A method for calculating accessibility considering time-varying energy consumption

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for calculating accessibility based on time-varying power consumption, comprising the following steps: (1) acquiring the road network structure, drawing a regional road network map, and collecting long-distance OD travel data and related travel data for each road in the region; (2) processing the acquired data, dividing it into time periods, and calculating the speed function based on the time period; (3) proposing a method for calculating the electric vehicle power consumption function based on speed using the collected power consumption data; (4) obtaining a method for calculating the power consumption value function for different departure times based on the power consumption function; (5) proposing the concept of accessibility and providing a method for calculating the accessibility of OD to the regional road network; (6) proposing a method for selecting future charging station locations based on the accessibility of the regional road network and demonstrating it. This invention can provide a reference for calculating the accessibility of electric vehicles in a regional road network and for selecting charging station locations for electric vehicles in the coming year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road network design and evaluation in transportation planning and management, and specifically to an accessibility calculation method that takes into account time-varying power consumption. Background Technology

[0002] my country's economy has developed rapidly, and the number of private cars has increased dramatically. To reduce carbon emissions, the development and popularization of electric vehicles has also been rapid, and their trend of replacing gasoline vehicles is becoming increasingly obvious. However, most electric vehicle owners experience "range anxiety" and report problems with "charging difficulties." Therefore, people still hold some skepticism about the long-distance travel capabilities of electric vehicles. In daily life, there are also embarrassing situations where electric vehicles run out of power and are stranded on the road. Incorrectly assessing the driving range of an electric vehicle can lead to the following problems:

[0003] 1. Causing traffic-related problems: When electric vehicles travel long distances, incorrect assessments may cause the electric vehicle to fail to reach its destination on time. At the same time, if the battery runs out while driving, the situation is even more serious, causing traffic congestion at best and rear-end collisions and other traffic accidents at worst.

[0004] 2. Impact on the reputation of electric vehicles: When car owners actually drive electric vehicles, the actual mileage may differ significantly from the estimated mileage due to varying road conditions at different times. Often, the mileage falls far short of the estimated level, leading to a series of travel problems that negatively impact the sales of electric vehicles.

[0005] 3. Impact on the layout of electric vehicle charging stations: Inaccurate assessment of driving range may lead to an irrational distribution of charging stations. In areas with high charging demand, the number of charging stations may be insufficient to meet the needs of the population, resulting in the so-called "charging difficulty" problem.

[0006] Researching the accessibility of electric vehicles is of great significance to the development of electric vehicles and people's travel. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new method to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the existing problem of electric vehicle range by proposing an accessibility calculation method that considers time-varying power consumption. By taking into account the time-varying characteristics of road speed in the road network and combining the relationship between electric vehicle range and speed, the method proposes the characteristics of time-varying power consumption of roads in the road network, thereby improving the accuracy of road network accessibility calculation and increasing people's trust in electric vehicle travel.

[0008] To achieve the above functions, this invention designs an accessibility calculation method that considers time-varying power consumption. For the road network of the target area, the following steps S1-S6 are executed to calculate the accessibility of the road network in the target area, obtain the site selection scheme for charging stations in the target area, and complete the deployment of each charging station:

[0009] Step S1: Based on the road network of the target area, construct the topology of the road network of the target area, and based on each road node and the route between each road node in the topology of the road network of the target area, represent the topology of the road network of the target area as a road network structure graph G(N,A), where N represents the set of road nodes and A represents the set of routes between road nodes.

[0010] Historical travel data of each electric vehicle in the target area within a preset time range is collected. The historical travel data is in OD pair format, where O represents the origin and D represents the destination. The travel speed of each electric vehicle on each road in the target area at each time of day is also collected.

[0011] Step S2: For each road in the target area, calculate the average driving speed of each electric vehicle at each time of day, divide the day into a preset number of time periods, and construct the electric vehicle speed function for each time period based on the average driving speed of each electric vehicle at each time of day.

[0012] Step S3: Based on the driving speed of each electric vehicle, fit the electric vehicle power consumption function, which is used to represent the relationship between the driving speed of the electric vehicle and the power consumption.

[0013] Step S4: Based on the electric vehicle speed function for each time period obtained in Step S2 and the electric vehicle power consumption function obtained in Step S3, construct a power consumption value function based on departure time. The power consumption value function based on departure time is used to represent the power consumption of electric vehicles at different departure times on different roads in the target area.

[0014] Step S5: Based on the topology of the road network in the target area, calculate the energy budget of the electric vehicle traveling in each OD pair, calculate the actual energy consumption of the electric vehicle according to the energy consumption value function based on the departure time, and obtain the accessibility of each OD pair by comparing the energy budget and actual energy consumption of the electric vehicle traveling in each OD pair.

[0015] Step S6: Based on the accessibility of each OD pair in the road network of the target area, obtain the site selection scheme of the charging station in the target area and complete the deployment of each charging station.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the road network structure diagram G(N,A) mentioned in step S1, wherein the set of road nodes N={1,2,,…,n1}, n1 is the total number of road nodes, and the set of routes between road nodes A={(i,j)|i≠j and i,j∈N}, (i,j) represents the route between road node i and road node j;

[0017] The historical travel data is in the form of Where k i For OD pairs, k i =(O i D i ), indicating that the road node O i Taking the starting point of the trip as the road node D i Let n be the destination, and n2 be the number of OD pairs;

[0018] Collect the speeds of each electric vehicle on route (i,j) at each time t throughout the day, and construct a set.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0020] Step S21: Calculate the average speed v of each electric vehicle on route (i,j) at each time point throughout the day. ij (t) is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, For set V ij The elements in (t), n3 is the set V ij The total number of elements in (t);

[0023] Step S22: Divide the day into n4 equal periods, where the l-th period is denoted as T. l l = 1, 2, ..., n4; and

[0024] Calculate the electric vehicle speed function v for each time period. ij (T l As shown in the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, For T l The number of time points t counted in the time period.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the least squares method is used to fit the electric vehicle power consumption function q(v) in step S3, as shown in the following formula:

[0028] q(v) = av 2 +bv+c

[0029] In the formula, a, b, and c are all coefficients to be fitted.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for solving the coefficients to be fitted in the fitted electric vehicle energy consumption function q(v) is as follows:

[0031] Collect the speed and power consumption of n5 electric vehicles, denoted as (v i ,q i Given i ∈ [1,2,…,n5], construct the objective function F as follows:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula q i The collected data represents the electricity consumption of electric vehicles, q(v) i (Based on the speed v of the electric vehicle) i The calculated electric vehicle energy consumption is evaluated using the objective function F, which minimizes the collected electric vehicle energy consumption q. i The calculated electric vehicle energy consumption q(v) i The sum of squares of the differences;

[0034] Solve the following system of equations to obtain the fitting coefficients a, b, and c in the electric vehicle energy consumption function q(v):

[0035]

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps of step S4 are as follows:

[0037] Step S41: Let ot be the time when the electric vehicle on line (i,j) departs from road node i, and let T be the time period in which ot is located. l Let dt be the time when the electric vehicle arrives at road node j, and let T be the time period in which dt falls. k Then dt is calculated as follows:

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, d ij Let (i,j) be the length of the line.

[0040] Step S42: Based on the time dt when the electric vehicle arrives at road node j and the time period T in which dt is located. k Construct the power consumption value function Q ij (t) is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] The calculation of A is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps of step S5 are as follows:

[0045] Step S51: Based on OD, k i Origin of travel i Destination D i Shortest route distance between and the standard power consumption per kilometer for electric vehicles q std Calculate k i Electricity budget As shown in the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, q represents the standard power consumption per kilometer for electric vehicles. std The calculation method is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] Step S52: Calculate k based on the power consumption function constructed in step S4. i Actual power consumption Compare and The size, if Then k i To be reachable, remember Otherwise, it is unreachable, and is recorded as... For OD to k i Accessibility;

[0050] Step S53: For each OD pair of the target area road network, repeat steps S51-S52 to calculate the reachability of each OD pair. Further calculate the reachability K of the target area road network as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Where n2 is the number of OD pairs.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps of step S6 are as follows:

[0054] Step S61: The location of charging stations in the target area is selected only from existing road nodes in the road network of the target area, without adding any new road nodes. The power demand of each road node is calculated and a table is drawn. The location schemes are selected according to the power demand of each road node from largest to smallest. The calculation method for the power demand of each road node is as follows:

[0055] Step S611: Obtain the reachability of each statistically analyzed OD pair, and obtain the power budget and actual power consumption. Find it The OD pair initializes the power demand of all road nodes in the target area road network to 0.

[0056] Step S612: Calculation The difference between the actual power consumption and the power budget of the OD pair The difference is then evenly distributed to each non-originating and non-endpoint road node on the OD pair path, all unreachable OD pairs are distributed sequentially, and the total power demand of each road node is calculated.

[0057] Step S62: Within the budgeted number of charging stations to be built, formulate a site selection plan for charging stations in the target area, complete the deployment of each charging station, and mark and display them.

[0058] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include:

[0059] 1. Based on the time-varying characteristics of road speed and combined with the correlation characteristics of electric vehicle power consumption and speed, this invention calculates the time-varying characteristics of road power consumption. During electric vehicle travel, it provides a more scientific and accurate estimate of power consumption, promptly reminds drivers to replenish power, prevents insufficient power during electric vehicle operation, and avoids traffic safety problems caused by this.

[0060] 2. This invention provides support for the future replacement of gasoline-powered vehicles with electric vehicles. For gasoline-powered vehicles traveling on fixed routes, it can calculate when to depart to ensure sufficient battery power to reach the destination, and also provide charging suggestions before departure. The use of electric vehicles will significantly reduce overall travel costs and also solve vehicle emissions problems to some extent. If battery consumption is too high during the route and there are insufficient charging stations along the route, replacement is not recommended.

[0061] 3. This invention can provide a reference for the site selection of charging stations in future regions. By collecting a large number of origin-destination (OD) travel paths, the charging demand of certain nodes in the road network can be calculated. Constructing charging stations at these points can not only meet the charging needs of vehicles along the routes but also increase the revenue of the charging stations. Charging stations can also price electricity differently based on charging demand at different times. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an accessibility calculation method considering time-varying power consumption provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 This is a regional road network structure diagram provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 It is a function-fitted graph of power consumption and driving speed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating a charging station site selection scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0066] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 This invention provides an accessibility calculation method considering time-varying power consumption. For the road network of a target area, the following steps S1-S6 are performed to calculate the accessibility of the road network in the target area, obtain the site selection scheme for charging stations in the target area, and complete the deployment of each charging station:

[0068] Step S1: Based on the road network of the target area, construct the topology of the road network of the target area, and based on each road node and the route between each road node in the topology of the road network of the target area, represent the topology of the road network of the target area as a road network structure graph G(N,A), where N represents the set of road nodes and A represents the set of routes between road nodes.

[0069] The road network of the target area can be obtained by using the China Highway Network to obtain the route connections and route lengths between cities. Then, the topology of the road network of the target area is generated by manually numbering the roads or by using software such as ArcGIS. Cities and roads in the road network are numbered sequentially from left to right and from top to bottom to obtain the set of road nodes N = {1,2,,…,n1}, the set of routes between road nodes A = {(i,j)|i≠j and i,j∈N}, and the road network structure diagram G(N,A).

[0070] Based on the driving range of electric vehicles, through transit traffic surveys, historical travel data (travel distance greater than 100km) of each electric vehicle within a preset time range is obtained. The historical travel data is in OD pair form, where O represents the origin and D represents the destination. The driving speed of each electric vehicle at each time of day on each road in the target area is collected through road detection facilities.

[0071] In one embodiment, taking a certain area in the Yangtze River Delta region as the target area, the topology of the road network in the target area is constructed based on the road network of the target area. The road network structure diagram of the target area is referenced. Figure 2 The road network structure diagram contains 11 nodes, and the numbers on the lines connecting the nodes represent the distances. Each OD pair is in the form of OD = {(11,2),(4,8),(1,7),(6,8),(3,10),(6,10)}, and the departure time is assumed to be t = 0.

[0072] For the OD pair (i,j), the driving speed of each electric vehicle at each time point within 24 hours on (1,2) is collected. The collected data is in the form of (speed, time), and the specific data is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] Step S2: For each road in the target area, calculate the average driving speed of each electric vehicle at each time of day, divide the day into a preset number of time periods, and construct the electric vehicle speed function for each time period based on the average driving speed of each electric vehicle at each time of day.

[0075] To reduce computational complexity, it is assumed that the speed of the electric vehicle remains constant within the same time period.

[0076] Based on the (speed, time) data of each electric vehicle obtained in step S1, 24 hours are divided into 3 time periods, namely T1=(0,8], T2=(8,16], and T3=(16,24].

[0077] Calculate the time-based velocity function v of edge (1,2). ij (T l )for:

[0078]

[0079] For ease of calculation, a time-based velocity function v is given for each edge (i,j). ij (t) are all v 12 (t).

[0080] Step S3: Based on the driving speed of each electric vehicle, fit the electric vehicle power consumption function, which is used to represent the relationship between the driving speed of the electric vehicle and the power consumption.

[0081] Collect vehicle speed data and power consumption data. The data format is (speed, power consumption), and the specific data is {(10,5.1),(20,4.9),(15,2.5),(25,12.5),(18,3.4)}.

[0082] In real life, speed has a significant impact on the range of electric vehicles. Driving too fast or too slow will shorten the driving range. Therefore, assuming that the driving range of an electric vehicle has a quadratic function relationship with its speed, we can fit the electric vehicle's energy consumption function q(v) = av. 2 +bv+c; Define the objective function as... Solve the following system of equations.

[0083]

[0084] The parameters of the power consumption function are obtained as a = 0.1, b = -3, c = 25. The resulting graph shows the relationship between power consumption and driving speed. Figure 3 As shown, the energy consumption function of an electric vehicle is as follows:

[0085] q(v)=0.1v 2 -3v+25;

[0086] Step S4: Based on the electric vehicle speed function for each time period obtained in Step S2 and the electric vehicle power consumption function obtained in Step S3, construct a power consumption value function based on departure time. The power consumption value function based on departure time is used to represent the power consumption of electric vehicles at different departure times on different roads in the target area.

[0087] Step S5: Based on the topology of the road network in the target area, calculate the energy budget of the electric vehicle traveling in each OD pair, calculate the actual energy consumption of the electric vehicle according to the energy consumption value function based on the departure time, and obtain the accessibility of each OD pair by comparing the energy budget and actual energy consumption of the electric vehicle traveling in each OD pair.

[0088] It should be noted that the accessibility calculation in this invention only considers whether the battery power is sufficient, and does not consider the travel time of the electric vehicle. It also assumes that the electric vehicle will not stop at any node in the road network.

[0089] Taking the OD pair (11,2) as an example:

[0090] In the road network structure diagram G(N,A), the shortest path is 11—9—7—5—2, with a departure time t=0. Therefore, the power consumption function Q of path (11,9) is... 11,9 The calculation steps for (t) are as follows:

[0091] Determine the time when the time to reach node 9 is at time 9. t The time period is specified as follows:

[0092]

[0093] get:

[0094] d 11,9 =63=(9 t -0)×10

[0095] 9 t =6.3, belonging to time period T1;

[0096] Therefore, the power consumption function Q of edge (11,9) is... ij (t) is:

[0097]

[0098] Similar to the calculation steps above, the power consumption function Q for path (11,9) is... 11,9 The calculation steps for (t) are as follows: determine the time period to which the arrival time at node 7 belongs, as shown in the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] d 9,7 =46=(8-6.3)×10+(9 t -8)×20

[0101] Get 7 t =9.45, belonging to time period T2

[0102] Therefore, the power consumption function Q of edge (9,7) ij (t) is:

[0103]

[0104] The subsequent calculation results are shown below: the arrival time of node 5 is 5. t =10.7, belonging to time period T2;

[0105] The power consumption function Q of edge (7,5) ij (t) is: Q 7,5 (9.45) = 6.25;

[0106] The arrival time of node 2 is 5. t =14.45, belonging to time period T2;

[0107] The power consumption function Q of edge (5,2) ij (t) is: Q 5,2 (10.7) = 18.75;

[0108] Therefore, the total power consumption for the entire route is:

[0109] Q 11,2 =31.5 + 15.75 + 6.25 + 18.75 = 72.25

[0110] Given a standard vehicle power consumption of q per kilometer std The calculation formula is:

[0111]

[0112] Since in this embodiment, no node arrives within the T3 time period for the given OD pair, n4 = 2 is taken;

[0113] Therefore: 209 represents the shortest path length.

[0114] but, Therefore, OD pair (11,2) is reachable. Similarly, the data for other OD pairs are calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0115] Table 1

[0116]

[0117] Therefore, the reachability K of this region is calculated as follows:

[0118]

[0119] Step S6: Based on the accessibility of each OD pair in the road network of the target area, obtain the site selection scheme of the charging station in the target area and complete the deployment of each charging station.

[0120] Initialize the power requirement of all nodes in the network to 0. Based on the unreachable OD pairs, modify the node power requirement Q. i ;

[0121] Based on the OD pair (1,7), the power requirements of non-OD nodes 2 and 5 are modified as follows:

[0122]

[0123] The results are shown in Table 2:

[0124] Table 2

[0125] node 1 2 3 4 5 Power demand 0 0.8125 0 0 0.8125 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 0 0 0 0 0

[0126] Based on the OD setting, the power requirement of node 5 at (3,10) is modified as follows:

[0127] The results are shown in Table 3:

[0128] Table 3

[0129] node 1 2 3 4 5 Power demand 0 0.8125 0 0 6.0625 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 0 0 0 0 0

[0130] The budgeted construction quantity is set at 2. The selected nodes are labeled, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0131] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating accessibility considering time-varying energy consumption, characterized in that, For the road network of the target area, perform the following steps S1-S6 to calculate the accessibility of the road network in the target area, obtain the site selection scheme of charging stations in the target area, and complete the deployment of each charging station: Step S1: Based on the road network of the target area, construct the topology of the road network of the target area, and based on each road node and the routes between each road node in the topology of the road network of the target area, represent the topology of the road network of the target area as a road network structure diagram. Where N represents the set of road nodes and A represents the set of routes between road nodes; Historical travel data of each electric vehicle in the target area within a preset time range is collected. The historical travel data is in OD pair format, where O represents the origin and D represents the destination. The travel speed of each electric vehicle on each road in the target area at each time of day is also collected. Step S2: For each road in the target area, calculate the average driving speed of each electric vehicle at each time of day, divide the day into a preset number of time periods, and construct the electric vehicle speed function for each time period based on the average driving speed of each electric vehicle at each time of day. Step S3: Based on the driving speed of each electric vehicle, fit the electric vehicle power consumption function, which is used to represent the relationship between the driving speed of the electric vehicle and the power consumption. Step S4: Based on the electric vehicle speed function for each time period obtained in Step S2 and the electric vehicle power consumption function obtained in Step S3, construct a power consumption value function based on departure time. The power consumption value function based on departure time is used to represent the power consumption of electric vehicles at different departure times on different roads in the target area. Step S5: Based on the topology of the road network in the target area, calculate the energy budget of the electric vehicle traveling in each OD pair, calculate the actual energy consumption of the electric vehicle according to the energy consumption value function based on the departure time, and obtain the accessibility of each OD pair by comparing the energy budget and actual energy consumption of the electric vehicle traveling in each OD pair. Step S6: Based on the accessibility of each OD pair in the road network of the target area, obtain the site selection scheme of the charging station in the target area and complete the deployment of each charging station.

2. The accessibility calculation method considering time-varying power consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The road network structure diagram described in step S1 The set of road nodes , The total number of road nodes, and the set of routes between road nodes. , This represents the route between road node i and road node j; The historical travel data is in the form of ,in For OD pairs, , indicating road nodes As the starting point of the trip, based on road nodes For the destination of the trip, For the number of OD pairs; Data collection line The speeds of all electric vehicles at each time t during the day are recorded, and a set is constructed. .

3. The accessibility calculation method considering time-varying power consumption according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: Step S21: Calculate the route Average speed of each electric vehicle at different times of the day As shown in the following formula: ； In the formula, For set The elements in For set The total number of elements in; Step S22: Divide the day into equal parts There are 1 time periods, where the l-th time period is denoted as . , ;and ; Calculate the electric vehicle speed function for each time period. As shown in the following formula: ； In the formula, for The number of time points t counted in the time period.

4. The accessibility calculation method considering time-varying power consumption according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S3, fit the electric vehicle's energy consumption function. The least squares method is used, as shown in the following formula: ； In the formula, , , All of these are coefficients to be fitted.

5. The accessibility calculation method considering time-varying power consumption according to claim 4, characterized in that, Solve for the fitted electric vehicle energy consumption function The method for finding the coefficients to be fitted is as follows: collection The speed and power consumption of an electric vehicle are denoted as . , The objective function F is constructed as follows: ； In the formula The collected data represents the electricity consumption of electric vehicles. To determine the speed of electric vehicles The calculated electric vehicle energy consumption is evaluated using the objective function F, which minimizes the collected electric vehicle energy consumption. With the calculated electric vehicle power consumption Sum of squares of the differences; Solve the following system of equations to obtain the energy consumption function of the electric vehicle. The coefficients to be fitted , , : 。 6. The accessibility calculation method considering time-varying power consumption according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S4 are as follows: Step S41: Record the route The time when the electric vehicle departs from road node i is , The time period Let the time when the electric vehicle arrives at road node j be denoted as . , The time period is ,but The calculation is as follows: ； In the formula, For the line length; Step S42: Based on the time when the electric vehicle arrives at road node j , The time period Construct a power consumption value function As shown in the following formula: ； The calculation of A1 is as follows: 。 7. The accessibility calculation method considering time-varying power consumption according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S5 are as follows: Step S51: Based on OD pair China's travel origin Destination of the trip Shortest route distance between and the standard power consumption per kilometer for electric vehicles ,calculate Electricity budget As shown in the following formula: ； In the formula, the standard power consumption per kilometer for electric vehicles is... The calculation method is as follows: ； Step S52: Calculate the power consumption value function constructed in step S4. Actual power consumption ;Compare and The size, if ,but To be reachable, remember Otherwise, it is unreachable and is recorded as... , For OD Accessibility; Step S53: For each OD pair of the target area road network, repeat steps S51-S52 to calculate the reachability of each OD pair, and further calculate the reachability K1 of the target area road network as follows: ； in, For the number of OD pairs.

8. The accessibility calculation method considering time-varying power consumption according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S6 are as follows: Step S61: The location of charging stations in the target area is selected only from existing road nodes in the road network of the target area, without adding any new road nodes. The power demand of each road node is calculated and a table is drawn. The location schemes are selected according to the power demand of each road node from largest to smallest. The calculation method for the power demand of each road node is as follows: Step S611: Obtain the reachability of each statistically analyzed OD pair, and obtain the power budget and actual power consumption. Find out among them The OD pair initializes the power demand of all road nodes in the target area road network to 0. Step S612: Calculation The difference between the actual power consumption and the power budget of the OD pair The difference is then evenly distributed to each non-originating and non-endpoint road node on the OD pair path, all unreachable OD pairs are distributed sequentially, and the total power demand of each road node is calculated. Step S62: Within the budgeted number of charging stations to be built, formulate a site selection plan for charging stations in the target area, complete the deployment of each charging station, and mark and display them.

Images