal as the first characteristic signal if the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of two consecutive first periodic windows falls within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range includes: If the difference between the peak-to-peak values ​​of the voltage corresponding to two consecutive first periodic windows is within a preset peak-to-peak value difference range, then it is determined whether the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows have a unidirectional characteristic. If the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows have a unidirectional characteristic, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the second characteristic signal; If the PV power parameters in the two consecutive first periodic windows do not have a unidirectional characteristic, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal.

4. The arc detection method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The preset periodic window includes a first periodic window, and the window features include voltage peak-to-peak value; The consecutive quantity is 1; the step of determining the fluctuation characteristic signal based on the window characteristics corresponding to a consecutive number of the preset period windows, including the current window, includes: Determine whether the peak-to-peak value of the voltage in the current window is greater than the preset maximum peak-to-peak value; If the peak-to-peak voltage value in the current window is greater than the preset maximum peak-to-peak value, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the third characteristic signal.

5. The arc detection method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The preset periodic window includes a second periodic window; the window feature includes an average voltage value; the consecutive number is 2; the second feature signal includes a fourth feature signal and a fifth feature signal based on the second periodic window; The step of determining the fluctuation characteristic signal based on the window characteristics corresponding to a consecutive number of preset periodic windows, including the current window, includes: Determine whether the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range; If the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range, then it is determined that the current average voltage is greater than or less than the previous average voltage. If the current average voltage is greater than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal; If the current average voltage is less than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal.

6. The arc detection method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, After the step of determining whether the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is within a preset average difference range, the following is included: If the difference between the current average voltage of the current window and the previous average voltage of the previous window is greater than the maximum value of the preset average difference range, then it is determined that the current average voltage is greater than or less than the previous average voltage. If the current average voltage is greater than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the sixth characteristic signal; If the current average voltage is less than the previous average voltage, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the seventh characteristic signal.

7. The arc detection method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state includes: If the current periodic arc state is a normal state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal; If the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal; If the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first step-down signal, and the first step-down signal corresponds to the first step-down sequence. If the current periodic arc state is an arc burning state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal; If the current periodic arc state is an arcing state, and no first characteristic signal is detected within the preset arcing time, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal; If the current periodic arc state is an arc-extinguished state and the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fifth characteristic signal, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first degraded signal.

8. The arc detection method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The step of determining the wave characteristic signal as an advanced signal if the current periodic arc state is normal and the wave characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal includes: If the current periodic arc state is normal, the fluctuation characteristic signal is the first characteristic signal, and no third characteristic signal is detected at present, and the second characteristic signal count is 0, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal. The second characteristic signal count is incremented / decremented by 1 when the fluctuation characteristic signal is / is not the second characteristic signal, and the second characteristic signal count is ≥0.

9. The arc detection method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The step of determining the wave characteristic signal as an advanced signal if the current periodic arc state is an arcing state and the wave characteristic signal is a fourth characteristic signal includes: If the current periodic arc state is an arcing state, the fluctuation characteristic signal is the fourth characteristic signal, and the seventh characteristic signal count is 0, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal, and the seventh characteristic signal count increments by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the seventh characteristic signal.

10. The arc detection method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state includes: If the current periodic arc state is a moving arc state, and the count of the third characteristic signal is greater than the third preset count threshold, or the count of the first characteristic signal is greater than the first preset count threshold, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the second step-down signal, the second step-down signal corresponds to the second step-down sequence, the count of the third characteristic signal is incremented by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the third characteristic signal, and the count of the first characteristic signal is incremented by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the first characteristic signal.

11. The arc detection method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state includes: If the current periodic arc state is an arcing state, and the fifth characteristic signal count is greater than the fifth preset count threshold, then the fluctuation characteristic signal is the third step-down signal, the third step-down signal corresponds to the third step-down sequence, and the five characteristic signal count increments by 1 when the fluctuation signal is the fifth characteristic signal.

12. The arc detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Following the step of determining the arc state of the next cycle based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal, the following is included: If the arc state in the next cycle is an arcing state, a fault warning is triggered; If the arc state in the next cycle changes from the arcing state to another state, then calculate the arc energy during the duration when the arc state in the next cycle is the arcing state. Perform the protection operation corresponding to the electric arc energy.

13. An arc detection device, characterized in that, The arc detection device includes: The first detection module is used to detect PV power parameters in real time and analyze the PV power parameters within a preset period window to obtain the window features corresponding to the preset period window. The first determining module is used to determine the fluctuation characteristic signal based on the window characteristics corresponding to a consecutive number of the preset periodic windows, including the current window. The first acquisition module is used to acquire the current cycle arc state and determine the next cycle arc state based on the current cycle arc state and the fluctuation characteristic signal. The first update module is used to update the current cycle arc state to the next cycle arc state; The first acquisition module includes: The first determining submodule is used to determine whether the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advanced signal / regressed signal based on the current periodic arc state. The first acquisition submodule is used to acquire the advancement sequence / regression sequence if the fluctuation characteristic signal is an advancement signal / regression signal, and determine the arc state of the next cycle according to the current cycle arc state and the advancement sequence / regression sequence. The progression sequence is normal state - active arc state - burning arc state - pulling arc state - normal state. The regression sequence includes a first regression sequence, a second regression sequence, and a third regression sequence. The first regression sequence is active arc state - extinguished arc state - normal state; the second regression sequence is active arc state - normal state; and the third regression sequence is burning arc state - normal state. The first acquisition submodule includes: The first determining unit is used to determine the position of the current periodic arc state in the advancing / retreating sequence; The third execution unit is used to take the state after the current cycle arc state in the advancement sequence / demotion sequence as the next cycle arc state.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the arc detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the arc detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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