Tunnel soft rock sampling device and sampling method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of soft rock sampling, specifically a tunnel soft rock sampling device and a sampling method thereof, wherein the sampling device comprises a protective plate, a plurality of supporting legs being fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate, a connecting plate being slidably mounted on the plurality of supporting legs, a rotatable sampling barrel and a sampling power assembly connected to the sampling barrel being provided on the connecting plate, a stabilizing shaft being coaxially provided inside the sampling barrel that does not rotate with the sampling barrel; one end of the stabilizing shaft protrudes from the sampling barrel, a water inlet and a water outlet being correspondingly provided on the protruding end of the stabilizing shaft, and two flow water outlets being provided on the outer wall of the end portion of the stabilizing shaft located inside the sampling barrel. The present invention avoids rupture in the middle of the sample, allowing the soft rock sample column to be completely removed; avoids multiple cuttings that damage the soft rock sample column; avoids the flying of rock powder during the cutting process, and at the same time, expands the cutting seam by the expansion ring to facilitate the removal of the soft rock sample column.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soft rock sampling, in particular to a tunnel soft rock sampling device and a sampling method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soft rock refers to low-strength engineering rock masses that undergo significant deformation under relatively low stress conditions. Currently, there are no specialized instruments for sampling soft rock. In civil engineering testing, particularly in rock mechanics and mining engineering, studying the mechanical properties of rock samples through engineering survey and sampling techniques is a common method. The ring knife method is commonly used for sampling, but during this process, soft rock samples are prone to fracture, resulting in incomplete samples.

[0003] The Chinese patent application number CN202120022070.2 discloses a device for soft rock sampling in geological engineering, including a motor housing, a horizontal handle fixedly installed on the upper side of one side of the motor housing, buffer blocks fixedly installed on both sides and the top of the inner wall of the motor housing, the motor is fixedly installed on the motor housing through the buffer block, the driving end of the motor is fixedly installed with a fixed block, the bottom of the fixed block is provided with a mounting groove, the fixed block is clamped with the mounting block through the mounting groove, a sampling barrel is fixedly installed on the bottom of the mounting block, and a battery is fixedly installed on the top of the motor housing.

[0004] There are still deficiencies in the above patent: the device uses a sampling tube to sample soft rock, but during the sampling process, the sampling tube will generate huge vibrations while cutting the rock mass, causing the middle of the sample to break, making it impossible to form a complete soft rock sample.

[0005] The Chinese patent application number is CN202110978892.2, "A small column rock sample extraction device and extraction method for water-rich soft rock." The patent application process includes: 1. Selecting a rock sampling area that meets the installation and operating conditions of the device; 2. Marking the location of the cooling hole in the selected rock sampling area, drilling a hole, and injecting a set amount of water into the cooling hole; 3. Cooling the rock sampling area. When the set conditions are met, the cooling device is removed and the cooling hole is filled with concrete; 4. The small column rock sample extraction device for water-rich soft rock is fixed to the rock using fixing bolts and anchor bolts to complete the installation and fixation; 5. Starting the small column rock sample extraction device for water-rich soft rock, drilling core sampling on the frozen rock mass, stopping the operation when the length of the rock sample taken by the inner drill bit meets the requirements, and removing the small column rock sample. This patent still has some shortcomings: while the rock and soil strength is increased by freezing, it is not uniform and will also make the rock and soil more brittle, making it more prone to cracking during the sampling process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a tunnel soft rock sampling device and a sampling method thereof.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] A tunnel soft rock sampling device includes a protective plate, a plurality of support legs fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate, a connecting plate slidably mounted on the plurality of support legs, a rotatable sampling barrel provided on the connecting plate, and a sampling power assembly connected to the sampling barrel, a stabilizing shaft coaxially provided inside the sampling barrel that does not rotate with the sampling barrel;

[0009] One end of the stabilizing shaft extends from the sampling barrel, and a water inlet and a water outlet are correspondingly provided on the protruding end of the stabilizing shaft. Two flow water outlets are provided on the outer wall of the end portion of the stabilizing shaft located in the sampling barrel, and the two flow water outlets are correspondingly connected with the water inlet and the water outlet. The water inlet, the interior of the sampling barrel, and the water outlet constitute a water flow path for external high-pressure water to flow through.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting plate is slidably mounted on a plurality of supporting legs via ear plates, and the connecting plate and the ear plates are integrally cast.

[0011] Preferably, an expansion ring is provided at one end of the sampling tube, and the expansion ring and the sampling tube are integrally cast.

[0012] Preferably, a connecting sleeve is provided at the other end of the sampling cylinder, and the connecting sleeve and the sampling cylinder are cast as one piece, the outer wall of the connecting sleeve is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate, the sampling power assembly is connected to the connecting sleeve, and the stabilizing shaft is installed inside the connecting sleeve through a combined bearing.

[0013] Preferably, a protective shell is provided on the connecting plate, and the sampling power assembly is located inside the protective shell. The sampling power assembly includes a positioning block provided on the connecting plate, a driving motor connected to the positioning block, a driving wheel connected to the driving motor, and a driven wheel provided on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve, and the driving wheel is transmission-connected to the driven wheel.

[0014] Preferably, the combined bearing comprises a first bearing provided on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve and a second bearing provided on the stabilizing shaft, and the bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the second bearing.

[0015] Preferably, the first bearing is a roller bearing, and the second bearing is a linear bearing.

[0016] Preferably, a pressure plate is welded to the end of the stabilizing shaft located in the sampling tube, a limiting plate is provided on the outer wall of the end of the stabilizing shaft away from the pressure plate, a spring is provided between the pressure plate and the limiting plate, and a rubber pad is provided on the surface of the pressure plate.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting ring is provided on the outside of one side of the protective shell, a plurality of guide rods passing through the protective plate are provided on the connecting ring, and a control panel is provided on the extending ends of the plurality of guide rods.

[0018] A method for sampling soft rock in a tunnel, using the above-mentioned soft rock sampling device in a tunnel, comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step (1) determining the tunnel rock mass where soft rock sampling is required, aligning the sampling tube with the sampling position, and then fixing the sampling device on the tunnel rock mass via the support legs;

[0020] Step (2) connecting an external pressurized water pump and a water pump, wherein the pressurized water pump is connected to the water inlet, and the water pump is connected to the water outlet;

[0021] Step (3) starting the driving motor to drive the sampling tube to rotate at high speed through the driving wheel and the driven wheel;

[0022] Step (4) The operator holds the control panel and pushes the connecting plate and the sampling tube on the connecting plate along the support legs through the guide rod, so that the sampling tube cuts the soft rock in the tunnel rock mass to take samples.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The present invention stabilizes the soft rock sample column by providing a stabilizing shaft, and cooperates with high-pressure water flow to reduce the impact of vibration generated by cutting the sampling tube on the sample column, thereby avoiding rupture in the middle of the sample and allowing the soft rock sample column to be removed intact.

[0025] 2. The present invention reduces the heat generated by the sampling tube during the rock cutting process by the water flow formed inside the sampling tube, so that the sampling tube can keep working continuously and complete the soft rock sampling in one go, avoiding multiple cuttings and damage to the soft rock sample column.

[0026] 3. The present invention prevents rock powder from flying during the cutting process by wetting the rock mass before cutting. At the same time, the cutting seam is enlarged by the expansion ring to facilitate the removal of the soft rock sample column. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the overall assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a partial component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the transmission part of the invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sampling tube of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stabilizing shaft of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Protective plate; 2. Support leg; 3. Fixed block; 4. Ear plate; 5. Connecting plate; 6. Protective shell; 7. Sampling tube; 8. Guide rod; 9. Control panel; 10. Connecting ring; 11. Stabilizing shaft; 12. Driven wheel; 13. Driving wheel; 14. Positioning block; 15. Driving motor; 16. Expansion ring; 17. Connecting sleeve; 18. Water inlet; 19. Water outlet; 20. Bearing 1; 21. Bearing 2; 22. Pressure plate; 23. Rubber pad; 24. Spring; 25. Limiting plate; 26. Flow outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a tunnel soft rock sampling device includes a protective plate 1, three supporting legs 2 are welded to one side of the protective plate 1, three fixing blocks 3 are integrally cast at one end of the three supporting legs 2 away from the protective plate 1, positioning holes are opened at one end of the three fixing blocks 3, bolts or anchors are installed inside the positioning holes to fix the device to the rock mass, three ear plates 4 are slidably connected to the outer walls of the three supporting legs 2, linear bearings are provided at the connection between the three supporting legs 2 and the three ear plates 4, and a connecting plate 5 is integrally cast between the three ear plates 4.

[0036] The sampling assembly is arranged on the connecting plate 5. The sampling assembly includes a sampling part and a transmission part. The sampling part includes a sampling cylinder 7 and a stabilizing shaft 11. The sampling cylinder 7 is used for soft rock sampling. The stabilizing shaft 11 is used to stabilize the soft rock sample. The transmission part is used to drive the sampling part to rotate.

[0037] Furthermore, a connecting sleeve 17 is integrally cast at one end of the sampling tube 7 , and an expansion ring 16 is integrally cast at the other end of the sampling tube 7 . The expansion ring 16 is used to expand the cutting seam for soft rock sampling to facilitate the removal of the soft rock sample column.

[0038] The stabilizing shaft 11 is connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 17 , one end of the stabilizing shaft 11 is arranged inside the sampling tube 7 , the stabilizing shaft 11 remains stationary during the rotation of the sampling tube 7 , and the other end of the stabilizing shaft 11 extends from the connecting sleeve 17 .

[0039] Furthermore, a pressure plate 22 is welded to one end of the stabilizing shaft 11 located inside the sampling tube 7. The pressure plate 22 is used to press against the soft rock sample column to reduce damage to the soft rock sample column during the high-speed rotation of the sampling tube 7.

[0040] A spring 24 is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure plate 22, and one end of the spring 24 is fixedly connected to a limit plate 25. The limit plate 25 is sleeved on the outer wall of the stabilizing shaft 11 and fits with the inner wall of one end of the sampling tube 7. A rubber pad 23 is bonded to the other side of the pressure plate 22.

[0041] A combined bearing is provided on the outer wall where the stabilizing shaft 11 is connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 17. The combined bearing enables the stabilizing shaft 11 to move linearly relative to the sampling tube 7 without rotating, thereby ensuring the stability of the soft rock sample column during the sampling process.

[0042] Specifically, the combined bearing includes bearing 1 20 and bearing 2 21. Bearing 1 20 is sleeved on the outer wall of bearing 2 21. Bearing 1 20 is configured as a roller bearing. The outer ring of bearing 1 20 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 17. Bearing 2 21 is configured on the outer wall of the stabilizing shaft 11. Bearing 2 21 is configured as a linear bearing.

[0043] The end of the stabilizing shaft 11 extending outside the sampling tube 7 is welded with a water inlet 18 and a water outlet 19. Two water flow ports 26 are symmetrically opened on the outer wall of the end of the stabilizing shaft 11 located inside the sampling tube 7. The water inlet 18 and the water outlet 19 are connected to the two water flow ports 26.

[0044] The water inlet 18 is connected to an external pressurized water pump, which supplies high-pressure water flow to the inside of the sampling tube 7 through the water inlet 18; the water outlet 19 is connected to an external water pump, which extracts water flow from the inside of the sampling tube 7 through the water outlet 19.

[0045] Through the above structure, water is taken in by the water inlet 18 and the water outlet 19 is used to discharge water, so that water flow is formed inside the sampling tube 7, reducing the heat generated by the sampling tube 7 during the rock cutting process, so that the sampling tube 7 can keep working continuously, and soft rock sampling can be completed in one time, avoiding multiple cuttings and damage to the soft rock sample column; at the same time, the flow of high-pressure water flow can, to a certain extent, transmit the vibration generated during the cutting process of the sampling tube 7, reducing the impact of the vibration on the soft rock sample column.

[0046] The transmission part includes a driven wheel 12, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 17. One side of the driven wheel 12 is connected to the driving wheel 13, and one side of the driving wheel 13 is fixedly connected to the drive motor 15.

[0047] The transmission between the driven wheel 12 and the driving wheel 13 is mainly stable to ensure that the sampling tube 7 can rotate stably and at high speed. The driven wheel 12 and the driving wheel 13 can be set as gears or sprockets; the output shaft of the driving motor 15 passes through the driving wheel 13 and extends outward, and is rotatably connected to the extension section with a positioning block 14. The positioning block 14 is welded to the front of the connecting plate 5, and the driving motor 15 is kept relatively fixed to the connecting plate 5 through a bracket (not shown in the figure).

[0048] The front of the connecting plate 5 is fixedly connected to a protective shell 6, and the transmission part is arranged inside the protective shell 6. The protective shell 6 is used to protect the transmission part and reduce the impact of the external environment on the transmission part. A connecting ring 10 is welded on one side of the front of the protective shell 6.

[0049] The protective plate 1 and the protective shell 6 are both provided with through holes at positions corresponding to the stabilizing shaft 11 for cooperating with the operation of the entire device.

[0050] The front of the connecting ring 10 is fixedly connected to three guide rods 8, which pass through the protective plate 1 and extend outward. The three guide rods 8 are slidably connected to the protective plate 1. The extended ends of the three guide rods 8 are welded to a control board 9. The control board 9 is used by the operator to move the sampling tube 7 by hand.

[0051] A method for sampling soft rock in a tunnel, using the above-mentioned soft rock sampling device in a tunnel, comprises the following steps:

[0052] Step (1) Determine the tunnel rock mass where soft rock sampling is required, align the sampling tube 7 with the sampling position, maintain a gap of three to five millimeters between the expansion ring 16 and the rock mass, and then fix the fixing block 3 to the rock mass with bolts, and then fix the device to the rock mass. During the fixing process, keep the position of the sampling tube 7 relatively stable, with a deviation within two millimeters.

[0053] Step (2) Connecting an external pressurized water pump and a water pump; the pressurized water pump is connected to the water inlet 18, and the water pump is connected to the water outlet 19.

[0054] Step (3) starts the drive motor 15, the pressurized water pump and the water pump. The drive motor 15 drives the sampling tube 7 to rotate at high speed; the pressurized water pump supplies high-pressure water flow, and the water flow is discharged through the flow water port 26 connected to the water inlet 18, enters the interior of the sampling tube 7, and preliminarily wets the rock mass.

[0055] In step (four), the operator holds the control panel 9 and drives the connecting plate 5 to move at a constant speed, so that the sampling tube 7 cuts and samples the rock mass, and drives the protective shell 6 to move through the control panel 9 and the guide rod 8, and then drives the connecting plate 5 to move synchronously, so that the sampling tube 7 gradually fits the rock mass and cuts the rock mass; during the cutting process, the pressure plate 22 fits the soft rock sample column through the rubber pad 23 and stabilizes the soft rock sample column; at the same time, high-pressure water continues to flow into the sampling tube 7 to flush the rock powder produced by the cutting and reduce the stability of the sampling tube 7. Excess water is discharged through the water outlet 19 and the water pump; after the soft rock sample column cutting work is completed, the sampling tube 7 is slowly and uniformly led out, and water is continuously injected during this process; after the sampling tube 7 is completely separated from the rock mass, the device is removed from the rock mass; and then the soft rock sample column is taken out through other instruments.

[0056] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and description merely illustrate the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel soft rock sampling device, characterized by: The invention comprises a protective plate (1), a plurality of supporting legs (2) being fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate (1), a connecting plate (5) being slidably mounted on the plurality of supporting legs (2), a rotatable sampling barrel (7) and a sampling power assembly connected to the sampling barrel (7) being provided on the connecting plate (5), and a stabilizing shaft (11) which does not rotate with the sampling barrel (7) being coaxially provided inside the sampling barrel (7); One end of the stabilizing shaft (11) extends from the sampling tube (7), and a water inlet (18) and a water outlet (19) are correspondingly provided on the extended end of the stabilizing shaft (11). Two flow water ports (26) are provided on the outer wall of the end portion of the stabilizing shaft (11) located in the sampling tube (7). The two flow water ports (26) are correspondingly connected to the water inlet (18) and the water outlet (19). The water inlet (18), the interior of the sampling tube (7), and the water outlet (19) constitute a water flow path for external high-pressure water to flow through. One end of the sampling tube (7) is provided with an expansion ring (16), and the expansion ring (16) and the sampling tube (7) are integrally cast; the other end of the sampling tube (7) is provided with a connecting sleeve (17), and the connecting sleeve (17) and the sampling tube (7) are integrally cast, and the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (17) is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate (5), the sampling power assembly is connected to the connecting sleeve (17), and the stabilizing shaft (11) is mounted inside the connecting sleeve (17) through a combined bearing; a protective shell (6) is provided on the connecting plate (5), and the sampling power assembly is located at the connecting plate (5). In the protective shell (6), the sampling power assembly includes a positioning block (14) arranged on the connecting plate (5), a driving motor (15) connected to the positioning block (14), a driving wheel (13) connected to the driving motor (15), and a driven wheel (12) arranged on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (17), wherein the driving wheel (13) is transmission-connected to the driven wheel (12); the combined bearing includes a bearing 1 (20) arranged on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (17), and a bearing 2 (21) arranged on the stabilizing shaft (11), wherein the bearing 1 (20) is sleeved on the outer wall of the bearing 2 (21).

2. The tunnel soft rock sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (5) is slidably mounted on the plurality of supporting legs (2) via the ear plates (4), and the connecting plate (5) and the ear plates (4) are integrally cast.

3. The tunnel soft rock sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bearing (20) is a roller bearing, and the second bearing (21) is a linear bearing.

4. The tunnel soft rock sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure plate (22) is welded to the end of the stabilizing shaft (11) located in the sampling tube (7), a limit plate (25) is provided on the outer wall of the end of the stabilizing shaft (11) away from the pressure plate (22), a spring (24) is provided between the pressure plate (22) and the limit plate (25), and a rubber pad (23) is provided on the plate surface of the pressure plate (22).

5. The tunnel soft rock sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting ring (10) is provided on the outside of one side of the protective shell (6), and a plurality of guide rods (8) passing through the protective plate (1) are provided on the connecting ring (10), and a control plate (9) is provided on the extended ends of the plurality of guide rods (8).

6. A method for sampling soft rock in a tunnel, characterized by: A tunnel soft rock sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following steps: Step (1) determining the tunnel rock mass where soft rock sampling is required, aligning the sampling tube (7) with the sampling position, and then fixing the sampling device on the tunnel rock mass via the support legs (2); Step (2) connecting an external pressurized water pump and a water pump, wherein the pressurized water pump is connected to the water inlet (18), and the water pump is connected to the water outlet (19); Step (3) starting the driving motor (15) to drive the sampling tube (7) to rotate at high speed via the driving wheel (13) and the driven wheel (12); Step (4) The operator holds the control panel (9) and pushes the connecting plate (5) and the sampling tube (7) on the connecting plate (5) along the support leg (2) through the guide rod (8), so that the sampling tube (7) cuts the soft rock in the tunnel rock mass to sample.

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