A prefabricated combined joint suitable for rapid construction of a small comprehensive pipe gallery

Abstract

The application discloses a prefabricated combined node suitable for rapid construction of a small comprehensive pipe gallery, and the combined node is a prefabricated structure body, which comprises an inspection port 13, a hoisting port 17, a connecting groove 6, an air duct 10 and a concrete prefabricated cover plate 19. The prefabricated combined node is prefabricated in a factory and assembled on site, realizes full prefabrication of standard sections and nodes, and achieves the purposes of rapid construction of the whole line and improvement of construction quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of small-scale integrated utility tunnel technology, and specifically to a prefabricated node structure that is rapid to construct and modular, intensive, and standardized. More specifically, it provides a prefabricated modular node suitable for rapid construction of small-scale integrated utility tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Small-scale integrated utility tunnels primarily serve end-users, acting as a valuable supplement to the municipal pipeline corridor construction system. They generally employ a shallow-buried, single-compartment structure, making them suitable for road sections with limited underground space, particularly in the renovation and upgrading of old urban branch roads, alleyways, and neighborhood roads, or in the construction of new urban branch roads. Under conditions of narrow roads, tight schedules, and limited investment, they can achieve improved quality and rapid construction. Small-scale integrated utility tunnels can be equipped with lightweight ancillary facilities based on operational safety and maintenance requirements. Personnel entrances, hoisting openings, ventilation openings, and pipeline branch openings should be compactly combined to reduce space occupation and enhance the overall urban landscape.

[0003] The design of small-scale integrated utility tunnels needs to be closely integrated with site conditions and fully consider issues such as working in confined spaces. While ensuring safety and quality, rapid construction methods can effectively reduce costs and shorten the occupation period of personnel, materials, and machinery, while minimizing the impact on residents' lives. Based on these considerations, the prefabrication method combined with modular nodes for small-scale integrated utility tunnels can achieve these goals, reaching a technically and economically optimal level.

[0004] In existing technologies, prefabrication and assembly technology for integrated utility tunnels refers to a rapid and green construction technology that involves prefabricating the main structural components of small integrated utility tunnels in a factory under construction conditions such as open-cut, cut-and-cover, or top-and-bottom excavation, and then assembling them on-site. As a green construction technology, prefabrication and assembly technology for integrated utility tunnels has been promoted and developed nationwide in recent years. Commonly used prefabricated utility tunnel construction schemes in China mainly include full prefabrication and assembly, modular prefabrication and assembly, and panel prefabrication and assembly. For small integrated utility tunnels, due to their smaller cross-sectional area, full-section prefabrication and assembly are generally adopted. Currently, prefabrication and assembly projects for utility tunnels implemented in China mostly adopt the form of standard section prefabrication and in-situ casting of joints, mainly because the diverse types of integrated utility tunnel joints are difficult to prefabricate.

[0005] However, for municipal branch roads, alleys, and neighborhood roads, where land services are relatively dense, prefabrication of standard sections and cast-in-place construction of nodes offer limited benefits in reducing construction time and improving construction quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need to combine, integrate, and standardize the functions of each node in small integrated utility tunnels. At the same time, it is necessary to develop an integral prefabricated structure for nodes and establish a process of factory prefabrication, transportation, hoisting, on-site installation, and connection of standard sections. This would remove the constraints on the prefabrication of small integrated utility tunnels and achieve the goal of rapid construction along the entire line. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a prefabricated modular node suitable for rapid construction of small-scale integrated utility tunnels. Its purpose is to solve the technical problems of long construction period and inability to improve construction quality caused by cast-in-place nodes. This invention combines and integrates the functional nodes such as inspection ports, hoisting ports, ventilation ports, and pipeline branch ports that are conventionally scattered in integrated utility tunnels, and standardizes them to realize the industrialized construction of small-scale integrated utility tunnels and the prefabrication and assembly of complex nodes, thereby shortening the construction period and improving the construction quality to the greatest extent.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A prefabricated modular node suitable for rapid construction of small integrated utility tunnels is characterized in that the modular node is a prefabricated structure, including an inspection port 13, a hoisting port 17, a connecting tongue and groove joint 6, an air duct 10, and a prefabricated concrete cover plate 19.

[0009] The combined node 2 is a shaft enclosed by side walls, with an integrally formed top plate and bottom plate cover at the top and bottom. On the horizontal plane, a connecting tongue and groove 6 is provided on the side walls at both ends of the shaft, which connects to the standard section 1 of the small pipe gallery and extends out of the shaft. The interior of the connecting tongue and groove is connected to the interior of the combined node. The shaft has an outward expansion section 4 in the middle that is wider than the two ends of the shaft. Between the outward expansion section 4 and the two ends of the shaft, there is a gradually narrowing transition section 3. The side walls of the shaft on both sides of the outward expansion section are arranged parallel to each other, and the side walls of the shaft on both sides of the transition section are arranged obliquely in a V-shape. In the vertical direction, the height of the combined node 2 is higher than the height of the pipe gallery of the standard section 1 of the small pipe gallery. The higher section is a protruding section 5. Rigid waterproof sleeves 7, galvanized seamless steel pipe II 9, galvanized seamless steel pipe I 8 are pre-embedded on the side walls of the outward expansion section on both sides of the protruding section. A ventilation duct 10 is provided on the side wall of the shaft of the transition section. The top of the ventilation duct 10 is connected to a ventilation tower or a ventilation cap 11.

[0010] The top plate is provided with a hoisting port 17 and an inspection port 13; the inspection port 13 is provided with a 90° steel ladder 14 leading into the node; multiple hooks 12 are evenly distributed on the top plate and located on the side wall of the node.

[0011] The aforementioned prefabricated combined node is suitable for rapid construction of small integrated utility tunnels. The prefabricated structure of the combined node 2 is installed below ground. The inspection port 13 is built with a prefabricated well shaft 15 with its opening exposed above ground and a well cover 16 is installed. The hoisting port 17 is covered with a prefabricated concrete cover plate 19. The air inlet of the ventilation duct 10 is exposed above ground and its top end is connected to a ventilation pavilion or ventilation cap 11 on the ground. The top plate is covered with soil to form the upper road structure.

[0012] The aforementioned prefabricated assembly node suitable for rapid construction of small integrated utility tunnels, wherein the inspection port 13 and the hoisting port 17 are longitudinally arranged in the middle of the top slab; and an upper inverted beam 18 is provided at the opening of the hoisting port 17.

[0013] The aforementioned prefabricated assembly node suitable for rapid construction of small integrated utility tunnels, wherein eight hooks 12 are evenly distributed at the top slab.

[0014] This invention utilizes prefabricated modular nodes, which are prefabricated in a factory and assembled on-site for rapid construction. After the prefabricated nodes are installed, prefabricated manhole covers are installed. Ventilation ducts are connected to the prefabricated structure via duct interfaces. The duct ends in ground-level ventilation shafts or vent caps, the location of which is flexibly determined based on the road cross-section and urban design, harmonizing with the surrounding landscape. After the pipelines are installed, prefabricated concrete covers are placed over the hoisting openings. Finally, the superstructure is constructed by covering with soil.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1) The prefabricated modular nodes of this invention are prefabricated in the factory and assembled on site, realizing the full prefabrication of standard sections and nodes, achieving the goal of rapid construction and improving construction quality along the entire line.

[0017] 2) In newly built urban areas, municipal branch roads and some secondary trunk roads are established on a large scale. By combining the planned municipal pipeline requirements with the application of this invention under the roads, the construction period can be significantly shortened, and the economic advantages of prefabricated integrated pipe gallery projects can be realized after they are established on a large scale.

[0018] 3) In urban renewal and renovation projects, the adoption of this invention can effectively shorten the construction period, reduce the occupation period of resources such as personnel, materials, and machinery, and at the same time minimize the impact on residents' lives.

[0019] 4) The steel air duct of this invention adopts steel pipe, steel-plastic composite pipe, and ductile iron pipe, which makes the implementation highly flexible.

[0020] The location of ventilation shafts or hoods can be determined by considering road crossroads and current implementation conditions. The shape of the exposed opening should be combined with urban design and coordinated with the overall urban landscape.

[0021] 5) In practical applications, the design and size adjustment of the reserved and embedded parts can be flexibly carried out according to the needs of the pipeline entering the corridor during the prefabrication in the factory. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of section 1-1 in the figure;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram 2-2 in the figure;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tongue and groove joint.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hook.

[0027] Attached Figure Numbers: 1-Standard section of small utility tunnel, 2-Combined node, 3-Gradual transition section, 4-Outward expansion section, 5-Protruding section, 6-Connecting tongue and groove, 7-Rigid waterproof sleeve, 8-(Φ150) galvanized seamless steel pipe I, 9-(Φ110) galvanized seamless steel pipe II, 10-Air duct, 11-Air pavilion or air cap, 12-Hook, 13-Inspection port, 14-90° steel ladder, 15-Precast shaft, 16-Manhole cover, 17-Lifting port, 18-Upper inverted beam, 19-Precast concrete cover plate, A-Ground. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The following embodiments are merely examples to clearly illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the following description, and these obvious variations or modifications arising from the spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0031] See Figure 1-3 As shown, this invention provides a prefabricated modular node suitable for rapid construction of small integrated utility tunnels. The modular node is a prefabricated structure, including an inspection port 13, a hoisting port 17, a connecting tongue and groove joint 6, an air duct 10, and a prefabricated concrete cover plate 19.

[0032] See Figure 1-3 As shown, the combined node 2 is a shaft enclosed by side walls, with an integrally formed top and bottom plate covering its top and bottom openings. On the horizontal plane, connecting tongue-and-groove joints 6, which connect to the standard section 1 of the small utility tunnel and extend out of the shaft, are provided on the side walls at both ends of the shaft. The interior of the connecting tongue-and-groove joint is connected to the interior of the combined node. (See also...) Figure 1 The well shaft has an outwardly widened section 4 in the middle, wider than both ends. Between the outwardly widened section 4 and both ends of the well shaft is a gradually narrowing transition section 3, meaning the middle section of the combined joint is thicker than the ends. The side walls of the well shaft on both sides of the outwardly widened section are parallel, while the side walls of the well shaft on both sides of the transition section are inclined in a V-shape. In the vertical direction, see... Figure 2The combined node 2 is higher than the height of the standard section 1 of the small utility tunnel, with the higher section being a raised section 5. Rigid waterproof sleeves 7, Φ110 galvanized seamless steel pipe II 9, and Φ150 galvanized seamless steel pipe I 8 are pre-embedded on the side walls of the outward expansion section on both sides of the raised section. A ventilation duct 10 is installed on the side wall of the shaft in the transition section. The top of the ventilation duct 10 is connected to a ventilation pavilion or ventilation cap 11. The ventilation duct 10 can be made of steel pipe, steel-plastic composite pipe, or ductile iron pipe.

[0033] The top slab is provided with a hoisting opening 17 and an inspection opening 13. An upper anti-reverse beam 18 is installed at the opening of the hoisting opening 17 for reinforcement. See also... Figure 2 The eaves of the upper inverted beam 18 also help prevent groundwater from seeping into the node from the roof slab; the inspection port 13 is equipped with a 90° steel ladder 14 leading into the node for maintenance and personnel escape; see also Figure 3 , 5 Eight hooks 12 are evenly distributed on the top plate and are located on the side wall of the node to connect with the side wall to increase the firmness.

[0034] The aforementioned prefabricated composite node suitable for rapid construction of small integrated utility tunnels, wherein the prefabricated structure of composite node 2 is installed below ground level A, see [reference]. Figure 2 The inspection port 13 is constructed with a precast well shaft 15 with its opening exposed above the ground and a well cover 16 is installed. The hoisting port 17 is covered with a precast concrete cover 19. The air inlet of the air duct 10 is exposed above the ground and its top end is connected to a ventilation pavilion or wind cap 11 on the ground. The top slab is covered with soil to form the upper road structure.

[0035] See Figure 1-3 The prefabricated assembly node suitable for rapid construction of small integrated utility tunnels, wherein the inspection port 13 and the hoisting port 17 are arranged longitudinally in the middle of the top slab; the opening of the hoisting port 17 is reinforced by an upper anti-reverse beam 18.

[0036] Although the hoisting node is entirely underground and the hoisting opening is covered, due to the low groundwater level and factors such as ground greening and rainfall, surface water can seep into the top slab of the node through the soil. At the edge of the opening in the top slab, water will then flow into the hoisting node through gaps. The installation of a reverse beam at the edge of the opening partially acts as a water-retaining barrier. Therefore, the reverse beam helps prevent groundwater from the top from seeping into the node.

[0037] Example

[0038] See Figure 1-5 As shown, the specific technical solution of this embodiment is as follows:

[0039] The interface between the standard section 1 of the small utility tunnel and the combined node 2 adopts a tongue-and-groove joint 6. The combined node 2 is equipped with a transition section 3 and an outward expansion section 4 to meet the turning radius of the main power line and the branch line outgoing from the plot. The height of the combined node 2 is higher than that of the standard section 1 of the small utility tunnel. The raised section 5 is pre-embedded with a rigid waterproof sleeve 7, a Φ110 galvanized seamless steel pipe II 9, and a Φ150 galvanized seamless steel pipe I 8 to meet the outgoing line requirements. The raised section 5 is pre-embedded with a ventilation duct 10, which can be made of steel pipe, steel-plastic composite pipe, or ductile iron pipe. A hoisting opening 17 and an inspection opening 13 are set above the combined node. The existence of the hoisting opening 17 is relatively unfavorable to the overall integrity of the node. Therefore, this invention reinforces the opening by adding an upper inverted beam 18. At the same time, the eaves of the upper inverted beam 18 also helps to prevent groundwater from seeping into the node from the top slab. The inspection opening 13 is equipped with a 90° steel ladder 14 for maintenance and personnel escape. Eight hooks 12 are installed at the top slab for crane lifting. The ventilation system of this invention utilizes ventilation shafts or ventilator caps 11, with ventilation ducts 10. The ventilation ducts 10 can be made of steel pipes, steel-plastic composite pipes, or ductile iron pipes. The ventilation ducts 10 can be laid according to the location of the ventilation shafts or ventilator caps 11, offering high flexibility and minimal impact on the surrounding landscape. After the prefabricated nodes are installed in place, prefabricated manhole shafts 15 are constructed, manhole covers 16 are installed, and after the pipeline installation is completed, a prefabricated concrete cover 19 is added to the lifting opening 17. Finally, the upper road structure is constructed by covering with soil.

[0040] The technical solution of this embodiment is further described below:

[0041] Prefabricated Structure: The combined nodes are rationally laid out according to the professional technical requirements of power, communication, water supply, and reclaimed water pipelines. The nodes are equipped with extended sections and raised sections to meet the requirements of professional pipeline conversion, branch line outlets, and maintenance space. The raised sections are pre-embedded with rigid waterproof sleeves, two Φ110 galvanized seamless steel pipes, and one Φ150 galvanized seamless steel pipe as outlets. The raised sections are pre-embedded with ventilation ducts, which can be made of steel pipes, steel-plastic composite pipes, or ductile iron pipes to achieve ventilation functions. Inspection openings and hoisting holes are set in the top slab above the maintenance passage. A 90° steel movable ladder is installed from the wellhead above the inspection opening to the maintenance passage, enabling personnel escape, maintenance, and hoisting functions.

[0042] The pre-embedded pipeline outlet sleeve is prefabricated as a whole with the node concrete; the present invention reinforces the opening of the top slab by adding an upper inverted beam, and the eaves of the upper inverted beam also helps to prevent groundwater from the top slab from seeping into the node.

[0043] In this embodiment, the standard section of the small utility tunnel adopts a standard cross-section of 1.9m*1.9m. The total length of the prefabricated nodes is approximately 7m, the widest point is approximately 4.5m, and the total weight of the prefabricated assembly nodes is approximately 59.5t. The prefabricated assembly nodes of other standard cross-section small utility tunnel sections can be calculated according to the circumstances of this invention and transportation conditions.

[0044] Hooks: A truck crane and wire rope hoisting method is used. Eight hooks are set at the top slab. During prefabrication, the hooks are tied to the steel cage as a whole.

[0045] Interface: The tongue and groove joints at both ends of the prefabricated composite node correspond to and fit into the tongue and groove joints of the standard section of the small utility tunnel. See [link / reference]. Figure 4 This invention meets the requirements for on-site splicing. It utilizes a tongue-and-groove joint, which is smooth on the outside for easy installation and also possesses the anti-uneven settlement characteristics of a socket joint. To reduce construction difficulty, the precast sections are tightened during longitudinal hoisting, without using prestressed tendons. A tongue-and-groove connection is employed, with pre-embedded rubber rings for water sealing.

[0046] Manhole and manhole cover: After the prefabricated nodes are installed in place, the prefabricated manhole is built and the manhole cover is installed.

[0047] Ventilation ducts and ventilators: Ventilation is achieved using ventilation shafts or ventilators. Ventilation ducts are installed, which can be made of steel pipes, steel-plastic composite pipes, or ductile iron pipes. The ductwork can be laid according to the location of the ventilation shafts or ventilators, offering high flexibility and minimal impact on the surrounding landscape.

[0048] Precast concrete cover: After the pipeline is installed, a precast concrete cover is placed on the hoisting opening, and the cover is covered with about 1m of soil.

[0049] The specific construction method in this embodiment is as follows:

[0050] The construction method for prefabricated composite nodes is similar to that for prefabricated standard sections of small utility tunnels, and is a traditional method. The main steps are the binding of steel cages, the erection of formwork, the embedding of lifting rings and sleeves, concrete pouring, curing, and transportation to the site for installation.

[0051] In the specific overall prefabrication implementation process

[0052] ① Two grooves are provided at the embedded end of the standard section interface of the small pipe gallery, see Figure 4 An inner elastic rubber sealing gasket 102 is provided, and a grouting hole 104 is reserved on the embedded end wall between the two rubber gaskets. Grouting is used for sealing after installation.

[0053] ② Installation and positioning stage: A thin layer of sand is laid under the bottom plate of the node to reduce the friction between the floorboards, and external thrust can be applied to speed up the positioning and installation of the prefabricated section.

[0054] ③ After the prefabricated nodes are installed in place, the prefabricated well shaft is built. After the pipeline is installed, a prefabricated concrete cover plate is added to the hoisting opening, and finally the soil is covered to construct the upper road structure.

[0055] ④ The expansion joint sealant used is the two-component polysulfide sealant 101, commonly used in pipe gallery engineering. The filling material is low-foaming, high-density closed-cell polyethylene foam plastic sealant board 103. This material has advantages such as low water absorption, good leak-proof performance, and good aging resistance, and is often used in filling expansion joints in underground structures. After the precast segments are installed in place, the gap at the interface between the precast segments and the standard section of the small pipe gallery is first filled with low-foaming, high-density closed-cell polyethylene foam plastic sealant board, and then the surface is filled with two-component polysulfide sealant.

Claims

1. A prefabricated combined joint suitable for rapid construction of a small utility tunnel, characterized in that, The combination node is a prefabricated structure, comprising an inspection opening (13), a hoisting opening (17), a connecting groove (6), an air duct (10), and a concrete prefabricated cover plate (19). The combination node (2) is a shaft surrounded by side walls, and the top and bottom of the shaft are provided with integrally formed top and bottom covers. In the horizontal plane, connecting grooves (6) are provided on the side walls at both ends of the shaft and extend out of the shaft, and the connecting grooves are in communication with the interior of the combination node. The shaft is provided with an expanded section (4) wider than the shaft at the middle part, and the expanded section (4) gradually narrows to the gradual transition section (3) between the two ends of the shaft. The side walls of the expanded section are parallel, and the side walls of the gradual transition section are inclined in an eight-shaped manner. In the vertical direction, the height of the combination node (2) is higher than the height of the small pipe gallery standard section (1), and the protruding section (5) is higher than the height of the small pipe gallery standard section (1). The rigid waterproof sleeve (7), the galvanized seamless steel pipe two (9), the galvanized seamless steel pipe one (8), and the air duct (10) are embedded in the side walls of the expanded section and the gradual transition section, and the air duct (10) is connected to the wind pavilion or the wind cap (11) at the top end. The top plate is provided with a hoisting opening (17) and an inspection opening (13), and the inspection opening (13) is provided with a 90° steel ladder (14) leading to the interior of the node. The top plate is uniformly provided with multiple hooks (12) located on the side walls of the node.

2. The prefabricated combined joint suitable for rapid construction of a small utility tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combination node (2) is installed below the ground, the inspection opening (13) is provided with a prefabricated shaft (15) with the shaft opening exposed to the ground and installed with a well lid (16), the hoisting opening (17) is covered with a concrete prefabricated cover plate (19), the air inlet of the air duct (10) is exposed to the ground and connected to the wind pavilion or the wind cap (11) on the ground, and the top plate is covered with soil and provided with an upper road surface structure.

3. The prefabricated combined joint suitable for rapid construction of a small utility tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inspection opening (13) and the hoisting opening (17) are longitudinally arranged in the middle of the top plate, and the hoisting opening (17) is provided with an upper beam (18).

4. The prefabricated combined joint suitable for rapid construction of a small utility tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate is uniformly provided with eight hooks (12).

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