A transformer quality detection method
By vertically attaching multiple fiber optic sensors to the outside of the transformer winding, and combining the fiber deformation and maximum outward expansion value judgment layer, the problems of low accuracy and misjudgment in transformer winding detection are solved, and more accurate winding deformation assessment is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ELECTRIC POWER SCI RES INST OF STATE GRID XINJIANG ELECTRIC POWER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2022-12-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, transformer winding detection methods cannot accurately locate deformations, are easily affected by external interference, have low detection accuracy, and are prone to misjudgment.
Multiple fiber optic sensors are vertically attached to the outside of the transformer winding. By comparing the fiber optic strain measurement values with the status information, a layer for judging fiber optic deformation and maximum outward expansion value is constructed. The winding deformation range is comprehensively evaluated, and the winding anomaly is judged by combining the fiber optic change rate.
It improves the accuracy and reliability of transformer winding detection, enabling early detection of winding abnormalities and reducing misjudgments.
Smart Images
Figure CN115752282B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of transformer performance testing methods, and specifically to a transformer quality testing method. Background Technology
[0002] Power transformers are key equipment in power systems, and their reliable operation plays a vital role in the safety and stability of the power system. Transformer windings are among the most frequently faulty components of a transformer; based on disassembly and inspection of faulty transformers, winding deformation accounts for the majority of transformer failures.
[0003] Currently, for the detection of various parameters of transformer windings, such as deformation and temperature, since transformer windings are immersed in oil for a long time and cannot be directly observed and measured from the outside, indirect methods are generally used for detection. Common transformer winding detection methods include low-voltage pulse method, short-circuit impedance method, and frequency response method. However, these methods all use electrical quantities for detection, which cannot accurately locate the problem, are easily affected by external interference, have low detection accuracy, and are prone to misjudgment. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the background art described above, the present invention provides a method for transformer quality testing.
[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:
[0006] A method for quality inspection of a transformer, the method comprising:
[0007] The transformer's basic information and fiber optic strain measurement values are obtained. The fiber optic strain measurement values are obtained from the fiber optic sensing test system arranged on the winding inside the transformer. The fiber optic includes multiple fibers, which are vertically attached to the outside of each winding inside the transformer, and each winding has at least two fibers attached. Temperature compensation fibers are set at the upper and lower ends of the winding.
[0008] Based on the basic information of the transformer, the first state information is obtained;
[0009] The fiber strain measurement value is compared with the first state information to generate the first detection result;
[0010] Based on the first test result, determine the deformation range;
[0011] Based on the deformation range to which the detection result belongs, the first display information is triggered.
[0012] When the optical fibers on the transformer are initially installed, four optical fibers are attached to each winding, and the line connecting the horizontal cross-sections of the four optical fibers forms a rhombus.
[0013] Furthermore, the comparison information for comparing the fiber strain measurement value with the first state information includes the fiber deformation and the maximum outward expansion value.
[0014] The fiber deformation refers to the amount of deformation that occurs in the fiber strain relative to the initial fiber during the detection process.
[0015] The maximum outward expansion value refers to the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber calculated based on the fiber deformation of the four optical fibers.
[0016] Furthermore, obtaining the first state information includes finding the safe fiber deformation amount and / or safe maximum outward expansion value of the standard transformer winding fiber in the processor based on the current transformer basic information.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a judgment module is provided to determine the deformation range based on the first detection result, the judgment module comprising:
[0018] A fiber deformation judgment layer is constructed, and three intervals are divided according to the first index threshold: the first light deformation interval, the first medium deformation interval, and the first heavy deformation interval. The cumulative deformation of multiple fibers on the outside of a single winding is calculated based on the fiber deformation in the first detection result, and the first interval to which the deformation belongs is confirmed.
[0019] A maximum outward expansion deformation judgment layer is constructed. The maximum area of the quadrilateral formed by the horizontal cross-sections of the four optical fibers is calculated based on the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber. The two intervals are divided according to the second index threshold, namely the second light deformation interval, the second medium deformation interval, and the second severe deformation interval. The second interval to which the deformation belongs is confirmed based on the obtained maximum area of the quadrilateral formed by the horizontal cross-sections of the four optical fibers calculated based on the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber.
[0020] Construct a result evaluation layer to determine whether the first interval and the second interval belong to the same type of light deformation interval, medium deformation interval, or heavy deformation interval. If yes, output the type information; otherwise, output the type information of the second interval.
[0021] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the construction of the optical fiber deformation determination layer further includes obtaining the change rate of multiple optical fibers on the outer side of a single winding, specifically including:
[0022] Extract the position information of the four optical fibers on the outer side of a single winding;
[0023] Based on the position information of the four optical fibers on the outer side of a single winding, construct the first characteristic change curves corresponding to the four optical fibers;
[0024] Based on the first characteristic change curves corresponding to the four optical fibers, calculate the cumulative fiber change of each optical fiber.
[0025] Based on the cumulative fiber change of each fiber, calculate the ratio of the maximum to the minimum fiber change among the four fibers.
[0026] Whether a special warning message is triggered is determined based on whether the ratio of the maximum to the minimum change in the four optical fibers exceeds the third indicator threshold.
[0027] In this method, the fiber optic sensing test system includes a pulsed laser generation module, a measurement fiber, a temperature compensation fiber, a demodulation module, and a data processing module.
[0028] This invention also provides a transformer quality inspection system, specifically comprising:
[0029] The first obtaining unit obtains basic information about the transformer and fiber optic strain measurement values. The fiber optic strain measurement values come from a fiber optic sensing test system arranged on the winding inside the transformer. The fiber optic includes multiple fibers, which are vertically attached to the outside of each winding inside the transformer, and at least two fibers are attached to each winding. Temperature compensation fibers are provided at the upper and lower ends of the winding.
[0030] The second obtaining unit obtains the first state information based on the basic information of the transformer;
[0031] A generation unit compares the fiber strain measurement value with the first state information to generate a first detection result;
[0032] The judgment unit determines the deformation range based on the first detection result;
[0033] The triggering unit triggers the first display information based on the deformation range to which the detection result belongs.
[0034] This invention also provides an electronic device, comprising:
[0035] One or more processors; and
[0036] A memory associated with the one or more processors, the memory being used to store program instructions that, when read and executed by the one or more processors, perform the methods described above.
[0037] The present invention also provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.
[0038] Through the above design, the transformer quality inspection method of this invention vertically attaches optical fibers to the outside of each winding inside the transformer. By detecting the deformation of the optical fibers, the deformation of the winding can be determined. Furthermore, the judgment module comprehensively evaluates the results by constructing an optical fiber deformation judgment layer and a maximum outward expansion deformation judgment layer, further improving the detection accuracy. The maximum outward expansion deformation value, which provides a more comprehensive judgment result, is selected to confirm the deformation range, and the optical fiber change rate judgment is added to the optical fiber deformation judgment layer to assist the inspection personnel in judging the abnormal condition of the winding. This makes the inspection results more accurate and reliable. Attached Figure Description
[0039] In the attached diagram:
[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the transformer quality inspection method of the present invention;
[0041] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the decision-making process;
[0042] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the process of obtaining the rate of change of multiple optical fibers on the outer side of a single winding; Detailed Implementation
[0043] Distributed fiber optic sensing systems, with their high measurement and positioning accuracy and ability to sense information such as winding temperature, strain, and vibration, have become a new research hotspot in the power industry. While existing technologies include methods for applying them to winding detection, these methods do not effectively utilize the fiber optic cable. For example, some technologies involve winding the fiber around the outside of the winding for detection, but fiber optics are highly susceptible to bending, and such methods can easily damage the fiber.
[0044] This invention provides a novel method for transformer quality testing, the method comprising:
[0045] S100: Obtain basic information about the transformer and fiber optic strain measurement values. The fiber optic strain measurement values are obtained from a fiber optic sensing test system arranged on the windings inside the transformer. The fiber optics include multiple fibers, which are vertically attached to the outside of each winding inside the transformer, and at least two fibers are attached to each winding. Temperature compensation fibers are set at the upper and lower ends of the windings.
[0046] Specifically, the fiber optic sensing test system includes a pulsed laser generation module, a measurement fiber, a temperature compensation fiber, a demodulation module, and a data processing module. The pulsed laser generation module generates a pulsed laser signal with a specified pulse width. The pulsed laser signal enters the measurement fiber and the temperature compensation fiber, and then returns as a scattered light signal. The demodulation module converts the scattered light signal into an electrical signal, which the data processing module processes to calculate the corresponding fiber strain.
[0047] Transformer windings are typically circular or other regular symmetrical shapes. At least two optical fibers can be bonded to each winding using epoxy resin to fully capture information about the transformer winding's deformation. If two optical fibers are used, they can be symmetrically arranged at the farthest points of the winding; if multiple optical fibers are used, they can be arranged centrally symmetrically.
[0048] In one implementation method, during the initial installation of the optical fibers on the transformer in this embodiment, four optical fibers are attached to each winding. The four optical fibers are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner, and the line connecting them in the horizontal cross-section forms a rhombus. In this way, regardless of whether the winding is circular or other regular shapes, the four optical fibers can cover the possible deformation area of the winding to the greatest extent, thereby ensuring detection accuracy.
[0049] S200: Obtain the first state information based on the basic information of the transformer.
[0050] S300: Compare the fiber strain measurement value with the first state information to generate the first detection result.
[0051] Specifically, the comparison information for comparing the fiber strain measurement value with the first state information includes the fiber deformation and the maximum outward expansion value. Wherein:
[0052] The fiber deformation refers to the amount of deformation that occurs in the fiber strain relative to the initial fiber during the detection process.
[0053] The maximum outward expansion value refers to the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber calculated based on the fiber deformation of the four optical fibers.
[0054] The process of obtaining the first state information includes finding the safe fiber deformation amount and the safe maximum outward expansion value of the standard transformer winding fiber in the processor based on the current basic transformer information.
[0055] The basic information of the standard transformer was obtained through preliminary experiments. After four optical fibers were initially installed on the windings, the deformation of multiple initial optical fibers in multiple transformers was measured. Based on transformer performance testing, the safe optical fiber deformation amount of the outer optical fiber of the winding was obtained without affecting the transformer performance. This safe optical fiber deformation amount refers to the deformation amount of a single optical fiber.
[0056] Then, using this safe fiber deformation amount, assuming that the fiber deformation is only caused by the arching at a single coordinate point, the arching height at that coordinate point is deduced and recorded as the safe maximum outward expansion value that each fiber can achieve in the horizontal direction.
[0057] Obtaining basic transformer information refers to obtaining information such as transformer model, winding type, and quantity, thereby obtaining the safe fiber optic deformation amount and safe maximum outward expansion value of the windings in the transformer.
[0058] Then, the fiber deformation and maximum outward expansion value are calculated by obtaining the fiber strain measurement value, and this information is compared with the safe fiber deformation and safe maximum outward expansion value of the standard transformer winding fiber to generate the first detection result.
[0059] S400: Determine the deformation range based on the first detection result;
[0060] Because transformers are used in various environments year-round, the operating conditions can be harsh or mild, and even a slight deformation of the windings doesn't necessarily affect their performance. Therefore, during initial standard transformer testing, tests can be conducted under different application environments. Based on the severity of the impact on transformer performance (mild, moderate, and severe), the deformation and maximum outward expansion of the transformer windings under each condition are recorded. This allows for later testing of other transformers, using the initial test results to determine the corresponding deformation range.
[0061] S410: A judgment module is set to determine the deformation range based on the first detection result. The judgment module includes:
[0062] S411: Construct an optical fiber deformation judgment layer, divide it into three intervals according to the first index threshold, namely the first light deformation interval, the first medium deformation interval and the first heavy deformation interval, calculate the cumulative deformation of multiple optical fibers on the outside of a single winding based on the optical fiber deformation in the obtained first detection result, and confirm the first interval to which the deformation belongs.
[0063] The first threshold value is the critical value of fiber deformation when the transformer performance transitions between mild, moderate, and severe influences, obtained from previous standard transformer experiments. When using this method for detection, the deformation of multiple fibers outside a single winding is obtained. The deformation of the four fibers outside a single winding is accumulated, and the accumulated value is used to determine which of the three deformation ranges (first mild deformation range, first moderate deformation range, and first severe deformation range) the current deformation falls into, and this value is then designated as the first range.
[0064] S412: Construct a maximum outward expansion deformation judgment layer. Calculate the maximum area of the quadrilateral formed by the horizontal cross-sections of the four optical fibers based on the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber. Divide the area into three intervals based on the second index threshold: the second light deformation interval, the second medium deformation interval, and the second severe deformation interval. Confirm the second interval to which the deformation belongs based on the obtained maximum area of the quadrilateral formed by the horizontal cross-sections of the four optical fibers calculated based on the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber.
[0065] The second threshold is the maximum area of the quadrilateral formed by the maximum outward expansion value corresponding to the critical value of fiber deformation at each transition point in the first threshold during the previous standard transformer experiment. Depending on the three transition points, three maximum quadrilateral area values will be formed, and three deformation intervals are divided based on this threshold. The second interval is selected from the second light deformation interval, the second medium deformation interval, and the second severe deformation interval.
[0066] Compared to judging the winding deformation range based on the amount of fiber deformation, which may result in excessively large or negative values due to damage at a specific location in the winding, the area calculation method, with the four fibers centrally symmetrically distributed around the winding, provides a more comprehensive reflection of the winding's changes. Furthermore, the calculation of the maximum outward expansion value assumes that fiber deformation occurs only through an arch at a single coordinate point, resulting in a maximum area limit. In reality, fiber deformation may occur through arches at multiple coordinate points, thus the actual result may be slightly smaller. The judgment method in this application is more rigorous, facilitating early prevention and addressing deformation issues before they become severe.
[0067] S413: Construct a result evaluation layer to determine whether the first interval and the second interval belong to the same type of light deformation interval, medium deformation interval, or heavy deformation interval. If yes, output the type information; otherwise, output the type information of the second interval.
[0068] Since the results obtained by constructing the maximum outward expansion deformation judgment layer are more comprehensive, if the first interval and the second interval belong to the same deformation interval, the result judgment is very accurate. If the two are inconsistent, the second interval with more comprehensive judgment is selected as the standard.
[0069] As mentioned earlier, when constructing the fiber deformation judgment layer, there may be instances where damage occurs at a certain location in the winding, resulting in excessively large or negative values. This problem might not be detected during the second interval selection, but it requires extra attention from the inspection personnel. Therefore, this method also includes the following steps:
[0070] S411-1, the construction of the optical fiber deformation determination layer further includes obtaining the change rate of multiple optical fibers on the outer side of a single winding, specifically including:
[0071] S411-11: Extract the position information of the four optical fibers on the outer side of a single winding;
[0072] S411-12: Based on the position information of the four optical fibers on the outside of a single winding, construct the first characteristic change curves corresponding to the four optical fibers;
[0073] S411-13: Calculate the cumulative fiber change of each fiber based on the first characteristic change curves corresponding to the four optical fibers.
[0074] S411-14: Based on the cumulative fiber change of each fiber, calculate the ratio of the maximum to the minimum fiber change among the four fibers.
[0075] S411-15: Determine whether to trigger a special warning message based on whether the ratio of the maximum to the minimum change value of the four optical fibers exceeds the third indicator threshold.
[0076] The third threshold is also based on the proportion of transformer performance that remains unaffected, obtained from previous standard transformer experiments. This value should not exceed 1.5, and the specific value depends on the transformer structure. If the ratio of the maximum to minimum change in the four optical fibers exceeds the third threshold, it indicates that the transformer may have been damaged, and testing personnel should be notified to check it immediately.
[0077] S500: Trigger the first display information based on the deformation range of the detection result.
[0078] Based on the display results of the first or second interval, the first display information is triggered. The first display information includes minor deformation, medium deformation, and severe deformation.
[0079] This invention also provides a transformer quality inspection system, specifically comprising:
[0080] The first obtaining unit obtains basic information about the transformer and fiber optic strain measurement values. The fiber optic strain measurement values come from a fiber optic sensing test system arranged on the winding inside the transformer. The fiber optic includes multiple fibers, which are vertically attached to the outside of each winding inside the transformer, and at least two fibers are attached to each winding. Temperature compensation fibers are provided at the upper and lower ends of the winding.
[0081] The second obtaining unit obtains the first state information based on the basic information of the transformer;
[0082] A generation unit compares the fiber strain measurement value with the first state information to generate a first detection result;
[0083] The judgment unit determines the deformation range based on the first detection result;
[0084] The triggering unit triggers the first display information based on the deformation range to which the detection result belongs.
[0085] This invention also provides an electronic device, comprising:
[0086] One or more processors; and
[0087] A memory associated with the one or more processors, the memory being used to store program instructions that, when read and executed by the one or more processors, perform the methods described above.
[0088] The processor can be a CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits used to control the execution of the program in this application.
[0089] Memory can be ROM or other types of static storage devices capable of storing static information and instructions, RAM or other types of dynamic storage devices capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited to these. Memory can exist independently and be connected to the processor via a bus architecture. Memory can also be integrated with the processor.
[0090] The memory stores computer execution instructions for implementing the solution of this application, and the execution is controlled by the processor. The processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory, thereby implementing the transformer quality detection method provided in the above embodiments of this application.
[0091] Optionally, the computer execution instructions in this application may also be referred to as application code, and this application does not specifically limit them.
[0092] The present invention also provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.
Claims
1. A method for inspecting the quality of a transformer, characterized in that, The detection method includes: The basic information of the transformer and the fiber strain measurement value are obtained. The fiber strain measurement value comes from the fiber optic sensing test system arranged on the winding inside the transformer. When the fiber optic is initially installed on the transformer, four fibers are attached to each winding, vertically attached to the outside of each winding inside the transformer. The horizontal cross-section of the four fibers forms a rhombus. Temperature compensation fibers are set at the upper and lower ends of the winding. Based on the basic information of the transformer, the first state information is obtained; The process of obtaining the first state information includes finding the safe fiber deformation amount and the safe maximum outward expansion value of the standard transformer winding fiber in the processor based on the current basic transformer information. The fiber strain measurement value is compared with the first state information to generate the first detection result; The comparison information for comparing the fiber strain measurement value with the first state information includes the fiber deformation and the maximum outward expansion value. The fiber deformation refers to the amount of deformation that occurs in the fiber strain relative to the initial fiber during the detection process. The maximum outward expansion value refers to the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber calculated based on the fiber deformation of the four optical fibers. The judgment module is configured to determine the deformation range based on the first detection result. The judgment module includes: A fiber deformation judgment layer is constructed, and three intervals are divided according to the first index threshold: the first light deformation interval, the first medium deformation interval, and the first heavy deformation interval. The cumulative deformation of multiple fibers on the outside of a single winding is calculated based on the fiber deformation in the first detection result, and the first interval to which the deformation belongs is confirmed. A maximum outward expansion deformation judgment layer is constructed. The maximum area of the quadrilateral formed by the horizontal cross-sections of the four optical fibers is calculated based on the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber. The two intervals are divided according to the second index threshold, namely the second light deformation interval, the second medium deformation interval, and the second severe deformation interval. The second interval to which the deformation belongs is confirmed based on the obtained maximum area of the quadrilateral formed by the horizontal cross-sections of the four optical fibers calculated based on the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber. Construct a result evaluation layer to determine whether the first interval and the second interval belong to the same type of light deformation interval, medium deformation interval or heavy deformation interval. If so, output the type information; otherwise, output the type information of the second interval. Based on the deformation range to which the detection result belongs, the first display information is triggered.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the fiber deformation determination layer also includes obtaining the change rate of multiple fibers on the outer side of a single winding, specifically including: Extract the position information of the four optical fibers on the outer side of a single winding; Based on the position information of the four optical fibers on the outer side of a single winding, construct the first characteristic change curves corresponding to the four optical fibers; Based on the first characteristic change curves corresponding to the four optical fibers, calculate the cumulative fiber change of each optical fiber. Based on the cumulative fiber change of each fiber, calculate the ratio of the maximum to the minimum fiber change among the four fibers. Whether a special warning message is triggered is determined based on whether the ratio of the maximum to the minimum change in the four optical fibers exceeds the third indicator threshold.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic sensing test system includes a pulsed laser generation module, a measurement fiber, a temperature compensation fiber, a demodulation module, and a data processing module.
4. A transformer quality inspection system, characterized in that, include: The first obtaining unit obtains basic information about the transformer and fiber strain measurement values. The fiber strain measurement values come from the fiber optic sensing test system arranged on the winding inside the transformer. When the fiber optics are initially installed on the transformer, four fibers are attached to each winding, vertically attached to the outside of each winding inside the transformer. The horizontal cross-section of the four fibers forms a rhombus. Temperature compensation fibers are set at the upper and lower ends of the winding. The second obtaining unit obtains the first state information based on the basic information of the transformer; The process of obtaining the first state information includes finding the safe fiber deformation amount and the safe maximum outward expansion value of the standard transformer winding fiber in the processor based on the current basic transformer information. A generation unit compares the fiber strain measurement value with the first state information to generate a first detection result; The comparison information for comparing the fiber strain measurement value with the first state information includes the fiber deformation and the maximum outward expansion value. The fiber deformation refers to the amount of deformation that occurs in the fiber strain relative to the initial fiber during the detection process. The maximum outward expansion value refers to the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber calculated based on the fiber deformation of the four optical fibers. The judgment unit determines the deformation range based on the first detection result, specifically including: A fiber deformation judgment layer is constructed, and three intervals are divided according to the first index threshold: the first light deformation interval, the first medium deformation interval, and the first heavy deformation interval. The cumulative deformation of multiple fibers on the outside of a single winding is calculated based on the fiber deformation in the first detection result, and the first interval to which the deformation belongs is confirmed. A maximum outward expansion deformation judgment layer is constructed. The maximum area of the quadrilateral formed by the horizontal cross-sections of the four optical fibers is calculated based on the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber. The two intervals are divided according to the second index threshold, namely the second light deformation interval, the second medium deformation interval, and the second severe deformation interval. The second interval to which the deformation belongs is confirmed based on the obtained maximum area of the quadrilateral formed by the horizontal cross-sections of the four optical fibers calculated based on the maximum horizontal outward expansion value of each optical fiber. Construct a result evaluation layer to determine whether the first interval and the second interval belong to the same type of light deformation interval, medium deformation interval or heavy deformation interval. If so, output the type information; otherwise, output the type information of the second interval. The triggering unit triggers the first display information based on the deformation range to which the detection result belongs.
5. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; as well as A memory associated with the one or more processors, the memory being used to store program instructions that, when read and executed by the one or more processors, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.
6. A computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.