Prefabricated Conductive Concrete Panel Structure of Rockfill Dam Applicable to Global Deformation Monitoring

Abstract

The present invention discloses an assembled conductive concrete panel structure for rockfill dams applicable to global deformation monitoring, which relates to the field of hydraulic structures. It includes an upper panel unit, a lower panel unit and a flexible water stop device. After the stepped surfaces of the upper panel unit and the lower panel unit are lapped, they are connected together through a positioning component. A flexible water stop device is arranged in the vertical lap joint of the upper panel unit and the lower panel unit. The flexible water stop device includes a T-shaped water stop device and an Ω-shaped water stop device. The upper panel unit and the lower panel unit are both provided with an anti-seepage insulation layer, an upper protective layer, an upper electrode, an upper heating layer, a shielding layer, a steel reinforcement cage, a lower heating layer, a lower electrode and a lower protective layer from top to bottom. Through modular design, the panel unit is prefabricated in advance, and can be directly assembled on site, which is more convenient and fast to install and use. It has a certain ability to resist deformation, and at the same time, by using the piezoresistive property of conductive concrete, global deformation monitoring is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydraulic structures, and particularly to an assembled conductive concrete face slab structure of a rockfill dam suitable for global deformation monitoring. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of the exploitation of water conservancy and hydropower resources, face slab rockfill dams have been widely adopted due to their good engineering adaptability and economy. Along with the rapid development of the technology of concrete face slab rockfill dams, it has also driven the development of deformation monitoring technology for face slab rockfill dams.

[0003] The deformation monitoring of face slab rockfill dams mainly includes external deformation, internal deformation, joint deformation, etc. The means of external deformation monitoring are relatively mature. Generally, surface deformation monitoring points are arranged on the surface of the dam, and the sighting alignment method and the triangulation network method are used, and monitoring is carried out by means of total station instruments, etc. With the progress of science and technology, external deformation monitoring instruments have continuous improvements in measurement accuracy, convenience, automation, etc. As a result, high-precision level gauges and total station instruments have emerged, and there is also a fully automatic total station known as the "measurement robot". Although there has been a substantial improvement in accuracy and a breakthrough in the deformation monitoring of 200m-class face slab rockfill dams has been achieved, the layout of instruments and the collection of data are quite cumbersome, easily affected by external conditions, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of global monitoring.

[0004] Although the GNSS monitoring system and the INSAR technology can be free from the influence of external conditions such as climate and can monitor the displacements of each monitoring point all-weather and synchronously, and the SAR interferometry technology can achieve large-scale continuous coverage, at present, the development of both methods is still in its infancy and can only be used for the monitoring of the external deformation of face slab rockfill dams and cannot measure the stress state of the face slab simultaneously.

[0005] Therefore, how to develop a brand-new assembled conductive concrete face slab, which is spliced according to the prefabricated shape to form a face slab system capable of monitoring global deformation and stress state, has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an assembled conductive concrete face slab structure of a rockfill dam suitable for global deformation monitoring, and solve the problems of difficult layout of instruments during measurement, cumbersome collection of data, being easily affected by external conditions, and being difficult to achieve global monitoring.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention relates to a prefabricated conductive concrete panel structure for rockfill dams applicable to global deformation monitoring, which includes an upper panel unit, a lower panel unit, and a flexible water stop device. The stepped surfaces of the upper panel unit and the lower panel unit are overlapped and connected together through a positioning component. The flexible water stop device is arranged in the vertical lap joint of the upper panel unit and the lower panel unit.

[0009] Preferably, both the upper panel unit and the lower panel unit are arranged as layered structures, including an upper electrode, an upper heating layer, a shielding layer, a lower heating layer, and a lower electrode arranged in sequence. An upper protective layer is arranged outside the upper electrode, an anti-seepage insulating layer is laid outside the upper protective layer, a lower protective layer is arranged outside the lower electrode, and a steel reinforcement cage covers the outer periphery of the shielding layer.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning component includes a metal plug and a metal stop piece that cooperate with each other. Metal elastic pieces are arranged on both sides of the tip of the metal plug. The metal plug is connected to the upper panel unit through a metal plug base, and the metal stop piece is fixed on the lower panel unit.

[0011] Preferably, the overlapping part of the upper panel unit is set as an upper convex platform. Multiple grouting holes and exhaust holes are arranged on the upper convex platform, and the grouting holes and the exhaust holes are arranged in a straight line. A hollow cavity is provided in the middle of the overlapping horizontal plane of the upper convex platform. The metal plug is located in the hollow cavity. Both ends of the metal plug base are buried in the upper convex platform, and the middle of the metal plug base is in a disengaged state from the upper convex platform. The grouting holes and the exhaust holes lead into the cavity from the surface of the upper panel unit.

[0012] The overlapping part of the lower panel unit is set as a lower convex platform. A lower hollow cavity is provided in the middle of the overlapping horizontal plane of the lower convex platform. The fixed metal stop piece is buried on both sides of the lower hollow cavity of the lower convex platform. The metal stop piece covers a part of the lower hollow cavity. The tip of the metal plug penetrates through the gap of the metal stop piece and extends into the lower hollow cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the thicknesses of both the upper convex platform and the lower convex platform are half of the thickness of the panel unit.

[0014] Preferably, the flexible water stop device includes a T-shaped water stop device, an Ω-shaped water stop device, and expansion bolts. The T-shaped water stop device includes a T-shaped water stop rubber and a type-I stainless steel cover plate. The T-shaped water stop rubber is pressed at the joint between the left side of the upper convex platform and the right side of the lower panel unit through two type-I stainless steel cover plates and expansion bolts. The Ω-shaped water stop device includes an Ω-shaped water stop rubber and a type-II stainless steel cover plate. The Ω-shaped water stop rubber is pressed on the right side of the lower convex platform through two type-II stainless steel cover plates and expansion bolts.

[0015] Preferably, the steel reinforcement cage is welded by vertical bars, upper horizontal bars, and lower horizontal bars.

[0016] Installation of the assembled conductive concrete panel structure of the rockfill dam applicable to global deformation monitoring includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: The Ω-shaped water-stop rubber is installed on the outer side of the lower convex platform through expansion bolts and type II stainless steel cover plates;

[0018] S2: The upper convex platform covers the lower convex platform, the metal plug passes through the gap of the metal baffle and is inserted into the cavity of the lower convex platform, and at the same time the Ω-shaped water-stop rubber is pressed by the upper panel unit;

[0019] S3: The T-shaped water-stop rubber is installed at the joint between the upper convex platform and the lower panel unit through expansion bolts and type I stainless steel cover plates;

[0020] S4: Grout the cavity where the upper panel unit and the lower panel unit are docked through the grouting holes reserved on the upper convex platform;

[0021] S5: Seal all grouting holes and vent holes, and apply anti-seepage and insulating materials after sealing.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The panel unit of the present invention adopts a reinforced conductive concrete panel structure, which ensures the mechanical properties of the panel unit and at the same time plays the role of active heat preservation and frost resistance. The panel unit is covered by a cube formed by welding double-layer steel bars to form a shielding layer, reducing the thickness of the heating layer, thereby reducing the operation cost of the panel unit.

[0024] 2. The panel unit of the present invention is prefabricated in the factory, with few on-site installation procedures and convenient and fast splicing. A layer of insulating and anti-seepage layer is coated on the surface of the panel unit, improving the anti-seepage ability and safety of the panel unit. The adjacent panel units are connected by a combination of buckles and grouting, enhancing the firmness of the connection, and at the same time a flexible water-stop device is added at the joint, making the panel unit have a certain ability to resist deformation.

[0025] 3. The present invention fully considers the piezoresistivity of the conductive concrete, and calculates the actual stress state and deformation situation through the measured resistivity. During actual operation, the panel units are laid on the entire surface of the dam, so as to achieve the purpose of global deformation monitoring.

[0026] Generally speaking, through modular design, the present invention prefabricates and forms the panel units in advance, and can be directly assembled on-site, which is more convenient and fast to install and use, has a certain ability to resist deformation, and at the same time utilizes the piezoresistive characteristics of the conductive concrete to achieve global deformation monitoring. Description of the Drawings

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the description of the drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is the top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is the schematic diagram of the structure of the upper panel unit of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is the schematic diagram of the structure of the lower panel unit of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Upper panel unit; 1A. Upper convex platform; 2. Lower panel unit; 2A. Lower convex platform; 3. Anti-seepage insulation layer; 4. Upper protective layer; 5. Upper electrode; 6. Upper heating layer; 7. Shielding layer; 8. Steel reinforcement cage; 9. Lower heating layer; 10. Lower electrode; 11. Lower protective layer; 12. Metal plug; 13. Metal spring piece; 14. Metal plug base; 15. Metal baffle; 16. T-shaped water stop rubber; 17. Ω-shaped water stop rubber; 18. Type I stainless steel cover plate; 19. Type II stainless steel cover plate; 20. Expansion bolt; 21. Vertical reinforcement; 22A. Upper horizontal reinforcement; 22B. Lower horizontal reinforcement; 23. Grouting hole; 24. Vent hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0034] As Figures 1-4 shown, the assembled conductive concrete panel structure of the rockfill dam applicable to global deformation monitoring includes an upper panel unit 1, a lower panel unit 2 and a flexible water stop device. The stepped surfaces of the upper panel unit 1 and the lower panel unit 2 are overlapped and connected together through a positioning component. The flexible water stop device is arranged in the vertical overlap joint of the upper panel unit 1 and the lower panel unit 2. Specifically, there are two flexible water stop devices. One is fixed on the panel surface through an expansion bolt 20, and the other is located on the lower convex platform 2A of the lower panel unit 2 and the head of the water stop device is in close contact with one side of the upper panel unit, playing a role in sealing the joint and preventing water leakage.

[0035] Specifically, the upper panel unit 1 and the lower panel unit 2 are both configured as a layered structure, including an upper electrode 5, an upper heating layer 6, a shielding layer 7, a lower heating layer 9 and a lower electrode 10 arranged in sequence, an upper protective layer 4 is provided on the outer side of the upper electrode 5, an anti-seepage insulating layer 3 is laid on the outer side of the upper protective layer 4, a lower protective layer 11 is provided on the outer side of the lower electrode 10, and the outer peripheral cover of the shielding layer 7 is covered with a steel cage 8; specifically, the shielding layer 7 is formed by cast conductive concrete, and because the steel cage 8 is provided on the outer peripheral surface, the current passes through the steel cage 8 to form a loop but not through the interior thereof, thereby forming the shielding layer 7.

[0036] Specifically, the steel cage 8 is welded by vertical ribs 21, upper horizontal ribs 22A and lower horizontal ribs 22B. During construction, the specifications, models, spacing, and concrete protection layer meet the standard design requirements. The welding operation is full and smooth, without pores and slag inclusions, and the thickness of the heating layer is reduced, further reducing the operating cost of the panel unit.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the positioning assembly includes a metal plug 12 and a metal baffle 15 that cooperate with each other, metal springs 13 are arranged on both sides of the tip of the metal plug 12, the metal plug 12 is connected to the upper panel unit 1 through a metal plug base 14, and the metal baffle 15 is fixed to the lower panel unit 2;

[0038] Specifically, the flexible water-stop device includes a T-type water-stop device, an Ω-type water-stop device and an expansion bolt 20; the T-type water-stop device includes a T-type water-stop rubber 16 and a type I stainless steel cover plate 18, and the T-type water-stop rubber 16 is pressed at the joint located on the left side of the upper boss 1A and the right side of the lower panel unit 2 through two type I stainless steel cover plates 18 and expansion bolts 20; the Ω-type water-stop device includes an Ω-type water-stop rubber 17 and a type II stainless steel cover plate 19, and the Ω-type water-stop rubber 17 is pressed at the right side of the lower boss 2A through two type II stainless steel cover plates 19 and expansion bolts 20. By adding a flexible water-stop device at the joint, the panel unit has a certain ability to resist deformation.

[0039] Specifically, the tip of the metal plug 12 penetrates through the gap of the metal baffle 15 and goes deep into the lower cavity. The metal plug 12 is elastically supported by the metal spring 13 to resist the compression deformation of the tip of the metal plug 12 when it penetrates through the gap of the metal baffle 15. After penetration, the metal spring 13 returns to the open state, making it difficult for the metal plug 12 to detach from the metal baffle 15, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the upper panel unit 1 and the lower panel unit 2.

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, the overlapping part of the upper panel unit 1 is provided with an upper convex platform 1A. A plurality of grouting holes 23 and exhaust holes 24 are arranged on the upper convex platform 1A, and the grouting holes 23 and the exhaust holes 24 are arranged in a straight line.

[0041] As Figure 3 shown, a hollow cavity is provided in the middle of the overlapping horizontal plane of the upper convex platform 1A. The metal plug 12 is located in the hollow cavity. Both ends of the metal plug base 14 are buried in the upper convex platform 1A. The middle of the metal plug base 14 is in a disengaged state from the upper convex platform 1A. The grouting holes 23 and the exhaust holes 24 lead into the cavity from the surface of the upper panel unit 1.

[0042] As Figure 4 shown, the overlapping part of the lower panel unit 2 is provided with a lower convex platform 2A. A lower cavity is provided in the middle of the overlapping horizontal plane of the lower convex platform 2A. The fixed metal retaining piece 15 is buried on both sides of the lower cavity of the lower convex platform 2A, and the metal retaining piece 15 covers a part of the lower cavity.

[0043] The thicknesses of both the upper convex platform 1A and the lower convex platform 2A are half of the thickness of the panel unit. The convex platforms between the upper and lower adjacent panel units adopt a combination of snap-fastening and grouting, which enhances the firmness of the connection. Moreover, the panel units can be prefabricated in the factory, with fewer on-site installation procedures and convenient and fast splicing.

[0044] The installation of the assembled conductive concrete panel structure of the rockfill dam applicable to global deformation monitoring is characterized by including the following steps:

[0045] S1: The Ω-shaped waterstop rubber 17 is installed on the outer side of the lower convex platform 2A through the expansion bolts 20 and the type II stainless steel cover plate 19;

[0046] S2: The upper convex platform 1A is covered on the lower convex platform 2A. The metal plug 12 passes through the gap of the metal retaining piece 15 and is inserted into the cavity of the lower convex platform 2A. At the same time, the Ω-shaped waterstop rubber 17 is pressed by the upper panel unit 1;

[0047] S3: The T-shaped waterstop rubber 16 is installed at the joint of the upper convex platform 1A and the lower panel unit 2 through the expansion bolts 20 and the type I stainless steel cover plate 18;

[0048] S4: The cavity where the upper panel unit 1 and the lower panel unit 2 are butted is grouted through the grouting holes 23 reserved on the upper convex platform 1A;

[0049] S5: All the grouting holes 23 and the exhaust holes 24 are blocked, and after blocking, an anti-seepage and insulating material is supplemented and painted. The anti-seepage and insulating material covers the entire surface of the panel.

[0050] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0051] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated conductive concrete panel structure for rockfill dams applicable to global deformation monitoring, characterized in that: It includes an upper panel unit (1), a lower panel unit (2) and a flexible water stop device. The stepped surfaces of the upper panel unit (1) and the lower panel unit (2) are overlapped and then connected together by a positioning component. The flexible water stop device is arranged in the vertical lap joint between the upper panel unit (1) and the lower panel unit (2). Both the upper panel unit (1) and the lower panel unit (2) are arranged as layered structures, including an upper electrode (5), an upper heating layer (6), a shielding layer (7), a lower heating layer (9) and a lower electrode (10) arranged in sequence. An upper protective layer (4) is arranged outside the upper electrode (5). An anti-seepage insulating layer (3) is laid outside the upper protective layer (4). A lower protective layer (11) is arranged outside the lower electrode (10). A steel reinforcement cage (8) is covered outside the shielding layer (7). The positioning component includes a metal plug (12) and a metal retainer (15) that cooperate with each other. Metal elastic pieces (13) are arranged on both sides of the tip of the metal plug (12). The metal plug (12) is connected to the upper panel unit (1) through a metal plug base (14). The metal retainer (15) is fixed on the lower panel unit (2).

2. The prefabricated conductive concrete panel structure for rockfill dams applicable to global deformation monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lap joint of the upper panel unit (1) is set as an upper convex platform (1A). A plurality of grouting holes (23) and exhaust holes (24) are arranged on the upper convex platform (1A), and the grouting holes (23) and the exhaust holes (24) are arranged in a straight line. There is an upper cavity in the middle of the lap horizontal plane of the upper convex platform (1A). The metal plug (12) is located in the upper cavity. Both ends of the metal plug base (14) are buried in the upper convex platform (1A), and the middle of the metal plug base (14) is in a disengaged state from the upper convex platform (1A). The grouting holes (23) and the exhaust holes (24) lead into the cavity from the surface of the upper panel unit (1). The lap joint of the lower panel unit (2) is set as a lower convex platform (2A). There is a lower cavity in the middle of the lap horizontal plane of the lower convex platform (2A). The metal retainer (15) is buried on both sides of the lower cavity of the lower convex platform (2A). The metal retainer (15) covers a part of the lower cavity. The tip of the metal plug (12) penetrates through the gap of the metal retainer (15) and then extends into the lower cavity.

3. The prefabricated conductive concrete panel structure for rockfill dams applicable to global deformation monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thicknesses of both the upper convex platform (1A) and the lower convex platform (2A) are half of the thickness of the panel unit.

4. The prefabricated conductive concrete panel structure for rockfill dams applicable to global deformation monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible water stop device includes a T-shaped water stop device, an Ω-shaped water stop device and expansion bolts (20). The T-shaped water stop device includes a T-shaped water stop rubber (16) and a type-I stainless steel cover plate (18). The T-shaped water stop rubber (16) is pressed at the joint between the left side of the upper convex platform (1A) and the right side of the lower panel unit (2) by two type-I stainless steel cover plates (18) and expansion bolts (20). The Ω-shaped water stop device includes an Ω-shaped water stop rubber (17) and a type-II stainless steel cover plate (19). The Ω-shaped water stop rubber (17) is pressed on the right side of the lower convex platform (2A) by two type-II stainless steel cover plates (19) and expansion bolts (20).

5. The prefabricated conductive concrete panel structure for rockfill dams applicable to global deformation monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel reinforcement cage (8) is welded by vertical bars (21), upper horizontal bars (22A) and lower horizontal bars (22B).

6. An installation method for the prefabricated conductive concrete panel structure for rockfill dams applicable to global deformation monitoring according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: The Ω-shaped waterstop rubber (17) is installed on the outer side of the lower convex platform (2A) through expansion bolts (20) and type II stainless steel cover plates (19). S2: The upper convex platform (1A) covers the lower convex platform (2A), the metal plug (12) passes through the gap of the metal baffle (15) and is inserted into the cavity of the lower convex platform (2A), and at the same time the Ω-shaped waterstop rubber (17) is pressed by the upper panel unit (1). S3: The T-shaped waterstop rubber (16) is installed at the joint between the upper convex platform (1A) and the lower panel unit (2) through expansion bolts (20) and type I stainless steel cover plates (18). S4: The cavity formed by the butt joint of the upper panel unit (1) and the lower panel unit (2) is grouted through the grouting hole (23) reserved on the upper convex platform (1A). S5: All grouting holes (23) and vent holes (24) are blocked, and an anti-seepage and insulating material is additionally applied after blocking.

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