Impeller excited double-acting axial impact drilling device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of impeller excitation type double-acting axial impact drilling device, including outer shell and the lower joint of being connected in one end of outer shell, energy conversion mechanism is also sequentially installed in outer shell, rotary valve mechanism and axial impact mechanism, energy conversion mechanism is used to drive rotary valve mechanism periodic opening and closing;Axial impact mechanism includes hammer cylinder and axial impact hammer, also includes setting device, when operating state, drilling fluid impact energy conversion mechanism drives rotary valve mechanism periodic opening and closing, drilling fluid enters hammer cylinder and lifts axial impact hammer until axial impact hammer opens setting device, axial impact hammer impacts lower joint, completes once axial impact.The application is driven by impeller, there is no radial vibration caused by eccentricity, can cause higher frequency axial vibration under smaller flow, improve drilling efficiency and drilling tool service life;Periodic high-frequency axial vibration can be generated, etc. Characteristics, can effectively reduce the pressure support, stick-slip phenomenon of drill bit during drilling process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mine drilling device, in particular to a kind of impeller excited double-acting axial impact drilling device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, domestic oilfields exist the problems of slow drilling speed, short service life of drilling tools, long drilling cycle and high drilling cost in deep well and ultra-deep well, hard rock stratum drilling, which directly restricts the overall benefit of deep well and ultra-deep well drilling speed and exploration and development. With the development of oil industry and the increase of exploration and development difficulty, oil and gas drilling is developing deeper and wider, and the problem of hard stratum drilling is becoming increasingly prominent. How to solve the problem of hard rock drilling in oil and gas wells is one of the topics that oil drilling engineering and technical personnel at home and abroad are very concerned about.

[0003] It is a technical problem in the drilling process to achieve rapid drilling in high-hardness or conglomerate strata. When the PDC drill bit drills hard strata or abrasive strata, the drill bit may not be able to break the strata due to insufficient torque, at which time the drill string continues to twist due to the accumulation of elastic potential energy, until the PDC drill bit overcomes the strata resistance, the energy in the drill string is released instantaneously, causing the drill string and the drill bit to vibrate violently, the drill bit suddenly accelerates, causing the drill bit to be damaged, i.e. stick-slip phenomenon. In most unconventional wells, due to the poor well structure and rock drillability, the friction between the drill string and the well wall is greater than that in conventional wells, which can cause drill bit pressure, sticking phenomenon, and reduce drilling efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a kind of impeller excited double-acting axial impact drilling device, solve the problem of low drill bit life, drill bit failure, long drilling cycle and low drilling efficiency caused by stick-slip, pressure, sticking and other phenomena during drilling in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of impeller excited double-acting axial impact drilling device, including outer shell and the lower joint connected at one end of outer shell, the lower joint is hollow structure, and the first fluid passage is formed along the axial direction;

[0006] The energy conversion mechanism, the rotary valve mechanism and the axial impact mechanism are sequentially installed in the outer shell, the energy conversion mechanism is located at the end of the outer shell away from the lower joint, the rotary valve mechanism is installed on the energy conversion mechanism,

[0007] The energy conversion mechanism is used to drive the rotary valve mechanism to open and close periodically;

[0008] The axial impact mechanism includes a hammer cylinder coaxially mounted inside the housing and an axial impact hammer mounted inside the hammer cylinder. The axial impact hammer has a through cavity along its own axial direction.

[0009] The axial impact hammer includes a first axial impact hammer and a second axial impact hammer connected coaxially. The diameter of the first axial impact hammer is larger than the diameter of the second axial impact hammer, and the outer wall of the first axial impact hammer and the inner wall of the hammer body cylinder are matched.

[0010] The axial impact mechanism further includes a setter coaxially mounted in the housing. The setter includes a setter plate, a setter rod, and a setter head coaxially connected. The diameter of the setter plate is larger than the diameter of the setter rod, and a setter hole is provided on the setter plate.

[0011] The setting rod is arranged through the through cavity, the setting plate is located on the side of the axial impact hammer near the energy conversion mechanism, and the setting head is located on the side of the axial impact hammer near the lower connector.

[0012] Both the axial impact hammer and the seat sealer can move within the hammer body cylinder along their own axial direction.

[0013] The setting plate is axially positioned by the top of the hammer body cylinder.

[0014] The gap between the energy conversion mechanism and the outer shell, the rotary valve mechanism, the setting hole, the through cavity, and the first fluid channel form a drilling fluid channel;

[0015] When not in operation, the setting plate contacts the top of the hammer body cylinder, the axial impact hammer contacts the lower connector, and the setting head contacts the lower connector, thus sealing the first fluid channel.

[0016] When in operation, the drilling fluid impacts the energy conversion mechanism, which drives the rotary valve mechanism to open and close periodically. The drilling fluid enters the hammer body and lifts the axial impact hammer until it pushes open the setter. The first fluid channel opens, and the axial impact hammer impacts the lower joint, completing one axial impact.

[0017] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0018] The energy conversion mechanism includes an impeller shaft coaxially mounted inside the housing and an impeller sleeved on the outside of the impeller shaft. One end of the impeller shaft is connected to a rotary valve mechanism, and the other end is connected to a mounting plate sleeved inside the housing.

[0019] The energy conversion mechanism also includes a guide tube sleeved on the impeller shaft and located between the impeller and the rotary valve mechanism, with the impeller shaft passing through the guide tube and connected to the rotary valve mechanism;

[0020] The impeller shaft is connected to the guide tube via a bearing. A bearing end cap is fitted onto the end of the impeller shaft that extends out of the guide tube and faces the impeller. A wear-resistant ring is fitted onto the end of the impeller shaft that extends out of the guide tube and faces away from the impeller.

[0021] The rotary valve mechanism includes a rotary valve body connected to one end of the impeller shaft that extends out of the guide tube and a single-hole flow channel seat sleeved inside the outer shell;

[0022] The rotary valve body includes a connecting rod connected to the impeller shaft and a sealing block connected to the end of the connecting rod, and the number of the connecting rod and the sealing block are corresponding.

[0023] The single-hole flow channel seat includes a seat body and a flow channel formed on the seat body. The sealing block is in contact with the top surface of the single-hole flow channel seat, and the sealing block periodically closes the flow channel as the impeller shaft rotates.

[0024] The flow channel extends through the single-hole flow channel seat, and the axis of the flow channel does not coincide with the axis of the single-hole flow channel seat.

[0025] The connecting rod includes a horizontal mounting rod that is vertically installed on the side of one end of the impeller shaft that extends out of the guide tube, and a vertical mounting rod that is vertically connected to the horizontal mounting rod. The sealing block is installed on one end of the vertical mounting rod.

[0026] The distance between the axis of the vertical mounting rod and the axis of the impeller shaft is the same as the distance between the axis of the flow channel and the axis of the impeller shaft.

[0027] There are two rotary valve bodies;

[0028] The horizontal mounting rods of the two rotary valve bodies are respectively symmetrically and vertically installed on both sides of the end of the impeller shaft that extends out of the guide tube;

[0029] Sealing blocks are installed on the vertical mounting rods of the two rotary valve bodies respectively.

[0030] The outer shell includes an upper connector and an impact housing that are coaxially sleeved together. One end of the impact housing is connected to the upper connector, and the other end is connected to the lower connector.

[0031] The energy conversion mechanism is arranged inside the upper connector, and the axial impact mechanism is placed inside the impact housing.

[0032] A sleeve is fitted inside the outer shell;

[0033] The sleeve includes a first sleeve fitted inside the upper connector, between the guide tube and the single-hole flow channel seat, and a second sleeve fitted inside the impact housing on the other side of the single-hole flow channel seat.

[0034] The top of the single-hole flow channel seat is positioned by the first sleeve, and the bottom is positioned by the second sleeve;

[0035] The bottom end of the hammer body cylinder contacts the lower connector, a fixing ring is arranged on the outer side of the hammer body cylinder, the bottom end of the second sleeve contacts the fixing ring, and the fixing ring also contacts the stepped surface of the inner wall of the impact housing.

[0036] The lower connector is equipped with an anvil at its top. The anvil is a hollow structure and is connected to the first fluid channel.

[0037] When not in operation, the setting plate contacts the top of the hammer body cylinder, the axial impact hammer contacts the lower connector, and the setting head contacts the anvil, thus sealing the first fluid channel.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0039] (I) This invention can be driven by an impeller, which has the advantages of reliable operation, high temperature resistance and low pressure drop. There is no radial vibration caused by eccentricity, and it will not have a significant impact on sensitive components. It can induce high-frequency axial vibration at a small flow rate, which effectively reduces the friction between the drill string and the well wall during drilling, and improves drilling efficiency and drill string service life. It can generate periodic high-frequency axial vibration, which can effectively reduce the pressure and stick-slip phenomenon of the drill bit during drilling. It is of great significance for improving mechanical drilling speed, drilling efficiency and drill string life.

[0040] (II) The impeller-excited double-acting axial impact drilling device of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate, safe and reliable, highly adaptable, does not affect the drill string structure, has high automated construction efficiency, high operating accuracy, and can cooperate with a group of machines to complete construction operations. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the AA cross section of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the BB cross-section of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the CC cross section of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the single-hole flow channel seat structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the setting device structure of the present invention. Figure I ;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the setting device structure of the present invention. Figure II ;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the axial impact hammer structure of the invention;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary valve mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] The meanings of the labels in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0051] 1-Outer shell; 2-Lower connector; 3-Energy conversion mechanism; 4-Rotary valve mechanism; 5-Axial impact mechanism; 6-Sleeve; 7-Anvil;

[0052] 1-1 Upper connector, 1-2 Impact housing;

[0053] 3-1 Impeller shaft, 3-2 Impeller, 3-3 Guide tube, 3-4 Bearing, 3-5 Bearing end cover, 3-6 Wear-resistant ring;

[0054] 4-1 Rotary valve body, 4-2 Single-hole flow channel seat;

[0055] 4-1-1 Connecting rod, 4-1-2 Sealing block, 4-1-3 Horizontal mounting rod, 4-1-4 Vertical mounting rod;

[0056] 4-2-1 base, 4-2-2 flow channel;

[0057] 5-1 Hammer body cylinder, 5-2 Axial impact hammer, 5-3 Through cavity, 5-4 Sealing device, 5-5 Fixing ring;

[0058] 5-2-1 First axial impact hammer, 5-2-2 Second axial impact hammer;

[0059] 5-4-1 Sealing plate, 5-4-2 Sealing rod, 5-4-3 Sealing head, 5-4-4 Sealing hole;

[0060] 6-1 First sleeve; 6-2 Second sleeve;

[0061] The specific content of the present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] The terms “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “top,” and “bottom” used in this invention refer to orientations or positional relationships only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. “Inner” and “outer” refer to the inner and outer contours of the corresponding components, and the above terms should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0064] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] Unless otherwise specified, all components in this invention are components known in the prior art.

[0066] Example 1:

[0067] Following the above technical solutions, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, an impeller-excited double-acting axial impact drilling device includes an outer shell 1 and a lower connector 2 connected to one end of the outer shell 1. The lower connector 2 is a hollow structure and forms a first fluid channel along the axial direction.

[0068] An energy conversion mechanism 3, a rotary valve mechanism 4, and an axial impact mechanism 5 are sequentially installed inside the outer casing 1. The energy conversion mechanism 3 is located inside the outer casing 1 at the end furthest from the lower connector 2, and the rotary valve mechanism 4 is mounted on the energy conversion mechanism 3.

[0069] The energy conversion mechanism 3 is used to drive the rotary valve mechanism 4 to open and close periodically;

[0070] The rotary valve mechanism 4 has only one valve port. The energy conversion mechanism 3 drives the rotary valve mechanism 4 to rotate, causing the valve port to periodically close and open. Through the periodic closing and opening of the valve port, high-frequency periodic pulse-like liquid energy is generated and enters the axial impact mechanism 5.

[0071] The axial impact mechanism 5 includes a hammer cylinder 5-1 coaxially mounted inside the outer shell 1 and an axial impact hammer 5-2 mounted inside the hammer cylinder 5-1. The axial impact hammer 5-2 has a through cavity 5-3 along its own axial direction.

[0072] The axial impact hammer 5-2 includes a first axial impact hammer 5-2-1 and a second axial impact hammer 5-2-2 coaxially connected. The diameter of the first axial impact hammer 5-2-1 is larger than the diameter of the second axial impact hammer 5-2-2. The outer wall of the first axial impact hammer 5-2-1 and the inner wall of the hammer body cylinder 5-1 are matched.

[0073] The axial impact mechanism 5 further includes a seater 5-4 coaxially installed inside the housing 1. The seater 5-4 includes a seater plate 5-4-1, a seater rod 5-4-2, and a seater head 5-4-3 coaxially connected. The diameter of the seater plate 5-4-1 is larger than the diameter of the seater rod 5-4-2, and a seater hole 5-4-4 is provided on the seater plate 5-4-1.

[0074] The setting rod 5-4-2 is arranged through the through cavity 5-3, the setting plate 5-4-1 is located on the side of the axial impact hammer 5-2 near the energy conversion mechanism 3, and the setting head 5-4-3 is located on the side of the axial impact hammer 5-2 near the lower connector 2.

[0075] Both the axial impact hammer 5-2 and the seat sealer 5-4 can move along their own axial direction within the hammer body cylinder 5-1.

[0076] The setting plate 5-4-1 is axially positioned by the top of the hammer cylinder 5-1.

[0077] The gap between the energy conversion mechanism 3 and the outer shell 1, the rotary valve mechanism 4, the setting hole 5-4-4, the through cavity 5-3 and the first fluid channel form a drilling fluid channel;

[0078] When not in operation, the setting plate 5-4-1 contacts the top of the hammer body cylinder 5-1, the axial impact hammer 5-2 contacts the lower connector 2, and the setting head 5-4-3 contacts the lower connector 2, thus sealing the first fluid channel.

[0079] When in operation, the drilling fluid impacts the energy conversion mechanism 3, which drives the rotary valve mechanism 4 to open and close periodically. The drilling fluid enters the hammer body cylinder 5-1 and lifts the axial impact hammer 5-2 until the axial impact hammer 5-2 pushes open the setter 5-4, the first fluid channel is opened, and the axial impact hammer 5-2 impacts the lower connector 2, completing one axial impact.

[0080] The 5-4-1 portion of the sealing plate has two holes every 60 degrees along the circumference, with a distance of 12mm between the two holes, for a total of 12 holes.

[0081] Drilling fluid enters the interior through the rotary valve mechanism 4, forming a high-pressure fluid flow in the lower chamber of the axial impact hammer 5-2. Under the pressure difference between the upper and lower end faces of the hammer, the axial impact hammer 5-2 gradually rises, pushing open the setting device 5-4 and opening the previously closed first fluid channel. The drilling fluid flows out through the first fluid channel, and the fluid pressure in the lower chamber of the axial impact hammer 5-2 decreases. Under the action of the upper fluid pressure and its own gravity, the axial impact hammer 5-2 accelerates downward until it impacts the lower connector 2, completing the impact process.

[0082] As a preferred embodiment:

[0083] The energy conversion mechanism 3 includes an impeller shaft 3-1 coaxially mounted inside the outer casing 1 and an impeller 3-2 sleeved on the outside of the impeller shaft 3-1. One end of the impeller shaft 3-1 is connected to a rotary valve mechanism 4, and the other end is connected to a mounting plate 1-2 sleeved inside the outer casing 1.

[0084] The energy conversion mechanism 3 also includes a guide tube 3-3 sleeved on the impeller shaft 3-1 and located between the impeller 3-2 and the rotary valve mechanism 4. The impeller shaft 3-1 passes through the guide tube 3-3 and is connected to the rotary valve mechanism 4.

[0085] The impeller shaft 3-1 is connected to the guide tube 3-3 via the bearing 3-4. The end of the impeller shaft 3-1 that extends out of the guide tube 3-3 and faces the impeller 3-2 is fitted with a bearing end cover 3-5. The end of the impeller shaft 3-1 that extends out of the guide tube 3-3 and faces away from the impeller 3-2 is fitted with a wear-resistant ring 3-6.

[0086] The impeller 3-2 and impeller shaft 3-1 are connected by a key. The upper end of the impeller 3-2 is locked and positioned by a lock nut, and the lower end of the impeller 3-2 is positioned by a shaft shoulder. High-speed drilling fluid impacts the impeller 3-2, and the motion and force are transmitted through the key connection to drive the impeller shaft 3-1 to rotate. The bearing 3-4 is installed on the guide tube 3-3. The upper end of the bearing 3-4 is positioned by the bearing end cover 3-5, and the lower end of the bearing 3-4 is positioned by the protrusion of the guide tube 3-3. The O-ring is installed in the annular groove inside the bearing end cover 3-5 to seal and prevent liquid from flowing into the bearing 3-4, which would cause bearing lubrication failure and increase wear.

[0087] The positioning screw is installed between the upper connector 1 and the guide tube 3-3 for circumferential positioning of the guide tube 3-3 and to prevent the guide tube 3-3 from rotating circumferentially. The part of the guide tube 3-3 that contacts the impeller shaft 3-1 is sealed with an O-ring, and a wear-resistant ring 3-6 is installed at the lower part of the guide tube 3-3. The wear-resistant ring 3-6 is installed at the lower end of the guide tube 3-3, and the upper part of the wear-resistant ring 3-6 is positioned by the lower end of the guide tube 3-3, while the lower part is positioned by a shaft collar. The rotation of the impeller shaft 3-1 drives the rotary valve mechanism 4 to rotate through a key connection.

[0088] Drilling fluid flows in from the upper connector 1, impacting the impeller 3-2 and causing it to rotate. This, in turn, drives the impeller shaft 3-1 to rotate, thereby converting liquid energy into mechanical energy. The drilling fluid is collected in the internal cavity of the rotary valve mechanism 4 via the guide tube 3-3. The rotation of the impeller shaft 3-1 drives the rotary valve mechanism 4 to rotate via the flat key, causing the flow channel 4-2-2 of the single-hole flow seat 4-2 to close periodically, thus generating periodic pulsed liquid energy.

[0089] As a preferred embodiment:

[0090] The rotary valve mechanism 4 includes a rotary valve body 4-1 connected to one end of the impeller shaft 3-1 that extends out of the guide tube 3-3, and a sealing block 4-1-2 connected to the end of the rotary valve body 4-1;

[0091] The rotary valve mechanism 4 includes a rotary valve body 4-1 connected to one end of the impeller shaft 3-1 that extends out of the guide tube 3-3 and a single-hole flow channel seat 4-2 sleeved inside the outer shell 1;

[0092] The rotary valve body 4-1 includes a connecting rod 4-1-1 connected to the impeller shaft 3-1 and a sealing block 4-1-2 connected to the end of the connecting rod 4-1-1, and the number of the connecting rod 4-1-1 and the sealing block 4-1-2 are corresponding.

[0093] The single-hole flow channel seat 4-2 includes a seat body 4-2-1 and a flow channel 4-2-2 opened on the seat body 4-2-1. The sealing block 4-1-2 is in contact with the top surface of the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2. The sealing block 4-1-2 periodically seals the flow channel 4-2-2 as the impeller shaft 3-1 rotates.

[0094] The flow channel 4-2-2 extends through the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2, and the axis of the flow channel 4-2-2 does not coincide with the axis of the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2.

[0095] The connecting rod 4-1-1 includes a horizontal mounting rod 4-1-3 that is vertically installed on the side of one end of the impeller shaft 3-1 that extends out of the guide tube 3-3, and a vertical mounting rod 4-1-4 that is vertically connected to the horizontal mounting rod 4-1-3. The sealing block 4-1-2 is installed on one end of the vertical mounting rod 4-1-4.

[0096] The distance between the axis of the vertical mounting rod 4-1-4 and the axis of the impeller shaft 3-1 is the same as the distance between the axis of the flow channel 4-2-2 and the axis of the impeller shaft 3-1.

[0097] There are two rotary valve bodies 4-1; the horizontal mounting rods 4-1-3 of the two rotary valve bodies 4-1 are respectively symmetrically and vertically installed on both sides of one end of the impeller shaft 3-1 that extends out of the guide tube 3-3;

[0098] Sealing blocks 4-1-2 are respectively installed on the vertical mounting rods 4-1-4 of the two rotary valve bodies 4-1 to prevent vibration caused by eccentricity.

[0099] In this embodiment, the flow channel 4-2-2 includes a first flow channel, a second flow channel, and a third flow channel that are connected. The first flow channel is connected to the upper plane of the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2, and the third flow channel is connected to the lower plane of the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2. The axis of the first flow channel does not coincide with the axis of the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2, while the axis of the third flow channel coincides with the axis of the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2. The second flow channel connects the first flow channel and the third flow channel.

[0100] The size of the sealing block 4-1-2 is slightly larger than the diameter of the first flow channel, ensuring that the sealing block 4-1-2 can seal the flow channel 4-2-2 when it rotates with the impeller shaft 3-1.

[0101] To adjust the frequency of the liquid energy pulse, one can adjust the drilling fluid inflow rate on the one hand, and the number of rotary valve body 4-1 and sealing block 4-1-2 on the other hand.

[0102] As a preferred embodiment:

[0103] The outer shell 1 includes an upper connector 1-1 and an impact shell 1-2 that are coaxially connected. One end of the impact shell 1-2 is connected to the upper connector 1-1, and the other end is connected to the lower connector 2.

[0104] The energy conversion mechanism 3 is arranged inside the upper connector 1-1, and the axial impact mechanism 5 is arranged inside the impact housing 1-2.

[0105] The upper connector 1-1 and the lower connector 2 are connected to both ends of the impact housing 1-2 by threads.

[0106] As a preferred embodiment:

[0107] A sleeve 6 is fitted inside the outer shell 1;

[0108] The sleeve 6 includes a first sleeve 6-1 fitted inside the upper connector 1-1, between the guide tube 3-3 and the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2, and a second sleeve 6-2 fitted inside the impact housing 1-2 on the other side of the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2.

[0109] As a preferred embodiment:

[0110] The top end of the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2 is positioned by the first sleeve 6-1, and the bottom end is positioned by the second sleeve 6-2;

[0111] The bottom end of the hammer body cylinder 5-1 contacts the lower connector 2. A fixing ring 5-5 is arranged on the outer side of the hammer body cylinder 5-1. The bottom end of the second sleeve 6-2 contacts the fixing ring 5-5. At the same time, the fixing ring 5-5 also contacts the stepped surface of the inner wall of the impact housing 1-2.

[0112] A rubber gasket is installed between the single-hole flow channel seat 4-2 and the second sleeve 6-2; a rubber gasket is installed between the seat sealing plate 5-4-1 and the hammer body cylinder 5-1.

[0113] The lower end of the second sleeve 6-2 is positioned by a fixing ring 5-5; a sealing ring is installed between the hammer body cylinder 5-1 and the axial impact hammer;

[0114] As a preferred embodiment:

[0115] The lower connector 2 is equipped with an anvil 7 at its top. The anvil 7 is a hollow structure and is connected to the first fluid channel.

[0116] When not in operation, the setting plate 5-4-1 contacts the top of the hammer body cylinder 5-1, the axial impact hammer 5-2 contacts the lower connector 2, and the setting head 5-4-3 contacts the anvil 7, thus sealing the first fluid channel.

[0117] A rubber gasket is provided between the anvil 7 and the lower connector 2 to buffer energy transmission and prevent internal parts from being damaged by impact; a central flow channel is provided in the middle of the anvil 7 for drilling fluid to flow into the bottom of the hole for cleaning and backflow prevention.

[0118] The anvil 7 and lower connector 2 form a transmission mechanism and a backflow prevention mechanism. They are used to transmit the impact load generated by the axial impact hammer 5-2 impacting the anvil 7, and the liquid can flow out through the central flow channel of the anvil 7. This prevents mud and sand from flowing back into the impact device, blocking the liquid outflow channel, and causing pump stalling, thus serving as a backflow prevention mechanism.

[0119] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0120] Before the axial impact mechanism starts working: the setter 5-4 and the axial impact hammer 5-2 are both located at the bottom of their respective strokes under the action of gravity. The setter head 5-4-3 at the bottom of the setter 5-4 is in close contact with the central flow channel of the anvil 3, and the drilling fluid is sealed in the cavity.

[0121] Drilling fluid flows in from the upper connector 1, impacting the impeller 3-2 and causing it to rotate. This, in turn, drives the impeller shaft 3-1 to rotate, thus converting liquid energy into mechanical energy. The drilling fluid is collected in the internal cavity of the rotary valve mechanism 4 via the guide tube 3-3. The rotation of the impeller shaft 3-1 drives the rotary valve mechanism 4 to rotate via a flat key.

[0122] Drilling fluid flows into the internal channel of the axial impact hammer 5-2 through the flow channel 4-2-2. Due to the closure of the setting head 5-4-3 and the anvil 3, the drilling fluid forms a high-pressure fluid flow in the lower chamber of the axial impact hammer 5-2. Because the effective pressure-bearing area at the lower end of the axial impact hammer 5-2 is larger than that at the upper end, under the action of the pressure difference between the upper and lower end faces, the axial impact hammer 5-2 gradually moves upward until it contacts the setting head 5-4. The setting head 5-4 moves upward under the action of the axial impact hammer 5-2, and the setting head 5-4-3 moves upward and disengages from contact with the anvil 7. At this time, the central flow channel of the anvil 7 is opened, and the drilling fluid flows out through the central flow channel, causing the fluid pressure in the lower chamber of the axial impact hammer 5-2 to drop sharply. At this time, the axial impact hammer 5-2 accelerates downward under the action of the upper liquid pressure and its own gravity, impacting the anvil 7 and completing one axial impact.

[0123] The axial impact hammer 5-2 has a longer stroke than the seater 5-4. Therefore, when the axial impact hammer 5-2 impacts the anvil 7, the seater 5-4 has reached its initial state and has closed with the central flow channel of the anvil 7. At this time, each component returns to its initial position before operation and begins the next cycle of operation.

[0124] The transfer mechanism and the backflow prevention mechanism are mainly composed of an anvil 7 and a lower connector 2. After one axial impact, the drilling fluid flows into the bottom of the hole through the central flow channel of the anvil 7 and the lower connector 2 for cleaning. Before the axial impact mechanism works, the central flow channel of the anvil 7 is closed to prevent the outflowing drilling fluid from flowing back into the axial impact mechanism, blocking the liquid outflow channel, causing pump stalling, and thus playing a role in preventing backflow.

[0125] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention without creative effort are covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-acting axial impact drilling device for impeller excitation, comprising an outer casing (1) and a lower connector (2) connected to one end of the outer casing (1), the lower connector (2) being a hollow structure forming a first fluid channel along the axial direction; characterized in that, The outer casing (1) is also equipped with an energy conversion mechanism (3), a rotary valve mechanism (4), and an axial impact mechanism (5) in sequence. The energy conversion mechanism (3) is located inside the outer casing (1) at the end away from the lower connector (2). The rotary valve mechanism (4) is mounted on the energy conversion mechanism (3). The energy conversion mechanism (3) is used to drive the rotary valve mechanism (4) to open and close periodically; The axial impact mechanism (5) includes a hammer cylinder (5-1) coaxially installed in the outer shell (1) and an axial impact hammer (5-2) installed in the hammer cylinder (5-1). The axial impact hammer (5-2) has a through cavity (5-3) along its own axis. The axial impact hammer (5-2) includes a first axial impact hammer (5-2-1) and a second axial impact hammer (5-2-2) connected coaxially. The diameter of the first axial impact hammer (5-2-1) is larger than the diameter of the second axial impact hammer (5-2-2). The outer wall of the first axial impact hammer (5-2-1) and the inner wall of the hammer body cylinder (5-1) are fitted together. The axial impact mechanism (5) further includes a seater (5-4) coaxially installed in the outer casing (1). The seater (5-4) includes a seater plate (5-4-1), a seater rod (5-4-2), and a seater head (5-4-3) coaxially connected. The diameter of the seater plate (5-4-1) is larger than the diameter of the seater rod (5-4-2), and a seater hole (5-4-4) is provided on the seater plate (5-4-1). The seating rod (5-4-2) is arranged through the through cavity (5-3), the seating disc (5-4-1) is located on the side of the axial impact hammer (5-2) near the energy conversion mechanism (3), and the seating head (5-4-3) is located on the side of the axial impact hammer (5-2) near the lower connector (2). The axial impact hammer (5-2) and the seat sealer (5-4) can both move along their own axis within the hammer body cylinder (5-1); The setting plate (5-4-1) is axially positioned by the top of the hammer body cylinder (5-1). The gap between the energy conversion mechanism (3) and the outer shell (1), the rotary valve mechanism (4), the seat sealing hole (5-4-4), the through cavity (5-3) and the first fluid channel form a drilling fluid channel; When not in operation, the setting plate (5-4-1) contacts the top of the hammer body cylinder (5-1), the axial impact hammer (5-2) contacts the lower connector (2), and the setting head (5-4-3) contacts the lower connector (2), thus sealing the first fluid channel; When in operation, the drilling fluid impact energy conversion mechanism (3) drives the rotary valve mechanism (4) to open and close periodically. The drilling fluid enters the hammer body cylinder (5-1) and lifts the axial impact hammer (5-2) until the axial impact hammer (5-2) pushes open the seat seal (5-4). The first fluid channel is opened, and the axial impact hammer (5-2) impacts the lower connector (2) to complete one axial impact.

2. The impeller-excited double-acting axial impact drilling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy conversion mechanism (3) includes an impeller shaft (3-1) coaxially mounted inside the outer casing (1) and an impeller (3-2) sleeved on the outside of the impeller shaft (3-1). One end of the impeller shaft (3-1) is connected to a rotary valve mechanism (4), and the other end is connected to a mounting plate (1-2) sleeved inside the outer casing (1). The energy conversion mechanism (3) further includes a guide tube (3-3) sleeved on the impeller shaft (3-1) and located between the impeller (3-2) and the rotary valve mechanism (4). The impeller shaft (3-1) passes through the guide tube (3-3) and is connected to the rotary valve mechanism (4). The impeller shaft (3-1) is connected to the guide tube (3-3) via a bearing (3-4). The end of the impeller shaft (3-1) that extends out of the guide tube (3-3) and faces the impeller (3-2) is fitted with a bearing end cap (3-5). The end of the impeller shaft (3-1) that extends out of the guide tube (3-3) and faces away from the impeller (3-2) is fitted with a wear-resistant ring (3-6).

3. The impeller-excited double-acting axial impact drilling device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary valve mechanism (4) includes a rotary valve body (4-1) connected to one end of the impeller shaft (3-1) that extends out of the guide tube (3-3) and a single-hole flow channel seat (4-2) sleeved inside the outer shell (1). The rotary valve body (4-1) includes a connecting rod (4-1-1) connected to the impeller shaft (3-1) and a sealing block (4-1-2) connected to the end of the connecting rod (4-1-1), and the number of the connecting rod (4-1-1) and the sealing block (4-1-2) are corresponding. The single-hole flow channel seat (4-2) includes a seat body (4-2-1) and a flow channel (4-2-2) opened on the seat body (4-2-1). The sealing block (4-1-2) is in contact with the top surface of the single-hole flow channel seat (4-2). The sealing block (4-1-2) periodically closes the flow channel (4-2-2) as the impeller shaft (3-1) rotates. The flow channel (4-2-2) extends through the single-hole flow channel seat (4-2), and the axis of the flow channel (4-2-2) does not coincide with the axis of the single-hole flow channel seat (4-2).

4. The impeller-excited double-acting axial impact drilling device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting rod (4-1-1) includes a horizontal mounting rod (4-1-3) that is vertically installed on the side of one end of the impeller shaft (3-1) that extends out of the guide tube (3-3) and a vertical mounting rod (4-1-4) that is vertically connected to the horizontal mounting rod (4-1-3). The sealing block (4-1-2) is installed on one end of the vertical mounting rod (4-1-4). The distance between the axis of the vertical mounting rod (4-1-4) and the axis of the impeller shaft (3-1) is the same as the distance between the axis of the flow channel (4-2-2) and the axis of the impeller shaft (3-1).

5. The impeller-excited double-acting axial impact drilling device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, There are two rotary valve bodies (4-1); The horizontal mounting rods (4-1-3) of the two rotary valve bodies (4-1) are respectively symmetrically and vertically installed on both sides of one end of the impeller shaft (3-1) that extends out of the guide tube (3-3); Sealing blocks (4-1-2) are respectively installed on the vertical mounting rods (4-1-4) of the two rotary valve bodies (4-1).

6. The impeller-excited double-acting axial impact drilling device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The outer shell (1) includes an upper connector (1-1) and an impact shell (1-2) that are coaxially connected. One end of the impact shell (1-2) is connected to the upper connector (1-1), and the other end is connected to the lower connector (2). The energy conversion mechanism (3) is arranged in the upper connector (1-1), and the axial impact mechanism (5) is arranged in the impact housing (1-2).

7. The impeller-excited double-acting axial impact drilling device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer shell (1) is fitted with a sleeve (6); The sleeve (6) includes a first sleeve (6-1) fitted inside the upper connector (1-1) between the guide tube (3-3) and the single-hole flow channel seat (4-2) and a second sleeve (6-2) fitted inside the impact housing (1-2) on the other side of the single-hole flow channel seat (4-2).

8. The impeller-excited double-acting axial impact drilling device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The top end of the single-hole flow channel seat (4-2) is positioned by the first sleeve (6-1), and the bottom end is positioned by the second sleeve (6-2); The bottom end of the hammer body cylinder (5-1) is in contact with the lower connector (2). A fixing ring (5-5) is arranged on the outside of the hammer body cylinder (5-1). The bottom end of the second sleeve (6-2) is in contact with the fixing ring (5-5). At the same time, the fixing ring (5-5) is also in contact with the stepped surface of the inner wall of the impact housing (1-2).

9. The impeller-triggered double-acting axial percussion drilling apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The lower connector (2) is equipped with an anvil (7) at its top. The anvil (7) is a hollow structure and is connected to the first fluid channel. When not in operation, the setting plate (5-4-1) contacts the top of the hammer body cylinder (5-1), the axial impact hammer (5-2) contacts the lower connector (2), and the setting head (5-4-3) contacts the anvil (7), thus sealing the first fluid channel.

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