Flexible fixture for spraying special-shaped aluminum alloy plate

Abstract

The application provides a flexible clamp for spraying special-shaped aluminum alloy plates and belongs to the technical field of spraying tooling. The flexible clamp comprises a mounting base plate and a plurality of positioning units arranged on the mounting base plate. The positioning unit comprises a chuck, a first locking nut, an outer cylinder, a telescopic pipe column and a suction cup. The chuck is fixed to the lower end of the outer cylinder through a pin column. The first locking nut is threadedly connected to the pin column. The mounting base plate is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to each positioning unit. The chuck is slidingly connected in the sliding groove. The lower end of the telescopic pipe column is fixedly provided with a sealing head. The sealing head is slidingly connected in the outer cylinder. The outer wall of the telescopic pipe column above the sealing head has a contraction part. The contraction part and the inner wall of the outer cylinder form a control cavity. The telescopic pipe column has a suction channel communicating with the suction hole of the suction cup and the control cavity. The telescopic pipe column is provided with a suction pipe. The suction pipe is communicated with the suction channel. The flexible clamp has the advantages of reliable clamping and being suitable for spraying and clamping special-shaped aluminum alloy plates.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of spraying tooling, and relates to a flexible clamp for spraying special-shaped aluminum alloy plates. BACKGROUND

[0002] Spraying a layer of paint on the outer layer of metal is a common processing process. When spraying paint on the surface of a workpiece, positioning the workpiece is required to ensure the spraying effect. Although the traditional mechanical clamping method is firm in positioning, it can affect the spraying effect (the clamped parts need to be sprayed twice), cause damage to the surface of the workpiece, and even cause deformation of the workpiece due to excessive clamping force, resulting in failure of the part. Moreover, mechanical clamping is not suitable for positioning workpieces with complex surfaces. Using a flexible clamp to clamp the workpiece can effectively avoid the above problems.

[0003] In China, the production preparation cycle of some special clamps for special-shaped aluminum alloy plates takes 1-2 months, and the one-clamp-per-plate method limits the rapid development of the industry, significantly increases the product development cost, and restricts the product development ideas. The use of flexible clamps can shorten the product development speed, improve efficiency, and save costs. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a flexible clamp for spraying special-shaped aluminum alloy plates. The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to improve the clamping adaptability and application range of aluminum alloy plates of different shapes.

[0005] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical scheme: a flexible clamp for spraying special-shaped aluminum alloy plates, characterized in that it comprises a mounting base plate and a plurality of positioning units arranged on the mounting base plate, the positioning unit comprises a chuck, a first locking nut, an outer cylinder, an extension pipe column and a suction cup, the chuck is fixed to the lower end of the outer cylinder through a pin column, the first locking nut is threadedly connected to the pin column, the mounting base plate is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to each positioning unit, the chuck is slidingly connected in the sliding groove, the suction cup is fixed to the upper end of the extension pipe column, a sealing head is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the extension pipe column, the sealing head is slidingly connected in the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the extension pipe column above the sealing head has a contraction part, the contraction part and the inner wall of the outer cylinder form a control cavity, the extension pipe column has a suction passage communicating with the suction hole of the suction cup and the control cavity, the extension pipe column has a suction connector, and the suction connector communicates with the suction passage.

[0006] Further, the upper end of the outer cylinder is threadedly connected with a second locking nut, the second locking nut has a stepped surface inside, a locking spring is arranged between the stepped surface and the end surface of the outer cylinder, the stepped surface and the inner circumferential surface of the second locking nut have a first guide inclined surface, the locking spring is a metal ring with a fracture, and the locking spring has a second guide inclined surface matched with the first guide inclined surface.

[0007] During the rotation of the second locking nut, the first guide inclined surface extrudes the second guide inclined surface, so that the inner diameter of the locking spring is reduced, the telescopic pipe column is clamped, and the telescopic pipe column cannot slide relative to the outer cylinder, and vice versa.

[0008] Further, the inner wall surface of the locking spring has an anti-skid strip.

[0009] Further, each air suction pipe is connected with a vacuum generator in parallel.

[0010] Before operation, each positioning unit is fixed on a mounting base, each positioning unit can slide in the sliding groove to adjust the X-axis position of each positioning unit, and the mounting base is fixed on the non-moving platform or the end of the mechanical hand, the flexible clamp provides two clamping modes, one is set-height clamping, and the other is self-adaptive height clamping, for the set-height clamping, the height of the suction cup needs to be adjusted in advance, that is, the position of the telescopic pipe column on the outer cylinder is adjusted, and then the second locking nut is rotated, in this mode, the position of the suction cup in the Y-axis direction is fixed, and for the self-adaptive height clamping mode, the second locking nut is in a relaxed state, and the telescopic pipe column can slide longitudinally relative to the outer cylinder, after the air suction pipe is connected with the negative pressure source, a certain negative pressure exists in the control cavity, the telescopic pipe column moves upward relative to the outer cylinder, and the suction cup abuts against the clamping surface.

[0011] Different shapes of aluminum alloy plates can be positioned by adjusting the position of the suction cup in the X-axis direction to determine the fixed point in this direction, and then adjusting the height of the suction cup to adapt to the fixed position in the Y-axis direction, so as to select a position capable of reliably positioning the special-shaped aluminum alloy plate, and then performing spraying operation on the other side of the aluminum alloy plate on the surface of the suction cup. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the flexible clamp in a straight-line state of the positioning units.

[0013] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the flexible clamp in a staggered state of the positioning units.

[0014] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the positioning unit.

[0015] Figure 4is a sectional view of the positioning unit.

[0016] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the second locking nut and the locking spring.

[0017] Figure 6 is Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the partial A.

[0018] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the air path control principle of each suction cup.

[0019] In the figure, 1 is a mounting base plate; 2 is a positioning unit; 21 is a chuck; 22 is a first locking nut; 23 is an outer cylinder; 24 is an extension pipe column; 25 is a sealing head; 26 is a control cavity; 27 is a suction passage; 28 is a suction connection pipe; 29 is a second locking nut; 3 is a sliding groove; 4 is a suction cup; 5 is a locking spring; 51 is a first guide inclined surface; 52 is a second guide inclined surface; and 53 is an anti-skid strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is a specific embodiment of the present application and further describes the technical solutions of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0021] As Figures 1-6 shown, the flexible fixture for spraying special-shaped aluminum alloy plates comprises a mounting base plate 1 and a plurality of positioning units 2 arranged on the mounting base plate 1, each positioning unit 2 comprising a chuck 21, a first locking nut 22, an outer cylinder 23, an extension pipe column 24 and a suction cup 4, the chuck 21 being fixed to the lower end of the outer cylinder 23 through a pin column, the first locking nut 22 being threadedly connected to the pin column, the mounting base plate 1 being provided with a sliding groove 3 corresponding to each positioning unit 2, the chuck 21 being slidingly connected in the sliding groove 3, the suction cup 4 being fixed to the upper end of the extension pipe column 24, the lower end of the extension pipe column 24 being fixedly provided with a sealing head 25, the sealing head 25 being slidingly connected in the outer cylinder 23, the outer wall of the extension pipe column 24 above the sealing head 25 having a contraction portion, the contraction portion and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 23 forming a control cavity 26, the extension pipe column 24 having a suction passage 27 communicating with the suction hole of the suction cup 4 and the control cavity 26, the extension pipe column 24 having a suction connection pipe 28, the suction connection pipe 28 being communicated with the suction passage 27.

[0022] The upper end of the outer cylinder 23 is threadedly connected with a second locking nut 29, the second locking nut 29 has a stepped surface, a locking spring 5 is arranged between the stepped surface and the end surface of the outer cylinder 23, the stepped surface and the inner peripheral surface of the second locking nut 29 have a first guide inclined surface 51, the locking spring 5 is a metal ring having a break, the locking spring 5 has a second guide inclined surface 52 adapted to the first guide inclined surface 51, and the inner wall surface of the locking spring 5 has an anti-skid strip 53.

[0023] Before operation, each positioning unit 2 is fixed on the mounting base plate 1, each positioning unit 2 can slide in the sliding groove 3 to adjust the X-axis position of each positioning unit 2, the mounting base plate 1 is fixed on the non-moving platform or the mechanical hand execution end, the flexible clamp provides two clamping modes, one is set height clamping, and the other is self-adaptive height clamping, for set height clamping, the height of the suction cup 4 needs to be adjusted in advance, that is, the position of the telescopic pipe column 24 on the outer cylinder 23 is adjusted, and then the second locking nut 29 is tightened, in this mode, the position of the suction cup 4 in the Y-axis direction is fixed; as a self-adaptive height clamping mode, the second locking nut 29 is in a relaxed state, the telescopic pipe column 24 can slide longitudinally relative to the outer cylinder 23, after the suction pipe 28 is connected to the negative pressure source, a certain negative pressure exists in the control cavity 26, the telescopic pipe column 24 will move upward relative to the outer cylinder 23 until the suction cup 4 abuts against the clamping surface.

[0024] Different shapes of aluminum alloy plates can be positioned by adjusting the position of the suction cup 4 in the X-axis direction to determine the fixed point in this direction, and then adjusting the height of the suction cup 4 to adapt to the fixed position in the Y-axis direction, and then selecting a position that can reliably position the special-shaped aluminum alloy plate, after the multi-point fixation of the suction cup 4, the other side of the aluminum alloy on the surface of the suction cup 4 is subjected to a spraying operation.

[0025] Here, the self-adaptive clamping mode of the flexible clamp is particularly explained, as known, in the process of positioning the aluminum alloy plate by the multi-suction cup 4, effective suction of all suction cups 4 is the guarantee of positioning reliability, in the clamping process, there may be errors in the pre-positioning position, or there may be position errors when placing the aluminum alloy plate, according to the different shapes of the suction surface of the aluminum alloy plate, these errors may cause part of the suction cups 4 to fail to contact the corresponding suction position, even if it can contact the corresponding suction position, due to the existence of errors, part of the suction cups 4 will be in the state of pushing the workpiece, and part of the suction cups 4 will be in the state of pulling the workpiece, the plastic deformation of the head of the suction cup 4 can balance this problem to a certain extent, but cannot eliminate it, which will obviously affect the clamping strength and accuracy of the aluminum alloy plate, in the spraying process after clamping, the impact force of spraying on the aluminum alloy plate will exacerbate the negative effects caused by the above errors, and there is a risk of plate falling off.

[0026] In the adaptive mode, the positions of each positioning unit 2 on the X axis are fixed in advance. When the manipulator carries the installation base plate 1 to pick up the workpiece, the suction cup 4 is close to the adsorption surface of the aluminum alloy plate. Under the action of negative pressure, even if the suction cup 4 does not contact the adsorption surface of the workpiece, the control cavity 26 still has a certain vacuum degree, so as to drive the telescopic pipe column 24 to extend relative to the outer cylinder 23 until the suction cup 4 does not extend after contacting the adsorption surface of the workpiece. After the suction cup 4 adsorbs the workpiece, there is still a certain negative pressure in the control cavity 26. When the workpiece and the suction cup 4 are loose, the suction cup 4 and the surface of the workpiece can be self-adapted to realize the abutting and pressing, so as to ensure the reliable clamping of the workpiece, and at the same time, the suction cup 4 can be in a horizontal state, and the stress between the suction cup 4 and the workpiece can be eliminated.

[0027] It can be seen that the clamp can directly pick up and fix the aluminum alloy plate close to the stack on one side of the suction cup 4, realize self-adaptive irregular adsorption surface, and the positioning is reliable. Because the suction hole of the suction cup 4 has a small diameter, the telescopic pipe column 24 can quickly extend when the suction cup 4 is not close to the adsorption surface. When clamping irregular workpieces, the workpiece can be quickly picked up and fixed. Compared with the traditional clamp, the flexible clamp only needs to contact one surface of the plate, and the other surface can be sprayed at one time, so that the efficiency and spraying quality are improved, and the predetermined adsorption position of the suction cup 4 does not have high precision requirements.

[0028] As shown in Figure 7 Each suction pipe 28 is connected to a vacuum generator in parallel, a vacuum filter is arranged between the vacuum generator and the suction cup 4, a silencer is arranged at the air outlet end of the vacuum generator, the air inlet end of the vacuum generator and the air inlet end of the vacuum filter are respectively connected to two connection ends of a two-position three-way valve, and the two-position three-way valve is used to control the on-off start-stop of the vacuum generator.

[0029] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present application. Those skilled in the art of the present application can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar ways to replace them, without departing from the spirit of the present application or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A flexible clamp for spraying irregularly shaped aluminum alloy plates, characterized in that, The application relates to a positioning device, which comprises a mounting base plate (1) and a plurality of positioning units (2) arranged on the mounting base plate (1), wherein the positioning unit (2) comprises a clamping head (21), a first locking nut (22), an outer cylinder (23), an extension pipe column (24) and a suction disc (4), the clamping head (21) is fixed on the lower end of the outer cylinder (23) through a pin column, the first locking nut (22) is threadedly connected on the pin column, the mounting base plate (1) is provided with a sliding groove (3) corresponding to each positioning unit (2), the clamping head (21) is slidingly connected in the sliding groove (3), the suction disc (4) is fixed on the upper end of the extension pipe column (24), a sealing head (25) is fixedly arranged on the lower end of the extension pipe column (24), the sealing head (25) is slidingly connected in the outer cylinder (23), the outer wall of the extension pipe column (24) above the sealing head (25) is provided with a contraction part, a control cavity (26) is formed between the contraction part and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (23), the extension pipe column (24) is provided with a suction gas channel (27) which is communicated with the suction hole of the suction disc (4) and the control cavity (26), the extension pipe column (24) is provided with a suction gas connecting pipe (28), and the suction gas connecting pipe (28) is communicated with the suction gas channel (27).

2. The flexible fixture for spraying an aluminum alloy sheet of irregular shape according to claim 1, wherein The upper end of the outer cylinder (23) is threadedly connected with a second locking nut (29), the second locking nut (29) is internally provided with a stepped surface, a locking clamping spring (5) is arranged between the stepped surface and the end surface of the outer cylinder (23), the stepped surface and the inner wall surface of the second locking nut (29) are provided with a first guide inclined surface (51), the locking clamping spring (5) is a metal ring with a broken section, and the locking clamping spring (5) is provided with a second guide inclined surface (52) which is matched with the first guide inclined surface (51).

3. The flexible fixture for spraying an aluminum alloy sheet of irregular shape according to claim 2, wherein The inner wall surface of the locking clamping spring (5) is provided with an anti-skid strip (53).

4. The flexible fixture for spraying an aluminum alloy plate of a special shape according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein The suction gas connecting pipes (28) are connected with a vacuum generator in parallel.

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