A semi-floating full-disc brake

Abstract

The present invention discloses a semi-floating full-disc brake, belonging to the field of parking brakes. It includes a housing, a transfer shaft, a piston, a brake disc, a first friction plate, and a second friction plate. The housing is installed on one side of the axle housing; the transfer shaft is installed on the central axis of the axle housing, one end of which is connected to the motor shaft through a spline and has a certain floating range in the axial direction; the piston is a hollow cylindrical structure, arranged inside the housing and can move left and right along the central axis of the housing; the brake disc is located at the middle position of the transfer shaft; the first friction plate is fixedly connected to the piston; the second friction plate is fixedly connected to the left inner wall of the housing. In the present invention, the brake disc is in a semi-floating state, rather than the brake being in a floating state, and there are relatively few floating parts for the entire brake disc. Moreover, the semi-floating brake disc is located inside the brake and is not subject to external interference, especially suitable for occasions with large vibrations, high speeds, and where the brake disc and the friction plate are easily engaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of parking brakes, and in particular, to a semi-floating full-disc brake. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a roadheader, a large amount of vibration is generated, and the motor itself rotates at a high speed. This causes frequent virtual wear (no piston pressing, but the friction pair itself fits) of the floating brake or the floating friction pair inside the brake. Currently, most floating caliper disc brakes on the market have the form of the brake floating and the brake disc fixed. A variety of structures are used to achieve the floating of the brake caliper body, which is not only complex in structure, but also cannot reliably offset the dragging wear caused by the shaking of the brake itself due to vibration. The floating mechanism is also mostly located outside the brake, and is easily interfered by the outside world. For the full-disc brake, the friction linings and the brake disc are mostly floating. Even if some springs are designed, only either the friction linings or the brake disc can be returned to the original position, and the other friction pair cannot be reliably positioned. As a result, dragging wear easily occurs. The full-disc brake is also mostly of a fully enclosed structure, and the grinding accumulates inside the brake, which easily limits the movement of the brake disc or the friction linings, generates eccentric loading, and affects the service life of the friction linings. Especially in the case of large vibration and high rotational speed, the probability of virtual wear of the disc and linings increases greatly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above technical defects, the present invention provides a semi-floating full-disc brake to solve the problems involved in the background art.

[0004] The present invention provides a semi-floating full-disc brake, including:

[0005] A housing, installed outside one side of the axle housing, and a first baffle plate with an annular structure is press-fitted on the right side inside the housing; it is defined that the side close to the axle housing is the left side, and the side far from the axle housing is the right side;

[0006] A transfer shaft, installed on the central axis of the axle housing, one end of which is connected to the motor shaft through a spline, and the other end is rotatably installed on the first baffle plate through a bearing, and has a certain floating range in the axial direction;

[0007] A piston, having a hollow cylindrical structure, arranged inside the housing, and capable of moving left and right along the central axis of the housing;

[0008] A brake disc, located at the middle position of the transfer shaft or approximately at the middle position of the transfer shaft, and connected to the transfer shaft through a spline;

[0009] A first friction lining, arranged on the right side of the brake disc, and fixedly connected to the piston;

[0010] A second friction lining, arranged on the left side of the brake disc, and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left side of the housing.

[0011] Optionally or preferably, a recess is formed on the right side of the inner surface of the piston, and a first disc spring in an energy storage state is press-fitted between the recess and the right inner wall of the housing, and the piston is driven to move towards the side close to the axle housing by the first disc spring.

[0012] A convex portion is press-fitted on the right side of the outer surface of the piston, a piston cylinder is formed between the piston and the inner wall of the housing, and the piston is driven to move towards the side away from the axle housing by injecting hydraulic oil into the piston cylinder.

[0013] Optionally or preferably, a transfer ring is also press-fitted between the brake disc and the transfer shaft;

[0014] The cross-sectional shape of the transfer ring is T-shaped or approximately T-shaped, its bottom is connected to the transfer shaft by a spline, and its upper part is connected to the brake disc by an interference fit.

[0015] Optionally or preferably, a limit block is press-fitted on the right side in the axial direction of the brake disc, and the limit block is fixed to the transfer shaft by a bolt connection to ensure that a predetermined gap is always left between the brake disc and the first friction plate.

[0016] Optionally or preferably, a second disc spring is press-fitted on the left side in the axial direction of the brake disc, and the second disc spring is arranged between the transfer ring and the outer wall of the axle housing to ensure that a predetermined gap is left between the brake disc and the second friction plate.

[0017] Optionally or preferably, a bleed valve is also press-fitted above the housing, and the bleed valve is communicated with the piston cylinder.

[0018] Optionally or preferably, a drain and observation port is designed at the lowest part of the circumference of the housing.

[0019] Optionally or preferably, a snap ring is arranged on the transfer shaft, and the snap ring is located on the right side of the bearing to realize axial limit of the bearing.

[0020] Optionally or preferably, a guide pin and a plurality of return springs are also press-fitted between the first friction plate and the second friction plate.

[0021] Optionally or preferably, the following are also press-fitted outside the housing:

[0022] A displacement sensor, which is used to detect the piston displacement, directly determine whether the piston and the friction plate return, and indirectly determine whether the wear reaches the limit;

[0023] An oil pressure sensor, which is used to monitor the system oil pressure to ensure that the driving braking force meets the braking requirements or the parking brake will not suddenly fail during the normal operation of the equipment;

[0024] A temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the first friction plate and / or the second friction plate;

[0025] A data acquisition and transmission box, which is signal-connected to the above displacement sensor, oil pressure sensor, and temperature sensor, and is used to collect the data of the sensors, and after processing, transmit it to the main control device of the equipment and save it locally.

[0026] The present invention relates to a semi-floating full-disc brake, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0027] 1. The brake disc in the present invention is in a semi-floating state, rather than the brake being in a floating state, and there are fewer parts involved in the floating part; it ensures a reliable gap between the brake disc and the friction plate, greatly reducing the probability of the brake disc and the friction plate fitting together, extending the service life of the brake, and the floating disc is located inside the brake and will not be interfered by the outside world. It is especially suitable for occasions with large vibrations, high speeds, and where the brake disc and the friction plate are prone to fitting together.

[0028] 2. The brake disc in the present invention is supported by an adapter ring with a T-shaped structure, and the joint surface with the adapter shaft is long, so it is not easy to tilt and drag.

[0029] 3. The brake disc in the present invention is located in the middle position of the adapter shaft and is supported by a bearing on the right side, in the middle of a simply supported beam, rather than being installed on a cantilever beam;

[0030] 4. The positions of the friction plates on both sides in the present invention are fixed, which is beneficial to ensuring the gap between the brake disc and the friction plate.

[0031] 5. The relative position of the brake disc in the present invention is fixed. There is a rigid limit block at the right end for rigid limit, and a disc spring at the left end for flexible limit. The disc spring is used to absorb the vibration generated during the operation of the equipment and the self-weight of the brake disc assembly. Thus, it ensures a reliable disc gap, and even in the case of brake tilt and large vibrations, there will be no virtual grinding condition.

[0032] 6. The brake in the present invention adopts an almost fully enclosed structure, with only a chip removal and observation port reserved at the bottom, and the other parts are fully enclosed, which is beneficial to ensuring that the brake is not interfered by the outside world.

[0033] 7. The brake in the present invention can be used not only for a parking brake but also for a service brake. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the parking brake in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of the medium vehicle brake of the present invention.

[0037] The reference numerals are: brake 1, displacement sensor 2, data acquisition and transmission box 3, oil pressure sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, axle housing 11, motor shaft 12, adapter shaft 13, housing 14, second friction plate 15, piston cylinder 16, air release valve 17, piston 18, first baffle 19, first disc spring 20, bearing 21, snap ring 22, second baffle 23, adapter ring 25, first friction plate 26, brake disc 27, second disc spring 28, disc spring stopper 29, guide pin 30, return spring 31. Detailed implementation mode

[0038] In the following description, a large number of specific details are given to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some well-known technical features in the art are not described.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] Refer to the attached Figures 1 to 2 , a semi-floating full-disc brake, comprising: axle housing 11, motor shaft 12, adapter shaft 13, housing 14, second friction plate 15, piston cylinder 16, air release valve 17, piston 18, first baffle 19, first disc spring 20, bearing 21, snap ring 22, second baffle 23, adapter ring 25, first friction plate 26, brake disc 27, second disc spring 28, disc spring stopper 29, guide pin 30, return spring 31.

[0041] The housing 14 is installed outside the axle housing 11. For the convenience of description, the side of the housing 14 close to the axle housing 11 inside is defined as the left side, and the side of the housing 14 far from the axle housing 11 inside is defined as the right side. A first baffle 19 with an annular structure is press-fitted on the right side inside the housing 14 for installing and fixing the adapter shaft 13 of the brake 1; and a second baffle 23 is arranged on the right side of the second baffle 23, and the second baffle 23 is press-fitted in the annular hollow area of the first baffle 19, so that the housing 14 and the axle housing 11 form a closed space, and can also play a certain limiting role on the adapter shaft 13.

[0042] The adapter shaft 13 is installed on the central axis of the axle housing 11 and extends to abut against or be close to the inner wall of the right side of the housing 14; one end of the adapter shaft 13 is connected to the motor shaft 12 by splines, and the other end is rotatably installed on the first baffle 19 through a bearing 21 and can rotate along the central axis of the housing 14. In addition, a shoulder is press-fitted on the adapter shaft 13, and it is designed as a stepped structure axially for radial positioning; and the adapter shaft 13 has a certain floating range axially.

[0043] The piston 18 is the main actuating component. The piston 18 is arranged inside the housing 14 and can move left and right along the central axis of the housing 14. The piston 18 is a hollow cylindrical structure. The right side of the piston 18 deforms circumferentially outwards, with a concave portion formed on its inner surface and a convex portion formed on its outer surface. A first disc spring 20 in an energy storage state is press-fitted between the concave portion and the right inner wall of the housing 14. The first disc spring 20 drives the piston 18 to move towards the side close to the axle housing 11 to provide a parking braking force. Both the adapter shaft 13 and the first disc spring 20 have shoulders for axial positioning, and shims are added or subtracted as needed to achieve consistent axial positions. A convex portion is press-fitted on the right side of the outer surface of the piston 18. The outer surface of the piston 18 is connected to the housing 14 through two sealing rings, and a piston 18 cylinder 16 is formed between the piston 18 and the inner wall of the housing 14. By injecting hydraulic oil into the piston 18 cylinder 16 and acting on the convex portion, the piston 18 is driven to move away from the axle housing 11 to provide a parking release force.

[0044] The brake disc 27 is arranged inside the housing 14, at or approximately at the middle position of the adapter shaft 13, and is connected to the adapter shaft 13 through an adapter ring 25. The bottom of the adapter ring 25 is connected to the adapter shaft 13 through a spline, and the upper part of the adapter ring 25 is connected to the brake disc 27 through an interference fit. Among them, the brake disc 27 and the adapter ring 25 are connected through an interference fit, and a certain interference amount is designed. When the parking brake 1 is too large due to factors such as system instability, the brake disc 27 is separated from the adapter shaft 13 to effectively protect the brake 1.

[0045] The adapter is designed as a T-shaped structure with a hollow middle, and its cross-sectional shape is T-shaped or approximately T-shaped, ensuring sufficient bonding length between the adapter ring 25 and the adapter shaft 13, reducing the mass of the adapter ring 25 itself, and preventing overturning. The entire brake disc 27 is in a semi-floating state, rather than the brake 1 being in a floating state. Moreover, there are relatively few floating parts in the entire brake disc 27, and the semi-floating brake disc 27 is located inside the brake 1 and is not affected by external interference, especially suitable for occasions with large vibrations, high speeds, and easy fitting between the brake disc 27 and the friction plate.

[0046] Among them, the adapter shaft 13 and the brake disc 27 have a certain floating range axially. A snap ring 22 is arranged on the adapter shaft 13, and the snap ring 22 is located on the right side of the bearing 21 to achieve axial limit for the bearing 21.

[0047] The first friction plate 26 is arranged on the right side of the brake disc 27 and fixedly connected to the piston 18 by bolts, moving left and right together with the piston 18, fitting or moving away from the brake disc 27 to achieve parking brake or parking release; the second friction plate 15 is arranged on the left side of the brake disc 27 and fixedly connected to the left inner wall of the housing 14 by bolts. Under the push of the first friction plate 26, the brake disc 27 moves axially by a certain distance until the brake disc 27 presses the second friction plate 15, so that both sides of the brake disc 27 are in contact with the first friction plate 26 and the second friction plate 15 to achieve braking.

[0048] In addition, a limit block is press-fitted on the right side in the axial direction of the brake disc 27. The limit block is fixedly connected to the transfer shaft 13 by a bolt connection to ensure that a predetermined gap is always left between the brake disc 27 and the first friction plate 26. A second disc spring 28 and a disc spring stopper 29 are press-fitted on the left side in the axial direction of the brake disc 27. The second disc spring 28 is arranged between the transfer ring 25 and the disc spring stopper 29 to ensure that a predetermined gap is left between the brake disc 27 and the second friction plate 15. The disc spring stopper 29 is arranged on the left side of the housing 14, and the disc spring stopper 29 is used to press-fit the second disc spring 28 to prevent the second disc spring 28 from contacting the outer wall of the axle housing 11. In this way, the relative position of the brake disc 27 is fixed. A limit block is press-fitted at the right end for rigid limit, and a second disc spring 28 is provided at the left end for flexible limit. The second disc spring 28 is used to absorb the vibration generated during the operation of the equipment and the self-weight of the brake disc 27 assembly. Thus, the disc and plate gap is ensured to be reliable, and even when the brake 1 is tilted and the vibration is large, no false grinding will occur.

[0049] In a further embodiment, a bleed valve 17 is also press-fitted above the housing 14. The bleed valve 17 is communicated with the cylinder 16 of the piston 18. It is used to regularly discharge the air in the oil chamber and the brake oil circuit to prevent brake jamming and cause too long braking time.

[0050] In a further embodiment, a drain and observation port is designed at the bottommost circumference of the housing 14. It is used to timely discharge the abrasives generated during the braking process from the inside of the brake 1 to prevent jamming, and the inside of the brake 1 can also be observed through this port, especially the disc and plate gap, while the upper and middle parts of the circumference are of a fully enclosed structure to prevent foreign objects from falling into the inside of the brake 1.

[0051] In a further embodiment, the following components are also press-fitted outside the housing 14: a displacement sensor 2, an oil pressure sensor 4, a temperature sensor 5, and a data acquisition and transmission box 3. The displacement sensor 2 is used to detect the displacement of the piston 18, directly determine whether the piston 18 and the friction plate are in the retracted position, and indirectly determine whether the wear has reached the limit; the oil pressure sensor 4 is used to monitor the system oil pressure to ensure that the vehicle braking force meets the braking requirements or that the parking brake will not suddenly fail during normal operation of the equipment; the temperature sensor 5 is used to monitor the temperature of the first friction plate 26 and / or the second friction plate 15 to prevent excessive temperature from causing seal failure. The data acquisition and transmission box 3 is signal-connected to the above-mentioned displacement sensor 2, oil pressure sensor 4, and temperature sensor 5, and is used to collect the data of the sensors, process it, and then transmit it to the main control equipment of the equipment and save it locally.

[0052] To facilitate the understanding of the technical solution of the semi-floating full-disc brake 1, a brief description of its working principle is as follows: During parking braking, the first disc spring 20 pushes the piston 18 and the first friction plate 26 on the piston 18 to press against the brake disc 27, and the brake disc 27 presses against the second friction plate 15 on the housing 14 to achieve parking braking. At this time, the adapter ring 25 of the brake disc 27 does not contact the axial limit block of the brake disc 27. During parking release, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil chamber to pull back the piston 18 and the right friction plate. Under the thrust of the second disc spring 28, the brake disc 27 presses against the axial limit block of the brake disc 27, so that the brake disc 27 does not contact the left and right friction plates, ensuring the disc clearance and enabling the equipment to rotate freely.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] Refer to the appendix Figure 3 Referring to the appendix, on the basis of Embodiment 1, a guide pin 30 and a plurality of return springs 31 are also press-fitted between the first friction plate 26 and the second friction plate 15 to achieve service braking. When the guide pin 30 and the return springs 31 are installed between the two friction plates, during service braking, the piston 18 presses against the friction plate brake disc 27 to achieve braking. When the service braking is released, multiple groups of return springs 31 evenly distributed on the brake housing 14 push the piston 18 back to ensure the disc clearance of the right friction plate. It can not only achieve parking braking but also service braking. Compared with pure parking braking, this embodiment has a faster response speed.

[0055] In addition, it should be noted that, in the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, they can be combined in any appropriate manner without conflict. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention does not separately describe various possible combination methods.

Claims

1. A semi-floating full-disc brake, characterized in that, Comprising: A housing, installed on one side of the axle housing, and a first baffle with an annular structure is press-fitted on the right side inside the housing; defining the side close to the axle housing as the left side and the side far from the axle housing as the right side; A transfer shaft, installed on the central axis of the axle housing, one end of which is connected to the motor shaft through splines, and the other end is rotatably installed on the first baffle through a bearing and has a certain floating range in the axial direction; A piston, the piston being a hollow cylindrical structure, arranged inside the housing and capable of moving left and right along the central axis of the housing; A brake disc, located at the middle position of the transfer shaft or approximately at the middle position of the transfer shaft, and connected to the transfer shaft through splines; A transfer ring, press-fitted between the brake disc and the transfer shaft, the bottom of the transfer ring is connected to the transfer shaft through splines, and the upper part of the transfer ring is connected to the brake disc through interference fit; A first friction plate, arranged on the right side of the brake disc and fixedly connected to the piston; A second friction plate, arranged on the left side of the brake disc and fixedly connected to the left inner wall of the housing; A limit block, press-fitted on the right side in the axial direction of the brake disc, the limit block is fixed to the transfer shaft to ensure that a predetermined gap is always left between the brake disc and the first friction plate; A disc spring stopper, press-fitted on the left side in the axial direction of the brake disc, the disc spring stopper is arranged on the left side of the housing; A second disc spring, arranged between the transfer ring and the disc spring stopper to ensure that a predetermined gap is left between the brake disc and the second friction plate.

2. The semi-floating full-disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, A recessed portion is formed on the right side of the inner surface of the piston, and a first disc spring in an energy storage state is press-fitted between the recessed portion and the right inner wall of the housing, and the piston is driven to move towards the side close to the axle housing through the first disc spring.

3. The semi-floating full-disc brake according to claim 2, characterized in that, A protruding portion is press-fitted on the right side of the outer surface of the inner surface of the piston, and a piston cylinder is formed between the piston and the inner wall of the housing, and the piston is driven to move towards the side far from the axle housing by injecting hydraulic oil into the piston cylinder.

4. The semi-floating full-disc brake according to claim 1, wherein The cross-sectional shape of the transfer ring is T-shaped or approximately T-shaped.

5. The semi-floating full-disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bleed valve is also press-fitted above the housing, and the bleed valve is communicated with the piston cylinder.

6. The semi-floating full-disc brake according to claim 1, wherein, An excretion and observation port is designed at the bottommost circumference of the housing.

7. The semi-floating full disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, A circlip is arranged on the transfer shaft, and the circlip is located on the right side of the bearing to realize axial limit of the bearing.

8. The semi-floating full-disc brake according to claim 1, wherein, A guide pin and a plurality of return springs are also press-fitted between the first friction plate and the second friction plate.

9. The semi-floating full-disc brake according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The following are also press-fitted outside the housing: A displacement sensor, used to detect the piston displacement, directly determine whether the piston and the friction plate return, and indirectly determine whether the wear reaches the limit; An oil pressure sensor, used to monitor the system oil pressure to ensure that the driving braking force meets the braking requirements or the parking brake will not suddenly fail during normal operation of the equipment; A temperature sensor, used to monitor the temperature of the first friction plate and / or the second friction plate; A data acquisition and transmission box, signal-connected to the above displacement sensor, oil pressure sensor, and temperature sensor, used to collect the data of the sensors, and after processing, transmit it to the main control equipment of the equipment and save it locally.

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