Plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipes

Abstract

The present invention provides a plant-wrapped above-ground composite ventilation pipe, which comprises, from the inside to the outside of the pipe diameter, an inner liner layer, a plant-wrapped interlayer, and an outer shell layer. The plant-wrapped interlayer is tightly coated on the outer surface of the inner liner layer by a three-dimensional weaving method, and the thickness of the inner liner layer and the outer shell layer is less than 1 mm. The plant-wrapped interlayer is a multi-layer plant woven winding layer formed by weaving and winding units of natural plant materials with high strength and good flexibility, such as bamboo, rattan, willow, grass, palm, hemp, and sunflower, tightly attached to the outer surface of the inner liner layer. By processing the woven winding material and designing the duct wall structure, the present invention makes the plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe have the advantages of being green and glue-free, heat-insulating, lightweight, and shock-absorbing. It can replace traditional above-ground ventilation pipes and the currently widely used foam plastic composite air ducts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation pipes, in particular to a plant-wrapped ground composite ventilation pipe. Background Art

[0002] Traditional above-ground ventilation ducts mainly fall into the following categories. First, metal ducts consume a lot of steel, have poor moisture resistance, are susceptible to oxidation and corrosion, and have a short service life. Second, fiberglass ducts, while improving their flammability and release of toxic gases upon combustion, still suffer from high density and brittleness, making them difficult to transport, install, and maintain, severely restricting their development. Third, flexible ducts suffer from drawbacks such as a rough inner wall, high resistance, and a surface prone to collapse and distortion, resulting in poor air delivery capacity.

[0003] Subsequently, composite air ducts gradually developed and became popular due to their advantages such as good thermal insulation and shock absorption performance, such as phenolic, polyurethane, and polystyrene foam plastic composite air ducts. However, with the introduction of the international community's plastic ban and restriction policies, the entire plastic products industry will face major changes, and the search for sustainable, green, and low-carbon materials to replace plastic products is imminent. Natural plant materials with high strength and good toughness in nature, such as bamboo, rattan, willow, grass, palm, hemp, and sunflower, have been used for weaving and winding since ancient times and have extremely abundant resource advantages. They are a type of high-quality green composite material widely used in catering, packaging, interior decoration, construction engineering and other fields. The existing plant-wrapped pipes are mainly used in underground projects and require resin as an adhesive for winding and compounding. Although they have high pressure-bearing performance, they are heavy and unsuitable for above-ground ventilation occasions. In addition, if thermal insulation and shock absorption properties are to be achieved, additional insulation or elastic layers need to be added, which makes the molding process complicated and costly.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide an improved plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plant-wrapped ground composite ventilation pipe, which is woven and formed by interweaving, shuttling, pressing and winding high-strength plant materials, giving the pipe strength, thereby significantly reducing the amount of steel used. At the same time, it has the properties of being green, glue-free, lightweight, heat-insulating and shock-absorbing, which is of great significance to the promotion and application of plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipes.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a plant-wound above-ground composite ventilation pipe, which comprises an inner liner layer, a plant-wound interlayer and an outer shell layer in sequence from the inside to the outside along the pipe diameter direction; the plant-wound interlayer is tightly wrapped on the outer surface of the inner liner layer by a three-dimensional weaving method, and the thickness of the inner liner layer and the outer shell layer is less than 1mm. The weaving molding is achieved by interweaving, shuttling, picking, pressing, and winding between the weaving and winding units, giving it strength, so there is no need to fix it with adhesives or connectors, which not only meets the requirements of green environmental protection, but also improves quality. At the same time, the inner liner layer and the outer shell do not need to be the main contributing layers to strength, but mainly play a shaping role, so their thickness can be significantly reduced compared with the existing technology.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer surface of the inner liner layer and / or the inner surface of the outer shell layer are provided with alternately arranged protrusions. These are intended to, on the one hand, enhance the cohesive force of the plant-wrapped interlayer by allowing the plant material to interweave and entwine between the protrusions, thereby increasing the strength of the composite ventilation pipe; on the other hand, to increase the porosity of the plant-wrapped interlayer, thereby increasing the internal air storage capacity and, in turn, improving thermal insulation performance. Furthermore, the protrusions on the inner surface of the outer shell layer can increase the squeezing force on the plant-wrapped interlayer, further enhancing the strength of the composite ventilation pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the protrusion is a rib structure distributed axially or circumferentially, or is a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions distributed at intervals; the width of the rib structure or the average diameter of the cross section of the arc-shaped protrusion is less than 2 cm; the height of the protrusion is less than half the thickness of the plant winding interlayer. When it is a rib structure, the plant material is woven and wound directly from the surface of the protrusion, and this structure can significantly improve the thermal insulation performance. The width of the rib structure is preferably 0.5-1.5 cm, the spacing is 0.1-1.5 cm, more preferably 0.3-1 cm, and the height is preferably 0.2-1 cm. When it is an arc-shaped protrusion, linear plant materials can be interspersed between the protrusions, which can improve both the thermal insulation performance and the tightness of the weaving and winding. Among them, the inner surface of the outer shell layer is preferably an arc-shaped protrusion structure, so that when the outer shell layer is covered, the protrusions on its inner surface can be pressed into the plant winding interlayer, thereby improving the strength of the composite ventilation pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the plant-wound interlayer is woven from linear plant materials, including roots, stems, branches, or leaves of one or more plants selected from bamboo, rattan, willow, grass, palm, hemp, and sunflower. Such materials are strong, flexible, widely available, environmentally friendly, and easy to weave. The plant-wound interlayer can provide the plant-wound composite ventilation tubing with varying stiffness and strength in different directions through the combination of longitudinal, transverse, or diagonal weaving units, thereby adapting to wind speeds and pressures in different directions.

[0010] Furthermore, adjacent layers of the plant winding interlayer are woven with linear plant materials having equal or unequal cross-sectional widths, and the linear plant materials of adjacent layers are woven and wound alternately to cover the woven seams of the adjacent layers.

[0011] Furthermore, the braiding spacing of each layer of linear plant material in the plant winding interlayer is adjustable to meet requirements for different weaving porosities of the plant winding interlayer. When adjacent layers are woven with materials of equal cross-sectional width, 0 mm ≤ braiding spacing ≤ the cross-sectional width of the material; when adjacent layers are woven with materials of unequal cross-sectional widths, 0 mm ≤ braiding spacing ≤ the maximum cross-sectional width of the woven material.

[0012] Furthermore, by adjusting the size and distribution of the raised structures on the outer surface of the inner liner layer and / or the inner surface of the outer shell layer and the weaving spacing of each layer of linear plant material in the plant-wrapped interlayer, the porosity can be adjusted between 5% and 55%, thereby achieving controllable thermal insulation and shock absorption performance of the plant-wrapped interlayer.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the plant-wound interlayer is 10-35 mm, preferably 20-25 mm. The three-dimensional weaving methods include three-dimensional three-way, three-dimensional four-way, three-dimensional five-way, three-dimensional six-way, and three-dimensional seven-way. The thickness of the plant-wound interlayer can be adjusted accordingly based on the maximum wind speed and wind pressure requirements of different ventilation systems, as well as the ventilation pipe size requirements.

[0014] Furthermore, the linear plant material is subjected to flame retardant, antiseptic, and antibacterial treatments before braiding, so that the combustion performance of the linear plant material is not lower than the flame retardant B1 level specified in the current national standard GB 8624. The linear plant material can be subjected to adaptive antiseptic, antibacterial, and other treatments before braiding and winding, depending on the use requirements of different types of ventilation systems, to meet the antiseptic, antibacterial, and other performance requirements of different types of ventilation systems.

[0015] Furthermore, the protrusions are several spaced-apart rib structures or arc-shaped protrusions, and the average diameter of their cross sections is 0.2-1 cm, the height is 0.5-1 cm, and the spacing between adjacent protrusions is 1-5 mm; the linear plant material is interlaced and wound between the protrusions of the inner liner layer until the protrusions of the inner liner layer are covered.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner liner layer and the outer shell layer are color-coated steel plates or galvanized steel plates, and have a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm. The inner liner layer and the outer shell layer are integrally formed from a material with a certain rigidity and strength. The surface should be flat and smooth, with uniform thickness, and should not have defects such as cracks, scars, scratches, scars, etc. There should be no obvious oxide layer, peeling, coating shedding and other defects, and the coating should not be damaged during processing. The damaged part should be coated with anti-corrosion paint to ensure that the surface is free of damage, corrosion, pollution, and wrinkles. The inner liner layer serves as the supporting matrix for the plant winding interlayer, which is convenient for weaving and shaping. Therefore, only thinner materials need to be selected, which can greatly save the amount of steel.

[0017] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the inner layer and the outer shell are circular or polygonal structures with arc-shaped transitions, which facilitates the close fitting weaving of the plant winding interlayer and improves the material processability.

[0018] The outer shell layer is tightly wrapped around the outer surface of the plant-wound interlayer. In order to enhance the shock absorption performance of the plant-wound composite ventilation pipe, the inner liner layer, the plant-wound interlayer and the outer shell layer should be tightly attached, and the plant-wound interlayer should be woven and wound without stress defects.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] The plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe provided by the present invention uses a thick plant-wrapped interlayer as the primary pressure-bearing layer. It utilizes the mutual forces exerted by the braided and wound units, such as lifting and pressing, rather than adhesives or connectors, to secure the pipe. This avoids the increased risk of fire associated with adhesives or the increased costs associated with connectors, and is environmentally friendly and beneficial to human health. It also significantly reduces steel usage, saving costs.

[0021] The plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe in the present invention uses natural plant materials as raw materials, fully utilizing the excellent properties given by the internal microstructure of natural plant materials, providing the ventilation pipe with properties such as lightness, heat preservation, and shock absorption, which is of great significance to the promotion and application of plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipes.

[0022] The present invention optimizes strength, thermal insulation, and shock absorption by designing the surface structures of the inner and outer layers, aligning them with the plant-wound interlayer. By manipulating the plant-woven structure, the strength, thermal insulation, and shock absorption are further enhanced, eliminating the need for additional insulation layers and simplifying manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe with a circular cross section according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe with a quadrilateral cross section according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the inner liner layer and the outer shell layer have convex structures;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a local structure in which a weaving spacing is set for each layer of the plant winding interlayer;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a local structure for setting a weaving spacing for each layer in a plant winding interlayer;

[0029] Figure 6 Another partial structural diagram for setting a weaving spacing for each layer in the plant winding interlayer;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure in which no weaving spacing is set for each layer in the plant winding interlayer.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 1-Inner layer; 2-Plant winding interlayer; 3-Outer shell layer; 4-Protrusion; 5-Linear plant material; 6-Weaving spacing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] See also Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe in the present invention has a three-layer structure, which includes an inner liner layer 1, a plant-wrapped interlayer 2 and an outer shell layer 3 from the inside to the outside along the pipe diameter direction.

[0036] Among them, the preparation of the inner liner layer 1 includes: using an integrated processing and molding process to make a steel surface material such as a color steel plate or a galvanized steel plate with a thickness of 0.2 mm into the inner liner layer 1, whose cross-section is a circle or a quadrilateral with each side slowly transitioning into an arc shape, and the inner and outer surfaces are flat and smooth, with uniform thickness, no damage, no corrosion, no pollution, and no wrinkles.

[0037] The following is the preparation of the plant winding interlayer 2: first, the preparation work of the braided winding unit before braiding and winding, the braided winding unit of the processed natural plant materials with high strength and good flexibility such as bamboo, rattan, willow, grass, palm, hemp, sunflower, etc. (i.e. linear plant materials with a diameter between 0.1-5mm, or a cross-sectional width between 0.1-10mm and a thickness between 0.1-2mm, which is convenient for braiding and winding, and units with different cross-sectional sizes have different braiding flexibility and strength) is subjected to fireproof treatment so that its combustion performance is not lower than the current national standard GB The flame retardant B1 level specified in 8624 can be achieved through impregnation and adsorption of fire-retardant coatings. Then, according to the use requirements of different types of ventilation systems, the braided winding units are subjected to adaptive treatments such as anti-corrosion and antibacterial treatments to meet the anti-corrosion and antibacterial performance requirements of different types of ventilation systems, which can also be achieved through anti-corrosion and antibacterial coatings. The plant winding interlayer 2 is then braided and wound. Using a three-dimensional braiding technique, the inner liner layer 1 is used as a mold to tightly weave and wrap the braided winding units around the outer surface of the inner liner layer 1. The braiding is formed by interweaving, shuttling, pressing, and winding between the braided winding units. By matching and combining the longitudinal, transverse, or oblique braided winding units, the ventilation pipe is provided with stiffness and strength in different directions to adapt to wind speeds and pressures in different directions. Finally, a multi-layer plant braided winding layer with a thickness of 20-25mm can be made. Through multi-layer braiding and winding, the linear plant materials between the layers are interlaced, which improves the firmness in thickness and the tightness of the coating of the inner liner layer 1 is higher. Since the inner liner layer 1 mainly plays the role of mold shaping, the present invention only uses 0.2mm steel plates to produce composite ventilation pipes that meet the strength requirements of ventilation pipes, and the amount of steel used is significantly reduced.

[0038] Among them, three-dimensional weaving techniques include three-dimensional three-way, three-dimensional four-way, three-dimensional five-way, three-dimensional six-way, three-dimensional seven-way and other three-dimensional multi-directional weaving structures, thereby forming a high and thick plant winding interlayer 2. Figure 4-7 As shown, the weaving structure can be designed according to actual needs, and the bottom layer in the figure is adjacent to the inner liner layer 1.

[0039] Finally, the outer shell layer 3 is prepared: a steel surface material such as a color steel plate or a galvanized steel plate with a thickness of 0.2 mm is tightly wrapped on the outer surface of the plant winding interlayer 2, and an integrated processing and molding process is used to make the outer shell layer 3, whose cross-section is circular or a quadrilateral with each side slowly transitioning into an arc shape. The inner and outer surfaces are flat and smooth, with uniform thickness, no damage, no corrosion, no pollution, no wrinkles, and consistent color.

[0040] Finally, it was made into Figure 1 and 2 The cross section shown is a circular ventilation duct or a quadrilateral ventilation duct with each side transitioning slowly into an arc shape.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, a plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe is different from Example 1 in that the outer surface of the inner liner layer 1 and the inner surface of the outer shell layer 3 are provided with protrusions 4 of a rib structure distributed along the axial or circumferential direction. The width of the rib structure is preferably 0.2-1.5 cm, the spacing is 0.1-1.5 cm, more preferably 0.3-1 cm, and the height is preferably 0.2-1 cm, preferably 0.5 cm. The extrusion of the ribs helps to improve the tightness of the plant-wrapped interlayer 2 and the thermal insulation performance of the composite ventilation pipe. For example, when the weaving structure of the plant-wrapped interlayer 2 is the same as that of Example 1, when the outer surface of the inner liner layer 1 and the inner surface of the outer shell layer 3 are provided with a rib structure with a width of 0.5 cm, a height of 0.5 cm, and a spacing of 1 cm, the compressive strength is increased by 15% compared with Example 1, and the thermal insulation performance is increased by 20%.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the outer surface of the inner liner layer 1 and the inner surface of the outer shell layer 3 are provided with evenly distributed arc-shaped protrusions 4 with a cross-sectional diameter of 0.2-1.5cm, preferably 0.5-1cm, and a spacing of 0.1-1.5cm, more preferably 0.3-1cm. With such an arrangement, when weaving and winding, the linear plant weaving units can be interspersed between the protrusions 4, which can improve both the strength and the thermal insulation performance. The protrusions 4 on the inner surface of the outer shell 3 can also press the plant-wrapped interlayer 2 inward to further improve the strength. When the weaving structure of the plant-wrapped interlayer 2 is the same as that of Example 1, when the outer surface of the inner liner layer 1 and the inner surface of the outer shell 3 are provided with arc-shaped protrusions with a cross-sectional diameter of 0.5cm and a spacing of 1cm, the pressure bearing strength is increased by 25% compared with Example 1, and the thermal insulation performance is increased by 32%.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] A plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe, compared with Example 3, is different in that the adjacent layers of the plant-wrapped interlayer 2 are woven with linear plant materials of unequal cross-sectional widths, and the linear plant materials of the adjacent layers are woven and wound alternately to cover the weaving spacing of the adjacent layers. For example, from the innermost layer to the outside, materials with diameters of 0.4mm, 0.8mm, 0.4mm, 0.8mm, 0.4mm, 0.8mm, and 0.4mm are woven in sequence, and the woven materials with large diameters are woven alternately along the weaving spacing of the upper layer. On the one hand, the strength is improved, and on the other hand, the pore structure can be adjusted, thereby regulating the thermal insulation and shock absorption performance. When the inner liner layer 1 and the outer shell layer 3 are the same as those in Example 1, when the adjacent layers of the plant-wrapped interlayer 2 are woven and wound alternately to cover the weaving spacing, the porosity can be increased by a maximum of 15% and the thermal insulation performance is improved by 10%.

[0047] It can be seen that the present invention can significantly improve the strength and thermal insulation performance of the composite ventilation pipe by regulating the wall structure and plant winding braiding structure of the composite ventilation pipe. It has a simple structure and the raw materials are cheap and easily available, providing an effective way to economical ventilation pipes.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe, characterized in that: The plant-wound composite ventilation pipe comprises an inner liner layer, a plant-wound interlayer, and an outer shell layer in order from the inside to the outside along the pipe diameter direction; the plant-wound interlayer is tightly coated on the outer surface of the inner liner layer by a three-dimensional weaving method, and the thickness of the inner liner layer and the outer shell layer is less than 1 mm; The outer surface of the inner liner layer and / or the inner surface of the outer shell layer are provided with protrusions arranged alternately; The protrusions are rib structures distributed along the axial or circumferential direction, or are a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions distributed at intervals; the width of the rib structure or the average diameter of the cross section of the arc-shaped protrusions is less than 2 cm; the height of the protrusions is less than half the thickness of the plant winding interlayer; The protrusions are several spaced-apart rib structures or arc-shaped protrusions, and the average diameter of their cross-sections is 0.2-1 cm, the height is 0.5-1 cm, and the spacing between adjacent protrusions is 1-5 mm; the linear plant material is interlaced and wound between the protrusions of the inner liner layer until the protrusions of the inner liner layer are covered.

2. The plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant winding interlayer is woven from linear plant materials, and the linear plant materials include roots, stems, branches or leaves of one or more plants selected from bamboo, rattan, willow, grass, palm, hemp and sunflower.

3. The plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that: Adjacent layers of the plant winding interlayer are woven with linear plant materials having equal or unequal cross-sectional widths, and the linear plant materials of adjacent layers are woven and wound alternately to cover the woven seams of the adjacent layers.

4. The plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weaving spacing of each layer of linear plant material in the plant winding interlayer is adjustable to meet the requirements of different weaving porosities of the plant winding interlayer; The thickness of the plant winding interlayer is 10-35 mm; the three-dimensional weaving method includes three-dimensional three-directional, three-dimensional four-directional, three-dimensional five-directional, three-dimensional six-directional, and three-dimensional seven-directional.

5. The plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linear plant material is subjected to flame retardant, antiseptic and antibacterial treatments before weaving.

6. The plant-wrapped above-ground composite ventilation pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner layer and the outer shell are made of color steel plates or galvanized steel plates, and have a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm.

7. The plant-wrapped composite ventilation pipe according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross sections of the inner liner layer and the outer shell layer are circular or polygonal structures with arc-shaped transitions.

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