A landscape bridge skin parameterization generation method based on computer design plug-in

Abstract

The application discloses a landscape bridge skin parameterization generation method based on computer design plug-ins, relates to the technical field of landscape bridge design, and popularizes the concept of skin from the field of civil buildings to bridge buildings according to the demand of landscape bridge design; the skin design idea and core algorithm suitable for the landscape bridge in different design spaces are obtained from three dimensions of observer vision, design space and design demand; the functions needed in the landscape bridge skin parameterization design are written into an operator by using a Visual Studio platform and a C# language; the skin parameterization auxiliary operator in the scheme stage is written according to the scheme, the plane skin parameterization generation logic is combined, the skin parameterization generation core logic is adjusted and optimized, and the space curved surface skin parameterization generation is carried out; the parameterization generation method can quickly realize the parameterization simulation generation of the bridge skin and has good operability and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of landscape bridge design technology, and in particular to a method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on a computer design plugin. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the national economy and cultural needs, people's aesthetic awareness and standards are also constantly improving. As an indispensable part of modern transportation, bridges are receiving increasing attention for their aesthetic requirements. With the rapid development of my country's economy and the vigorous construction of a beautiful China, the aesthetic needs of the people are constantly growing, and the aesthetic requirements for landscape bridges are also constantly improving. Bridge construction at home and abroad is affected by both internal and external factors. On the one hand, the development of disciplines such as materials science, geometry, graphics, computer science, and architecture is constantly promoting the progress of bridge design schemes, design concepts, and construction techniques. On the other hand, human factors such as construction funds and the approval of the design scheme also have a significant impact on the construction of a bridge.

[0003] Modern bridges no longer simply fulfill the need for "travel." Designers need to consider factors such as the uniqueness of the bridge's shape, its adaptability to the environment, and its compatibility with local culture. Bridges should no longer be limited to mere transportation facilities but should become an extension of the urban landscape and a landmark building. Urban landscape bridges that are not only aesthetically pleasing but also functional, visually appealing, landmark, and easy to build should be a top priority for contemporary outstanding designers to continuously consider and improve. Landscape bridge designers constantly draw inspiration from architectural facade design theories, incorporate elements of fine arts and art, emphasize the aesthetic experience of the public, and showcase the city's cultural taste, gradually transforming from simple bridges into integrated complexes of transportation, art, culture, and technology.

[0004] In the design phase of landscape bridges, existing modeling techniques cannot adapt to the trend of surface-based design. Parametric design can transform the control elements in surface-based landscape bridges into parameters, and generate model components through certain logical rules. This can obtain algorithmic control parametric models for multiple landscape bridge schemes more accurately and quickly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above technical problems, this invention provides a method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on a computer design plugin, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Based on the concept of architectural landscape skin, the landscape bridge skin is defined as: the interface between the bridge as a whole and the outside world, as well as the image and composition of the bridge.

[0007] S2. From the three dimensions of observer vision, design space and design requirements, the surface design of architectural landscape and landscape bridge is compared and analyzed to derive the surface design ideas and core algorithms applicable to landscape bridge in six different surface design spaces.

[0008] S3. Parametric design of landscape bridge skin is carried out using 3D modeling software and its parametric plugins. The functions required for the parametric design of landscape bridge skin are written into the operator of the parametric plugin using the Visual Studio platform and C# language.

[0009] S4. Based on each arithmetic unit and combined with the planar skin parameterization generation logic, adjust and optimize the core logic of skin parameterization generation.

[0010] Using an ellipsoid of a specific size as the reference surface, we propose parametric generation methods for spatial surfaces of six types of skin: line-type skin, woven skin, perforated skin, inlaid and concave-convex skin, and pure surface skin. We also summarize the core generation logic of these six types of skin on spatial surfaces.

[0011] Parametric generation of the spatial curved surface skin of landscape bridges.

[0012] The technical solution further defined in this invention is:

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, the six different surface design spaces are: separation between the roadway and the pedestrian / bicycle lane, guardrail, bridge canopy, arch structure, cable-stayed bridge tower, suspension bridge tower, suspender, and beam.

[0014] In the aforementioned method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins, step S2 uses core algorithms applicable to six different skin design spaces for landscape bridges, namely regular distribution, gradient, irregular, fractal iteration, and grayscale image.

[0015] The aforementioned method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins includes regular distributions such as equidistant divisions and polygonal meshes; gradients including point attractors and line attractors; and irregularities including Venn diagrams.

[0016] In the aforementioned method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins, step S3 involves setting the 3D modeling software to Rhino, with Grasshopper as the parametric design platform. The processor includes a data processing processor, a spatial mesh generation and establishment processor, a variable cross-section spatial surface establishment processor, and other curve and surface auxiliary function processors.

[0017] The aforementioned method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins includes the following steps in step S4: The method for generating line-type skin includes...

[0018] S4-a1: By performing corresponding topological relationship operations on basic elements and basic surfaces with logical relationships, characteristic curves are obtained;

[0019] S4-a2. Based on the characteristic curve, set the cross-sectional profile along the axial direction, and use Grasshopper's "Sweep1" command to sweep along a single track to obtain a line-like skin.

[0020] The aforementioned method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins, in step S4, the method for generating woven skin includes the following steps.

[0021] S4-b1, Select the weaving pattern that you want to achieve on the target surface;

[0022] S4-b2, Analyze the construction method of lines in the woven pattern;

[0023] S4-b3. Determine whether Grasshopper can directly combine and generate weaving patterns. If it can, then directly combine spatial points according to certain rules into spatial curves to obtain the weaving pattern. If it cannot, then use code in Visual Studio to generate an arithmetic unit and use this arithmetic unit to perform the combination.

[0024] S4-b5, Obtain the woven skin.

[0025] The aforementioned method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins, in step S4, the method for generating perforated skin includes the following steps.

[0026] S4-c1. Determine whether there are concave or convex surfaces or twists on the original curved surface. If yes, proceed to the next step; otherwise, proceed to step S4-c6.

[0027] S4-c2: Flatten the original surface onto the plane according to the logic of "surface meshing - Squish";

[0028] S4-c3: Locate distribution points on the unfolded plane to generate the basic shape for drilling;

[0029] S4-c4, the surface after drilling is simulated and lofted on the unfolded surface, and the complete unfolded plane is obtained by combining the "perforation thickness";

[0030] S4-c5: Use the flow tool to unfold the characteristic parameters of the unfolded plane back to the original surface, and then execute step S4-c10;

[0031] S4-c6, Find the distribution points on the original curved surface;

[0032] S4-c7. Form the basic perforation pattern on the tangent plane of the distribution points;

[0033] S4-c8. Obtain the projection of the basic shape onto the original surface and the inner surface based on the normal vector of the distribution points;

[0034] S4-c9, Combine the "perforation thickness" formed by the multi-surface after drilling and the projection line layout;

[0035] S4-c10, resulting in a perforated epidermis.

[0036] The parametric generation method for landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins described above, in step S4, the generation method for mosaic and concave-convex skin includes the following steps.

[0037] S4-d1: Mesh the curved surface to obtain a specific polygonal mesh;

[0038] S4-d2: Determine if the curvature of the surface is greater than or equal to 3.0. If yes, proceed to step S4-d5; otherwise, proceed to the next step.

[0039] S4-d3, Use the "Face Normals" operator to obtain the normal vector of each mesh cell face;

[0040] S4-d4: After adjusting the direction using the algorithm, move the selected point or line within the grid.

[0041] S4-d5: Combining point or line grid elements with grid unit outlines yields mosaic and raised / lower textured surfaces.

[0042] The aforementioned method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins includes the following steps in step S4: The method for generating pure curved surface skins includes...

[0043] S4-e1. Set a feature axis as the centerline of the surface and connect each control section;

[0044] S4-e2, Set the position and profile of the control section;

[0045] S4-e3, Input "Arch Generate" into the calculator;

[0046] S4-e4, resulting in a pure curved surface skin that varies along the axial direction.

[0047] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0048] (1) In this invention, the design ideas of landscape bridges are enriched, the concept of skin is transferred from the field of architecture to the field of bridges, and the skin design in architectural landscapes and landscape bridges is compared and analyzed from three dimensions: observer vision, design space, and design requirements. The applicability of skin forms of different bridge types and different components is explored, and the skin design ideas applicable to landscape bridges in six different design spaces are derived.

[0049] (2) In this invention, the functional requirements and aesthetic requirements of landscape bridges are considered comprehensively. As an industrial building, the main function of landscape bridges is to facilitate traffic. Therefore, when the skin is used in the separation of the roadway and the slow lane or at the guardrail, it mainly plays the role of traffic diversion and protection of slow traffic. It should have the functions of anti-collision and anti-visual interference. When the street light design is integrated into the skin structure, the lighting function should also be considered. When the skin is used in the design of the roof, the light environment, wind environment and water environment of the overall structure should be considered. Therefore, it should have the functions of lighting, wind protection and rain protection. The stress of the roof in the wind environment also needs to be verified. When the skin is used in the arch structure, cable-stayed bridge tower, suspension bridge tower and hanger, it does not involve or rarely involves functional requirements. It is more about structural and aesthetic requirements.

[0050] (3) In this invention, the design efficiency of the landscape bridge design stage is accelerated. Rhino software and its parametric plugin Grasshopper are selected as the platform. The parametric design calculator plugin for the landscape bridge skin is written using the Visual Studio platform and C# language. Based on the visual parametric software, the design speed of the landscape bridge scheme can be greatly accelerated, the expression effect of the landscape bridge scheme can be improved, and good economic benefits can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the parametric construction process of landscape bridges based on Grasshopper in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of line-based skin logic using Grasshopper in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the weaving-type skin logic based on Grasshopper in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of perforated skin logic based on Grasshopper in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of tessellation and raised / concave skin logic based on Grasshopper in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of pure surface skin logic based on Grasshopper in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 This is a simulation rendering of the surface skin of a landscape bridge in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on a computer-aided design plugin, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps

[0060] S1. Based on the concept of architectural landscape skin, the landscape bridge skin is defined as: the interface between the bridge as a whole and the outside world, as well as the image and composition of the bridge.

[0061] Extending the concept of building skin from its more common application in civil buildings to bridges in the industrial building sector, building skin refers to the interface between a building and its external space, as well as its appearance and composition, or the general term for the construction and combination of the interface between the building's interior and exterior spaces; thus, the skin of a landscape bridge is defined as: the interface between the bridge as a whole and the outside world, as well as its appearance and composition.

[0062] S2. From the three dimensions of observer vision, design space and design requirements, the surface design of architectural landscape and landscape bridge is compared and analyzed to obtain the surface design ideas and core algorithms applicable to six different surface design spaces of landscape bridges: separation of roadway and slow lane, guardrail, bridge roof, arch structure, cable-stayed bridge tower, suspension bridge tower, hanger, beam.

[0063] The surface appearance of architectural landscapes and landscape bridges differs in the following ways: From the observer's perspective, the surface design of landscape bridges must consider the visual effects of three types of observers: drivers, pedestrians, and tourists; from a spatial design perspective, as an industrial building, the ratio of the length to the height of a bridge is influenced by its type and scale, resulting in a unique "slender" design space; from a design requirement perspective, landscape bridges must meet basic traffic functions, ensure structural strength, and also ensure the integration of the bridge landscape with the surrounding natural or social environment.

[0064] In step S2, the design concept is the main control factor and the core algorithm is the secondary control factor, forming a two-dimensional distribution of parametric building skin form classification as shown in Table 1. Based on the suitable skin forms for six types of landscape bridge skin design spaces, the suitable bridge skin forms for each case are summarized as shown in Tables 2 to 7.

[0065] Table 1 Classification of Building Skin Forms

[0066]

[0067] Table 2 Suitable Skin Types for Lane Separation

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Table 3 Suitable Skin Types for Bridge Canopies

[0071]

[0072] Table 4. Suitable Skin Forms for Arch Structures

[0073]

[0074] Note: ○ indicates that some special subdivision algorithms may be suitable for arch structures, such as single-layer triangular mesh algorithms, etc.

[0075] Table 5 Suitable Skin Types for Cable-Stayed Bridge Towers

[0076]

[0077] Table 6 Suitable Skin Types for Suspension Bridge Towers and Hangers

[0078]

[0079] Table 7 Suitable Skin Types for Beam Structures

[0080] Design Concept Core Algorithm pure curved surface Gradual change (continuous change of curvature in a specific direction)

[0081] S3. Parametric design of landscape bridge skin is carried out using 3D modeling software and its parametric plugins. The functions required for the parametric design of landscape bridge skin are written into the operator of the parametric plugin using the Visual Studio platform and C# language.

[0082] To meet the needs of landscape bridge skin design, the functions required for parametric design of landscape bridge skin were programmed into a calculator using the Visual Studio platform and C# language. The 3D modeling software was set to Rhino, and the parametric design platform it supports is Grasshopper. The calculator includes a data processing calculator, a spatial mesh generation and establishment calculator, a variable cross-section spatial surface establishment calculator, and other curve and surface auxiliary function calculators.

[0083] The flowchart for parametric construction of landscape bridges using Grasshopper is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps are as follows: First, analyze the structural and shape characteristics of the structure to clarify the spatial topological relationship of the design purpose. Second, determine appropriate parameters as anchor points for anchoring the overall structure. Based on the characteristics of the project, select appropriate representation methods and logical structures for these parameters, construct a parametric design algorithm, and then continuously fine-tune the parameters and debug the algorithm. If the parametric results do not meet the requirements, return to optimize and adjust the algorithm data until the requirements are met.

[0084] S4. Based on each arithmetic unit and combined with the planar skin parameterization generation logic, adjust and optimize the core logic of skin parameterization generation.

[0085] Using an ellipsoid of a specific size as the reference surface, we propose parametric generation methods for spatial surfaces of six types of skin: line-type skin, woven skin, perforated skin, inlaid and concave-convex skin, and pure surface skin. We also summarize the core generation logic of these six types of skin on spatial surfaces.

[0086] Parametric generation of the spatial curved surface skin of landscape bridges, with specific effects as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0087] like Figure 3 As shown, the generation logic of line-type skin is as follows: The core of line-type skin lies in obtaining the feature curves of the surface or interior of the skin design space. Directly obtaining the feature curves through mathematical logic calculation is cumbersome. Instead, it is possible to perform corresponding topological relationship operations with some logically related elements and the reference surface, such as the intersection of a regular plane and a curved surface, the projection of a regular curve onto a curved surface, etc. Based on the obtained feature curves, the cross-sectional profile is set along the axial direction, and the line-type skin can be obtained by sweeping with the "Sweep1" single rail.

[0088] like Figure 4As shown, the generation logic of the woven skin is as follows: First, select the woven pattern to be implemented on the target surface, analyze the construction method of the lines in these woven patterns, and those that can be combined by the Grasshopper operator can be directly combined from spatial points according to certain rules to form spatial curves, thereby obtaining the woven pattern. For woven patterns that cannot be directly combined, the operator can be generated by programming in Visual Studio.

[0089] like Figure 5 As shown, the generation logic of perforated skin is as follows: First, find distribution points on the original surface; second, form the basic perforation pattern on the tangent plane of the distribution points; then, obtain the projection of the basic pattern on the original surface and the inner surface based on the normal vector of the distribution points; finally, obtain the skin by combining the "perforation thickness" formed by the multi-surface after perforation and the projection line lofting. In addition, if the surface is not regular, or there are concave or convex surfaces or twists on the surface, the surface should be flattened onto the plane according to the logic of "surface meshing - Squish (flattening)". Then, locate the distribution points on the unfolded plane to generate the basic perforation pattern. The perforated surface is simulated and lofted on the unfolded surface. Combined with the "perforation thickness", a complete unfolded plane is obtained. Then, the characteristic parameters of the unfolded plane are unfolded back to the original surface using the flow tool.

[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, the generation logic of mosaic and convex / concave skin is as follows: First, the surface is divided into meshes to obtain specific polygon meshes. For surfaces with large curvature (ρ≥3.0), they can be used directly after fine-tuning. For surfaces with small curvature (ρ<3.0), the normal vector of each mesh unit face can be obtained by using the "Face Normals" operator. After adjusting the direction using the algorithm, the selected points or lines in the mesh are moved. The mesh elements of these points or lines are combined with the mesh unit outline to obtain mosaic and convex / concave skin.

[0091] like Figure 7 As shown, the generation logic of a pure curved surface skin is as follows: First, a feature axis needs to be set as the center line of the surface to connect each control section. Second, the position and profile of the control section need to be set appropriately. Finally, the "Arch Generate" operator is input appropriately to obtain a pure curved surface skin that varies along the axial direction.

[0092] A parametric generation method for landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins enriches the design ideas of landscape bridges, transfers the concept of skin from the field of architecture to the field of bridges, and compares and analyzes the skin design in architectural landscapes and landscape bridges from three dimensions: observer vision, design space, and design requirements. It explores the applicability of skin forms for different bridge types and components, and derives skin design ideas applicable to landscape bridges in six different design spaces.

[0093] Taking into account both the functional and aesthetic requirements of landscape bridges, as an industrial structure, the primary function of landscape bridges is traffic flow. Therefore, when the facade is used in the separation of vehicular and pedestrian lanes or at guardrails, it mainly serves to divert traffic and protect pedestrian traffic, and should have functions such as collision prevention and visual interference prevention. When streetlights are integrated into the facade structure, lighting functions should also be considered. When the facade is used in the design of roofs, the overall structure's light, wind, and water environments should be considered, so it should have functions such as lighting, wind protection, and rain protection. The stress on the roof in wind conditions also needs to be verified and checked. When the facade is used in arch structures, cable-stayed bridge towers, suspension bridge towers, and hangers, functional requirements are not involved or are minimal, and structural and aesthetic requirements are more important.

[0094] This approach accelerates the design efficiency of landscape bridge schemes. Rhino software and its parametric plugin Grasshopper are selected as the platform, and a parametric design calculator plugin for the landscape bridge skin is developed using the Visual Studio platform and C# language. Based on the visual parametric software, the design speed of landscape bridge schemes can be greatly accelerated, the expressive effect of landscape bridge schemes can be improved, and good economic benefits can be achieved.

[0095] In addition to the embodiments described above, the present invention may have other implementations. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins, characterized in that: Includes the following steps S1. Based on the concept of architectural landscape skin, the landscape bridge skin is defined as: the interface between the bridge as a whole and the outside world, as well as the image and composition of the bridge. S2. From the three dimensions of observer vision, design space and design requirements, the surface design of architectural landscape and landscape bridge is compared and analyzed to derive the surface design ideas and core algorithms applicable to landscape bridge in six different surface design spaces. S3. Parametric design of landscape bridge skin is carried out using 3D modeling software and its parametric plugins. The functions required for the parametric design of landscape bridge skin are written into the operator of the parametric plugin using the Visual Studio platform and C# language. S4. Based on each arithmetic unit and combined with the planar skin parameterization generation logic, adjust and optimize the core logic of skin parameterization generation. Using an ellipsoid of a specific size as the reference surface, we propose parametric generation methods for spatial surfaces of six types of skin: line-type skin, woven skin, perforated skin, inlaid skin, concave-convex skin, and pure surface skin. We also summarize the core generation logic of these six types of skin on spatial surfaces. Parametric generation of the spatial curved surface skin of landscape bridges.

2. The method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the six different surface design spaces are: separation between the roadway and the pedestrian / bicycle lane, guardrail, bridge canopy, arch structure, cable-stayed bridge tower, suspension bridge tower, suspender, and beam.

3. The method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the core algorithms applicable to landscape bridges in six different skin design spaces are regular distribution, gradient, irregular, fractal iteration, and grayscale map.

4. The method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins according to claim 3, characterized in that: The regular distribution includes equidistant division and polygonal grid; the gradient includes point attractors and line attractors; Irregularities include Vinore diagrams.

5. The method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the 3D modeling software is set to Rhino software, and the parametric design platform it supports is Grasshopper; the processor includes a data processing processor, a spatial mesh generation and establishment processor, a variable cross-section spatial surface establishment processor, and other curve and surface auxiliary function processors.

6. The method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the method for generating the line-like skin includes the following steps: S4-a1: By performing corresponding topological relationship operations on basic elements and basic surfaces with logical relationships, characteristic curves are obtained; S4-a2. Based on the characteristic curve, set the cross-sectional profile along the axial direction, and use Grasshopper's "Sweep1" command to sweep along a single track to obtain a line-like skin.

7. The method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the method for generating the woven skin includes the following steps: S4-b1, Select the weaving pattern that you want to achieve on the target surface; S4-b2, Analyze the construction method of lines in the woven pattern; S4-b3. Determine whether Grasshopper can directly combine and generate weaving patterns. If it can, then directly combine spatial points according to certain rules into spatial curves to obtain the weaving pattern. If it cannot, then use code in Visual Studio to generate an arithmetic unit and use this arithmetic unit to perform the combination. S4-b4, obtain a woven skin.

8. The method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the method for generating perforated epidermis includes the following steps: S4-c1. Determine whether there are concave or convex surfaces or twists on the original curved surface. If yes, proceed to the next step; otherwise, proceed to step S4-c6. S4-c2: Flatten the original surface onto the plane according to the logic of "surface meshing - Squish"; S4-c3: Locate distribution points on the unfolded plane to generate the basic shape for drilling; S4-c4, the surface after drilling is simulated and lofted on the unfolded surface, and the complete unfolded plane is obtained by combining the "perforation thickness"; S4-c5: Use the flow tool to unfold the characteristic parameters of the unfolded plane back to the original surface, and then execute step S4-c10; S4-c6, Find the distribution points on the original curved surface; S4-c7. Form the basic perforation pattern on the tangent plane of the distribution points; S4-c8. Obtain the projection of the basic shape onto the original surface and the inner surface based on the normal vector of the distribution points; S4-c9, Combine the "perforation thickness" formed by the multi-surface after drilling and the projection line layout; S4-c10, resulting in a perforated epidermis.

9. The method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the method for generating mosaic-type and uneven-type skins includes the following steps: S4-d1: Mesh the curved surface to obtain a specific polygonal mesh; S4-d2: Determine if the curvature of the surface is greater than or equal to 3.

0. If yes, proceed to step S4-d5; otherwise, proceed to the next step. S4-d3, Use the "Face Normals" operator to obtain the normal vector of each mesh cell face; S4-d4: After adjusting the direction using the algorithm, move the selected point or line within the grid. S4-d5: Combining point or line grid elements with grid unit outlines yields mosaic and raised / lower textured surfaces.

10. The method for parametric generation of landscape bridge skin based on computer design plugins according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the method for generating a pure curved surface skin includes the following steps: S4-e1. Set a feature axis as the centerline of the surface and connect each control section; S4-e2, Set the position and profile of the control section; S4-e3, Input "Arch Generate" into the calculator; S4-e4, resulting in a pure curved surface skin that varies along the axial direction.

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