A method for retrieving vertical column density of atmospheric ozone by ultraviolet hyperspectral

Abstract

The present application relates to ozone concentration inversion, in particular to a kind of ultraviolet hyperspectral atmospheric ozone vertical column concentration inversion method, based on Lambert-Beer law determines fitting equation;Linear fitting matrix M is constructed, vector is constructed according to linear fitting matrix M and vector fitting equation is converted into matrix form;The slant column concentration value of ozone is solved by least square method;Air quality factor AMF is calculated;The vertical column concentration value of ozone is calculated using the slant column concentration value of ozone and air quality factor AMF;The technical scheme provided by the present application can effectively overcome the defects of lower accuracy of atmospheric ozone vertical column concentration inversion result and complex calculation existing in prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to ozone concentration inversion, and in particular to an ultraviolet hyperspectral atmospheric ozone vertical column concentration inversion method. Background Art

[0002] Atmospheric ozone is primarily concentrated in the stratosphere, with only 10% found in the troposphere. The layers between the stratosphere and troposphere contain even less ozone. Stratospheric ozone primarily absorbs ultraviolet radiation (220nm-300nm), preventing it from penetrating the atmosphere and directly reaching Earth's surface. Because of its protective effect on Earth's surface, the ozone layer is vital to all life on Earth. Studies have shown that a 1% decrease in the total amount of ozone in the atmosphere increases the amount of harmful ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth's surface by 1.5%-12%, increasing the risk of skin cancer by 3% and exposing people to diseases such as cataracts, immune system defects, and developmental delays. Therefore, monitoring the total amount of ozone in the stratosphere is of great significance not only for theoretical research in atmospheric science but also for studies of global ecological and environmental responses.

[0003] Currently, the international community is increasingly demanding real-time air quality monitoring. Ozone, as a key indicator of air quality, is receiving increasing attention. Given the importance of ozone, high-quality observational data is essential to study the distribution and long-term trends of ozone in the stratosphere and troposphere.

[0004] Zhang Lei analyzed and compared the error characteristics of total atmospheric ozone derived from satellite observations over different periods, based on Brewer spectrometer total ozone measurements at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica from 1993 to 2015. Dou Xin et al. compared and analyzed the consistency of Dobson and Brewer total ozone observations from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xianghe Comprehensive Atmospheric Observation Experimental Station in Hebei Province from 2014 to 2016. Chen Tao evaluated the quality of ground-based and satellite-derived total ozone data by comparing ground-based total ozone measurements at the Lhasa Station from 2008 to 2012 with three satellite-derived products. Hassan Bencherif estimated total ozone trends based on ground-based and satellite-derived data from the Irene Station in South Africa from 1998 to 2017. Liu Li et al. used ground-based total ozone observations to verify the total ozone measurements from the Fengyun-3A meteorological satellite TOU (July 2009 to December 2013). Long-term, continuous, and reliable ozone observations are an important foundation for studying ozone variations and their causes.

[0005] The observation techniques of global atmospheric ozone mainly include satellite remote sensing and ground observation, which have their own advantages and disadvantages and complement each other. Satellite remote sensing technology can provide global and long-term observation of atmospheric ozone due to its powerful function, and has developed rapidly since its inception. Ground-based observation also has its irreplaceable advantages. First, the ground-based instrument is easy to maintain and calibrate, and the ozone total amount observation data has high stability and continuity. The uncertainty of the inversion result of satellite remote sensing is larger than that of ground-based instrument due to the influence of sensor calibration, cloud pollution and surface reflectivity, so the ground-based observation result is often used for calibration of satellite-borne instrument. Second, although satellite observation can cover a wider spatial range and has higher spatial resolution, the number of satellite scans at the same place per day is very limited, so the time resolution of satellite observation is not high enough compared with ground-based instrument, which cannot capture short-term significant changes in ozone content and cannot meet the real-time detection requirements of rapidly developing atmospheric pollution events.

[0006] The ground-based ozone observation station usually deploys Dobson and Brewer two kinds of ozone total amount observation instruments, which are both channel type sun photometers, only have a few ozone detection wavebands, and can only eliminate the influence of other trace gases on ozone inversion through the difference of one or two wavelength pairs, so the available information is less. SUMMARY

[0007] (1) Technical problems solved

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art, the present application provides a kind of ultraviolet high spectral atmospheric ozone vertical column concentration inversion method, which can effectively overcome the defects of lower accuracy and complex calculation of atmospheric ozone vertical column concentration inversion result existing in prior art.

[0009] (2) Technical solutions

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0011] An ultraviolet high spectral atmospheric ozone vertical column concentration inversion method, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1, determine the fitting equation based on Lambert-Beer law:

[0013]

[0014] Wherein, I 0i is the reference spectrum, R is the distance correction coefficient between the sun and the earth, I i is the measured spectrum, τs KNOWNi is the optical thickness of atmospheric molecular Rayleigh and Raman scattering and aerosol Mie scattering, σ ji is the standard absorption cross section of gas, qs jis the oblique column concentration of the gas, P SMOi Fitting polynomials for slow absorbing structures, P OFFSi Fitting polynomial for stray light correction, P WLCi Fitting polynomials for wavelength correction;

[0015] S2. Construct a linear fitting matrix M. The linear fitting matrix M is an n-row matrix. The data of each row of the linear fitting matrix M is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] Where n is the number of wavelengths, is the standard absorption cross section of ozone, is the standard absorption cross section of nitrogen dioxide, is the standard absorption cross section of sulfur dioxide, σ HCHO is the standard absorption cross section of formaldehyde, λ i is the wavelength of each pixel i, I i is the measured spectrum for each wavelength, is the measured spectrum I i The average value of I′ is the measured spectrum I i derivatives with respect to wavelength;

[0018] S3. Construct vector vector is an n×1 column vector, vector The data for each column is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] in, is the final reference spectrum after correction of the Sun-Earth distance;

[0021] S4, according to the linear fitting matrix M and vector Convert the fitting equation into matrix form

[0022] S5. Solve the column vector by least squares method Slant column concentration of ozone

[0023] S6. Calculate the air quality factor AMF using the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] Where r is the distance from the center of the earth to the observation station, h EFF is the effective height of gas absorption, ZA * is the solar zenith angle after correction for atmospheric refraction;

[0026] S7. Calculate the vertical column concentration of ozone using the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] Preferably, the final reference spectrum The calculation method includes:

[0029] Use the known solar irradiance data at the top of the atmosphere as the reference spectrum I 0i , calculate the sun-earth distance correction coefficient R according to the time lapse and local longitude and latitude to obtain the final reference spectrum

[0030] Preferably, the sun-earth distance correction coefficient R is calculated using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Where D = 2πN / 365, where N is the cumulative number of days per year.

[0033] Preferably, the measured spectrum I i Measurement methods include:

[0034] The direct sunlight is collected every 5 minutes from sunrise to sunset, and the continuous hyperspectral solar irradiance data in the ultraviolet band is generated and used as the measured spectrum I i .

[0035] Preferably, the optical thickness τs of the atmospheric molecule Rayleigh and Raman scattering and aerosol Mie scattering KNOWNi Use the following formula to calculate:

[0036] τs KNOWNi =σ Ms ·qs SCA

[0037]

[0038] Among them, σ Ms is the molecular scattering absorption cross section, qs SCA is the standard oblique column concentration value, P is the estimated atmospheric pressure at the observation site, which is calculated based on the altitude of the observation site. STAN is standard atmospheric pressure, AMF SCA is the standard air quality factor.

[0039] Preferably, the slow absorption structure is fitted with a polynomial P SMOi The expansion formula is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, p SMOn is the polynomial coefficient, nsmo is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

[0042] Preferably, the stray light correction fitting polynomial P OFFSi The expansion formula is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] in, is the measured spectrum I i The average value, p OFFSn is the polynomial coefficient, noffs is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

[0045] Preferably, the wavelength correction fitting polynomial P WLCi The expansion formula is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, p WLCn is the coefficient value of each polynomial fitting, nwlc is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

[0048] Preferably, the column vector The column concentrations of O3, NO2, SO2, and HCHO that need to be solved, as well as the unknown p WLCn 、p OFFSn 、p SMOn Parameters, the column vector It is expressed as follows:

[0049]

[0050] (3) Beneficial effects

[0051] Compared with the existing technology, the ultraviolet hyperspectral atmospheric ozone vertical column concentration inversion method provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] 1) Based on the high-spectral resolution data of continuous, narrow-band direct sunlight in the ultraviolet band obtained by the ultraviolet hyperspectral solar radiometer, an inversion algorithm for the vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone is studied. Compared with the differential absorption spectroscopy technique based on the measurement of scattered solar light, this inversion algorithm does not require complex radiation transfer calculations and is not affected by the Ring effect.

[0053] 2) During the inversion process, errors are eliminated for factors that may affect the accuracy of the inversion results, such as Rayleigh and Raman scattering of atmospheric molecules, Mie scattering and absorption of aerosols, weakening of light intensity by slow absorption structures in the atmosphere, reduction of measured optical thickness due to stray light, and deviation of the wavelength corresponding to the measurement data from the original standard wavelength, thereby effectively ensuring the accuracy of the inversion results of the vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0056] Figures 2 to 4 This is an inversion result diagram obtained by inverting the vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone at the Xi'an Qinling Observatory at different times using the inversion method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] A method for inverting the vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data, such as Figure 1 As shown, S1, based on the Lambert-Beer law, the fitting equation is determined:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, I 0i is the reference spectrum, R is the correction coefficient for the distance between the sun and the earth, and I i is the measured spectrum, τs KNOWNi is the optical thickness of atmospheric molecules Rayleigh and Raman scattering and aerosol Mie scattering, σ ji is the standard absorption cross section of the gas, qs j is the oblique column concentration of the gas, P SMOi Fitting polynomials for slow absorbing structures, P OFFSi Fitting polynomial for stray light correction, P WLCiFitting polynomials for wavelength correction;

[0061] S2. Construct a linear fitting matrix M. The linear fitting matrix M is an n-row matrix. The data of each row of the linear fitting matrix M is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where n is the number of wavelengths, is the standard absorption cross section of ozone, is the standard absorption cross section of nitrogen dioxide, is the standard absorption cross section of sulfur dioxide, σ HCHO is the standard absorption cross section of formaldehyde, λ i is the wavelength of each pixel i, I i is the measured spectrum for each wavelength, is the measured spectrum I i The average value of I′ is the measured spectrum I i derivatives with respect to wavelength;

[0064] S3. Construct vector vector is an n×1 column vector, vector The data for each column is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] in, is the final reference spectrum after correction of the Sun-Earth distance;

[0067] S4, according to the linear fitting matrix M and vector Convert the fitting equation into matrix form

[0068] S5. Solve the column vector by least squares method Slant column concentration of ozone

[0069] S6. Calculate the air quality factor AMF using the following formula:

[0070]

[0071] Where r is the distance from the center of the earth to the observation station, h EFF is the effective height of gas absorption, ZA * is the solar zenith angle after correction for atmospheric refraction;

[0072] S7. Calculate the vertical column concentration of ozone using the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] Final reference spectrum The calculation method includes:

[0075] Use the known solar irradiance data at the top of the atmosphere as the reference spectrum I 0i , calculate the sun-earth distance correction coefficient R according to the time lapse and local longitude and latitude to obtain the final reference spectrum

[0076] The correction factor R for the distance between the sun and the earth is calculated using the following formula:

[0077]

[0078] Where D = 2πN / 365, where N is the cumulative number of days per year.

[0079] Measured spectrum I i Measurement methods include:

[0080] The direct sunlight is collected every 5 minutes from sunrise to sunset, and the continuous hyperspectral solar irradiance data in the ultraviolet band is generated and used as the measured spectrum I i .

[0081] Optical thickness τs of atmospheric molecular Rayleigh and Raman scattering and aerosol Mie scattering KNOWNi Use the following formula to calculate:

[0082] τs KNOWNi =σ Ms ·qs SCA

[0083]

[0084] Among them, σ Ms is the molecular scattering absorption cross section, qs SCA is the standard oblique column concentration value, P is the estimated atmospheric pressure at the observation site, which is calculated based on the altitude of the observation site. STAN is standard atmospheric pressure, AMF SCA is the standard air quality factor.

[0085] Slow absorption structure fitting polynomial P SMOi The expansion formula is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, p SMOn is the polynomial coefficient, nsmo is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

[0088] Stray light correction fitting polynomial POFFSi The expansion formula is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] in, is the measured spectrum I i The average value, p OFFSn is the polynomial coefficient, noffs is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

[0091] Wavelength correction fitting polynomial P WLCi The expansion formula is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, p WLCn is the coefficient value of each polynomial fitting, nwlc is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

[0094] column vector The column concentrations of O3, NO2, SO2, and HCHO that need to be solved, as well as the unknown p WLCn 、p OFFSn 、p SMOn Parameters, column vector It is expressed as follows:

[0095]

[0096] When ultraviolet radiation passes through the atmosphere, it decays exponentially after being scattered and absorbed by atmospheric molecules, aerosols, and ozone, which is the Lambert-Beer law:

[0097]

[0098] Where λ is the wavelength, I(λ) is the instrument observation spectrum, I0(λ) is the solar spectrum at the top of the atmosphere, R is the correction coefficient of the sun-earth distance corresponding to the measurement time, and n EX is the number of extinction processes in the atmosphere, τs j (λ) is the optical thickness of the extinction process j at wavelength λ.

[0099] Taking the logarithm of both sides of formula (1), it can be transformed into the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] Since the Only the weakening of light intensity by trace gases in the atmosphere is considered, and the weakening of light intensity by Rayleigh and Raman scattering of atmospheric molecules, Mie scattering and absorption of aerosols, and slow absorption structures in the atmosphere are not taken into account. Therefore, equation (2) can be rewritten as follows:

[0102]

[0103] Among them, the optical thickness τs of atmospheric molecules Rayleigh and Raman scattering and aerosol Mie scattering KNOWNi Use the following formula to calculate:

[0104] τs KNOWNi =σ Ms ·qs SCA

[0105]

[0106] In the above formula, σ Ms is the molecular scattering absorption cross section, qs SCA is the standard oblique column concentration value, P is the estimated atmospheric pressure at the observation site, which is calculated based on the altitude of the observation site. STAN is standard atmospheric pressure, AMF SCA is the standard air quality factor.

[0107] Among them, the slow absorption structure fitting polynomial P SMOi The expansion formula is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] In the above formula, p SMOn is the polynomial coefficient, nsmo is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

[0110] In real-world measurements, stray light is an unavoidable problem for many optical systems. Measurement noise includes both stray light from the spectrometer itself and stray light entering the detector from the outside. This stray light primarily comes from scattered light from optical components (gratings, mirrors, etc.), reflected light from the instrument walls, reflected light from unused spectral bands near the focal plane, and reflected light from the detector surface.

[0111] The presence of stray light may lead to a decrease in the measured optical thickness, thereby reducing the inversion result of the gas concentration. In actual measurement, the intensity of stray light entering the detector can be reduced by adding a filter. At the same time, the influence of the remaining stray light can be removed by using a polynomial fitting method during spectral processing. That is, the stray light correction fitting polynomial P is added to Equation (3): OFFSi :

[0112]

[0113] Among them, the stray light correction fitting polynomial P OFFSi The expansion formula is as follows:

[0114]

[0115] In the above formula, is the measured spectrum I i The average value, p OFFSn is the polynomial coefficient, noffs is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

[0116] Usually, after the spectrometer is calibrated in the laboratory, the wavelength corresponding to each channel of the detector can be accurately obtained. However, in actual measurement, the spectrometer may be affected by external environmental factors such as changes in the working environment temperature and humidity, slight fluctuations in the working voltage, and mechanical vibration, and the wavelength corresponding to the measured data will deviate from the original standard wavelength. Therefore, the wavelength of the measured data can be calibrated accordingly during data processing. By adding the wavelength correction fitting polynomial P in formula (4), WLCi , and correct the measured spectrum:

[0117]

[0118] Among them, the wavelength correction fitting polynomial P WLCi The expansion formula is as follows:

[0119]

[0120] In the above formula, p WLCn is the coefficient value of each polynomial fitting, nwlc is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

[0121] Since Equation (5) is a nonlinear formula, it can be obtained by linearizing it:

[0122]

[0123] In the ultraviolet band, the influence of four gases on solar irradiance is mainly considered, and the optical thickness value of each gas is The expanded form is as follows:

[0124]

[0125] In the above formula, σ ji These are the standard absorption cross sections of O3, NO2, SO2, and HCHO respectively.

[0126] For polynomial P SMOi、P OFFSi 、P WLCi Expand and rearrange equation (6) to obtain the following equation:

[0127]

[0128] In the above formula, nwlc=1, noffs=0, nsmo=4.

[0129] Since the values ​​on the left side of Equation (7) are all known, the σ on the right side is ji It is also known, so formula (7) can be rewritten into matrix form

[0130] Among them, the vector is an n×1 column vector, vector The data for each column is as follows:

[0131]

[0132] column vector The column concentrations of O3, NO2, SO2, and HCHO that need to be solved, as well as the unknown p WLCn 、p OFFSn 、p SMOn Parameters, column vector It is expressed as follows:

[0133]

[0134] The linear fitting matrix M is an n-row matrix, each row is the absorption cross-section value of O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO at the corresponding wavelength, which can be solved And the central wavelength λ of each pixel i i , so the data in the linear fitting matrix M are all known values. The data in each row of the linear fitting matrix M is as follows:

[0135]

[0136] Since it is continuous spectral data, the number of wavelengths n must be greater than the column vector The number of unknown data in the column vector can be solved by the least squares method Slant column concentration of ozone

[0137] Because the oblique column concentration of ozone It depends on the observation method of the instrument and the various meteorological conditions at the time, so it is also necessary to convert it into the vertical column concentration value of ozone which is independent of the observation method. It represents the integrated concentration of a trace gas along a vertical path through the atmosphere.

[0138] Air quality factor AMF is the oblique column concentration value of ozone Vertical column concentration value of ozone Therefore, the vertical column concentration of ozone is calculated by the following formula

[0139]

[0140] When direct sunlight is used for observation, the air quality factor AMF is calculated by the following formula:

[0141]

[0142] In the above formula, r is the distance from the center of the earth to the observation station, h EFF is the effective height of gas absorption, ZA * is the solar zenith angle after correction for atmospheric refraction.

[0143] By solving the air quality factor AMF and the oblique column concentration value of ozone The vertical column concentration of ozone can be solved

[0144] Figures 2 to 4 This is a graph showing the results of inverting the vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone at the Xi'an Qinling Observatory at different times (corresponding to June 23, June 30, and July 3, 2022, respectively) using the inversion method of the present invention. The red curve is the inversion result of the ultraviolet hyperspectral ozone observation instrument, and the black × dots are the total ozone column of the Aura satellite ozone observation instrument (OMI).

[0145] Because satellite transit times typically occur around 1:45 PM local time, the OMI observations were compared with the retrieved ozone column concentrations at 1:45 PM. The relative deviations between the retrieved ozone column concentrations at 1:45 PM on these three days and the OMI observations were 2 DU (0.6%), 14 DU (4.5%), and 7 DU (2.2%), respectively. As can be seen, the ozone column concentrations retrieved using this method are very close to the OMI total ozone column concentrations.

[0146] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for inverting vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Determine the fitting equation based on the Lambert-Beer law: Among them, I 0i is the reference spectrum, R is the correction coefficient for the distance between the sun and the earth, and I i is the measured spectrum, τs KNOWNi is the optical thickness of atmospheric molecules Rayleigh and Raman scattering and aerosol Mie scattering, σ ji is the standard absorption cross section of the gas, qs j is the oblique column concentration of the gas, P SMOi Fitting polynomials for slow absorbing structures, P OFFSi Fitting polynomial for stray light correction, P WLCi Fitting polynomials for wavelength correction; S2. Construct a linear fitting matrix M. The linear fitting matrix M is an n-row matrix. The data of each row of the linear fitting matrix M is as follows: Where n is the number of wavelengths, is the standard absorption cross section of ozone, is the standard absorption cross section of nitrogen dioxide, is the standard absorption cross section of sulfur dioxide, σ HCHO is the standard absorption cross section of formaldehyde, λ i is the wavelength of each pixel i, I i is the measured spectrum for each wavelength, is the measured spectrum I i The average value of I′ is the measured spectrum I i derivatives with respect to wavelength; S3. Construct vector vector is an n×1 column vector, vector The data for each column is as follows: in, is the final reference spectrum after correction of the Sun-Earth distance; S4, according to the linear fitting matrix M and vector Convert the fitting equation into matrix form S5. Solve the column vector by least squares method The oblique column concentration value of ozone S6. Calculate the air quality factor AMF using the following formula: Where r is the distance from the center of the earth to the observation station, h EFF is the effective height of gas absorption, ZA * is the solar zenith angle after correction for atmospheric refraction; S7. Calculate the vertical column concentration of ozone using the following formula:

2. The method for inverting vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data according to claim 1, wherein: The final reference spectrum The calculation method includes: Use the known solar irradiance data at the top of the atmosphere as the reference spectrum I 0i , calculate the sun-earth distance correction coefficient R according to the time lapse and local longitude and latitude to obtain the final reference spectrum 3. The method for inverting vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data according to claim 2, wherein: The sun-earth distance correction coefficient R is calculated using the following formula: Where D = 2πN / 365, where N is the cumulative number of days per year.

4. The method for inverting vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data according to claim 1, wherein: The measured spectrum I i Measurement methods include: The direct sunlight is collected every 5 minutes from sunrise to sunset, and the continuous hyperspectral solar irradiance data in the ultraviolet band is generated and used as the measured spectrum I i .

5. The method for inverting vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data according to claim 1, wherein: The optical thickness τs of the atmospheric molecules Rayleigh and Raman scattering and aerosol Mie scattering KNOWNi Use the following formula to calculate: τs KNOWNi =σ Ms ·qs SCA Among them, σ Ms is the molecular scattering absorption cross section, qs SCA is the standard oblique column concentration value, P is the estimated atmospheric pressure at the observation site, which is calculated based on the altitude of the observation site. STAN is standard atmospheric pressure, AMF SCA is the standard air quality factor.

6. The method for inverting vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data according to claim 1, wherein: The slow absorption structure fitting polynomial P SMOi The expansion formula is as follows: Among them, p SMOn is the polynomial coefficient, nsmo is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

7. The method for inverting vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data according to claim 1, wherein: The stray light correction fitting polynomial P OFFSi The expansion formula is as follows: in, is the measured spectrum I i The average value, p OFFSn is the polynomial coefficient, noffs is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

8. The method for inverting vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data according to claim 1, wherein: The wavelength correction fitting polynomial P WLCi The expansion formula is as follows: Among them, p WLCn is the coefficient value of each polynomial fitting, nwlc is the highest order of polynomial fitting, λ i is the central wavelength of each pixel i.

9. The method for inverting vertical column concentration of atmospheric ozone using ultraviolet hyperspectral data according to claim 1, wherein: The column vector The column concentrations of O3, NO2, SO2, and HCHO that need to be solved, as well as the unknown p WLCn 、p OFFSn 、p SMOn Parameters, the column vector It is expressed as follows:

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