Machining machine

Abstract

The machining machine is provided with a protective plate (181), a tool spindle (121) arranged inside a machining area (110) for holding a tool, and an automatic tool changer (141) capable of moving between an in-machine tool changing position (Pb) inside the machining area (110) and a standby position (Pa) outside the machining area (110) to change the tool held by the tool spindle (121) at the in-machine tool changing position (Pb). The protective plate (181) has a cover (612) connected with the automatic tool changer (141) to divide the machining area (110) when the automatic tool changer (141) is positioned at the standby position (Pa) and to enter the inside of the machining area (110) when the automatic tool changer (141) moves from the standby position (Pa) to the in-machine tool changing position (Pb).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] For example, in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 4-128134 (Patent Literature 1), there is disclosed an NC lathe provided with a main tool changer having an intermediate tool holder, and a sub tool changer which hands over a tool between a tool magazine and the intermediate tool holder. The main tool changer moves from a tool receiving position in a machining area on the tool magazine side to an optimum Z-axis exchange position in the machining area, and exchanges a tool between the intermediate tool holder and a tool rest.

[0003] Further, in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009-34803 (Patent Literature 2), there is disclosed a machine tool provided with a tool changer which moves between a tool magazine position and an exchange position to convey a tool, and a shield which covers a machining area. The tool changer moves to an exchange position selected from a plurality of exchange positions, and exchanges a tool between the tool changer and a tool spindle. In the shield, a shutter is arranged corresponding to each of the plurality of exchange positions.

[0004] PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS

[0005] PATENT LITERATURE

[0006] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 4-128134

[0007] Patent Literature 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009-34803 SUMMARY

[0008] PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0009] In the NC lathe disclosed in Patent Literature 1, the main tool changer stands by at the tool receiving position in the machining area in a state where a tool for the next process is inserted into the intermediate tool holder. In this case, the main tool changer at the standby position is exposed to the atmosphere in the machining area, and therefore, there is a possibility that cutting oil or chips and the like adhere to the main tool changer.

[0010] Further, in the machine tool disclosed in Patent Literature 2, the tool exchange is performed between the tool spindle in the machining area and the tool changer which moves outside the machining area, and therefore, the shutter which can be opened and closed is provided in the shield. In this case, a space for the opening and closing operation of the shutter needs to be ensured, and therefore, the machine tool is increased in size.

[0011] Therefore, an object of the present application is to provide a machine tool which solves the above-described problems, and which can be reduced in size while preventing cutting oil or chips and the like from adhering to the automatic tool changer.

[0012] SOLUTION TO PROBLEM

[0013] The machining apparatus according to the present application includes a shield plate for partitioning a machining region, a tool holder provided inside the machining region for holding a tool, and an automatic tool changer movable between a first tool changing position inside the machining region and a standby position outside the machining region, the tool held by the tool holder being changed at the first tool changing position. The shield plate has a cover body coupled to the automatic tool changer, partitioning the machining region when the automatic tool changer is positioned at the standby position, and entering the inside of the machining region when the automatic tool changer moves from the standby position to the first tool changing position.

[0014] According to the machining apparatus thus configured, when the automatic tool changer is positioned at the standby position outside the machining region, the cover body partitions the machining region, so that the cutting oil or the chips and the like in the machining region can be prevented from adhering to the automatic tool changer. In addition, when the automatic tool changer moves from the standby position to the first tool changing position inside the machining region, the cover body enters the inside of the machining region together with the automatic tool changer, so that the size of the machining apparatus can be suppressed to be small.

[0015] In addition, it is preferable that the machining apparatus further includes a workpiece spindle for holding a workpiece so that the workpiece rotates about a rotational axis parallel to the horizontal direction. The automatic tool changer is movable in the axial direction of the rotational axis inside the machining region.

[0016] According to the machining apparatus thus configured, the automatic tool changer moves in the direction of the rotational axis of the workpiece spindle inside the machining region, so that the automatic tool changer and the tool holder can be brought close to each other in a shorter time. Thus, the time required for tool changing between the automatic tool changer and the tool holder can be shortened.

[0017] In addition, it is preferable that the machining apparatus further includes a tool magazine provided outside the machining region for accommodating a plurality of tools. The automatic tool changer is further movable between the standby position and a second tool changing position outside the machining region, the tool being changed between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer at the second tool changing position. The machining apparatus further includes a first coupling mechanism operable between a first state in which the automatic tool changer is coupled to the cover body when the automatic tool changer is positioned at the standby position, and a second state in which the coupling between the automatic tool changer and the cover body is released when the automatic tool changer moves from the standby position to the second tool changing position.

[0018] In this machining machine, when the automatic tool changer is positioned in the standby position, the first connecting mechanism connects the automatic tool changer to the housing, allowing the housing and the automatic tool changer to immediately enter the machining area together when changing the tool held in the tool holder. Furthermore, when the automatic tool changer moves from the standby position to the second tool change position, the connection between the automatic tool changer and the housing via the first connecting mechanism is released, thereby maintaining the state where the machining area is divided by the housing, and ensuring that only the automatic tool changer faces the second tool change position where the tool magazine is located.

[0019] Furthermore, preferably, the protective plate also has a protective plate body, which has an opening for accommodating the cover when the automatic tool changer is positioned in the standby position. The machining machine also has a second connecting mechanism that can operate between a third state and a fourth state, wherein the third state is a state in which the protective plate body and the cover are connected when the automatic tool changer is positioned in the standby position, and the fourth state is a state in which the connection between the protective plate body and the cover is released when the automatic tool changer moves from the standby position to the first tool changer position.

[0020] In this machining machine, when the automatic tool changer is positioned in the standby position, the second connecting mechanism connects the guard plate body and the cover, thereby more firmly fixing the cover to the guard plate body. This reliably prevents leakage of cutting oil or chips from the inside of the machining area to the outside. Furthermore, when the automatic tool changer moves from the standby position to the first tool change position, the connection between the guard plate body and the cover via the second connecting mechanism is released, allowing the cover to separate from the guard plate body before entering the machining area.

[0021] Furthermore, preferably, the automatic tool changer has an arm including a gripping part capable of holding the tool and rotating about a rotation axis parallel to the horizontal direction. A cover is disposed on the side of the arm.

[0022] In this type of machining machine, the cover is positioned to the side of the arm. Therefore, when changing tools between the automatic tool changer and the tool holder, interference between the arm and the cover can be avoided, as the arm rotates around a rotation axis parallel to the horizontal direction.

[0023] The effects of the invention

[0024] As described above, according to the present invention, a machining machine can be provided that is miniaturized while preventing cutting oil or chips from adhering to the automatic tool changer. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1is a front view showing a machining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the machining apparatus in Figure 1

[0027] Figure 3 is a perspective view showing Figure 1

[0028] Figure 4 is a perspective view showing Figure 1

[0029] Figure 5 is a front view schematically showing Figure 1

[0030] Figure 6 is a front view schematically showing Figure 1

[0031] Figure 7 is a front view schematically showing Figure 1

[0032] Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the machining apparatus in a case where the automatic tool changer is positioned to the standby position.

[0033] Figure 9 is another perspective view showing the machining apparatus in a case where the automatic tool changer is positioned to the standby position.

[0034] Figure 10 is a perspective view showing the machining apparatus in a case where the automatic tool changer is positioned to the in-machine tool changer position.

[0035] Figure 11 is another perspective view showing the machining apparatus in a case where the automatic tool changer is positioned to the in-machine tool changer position.

[0036] Figure 12 is an enlarged perspective view showing Figure 9

[0037] Figure 13 is a sectional view showing a range enclosed by a double-dot chain line XIII in Figure 12

[0038] Figure 14 is a perspective view showing​​​​​​​​Figure 12 a cross-sectional view of the range surrounded by the double-dotted line XV in FIG. 15.

[0039] Figure 15 Figure 12 a cross-sectional view of the range surrounded by the double-dotted line XV in FIG. 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in the drawings referred to below, the same or equivalent components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0041] Figure 1 is a front view showing a machining tool in an embodiment of the present application. In Figure 1 the inside of the machining tool is shown by seeing through an outer cover constituting the appearance of the machining tool in FIG. 14. Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the disassembly of a tool spindle and an additional machining head for the machining tool in Figure 1

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the machining tool 100 is an AM / SM hybrid machining tool that can perform additional machining (AM (Additive Manufacturing) machining) of a workpiece and removal machining (SM (Subtractive Manufacturing) machining) of the workpiece. The machining tool 100 has a turning function using a fixed tool and a milling function using a rotary tool as functions of the SM machining.

[0043] The machining tool 100 is an NC (Numerically Control) machining tool that automates various actions for machining a workpiece by numerical control by a computer.

[0044] In addition, in the present specification, an axis parallel to the left-right direction (width direction) of the machining tool 100 and extending in the horizontal direction is referred to as a "Z-axis (1st axis)", an axis parallel to the front-rear direction (depth direction) of the machining tool 100 and extending in the horizontal direction is referred to as a "Y-axis (2nd axis)", and an axis extending in the vertical direction is referred to as an "X-axis". The right direction in Figure 1 is referred to as a "+Z-axis direction", and the left direction is referred to as a "-Z-axis direction". The front direction of the paper surface in Figure 1 is referred to as a "+Y-axis direction", and the back direction is referred to as a "-Y-axis direction". The upper direction in Figure 1 is referred to as a "+X-axis direction", and the lower direction is referred to as a "-X-axis direction". The X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are three axes orthogonal to each other.

[0045] ​​First, the overall configuration of the machine tool 100 will be described. The machine tool 100 has a guard 181. The guard 181 divides a machining area 110 for machining a workpiece.

[0046] The machine tool 100 also has a machine base 151, a first workpiece spindle 111, a second workpiece spindle 116, and a tool holder (not shown).

[0047] The machine base 151 is a base member for supporting the first workpiece spindle 111, the second workpiece spindle 116, and the tool holder, and is provided on the floor of a factory or the like.

[0048] The first workpiece spindle 111 and the second workpiece spindle 116 are arranged opposite to each other in the Z-axis direction. The first workpiece spindle 111 and the second workpiece spindle 116 are configured so as to hold a workpiece. A chuck mechanism (not shown) for detachably holding a workpiece is provided to the first workpiece spindle 111 and the second workpiece spindle 116. The first workpiece spindle 111 mainly rotates the held workpiece about a rotation axis 501 parallel to the Z-axis at the time of turning processing of the workpiece using a fixed tool. The second workpiece spindle 116 mainly rotates the held workpiece about a rotation axis 502 parallel to the Z-axis at the time of turning processing of the workpiece using a fixed tool.

[0049] The first workpiece spindle 111 is fixed to the machine base 151. The second workpiece spindle 116 is provided so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction by various conveyance mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors or the like. The second workpiece spindle 116 can also be a structure fixed to the machine base 151. Instead of the second workpiece spindle 116, a tailstock for supporting the rotation center of the workpiece held to the first workpiece spindle 111 can be provided.

[0050] The tool holder (not shown) is provided in the machining area 110. The tool holder is configured so as to hold a plurality of fixed tools for removal processing (turning processing) of the workpiece. The tool holder is supported by the machine base 151 by means of a bed saddle or the like, not shown. The tool holder is provided so as to be movable in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction by various conveyance mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors or the like provided to the bed saddle or the like. The tool holder can also have a milling function of rotating a rotary tool.

[0051] The machine tool 100 also has a first vertical frame 152, a second vertical frame 153, a first horizontal frame 154, and a second horizontal frame 311 (refer to FIG. 2 appearing later). Figure 3 ).

[0052] The first vertical frame 152 and the second vertical frame 153 have a columnar shape in which the X-axis direction (the up-down direction) becomes the length direction. The first vertical frame 152 and the second vertical frame 153 are provided so as to be separated from each other in the Z-axis direction. The lower end portions of the first vertical frame 152 and the second vertical frame 153 are connected to the machine base 151.

[0053] The first cross frame 154 and the second cross frame 311 have a beam shape in which the Z-axis direction (left-right direction) is the length direction. The first cross frame 154 and the second cross frame 311 are composed of a pipe material that constitutes a closed cross section in a rectangular shape.

[0054] The first cross frame 154 and the second cross frame 311 are disposed apart from each other in the Y-axis direction. The first cross frame 154 is disposed at a position deviated in the +Y-axis direction from the second cross frame 311. Both ends of the first cross frame 154 in the Z-axis direction are connected to the upper end portions of the first longitudinal frame 152 and the second longitudinal frame 153, respectively. Both ends of the second cross frame 311 in the Z-axis direction are connected to the upper end portions of the first longitudinal frame 152 and the second longitudinal frame 153, respectively.

[0055] The first longitudinal frame 152, the second longitudinal frame 153, the first cross frame 154, and the second cross frame 311 constitute a gate-shaped frame configuration on the machine base 151.

[0056] The machining device 100 further has a saddle 161, a cross slide 162, and a ram 163.

[0057] The saddle 161 is supported by the machine base 151. The saddle 161 is located on the machine base 151 and is disposed between the first longitudinal frame 152 and the second longitudinal frame 153 in the Z-axis direction. The saddle 161 has a shape that stands upward from the machine base 151 toward the first cross frame 154 and the second cross frame 311. The saddle 161 is disposed so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction by various conveyance mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors or the like provided to the machine base 151 or the like.

[0058] The cross slide 162 is supported by the saddle 161. The cross slide 162 has a flat plate shape as a whole that is parallel to the X-axis-Z-axis plane. The cross slide 162 is mounted to a front surface of the saddle 161 that faces in the +Y-axis direction. The cross slide 162 is disposed so as to be movable in the X-axis direction (up-down direction) by various conveyance mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors or the like provided to the saddle 161 or the like.

[0059] The ram 163 is supported by the cross slide 162. The ram 163 has a cylindrical shape as a whole that extends along the Y-axis direction. The ram 163 is disposed in a manner that penetrates the cross slide 162 in the Y-axis direction and protrudes into the machining region 110. The ram 163 is disposed so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction by various conveyance mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors or the like provided to the cross slide 162 or the like.

[0060] The machine tool 100 also has a tool spindle 121. The tool spindle 121 is disposed in the machining region 110. The tool spindle 121 is configured in such a manner that it can hold a rotary tool used for removal machining (milling) of a workpiece. A clamping mechanism (not shown) for detachably holding a rotary tool is provided to the tool spindle 121. The tool spindle 121 rotates the held rotary tool about a rotation axis 503 parallel to the X-Z plane when the workpiece is subjected to milling using the rotary tool.

[0061] The tool spindle 121 is supported by the ram 163. The tool spindle 121 is connected to the top end portion of the ram 163 in the +Y direction. The tool spindle 121 is three-dimensionally movable in the machining region 110 by the movement of the bed saddle 161 in the Z direction, the movement of the cross slide 162 in the X direction, and the movement of the ram 163 in the Y direction.

[0062] The tool spindle 121 is also configured to be able to swivel (B-axis swivel) about a swivel axis 504 parallel to the Y axis. The swivel range of the tool spindle 121 is preferably a range of ±90° or more with respect to a reference posture in which the spindle end face 122 of the tool spindle 121 faces downward (the posture shown in FIG. 1). Figure 1 and Figure 2 As one example, the swivel range of the tool spindle 121 is a range of ±120° with respect to the reference posture.

[0063] The machine tool 100 also has an automatic tool changer (ATC) 141 and a tool magazine 171.

[0064] The tool magazine 171 stores a plurality of rotary tools T used for milling of a workpiece. The tool magazine 171 is disposed outside the machining region 110. The tool magazine 171 is disposed on the opposite side of the machining region 110 from the first workpiece spindle 111 (the first vertical frame 152) with the first workpiece spindle 111 (the first vertical frame 152) interposed therebetween in the Z direction.

[0065] The automatic tool changer 141 is configured in such a manner that it can exchange tools between the tool spindle 121 in the machining region 110 and the tool magazine 171 outside the machining region 110.

[0066] The automatic tool changer 141 is supported by the first horizontal frame 154. The automatic tool changer 141 is movable in the Z direction by various conveyance mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors provided to the first horizontal frame 154 and the like.

[0067] The automatic tool changer 141 is movable between a standby position (a position shown by a dotted line in FIG. 1) in which the tool spindle 121 is held by the tool magazine 171, and a tool exchange position (a position shown by a solid line in FIG. 1) in which the tool spindle 121 is held by the tool spindle 121. Figure 1The automatic tool changer 141 waits at the standby position (the position shown in the arrow A in FIG. 1) outside the machining region 110 and above the first workpiece spindle 111, the in-machine tool change position at an arbitrary coordinate inside the machining region 110 and in the Z-axis direction at which the automatic tool changer 141 performs tool change with the tool spindle 121, and the tool magazine side tool change position outside the machining region 110 and on the opposite side of the in-machine tool change position from the standby position at which the automatic tool changer 141 performs tool change with the tool magazine 171.

[0068] Further, the automatic tool changer 141 and the cover structure around the same are described in detail later.

[0069] The machining apparatus 100 also has an additional machining head 131. The additional machining head 131 ejects a material powder toward a workpiece and irradiates a laser, thereby performing additional machining (Directed Energy Deposition). As the material powder, a metal powder of stainless steel, tungsten-chromium-cobalt alloy, nickel-chromium-iron heat-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy, or titanium, or the like can be used. Further, the material powder is not limited to a metal powder.

[0070] The additional machining head 131 has a head body 132 and a laser tool 133. The laser and the material powder are introduced into the head body 132. The laser tool 133 emits a laser toward a workpiece and determines an irradiation region of the laser in the workpiece. The material powder introduced into the additional machining head 131 is ejected toward the workpiece via a nozzle (not shown).

[0071] The machining apparatus 100 has a plurality of laser tools 133. The plurality of laser tools 133 differ in the shape and / or size of the irradiation region of the laser determined on the workpiece. In the head body 132, any one of the plurality of laser tools 133 is selectively installed in accordance with the conditions of the additional machining performed.

[0072] The additional machining head 131 also has a disc portion 136. The disc portion 136 has a disc shape in which the Y-axis direction becomes the thickness direction. The disc portion 136 is connected to the head body 132. The disc portion 136 is provided at a position where the front end portion of the head body 132 is bent at a right angle in the +Y-axis direction. The tool spindle 121 has a front surface portion 124 and a side surface portion 123. The front surface portion 124 faces the +Y-axis direction. The side surface portion 123 faces the +Z-axis direction in the reference posture of the tool spindle 121.

[0073] The additional machining head 131 is provided in a detachable manner with respect to the tool spindle 121. The additional machining head 131 is installed in the tool spindle 121 in such a manner that the head body 132 opposes the side surface portion 123 and the disc portion 136 opposes the front surface portion 124.

[0074] A clamping mechanism using an elastic force or the like is built in the additional machining head 131 (the disk portion 136) and the tool spindle (the front surface portion 124), and the clamping mechanism operates at the time of attachment of the additional machining head 131 to the tool spindle 121, whereby the additional machining head 131 is connected to the tool spindle 121. The additional machining head 131 is connected to the tool spindle 121, whereby the additional machining head 131 can move in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction integrally with the tool spindle 121.

[0075] Figure 3 and Figure 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration for supplying laser light and a material powder to the additional machining head in Figure 1 .

[0076] With reference to Figures 1-4 , the machining device 100 further has a material powder supply device 341 and a laser light oscillation device 342, and a pipe body 210.

[0077] The material powder supply device 341 and the laser light oscillation device 342 are disposed outside the machining region 110. The material powder supply device 341 sends out a material powder used for additional machining toward the additional machining head 131. The laser light oscillation device 342 oscillates laser light used for additional machining.

[0078] The pipe body 210 supplies the material powder from the material powder supply device 341 to the additional machining head 131, and supplies the laser light from the laser light oscillation device 342 to the additional machining head 131. The pipe body 210 extends from the additional machining head 131. The pipe body 210 is drawn out from the inside of the machining region 110 to the outside, and is connected to the material powder supply device 341 and the laser light oscillation device 342.

[0079] The pipe body 210 is flexible, and can be bent and deformed when an external force is applied. The pipe body 210 includes an optical fiber for guiding laser light, a pipe for guiding a material powder, an air pipe that becomes a flow path of air, a gas pipe that becomes a flow path of a non-active gas, a cooling pipe that becomes a flow path of a refrigerant, an electric wiring, and a flexible tube 211 that accommodates these.

[0080] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the machining device 100 further has a support portion 221. The support portion 221 is disposed outside the machining region 110. The support portion 221 supports the pipe body 210 drawn out from the inside of the machining region 110 outside the machining region 110. The support portion 221 is disposed at a position higher than the additional machining head 131. The support portion 221 is supported by the first horizontal frame 154 and the second horizontal frame 311.

[0081] The support portion 221 has a base 331, a pulley portion 332, and a coil spring (elastic member) 333.

[0082] The base 331 is provided on the first horizontal frame 154 and the second horizontal frame 311. The base 331 is provided so as to straddle the first horizontal frame 154 and the second horizontal frame 311 in plan view. The pipe body 210 that leads from the inside of the processing region 110 to the outside is laid on the base 331. The pipe body 210 laid on the base 331 extends toward the material powder supply device 341 and the laser oscillation device 342 after passing through a CableBear (registered trademark) that is not shown and that is slidable in the Z-axis direction.

[0083] The pulley portion 332 is supported by the base 331. The pulley portion 332 is provided so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis 526 that is parallel to the X-axis direction (the up-down direction) and so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction.

[0084] One end of the coil spring 333 is connected to the pulley portion 332. The other end of the coil spring 333 is connected to the base 331 by means of a bracket 334. The coil spring 333 exerts an elastic force in the -Y-axis direction on the pulley portion 332. The coil spring 333 exerts an elastic force in a direction away from the processing region 110 in plan view on the pulley portion 332.

[0085] The flexible tube 211 is composed of a tube that has flexibility. The flexible tube 211 extends between the inside and the outside of the processing region 110. One end 211p of the flexible tube 211 is disposed inside the processing region 110. The other end 211q of the flexible tube 211 is disposed outside the processing region 110.

[0086] The flexible tube 211 that leads from the inside to the outside of the processing region 110 extends on the base 331 in the -Y-axis direction. The flexible tube 211 is hung around the pulley portion 332, turns 180°, and extends in the +Y-axis direction. The other end 211q of the flexible tube 211 is fixed to the base 331 at the top end of the flexible tube 211 that extends in the +Y-axis direction.

[0087] The pulley portion 332 and the coil spring 333 constitute a tension imparting mechanism 335. The tension imparting mechanism 335 imparts a tension in a direction away from the head 131 for additional processing inside the processing region 110 to the pipe body 210 (flexible tube 211). The tension imparting mechanism 335 imparts a pulling force from the inside of the processing region 110 toward the outside to the pipe body 210 (flexible tube 211).

[0088] According to such a structure, the deflection of the pipe body 210 in the processing region 110 can be suppressed. In addition, the pulley portion 332 is moved in the Y-axis direction, so that the length of the pipe body 210 in the processing region 111 can be automatically adjusted in correspondence with the position of the head 131 for additional processing.

[0089] Further, the elastic member constituting the tension imparting mechanism 335 is not particularly limited, and for example, a gas spring can be used instead of the coil spring 333.

[0090] The processing machine 100 further has a first guide mechanism 370 and a second guide mechanism 360. The first guide mechanism 370 and the second guide mechanism 360 guide the support portion 221 in the Z-axis direction. The first guide mechanism 370 and the second guide mechanism 360 are disposed so as to be separated from each other in the Y-axis direction.

[0091] The support portion 221 further has a block 336. The block 336 is fixed to the base 331. The block 336 opposes the first cross frame 154 in the Y-axis direction.

[0092] The first guide mechanism 370 has a rail 155 and a slider 372. The first guide mechanism 370 has two sets of the rail 155 and the slider 372. The rail 155 is attached to the first cross frame 154. The rail 155 extends in the Z-axis direction. The slider 372 is attached to the block 336. The slider 372 is engaged with the rail 155 by means of a plurality of balls, not shown. The slider 372 and the rail 155 constitute a linear guide mechanism in the Z-axis direction.

[0093] The second guide mechanism 360 is disposed at a position separated from the first guide mechanism 370 in the -Y-axis direction. The second guide mechanism 360 has a rail 312. The rail 312 is attached to the second cross frame 311. The rail 312 extends in the Z-axis direction. A pair of first rollers, which sandwich the rail 312 from both sides in the Y-axis direction and are rotatable about an axis of rotation parallel to the X-axis direction, and a pair of second rollers, which sandwich the rail 312 from both sides in the X-axis direction and are rotatable about an axis of rotation parallel to the Y-axis direction, are attached to the support portion 221 (the base 331).

[0094] With reference to Figure 4 , the processing machine 100 further has a linking mechanism 380. The linking mechanism 380 has a cylinder 382 and a block 381.

[0095] The block 381 is attached to the saddle 161. A pin insertion hole (not shown) is provided in the block 381. The cylinder 382 is attached to the support portion 221. The cylinder 382 has a pin (not shown) that is movable in the Y-axis direction. The pin of the cylinder 382 is inserted into the pin insertion hole provided in the block 381, thereby obtaining a state in which the tool spindle 121 is linked with the support portion 221, and the pin of the cylinder 382 is pulled out of the pin insertion hole provided in the block 381, thereby obtaining a state in which the tool spindle 121 is released from the link with the support portion 221.

[0096] In the additional processing of the workpiece, the tool spindle 121 is linked with the support portion 221 by the linking mechanism 380, thereby enabling the support portion 221 to be moved in the Z-axis direction integrally with the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 131. In the removal processing of the workpiece, the tool spindle 121 is released from the link with the support portion 221 by the linking mechanism 380, thereby enabling the support portion 221 and the additional processing head 131 to be separated from the tool spindle 121 and enabling the tool spindle 121 to be moved alone.

[0097] The support portion 221 is also configured to be movable in the Z-axis direction in a separate state from the tool spindle 121 (self-moving mechanism).

[0098] More specifically, a rack 156 is provided in the first cross frame 154. The rack 156 extends in the Z-axis direction. A servo motor 222 (see Figure 3 , not shown in Figure 4 , refer to Figure 1 ) and a pinion (not shown) that is connected to an output shaft of the servo motor 222 and engages with the rack 156 are provided in the support portion 221. In a state in which the tool spindle 121 is released from the link with the support portion 221 by the linking mechanism 380, the pinion that receives rotation from the servo motor 222 rotates in the positive direction or the negative direction, thereby moving the support portion 221 in the +Z-axis direction or the -Z-axis direction.

[0099] Figures 5-7 is a front view schematically showing a processing flow of a workpiece in the processing machine in Figure 1 .

[0100] Refer to Figures 5-7 , the processing machine 100 also has a laser tool storage portion 191 and a head storage portion 192. The laser tool storage portion 191 is configured to store a plurality of laser tools 133. The head storage portion 192 is configured to store the additional processing head 131 that is separated from the tool spindle 121 in the removal processing of the workpiece.

[0101] The laser tool storage unit 191 and the head storage unit 192 are located outside the processing area 110. The laser tool storage unit 191 is positioned in the X-axis direction (vertical direction) between the first workpiece spindle 111 and the standby position of the automatic tool changer 141. The head storage unit 192 is located above the second workpiece spindle 116.

[0102] like Figure 5 As shown, during the additional machining of workpiece W, the additional machining head 131 is mounted on the tool spindle 121. The tool spindle 121 moves in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, so that the additional machining head 131 also moves integrally with the tool spindle 121 within the machining area 110. Thus, the machining position of the additional machining performed by the additional machining head 131 is three-dimensionally shifted. Furthermore, the tool spindle 121 rotates around the rotation axis 504, so that the additional machining head 131 also rotates integrally with the tool spindle 121 around the rotation axis 504. Therefore, the orientation (the direction of laser irradiation relative to the workpiece) of the additional machining performed by the additional machining head 131 can be freely varied.

[0103] The auxiliary machining head 131 moves in the Z-axis direction to a position opposite to the laser tool storage section 191, thereby allowing the laser tool 133 mounted on the auxiliary machining head 131 to be replaced with another laser tool 133 stored in the laser tool storage section 191.

[0104] like Figure 6 As shown, when removing workpiece W during the subsequent additional machining of workpiece W, the connection between the tool spindle 121 and the additional machining head 131 is released, and the connection between the support 221 and the saddle 161 is also released. The additional machining head 131, which is integral with the support 221, is moved from within the machining area 110 to the head storage section 192 outside the machining area 110 using a self-moving mechanism provided to the support 221.

[0105] On the other hand, the tool spindle 121, which is separated from the auxiliary machining head 131, is rotated 90° from its reference position around the rotation axis 504. The automatic tool changer 141 is moved from the standby position to the in-machine tool changing position within the machining area 110. The tool Ta held by the automatic tool changer 141 is mounted on the tool spindle 121. The automatic tool changer 141 is moved from the in-machine tool changing position to the standby position, thereby completing the mounting of the tool relative to the tool spindle 121.

[0106] Further, the in-machined side tool changing position is properly set in such a manner that the amount of movement of the tool spindle 121 from the position of the tool spindle 121 at the start of tool changing to the in-machined side tool changing position is shortened. The in-machined side tool changing position thus set can be selected from any coordinate in the Z-axis direction or from a plurality of candidates of coordinates in the Z-axis direction.

[0107] As shown in Figure 7 , in the removal machining of the workpiece W, the workpiece is milled using the tool Ta held to the tool spindle 121 in a state where the additional machining head 131 is housed in the head housing portion 192.

[0108] During this period, the automatic tool changer 141 is moved from the standby position to the tool magazine side tool changing position, and the tool Tb housed in the tool magazine 171 is moved toward the automatic tool changer 141 at the tool magazine side tool changing position. The automatic tool changer 141 holding the tool Tb is moved from the tool magazine side tool changing position to the standby position, thereby preparing for the next tool changing in the tool spindle 121.

[0109] Next, the cover structure of the automatic tool changer 141 and its periphery will be described. Figure 8 And Figure 9 is a perspective view of the machining tool showing a case where the automatic tool changer is positioned to the standby position. Figure 10 And Figure 11 is a perspective view of the machining tool showing a case where the automatic tool changer is positioned to the in-machined side tool changing position. Figure 12 is an enlarged perspective view of the automatic tool changer in Figure 9 .

[0110] The standby position Pa, the in-machined side tool changing position Pb, and the tool magazine side tool changing position Pc of the automatic tool changer 141 are shown in Figures 8-11 .

[0111] Referring to Figures 8-12 , the automatic tool changer 141 has a base 148, a lifting arm 143, and a double arm (arm portion) 144.

[0112] The base 148 is supported by a first horizontal frame 154. The base 148 is movable in the Z-axis direction by various conveying mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors, etc.

[0113] More specifically, a rack 156 and a rail 155 are provided in the 1st horizontal frame 154. The rack 156 and the rail 155 extend in the Z-axis direction. A servo motor 142 and a pinion gear (not shown) connected to an output shaft of the servo motor 142 are provided in the base 148. A slide 411 which is engaged with the rail 155 on one side and is slidable in the Z-axis direction on the other side is also provided in the base 148. The pinion gear which receives rotation from the servo motor 142 rotates in the positive direction or the negative direction, whereby the base 148 moves in the +Z-axis direction or the -Z-axis direction.

[0114] In the present embodiment, the automatic tool changer 141 and the support portion 221 share a guide mechanism (the rail 155) and a transport mechanism (the rack 156) for enabling movement in the Z-axis direction.

[0115] The lifting arm 143 is supported by the base 148. The lifting arm 143 extends in the form of an arm with the X-axis direction (the up-down direction) as the length direction. The lifting arm 143 can perform a lifting action in the X-axis direction using various transport mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors.

[0116] More specifically, a rack 145 is provided in the lifting arm 143. The rack 145 extends in the X-axis direction. A servo motor 147 and a pinion gear 146 connected to an output shaft of the servo motor 147 are provided in the base 148. The pinion gear 146 which receives rotation from the servo motor 147 rotates in the positive direction or the negative direction, whereby the lifting arm 143 rises in the +X-axis direction or descends in the -X-axis direction.

[0117] The double arm 144 is supported by the lifting arm 143. The double arm 144 is connected to a lower end portion of the lifting arm 143. The double arm 144 has a 1st gripping portion 144P and a 2nd gripping portion 144Q. The 1st gripping portion 144P and the 2nd gripping portion 144Q are each configured so as to be able to grip a tool (a shank portion of a tool). The double arm 144 extends in the form of an arm between the 1st gripping portion 144P and the 2nd gripping portion 144Q.

[0118] The double arm 144 is provided so as to be able to rotate about a rotation axis 505 and be slidable in the axial direction of the rotation axis 505. The rotation axis 505 is disposed at a central position between the 1st gripping portion 144P and the 2nd gripping portion 144Q. The rotation axis 505 extends in the horizontal direction. The rotation axis 505 extends in the Z-axis direction.

[0119] Furthermore, the automatic tool changer 141 can also have a single type of arm portion instead of the double arm 144, the single type of arm portion having one gripping portion.

[0120] As Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned at the standby position Pa, the double arms 144 are disposed at a middle position of an intermediate height.

[0121] As shown, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned at the standby position Pa, the double arms 144 are disposed at a middle position of an intermediate height. Figure 6 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is moved from the standby position Pa to the in-machining-side tool changing position Pb and tool changing is performed between the automatic tool changer 141 and the tool spindle 121, the lifting arm 143 is lowered in the -X-axis direction, so that the double arms 144 are disposed at a low position lower than the middle position. Thereby, the double arms 144 can be moved in the X-axis direction (up-down direction) to approach the tool spindle 121.

[0122] As shown, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is moved from the standby position Pa to the in-machining-side tool changing position Pb and tool changing is performed between the automatic tool changer 141 and the tool spindle 121, the lifting arm 143 is lowered in the -X-axis direction, so that the double arms 144 are disposed at a low position lower than the middle position. Thereby, the double arms 144 can be moved in the X-axis direction (up-down direction) to approach the tool spindle 121. Figure 7 As shown, in order to perform tool changing between the tool spindle 121 and the tool magazine 171, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is moved from the standby position Pa to the tool magazine-side tool changing position Pc, the lifting arm 143 is raised in the +X-axis direction, so that the double arms 144 are disposed at a high position higher than the middle position. Thereby, it is possible to avoid interference between the double arms 144 moved to the tool magazine-side tool changing position and the tool magazine 171.

[0123] Further, an opening portion for avoiding interference between the lifting arm 143 having performed the raising operation and the top portion can be provided at the top portion of the tool magazine-side tool changing position Pc. A shutter that can open and close the opening portion can be provided at the top portion.

[0124] Referring to Figures 8-11 , the machining machine 100 further has a 3rd cross frame 157. The 3rd cross frame 157 has a beam shape with the Z-axis direction (left-right direction) as a length direction. The 3rd cross frame 157 is provided above the 1st cross frame 154. A shield main body 611 discussed later is attached to the 3rd cross frame 157.

[0125] The shield 181 has a 1st slide cover 351 and a 2nd slide cover 353. The 1st slide cover 351 and the 2nd slide cover 353 have a flat plate shape as a whole, which is parallel to the X-axis-Z-axis plane. The 1st slide cover 351 and the 2nd slide cover 353 are disposed at the inner side of the machining area 110 (an end portion of the machining area 110 in the -Y-axis direction).

[0126] The ram 163 penetrates the 1st slide cover 351 from the outside of the machining area 110 into the inside of the machining area 110 in the Y-axis direction. The 1st slide cover 351 can be deformed in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction in correspondence with movement of the ram 163 in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.

[0127] The second slide cover 353 is provided above the first slide cover 351. The second slide cover 353 is provided astride between the third cross frame 157 and the first cross frame 154 in the X-axis direction. An end portion of the second slide cover 353 in the -Z-axis direction is connected to a cover body 612 which will be discussed later. The second slide cover 353 is deformable in the Z-axis direction in correspondence with movement of the cover body 612 in the Z-axis direction.

[0128] Referring to Figure 3 A line body insertion hole 352 is provided in the second slide cover 353. The line body insertion hole 352 is composed of a through hole which penetrates the second slide cover 353 in the Y-axis direction. The line body 210 (flexible tube 211) is inserted into the line body insertion hole 352 from inside the processing region 110, so as to be led out to the outside of the processing region 110. The second slide cover 353 is deformable in the Z-axis direction in correspondence with movement of the line body 210 (flexible tube 211) in the Z-axis direction.

[0129] Referring to Figures 8-11 The guard plate 181 further has a guard plate body 611 and a cover body 612.

[0130] The guard plate body 611 has a flat plate shape as a whole, which is parallel to the X-Y axial plane. The guard plate body 611 is disposed on the left side of the processing region 110 (an end portion of the processing region 110 in the -Z-axis direction). The processing region 110 is provided on the +Z-axis direction side of the guard plate body 611, and the standby position Pa of the automatic tool changer 141 and the laser tool storage portion 191 are provided on the -Z-axis direction side of the guard plate body 611.

[0131] An oil pan 614 is provided between the standby position Pa of the automatic tool changer 141 and the laser tool storage portion 191. The oil pan 614 has a tray shape, and extends in the Z-axis direction between the tool magazine 171 and the guard plate body 611.

[0132] An opening and closing cover 613 is provided in the guard plate body 611. The opening and closing cover 613 performs opening and closing operations when the laser tool 133 is exchanged between the laser tool storage portion 191 and the additional processing head 131. The opening and closing cover 613 is a folding cover which is folded and deformed when closed.

[0133] Further, instead of the laser tool storage portion 191, a stocker for storing a plurality of long boring bars can be provided below the standby position Pa of the automatic tool changer 141.

[0134] An opening portion 616 is provided in the guard plate body 611. The opening portion 616 is composed of a through hole which penetrates the guard plate body 611 in the Z-axis direction. The opening portion 616 communicates between the standby position Pa of the automatic tool changer 141 and the processing region 110. The opening portion 616 is provided above the opening and closing cover 613.

[0135] The cover 612 is provided so as to cover the opening portion 616. The cover 612 has a planar shape corresponding to the opening shape of the opening portion 616 as viewed in the Z-axis direction. The cover 612 is disposed laterally to the double arm 144. The cover 612 is provided at a position adjacent to the double arm 144 in the +Z-axis direction.

[0136] The cover 612 is movable so as to open and close the opening portion 616. The cover 612 is coupled to the automatic tool changer 141. The cover 612 moves in the Z-axis direction integrally with the automatic tool changer 141 along with movement of the automatic tool changer 141 in the Z-axis direction.

[0137] As shown in Figs. 17 and 18, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned at the standby position Pa, the cover 612 blocks the opening portion 616, thereby dividing the machining region 110. At this time, the machining region 110 is set to a substantially closed state by the guard 181. Figure 8 Figure 9 As shown in Figs. 19 and 20, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 moves from the standby position Pa to the inboard tool changing position Pb, the cover 612 enters the inside of the machining region 110 together with the automatic tool changer 141. At this time, the machining region 110 is set to a state in which the standby position Pa is communicated with via the opening portion 616.

[0138] As shown in Figs. 19 and 20, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 moves from the standby position Pa to the inboard tool changing position Pb, the cover 612 enters the inside of the machining region 110 together with the automatic tool changer 141. At this time, the machining region 110 is set to a state in which the standby position Pa is communicated with via the opening portion 616. Figure 10 Figure 11 According to such a configuration, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned at the standby position Pa outside the machining region 110, the cover 612 divides the machining region 110, and thus it is possible to prevent cutting oil or chips and the like generated in the machining region 110 from adhering to the automatic tool changer 141. Thus, the automatic tool changer 141 and the tool held to the automatic tool changer 141 are kept clean, and thus it is possible to more stably perform the automatic tool changing operation by the automatic tool changer 141.

[0139] In addition, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 moves from the standby position Pa to the inboard tool changing position Pb, the cover 612 does not perform an opening and closing operation of the general slide type, but enters the inside of the machining region 110 together with the automatic tool changer 141. Thus, a space for performing the opening and closing operation of the cover 612 is not required, and thus it is possible to suppress the size of the machining machine 100 to be smaller.

[0140] In addition, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 moves from the standby position Pa to the inboard tool changing position Pb, the cover 612 does not perform an opening and closing operation of the general slide type, but enters the inside of the machining region 110 together with the automatic tool changer 141. Thus, a space for performing the opening and closing operation of the cover 612 is not required, and thus it is possible to suppress the size of the machining machine 100 to be smaller.

[0141] As shown in Figs. 19 and 20, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 moves from the standby position Pa to the inboard tool changing position Pb, the cover 612 enters the inside of the machining region 110 together with the automatic tool changer 141. At this time, the machining region 110 is set to a state in which the standby position Pa is communicated with via the opening portion 616. Figure 11 ​​As shown, at the time of tool exchange between the automatic tool changer 141 and the tool spindle 121, the double arm 144 performs a turning action centered on the turning axis 505 parallel to the horizontal direction above the tool spindle 121. In this case, the cover body 612 is not disposed below the double arm 144 but is disposed laterally of the double arm 144, and thus, the double arm 144 performing the turning action can be prevented from interfering with the cover body 612.

[0142] Figure 13 is a sectional view of a range surrounded by a double-dotted line XIII in Figure 12 Referring to Figure 12 and Figure 13 , the machining machine 100 further has a first link mechanism 651 (in Figure 12 , the first link mechanism 651 is disposed at the back side of the automatic tool changer 141 and the cover body 612, and thus, is not shown). The first link mechanism 651 is operable between a first state in which the automatic tool changer 141 and the cover body 612 are linked when the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned to the standby position Pa and a second state in which the automatic tool changer 141 and the cover body 612 are dislinked when the automatic tool changer 141 moves from the standby position Pa to the tool magazine side tool exchange position Pc.

[0143] A cylinder 653 is attached to the automatic tool changer 141 (the base 148). The cylinder 653 has a pin 654. The pin 654 is retractable in the Y-axis direction by the drive of the cylinder 653. A linking portion 655 is provided to the cover body 612. A pin insertion hole 652 is provided to the linking portion 655. The pin insertion hole 652 is constituted by a through hole that penetrates the linking portion 655 in the Y-axis direction.

[0144] The linking portion 655 and the cylinder 653 constitute the first link mechanism 651 together. The pin 654 is inserted into the pin insertion hole 652, and thus, the first state in which the automatic tool changer 141 and the cover body 612 are linked is obtained. The pin 654 is pulled out of the pin insertion hole 652, and thus, the second state in which the automatic tool changer 141 and the cover body 612 are dislinked is obtained.

[0145] Further, the insertion direction of the pin 654 with respect to the pin insertion hole 652 is not limited to the Y-axis direction, and can be a direction intersecting the Z-axis, and more preferably, a direction orthogonal to the Z-axis.

[0146] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned to the standby position Pa, the automatic tool changer 141 is linked with the cover body 612 by the first linking mechanism 651, so that in a case where the tool is changed at the tool change position Pb inside the turning machine, the cover body 612 can be immediately brought into the machining region 110 together with the automatic tool changer 141.

[0147] As shown, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned to the standby position Pa, the automatic tool changer 141 is linked with the cover body 612 by the first linking mechanism 651, so that in a case where the tool is changed at the tool change position Pb inside the turning machine, the cover body 612 can be immediately brought into the machining region 110 together with the automatic tool changer 141. Figure 7 As shown, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned to the standby position Pa, the automatic tool changer 141 is linked with the cover body 612 by the first linking mechanism 651, so that in a case where the tool is changed at the tool change position Pb inside the turning machine, the cover body 612 can be immediately brought into the machining region 110 together with the automatic tool changer 141.

[0148] Figure 14 is a sectional view showing a range enclosed by a double-dotted line XIV in Figure 12 . Figure 15 is a sectional view showing a range enclosed by a double-dotted line XV in Figure 12 .

[0149] Referring to Figure 12 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 , the machining machine 100 further has a second linking mechanism 631. The second linking mechanism 631 is operable between a third state and a fourth state, the third state being a state in which the shroud body 611 is linked with the cover body 612 in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned to the standby position Pa, and the fourth state being a state in which the shroud body 611 is unlinked from the cover body 612 in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is moved from the standby position Pa to the tool change position Pb inside the machine.

[0150] The machining machine 100 has a plurality of second linking mechanisms 631 (631A, 631B). The second linking mechanism 631B is provided at a position separated from the second linking mechanism 631A in a diagonally upward direction (-Y axis direction and +X axis direction).

[0151] Referring to Figure 12 and Figure 14 , the shroud body 611 is provided with a cylinder 644. The cylinder 644 has a pin 645. The pin 645 is retractable and advanceable in the Y axis direction by driving of the cylinder 644. The cover body 612 is provided with a linking portion 642. The linking portion 642 is provided with a pin insertion hole 643. The pin insertion hole 643 is constituted by a through hole passing through the linking portion 642 in the Y axis direction.

[0152] The link portion 642 and the cylinder 644 constitute the second link mechanism 631A. The pin 645 is inserted into the pin insertion hole 643, and the third state in which the shield body 611 and the cover body 612 are linked is obtained. The pin 645 is pulled out of the pin insertion hole 643, and the fourth state in which the link between the shield body 611 and the cover body 612 is released is obtained.

[0153] With reference to Figure 12 and Figure 15 The cylinder 634 has a pin 635. The pin 635 is able to advance and retreat in the Y-axis direction by driving of the cylinder 634. A link portion 632 is provided in the cover body 612. A pin insertion hole 633 is provided in the link portion 632. The pin insertion hole 633 is constituted by a through hole that penetrates the link portion 632 in the Y-axis direction.

[0154] The link portion 632 and the cylinder 634 constitute the second link mechanism 631B. The pin 635 is inserted into the pin insertion hole 633, and the third state in which the shield body 611 and the cover body 612 are linked by the third cross frame 157 is obtained. The pin 635 is pulled out of the pin insertion hole 633, and the fourth state in which the link between the shield body 611 and the cover body 612 is released is obtained.

[0155] According to such a structure, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned to the standby position Pa, the shield body 611 and the cover body 612 are linked by the second link mechanism 631 (631A, 631B), and thus the cover body 612 is more firmly fixed to the shield body 611. Thereby, the airtightness of the machining region 110 is improved, and thus leakage of cutting oil or chips and the like from the inside of the machining region 110 to the outside can be reliably prevented. In addition, in a case where the automatic tool changer 141 moves from the standby position Pa to the in-machining-side tool changing position Pb, the link between the shield body 611 and the cover body 612 by the second link mechanism 631 (631A, 631B) is released, and thus the cover body 612 can be separated from the shield body 611, and the cover body 612 can be made to enter the machining region 110 together with the automatic tool changer 141.

[0156] The processing machine 100 according to the embodiment of the present application described above is provided with a guard 181 for partitioning the processing region 110, a tool spindle 121 as a tool holding portion provided inside the processing region 110 for holding a tool, and an automatic tool changer 141 movable between an in-machine tool changing position Pb as a first tool changing position inside the processing region 110 and a standby position Pa outside the processing region 110, and changing the tool held by the tool spindle 121 at the in-machine tool changing position Pb. The guard 181 has a cover 612 coupled to the automatic tool changer 141, and partitions the processing region 110 when the automatic tool changer 141 is positioned at the standby position Pa, and enters the inside of the processing region 110 when the automatic tool changer 141 moves from the standby position Pa to the in-machine tool changing position Pb.

[0157] According to the processing machine 100 according to the embodiment of the present application thus configured, it is possible to achieve a reduction in size of the machine while preventing the attachment of cutting oil or chips and the like to the automatic tool changer 141.

[0158] Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the AM / SM hybrid processing machine is configured based on a combined machine tool having a turning function and a milling function is described, but the present application is not limited to such a configuration, and for example, the AM / SM hybrid processing machine can be configured based on a machining center having a milling function. In addition, the present application is not limited to the AM / SM hybrid processing machine, and can be applied to a lathe, a machining center, or a combined machine tool having a turning function and a milling function. For example, in the case where the present application is applied to a lathe, the tool holding portion holding the tool can be a tool rest provided with an automatic tool changing function.

[0159] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed this time are illustrative and non-restrictive in all aspects. The scope of the present application is not shown by the above description but by the claims below, and intended to include all modifications equivalent within the meaning and scope of the claims.

[0160] Industrial Applicability

[0161] The present application is applicable to various processing machines provided with an automatic tool changer.

[0162] Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0163] 100, machining device; 110, machining area; 111, first workpiece spindle; 116, second workpiece spindle; 121, tool spindle; 122, spindle end face; 123, side surface portion; 124, front surface portion; 131, additional machining head; 132, head main body; 133, laser tool; 136, disc portion; 141, automatic tool changer; 142, 147, servo motor; 143, lifting arm; 144, double arm; 144P, first gripping portion; 144Q, second gripping portion; 145, 156, rack; 146, pinion; 148, 331, base; 151, machine bed; 152, first longitudinal frame; 153, second longitudinal frame; 154, first transverse frame; 155, 312, rail; 157, third transverse frame; 161, saddle; 162, cross slide; 163, ram; 171, tool magazine; 181, guard plate; 191, laser tool storage portion; 192, head storage portion; 210, line body; 211, flexible tube; 211p, one end; 211q, other end; 221, support portion; 311, second transverse frame; 332, pulley portion; 333, coil spring; 334, bracket; 335, tension imparting mechanism; 336, 381, block; 341, material powder supply device; 342, laser oscillation device; 351, first slide cover; 352, line body insertion hole; 353, second slide cover; 360, second guide mechanism; 370, first guide mechanism; 372, 411, slide; 380, link mechanism; 382, 634, 644, 653, cylinder; 501, 502, 503, 526, rotational axis; 504, 505, turning axis; 611, guard plate main body; 612, cover body; 613, openable cover; 614, oil pan; 616, opening portion; 631, 631A, 631B, second link mechanism; 632, 642, 655, link portion; 633, 643, 652, pin insertion hole; 635, 645, 654, pin; 651, first link mechanism.

Claims

1. A machine tool comprising: a guard plate for partitioning a machining region; a tool holder provided inside the machining region for holding a tool; and an automatic tool changer capable of moving in a linear direction between a first tool changing position inside the machining region, at which a tool held by the tool holder is changed, and a standby position outside the machining region, wherein the guard plate has a cover body coupled to the automatic tool changer and capable of moving in the linear direction integrally with the automatic tool changer, and partitions the machining region when the automatic tool changer is positioned at the standby position and enters inside the machining region when the automatic tool changer moves from the standby position to the first tool changing position.

2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the machine tool further comprises a workpiece spindle for holding a workpiece so that the workpiece rotates about a rotational axis parallel to a horizontal direction, and the automatic tool changer is capable of moving in an axial direction of the rotational axis inside the machining region.

3. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the machine tool further comprises a tool magazine provided outside the machining region for housing a plurality of tools, the automatic tool changer is further capable of moving between the standby position and a second tool changing position outside the machining region, at which a tool is changed between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer, and the machine tool comprises a first coupling mechanism capable of operating between a first state in which the automatic tool changer is coupled to the cover body when the automatic tool changer is positioned at the standby position, and a second state in which the coupling between the automatic tool changer and the cover body is released when the automatic tool changer moves from the standby position to the second tool changing position.

4. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the guard plate further has a guard plate body provided with an opening portion in which the cover body is disposed when the automatic tool changer is positioned at the standby position, and the machine tool comprises a second coupling mechanism capable of operating between a third state in which the guard plate body is coupled to the cover body when the automatic tool changer is positioned at the standby position, and a fourth state in which the coupling between the guard plate body and the cover body is released when the automatic tool changer moves from the standby position to the first tool changing position.

5. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the automatic tool changer has an arm portion including a holding portion capable of holding a tool, and capable of rotating about a rotational axis parallel to a horizontal direction, and the cover body is disposed laterally of the arm portion. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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