Multi-mode full-focus imaging method, electronic device and readable storage medium

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of nondestructive testing, and specifically to a multi-mode fully focused imaging method, electronic device, and readable storage medium, comprising the following steps: S1, determining the optimal acoustic beam incident point based on the defect location of the test object; S2, using a test device to perform full-matrix data acquisition on the test object at the optimal acoustic beam incident point; S3, performing full-focus post-processing imaging on the acquired full-matrix data, and performing fusion processing to obtain an optimized multi-mode fully focused image. The present invention establishes a multi-mode image fusion method based on the effective coverage area of ​​the acoustic beam, optimizes the imaging effect on the existing basis, and realizes the morphological reconstruction and quantitative detection of tiny defects in welds; it can detect defects in special locations that cannot be detected by existing fully focused imaging methods, and at the same time has a good suppression effect on noise signals and artifacts, which can effectively reduce the missed detection rate of weld inspection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of nondestructive testing, and in particular to a multi-mode full-focus imaging method, an electronic device and a readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Fillet welds are a common type of weld in pressure-bearing equipment, with insert-type fillet welds being a major category, primarily used to connect the nozzle to the shell. Appendix D of GB150.3-2011, "Pressure Vessels," provides detailed specifications for the structural dimensions and applicable applications of various types of insert-type fillet welds. Compared to butt-joint welds, fillet welds in pressure-bearing equipment experience more severe stress concentration, making weld quality less assured. Manufacturing defects such as incomplete penetration, lack of fusion, slag inclusions, and porosity are more likely to occur within the weld. Furthermore, fillet welds can also harbor hazardous defects such as cracks of varying orientations. Therefore, regular inspections of weak areas in pressure-bearing equipment are crucial to prevent these defects from impacting safe operation. Compared to traditional ultrasonic technology, ultrasonic phased array technology utilizes multiple channels and multiple elements, providing a wider inspection coverage area. It also utilizes time-delay imaging for zoned imaging and enables precise positioning and measurement. It offers advantages such as high inspection efficiency, low missed detection rates, excellent flexibility, and a variety of imaging methods.

[0003] Most existing phased array inspection technologies rely on basic imaging methods such as sector scanning, which have limitations in defect detection in complex pipe weld areas. This is especially true when cracks are oriented perpendicular to the beam incident direction, making direct detection difficult. Beam modal aliasing can also affect inspection results. Studies have found that in pipe fillet welds, the received waveform signal contains both primary and secondary wave components, and beam modal aliasing occurs, affecting the quantification and location of defects. This results in poor imaging after inspection, making it impossible to reconstruct the morphology and quantitatively detect small weld defects. Therefore, this issue urgently needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-mode full-focus imaging method, which has good imaging effect after detection and can reconstruct the morphology and quantitatively detect tiny defects in welds; the present invention also provides an electronic device and a readable storage medium for executing a multi-mode full-focus imaging method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-mode all-focusing imaging method comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Determine the optimal sound beam incident point based on the defect location of the inspection object;

[0008] S2. Use the detection equipment to collect full matrix data of the detection object at the optimal sound beam incident point;

[0009] S3. Perform full-focus post-processing imaging on the obtained full-matrix data, and perform fusion processing to obtain an optimized multi-mode full-focus image.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S3, the fused multi-mode all-focus image F(x, y) can be expressed as:

[0011]

[0012] Among them, I i (x, y) is the full focus formula of the i-th view;

[0013] p i (x, y) is the weight of the i-th view at point (x, y).

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S1, depending on whether the sound wave is reflected by the bottom surface, there are three beam propagation modes: direct, half-span, and full-span. Taking the transverse wave as T and the longitudinal wave as L, considering the combination of T and L, 21 views can be obtained. Taking the effective detection area of ​​each view as Q, the weight of the mth view at the point (x, y) is:

[0015]

[0016] Overlay the effective detection area of ​​each view to obtain the effective coverage of the sound beam at the detection point:

[0017]

[0018] Where N is the number of valid views of the imaging point (x, y);

[0019] P i (x, y) is the weight of the i-th view at point (x, y).

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S3, for the m-th view, its full focusing formula is:

[0021]

[0022] Where, S is the number of probe elements;

[0023] I m (x,y) is the synthetic focus signal amplitude of the m-th view at the imaging point (x,y);

[0024] F ij(t(x,y)) represents the analytical signal of the sound wave emitted by the i-th array element and reflected by the point (x,y) and then received by the j-th array element;

[0025] a ij (x,y) is the weighted phase;

[0026] t ij-m (x,y) represents the shortest path for the sound beam to propagate.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S1, based on the geometric characteristics of the inspection object and the acoustic characteristics of the array probe and the wedge, the parameters of the array element excitation area, the sound beam incident angle, the diffusion angle and the front distance are combined with the multi-mode imaging path algorithm to obtain the optimal sound beam incident point position of the defect position.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S2, before full matrix data acquisition is performed on the detection object, the surface roughness of the detection object is first processed, and then the detection object is detected by the ultrasonic phased array detection platform.

[0029] An electronic device includes a processor, an input device, an output device, and a memory, wherein the processor, input device, output device, and memory are connected in sequence, the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute the multi-mode all-focusing imaging method.

[0030] A readable storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor executes the multi-mode all-focusing imaging method.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention optimizes the ultrasonic phased array detection process based on the structural characteristics of the weld, calculates the effective coverage area of ​​the multi-mode imaging sound beam, and achieves full coverage of the weld area by adjusting relevant detection parameters, providing a method for intelligently selecting detection points under the condition of full coverage of the target area; the present invention greatly reduces the computational complexity of the multi-mode imaging algorithm by formulating a multi-view selection strategy that takes into account the imaging angle range and defect location, establishes a multi-mode image fusion method based on the effective coverage area of ​​the sound beam, optimizes the imaging effect on the existing basis, and realizes the morphology reconstruction and quantitative detection of tiny defects in the weld; it can detect special position defects that cannot be detected by existing full-focus imaging methods, and at the same time has a good suppression effect on noise signals and artifacts, which can effectively reduce the missed detection rate of weld detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1aThis is a schematic diagram of the path of the first propagation mode of the oblique-incident acoustic beam of the multimode phased array in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 1b Schematic diagram of the path of the second propagation mode of the oblique incident sound beam of the multimode phased array in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 1c Schematic diagram of the path of the third propagation mode of the oblique incident sound beam of the multimode phased array in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is the effective detection area of ​​9 effective views in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It is the effective coverage range of the sound beam obtained by superimposing the effective areas of each view in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is the TT mode full-focus imaging in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is the TTTT mode full-focus imaging in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a multi-mode fusion image obtained by using the multi-mode all-focus image fusion technology in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Referring to Figures 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention shows a multi-mode full-focus imaging method. The detection object in the present invention is a butt weld of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 12 mm. There is a flat-bottomed hole at the weld position, located near the fusion zone of the weld, with a depth of 10 mm and an aperture of 1 mm.

[0043] The ultrasonic testing equipment used in the experiment includes: a 64-element ultrasonic probe (element center distance: 0.60mm; nominal center frequency: 5MHz), a shear wave wedge (sound velocity 2350m / s; incident angle 39.5°), a Micropulse FMC phased array controller, and a computer with a phased array testing platform operating environment.

[0044] The present invention comprises the steps of:

[0045] S1. Based on the geometric characteristics of the inspection object and the acoustic characteristics of the array probe and wedge, the optimal acoustic beam incident point position at the defect location is obtained by combining parameters such as array element excitation area, acoustic beam incident angle, diffusion angle and front distance with a multi-mode imaging path algorithm.

[0046] By utilizing acoustic wave mode conversion and interface reflections from the detection object, a full-focusing algorithm can generate multiple ultrasound images. Depending on whether the acoustic wave is reflected from the bottom surface, three beam propagation modes can be categorized: direct, half-span, and full-span.

[0047] Taking into account the combination of shear waves (T) and longitudinal waves (L), 21 views can be obtained.

[0048] like Figure 1a It means that there are two propagation paths of the direct sound beam in the specimen, and three views can be combined through the two propagation paths: TT, TL and LL.

[0049] like Figure 1b It indicates that there are three propagation paths of the half-span sound beam in the specimen. Eight views can be combined through the three propagation paths: TLT, LLT, TTT, LTT, LLL, TLL, TTL and LTL.

[0050] like Figure 1c It indicates that there are four paths for the propagation of the full-span sound beam in the specimen. Ten views can be combined through the four propagation paths: LLLL, LLLT, LLTT, LLTL, LTLT, TLTT, TLTL, TTTT, LTTT and LTTL.

[0051] Due to the reciprocity principle of sound waves, TL and LT are equivalent, so the total number of valid views is 21.

[0052] When the incident angle is greater than the first critical angle, the number of views will be reduced to 9, namely TT, TL, TLT, TTT, TLL, TTL, TLTT, TLTL, and TTTT, because the incident longitudinal wave completely disappears.

[0053] After calculation of the detection object of the present invention, it is concluded that the detection effect is best when the lateral distance between the probe and the detection area is between 15mm and 25mm. However, due to the influence of the weld residual height of the detection object, the optimal position detection cannot be performed. Through measurement, it can be obtained that the shortest distance between the probe and the detection area is 30mm. At this time, by comparing the effective detection area of ​​each view, it can be found that the direct type (TT and TL) and the half-span type (TTT, TLL, TTL and TLT) cannot be detected, but it is expected that the detection of the target area can be completed through the full-span type (TTTT, TLLT and TLTT).

[0054] When the effective excitation area of ​​the probe, the incident and diffusion angles of the sound beam, the longitudinal and shear wave velocities of the wedge and the test object, and the thickness of the test object are known, the effective detection area of ​​each view can be calculated. The weight of the mth view at point (x, y) is:

[0055]

[0056] The effective detection area of ​​each effective view is superimposed to obtain the effective coverage of the sound beam at the detection point:

[0057]

[0058] Where N is the number of valid views of the imaging point (x, y);

[0059] P i (x, y) means the weight of the i-th view at point (x, y).

[0060] Appropriate detection points can be selected according to the target area of ​​the detection object.

[0061] Figure 2 Represents the effective coverage of the sound beam.

[0062] S2. At the optimal detection point, use ultrasonic phased array testing equipment to collect full matrix data on the test object after surface roughness treatment;

[0063] Before testing, adjust the array probe's center frequency and the leading edge distance of the wedges. During testing, set the controller's sampling frequency, pulse width, pulse voltage, signal interval length, starting point, gain, and other parameters. The array probe, equipped with the wedges, is fully coupled to the sample surface using a coupling agent. Measurements are then taken to align the probe at the optimal testing point. The phased array testing platform then collects full-matrix data for full-focus post-processing.

[0064] S3. Perform full-focus post-processing imaging on the obtained full-matrix data, and perform fusion processing to obtain an optimized multi-mode full-focus image.

[0065] The acquired full matrix data is subjected to full focusing post-processing imaging considering the acoustic beam path. For the m-th view, the full focusing formula is:

[0066]

[0067] Where, S is the number of probe elements;

[0068] I m (x,y) is the synthetic focus signal amplitude of the m-th view at the imaging point (x,y);

[0069] F ij(t(x,y)) represents the analytical signal of the sound wave emitted by the i-th array element and reflected by the point (x,y) and then received by the j-th array element;

[0070] a ij (x, y) is the weighted phase, which is 1 in the present invention;

[0071] t ij-m (x,y) represents the shortest path for the sound beam to propagate.

[0072] t ij-m (x, y) can be calculated as follows: the longitudinal wave speed of the wedge c is known, the longitudinal wave speed of the test block c L and shear wave speed c T , the thickness of the test block is H, the coordinates of the transmitting array element are (x1, y1), the coordinates of the receiving array element are (x2, y2), and the coordinates of a certain reflection point in the sample are (x, y). According to Fermat's theorem, the coordinates of the refraction point of the incident wave and the reflected wave at the wedge-test block interface (x i ,0) and (x j ,0) can be expressed as

[0073]

[0074] Where t1 is the time it takes for the sound beam to travel from the transmitting element to the reflection point, and t2 is the time it takes for the sound beam to travel from the reflection point to the receiving element. By combining the above equations with the relevant geometric equations, we can solve for the coordinates of the corresponding refraction point and obtain t1 and t2.

[0075] The fused multi-mode all-focus image F(x, y) can be expressed as:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, I i (x, y) is the full focus formula of the i-th view;

[0078] p i (x, y) is the weight of the i-th view at point (x, y).

[0079] like Figure 4 As shown, it is the most commonly used TT mode full focus imaging I TT , it can be seen that due to the long front distance, the sound beam cannot pass through the defect position and reflect, so the defect cannot be detected.

[0080] Figure 5 TTTT mode full focus imaging I TTTT , but a large number of artifacts appear, which will cause interference in actual detection.

[0081] Figure 6This is the multi-mode fusion image F obtained by the present invention using multi-mode all-focus image fusion technology. Defects are clearly detected and artifacts are reduced to a certain extent. The present invention can achieve stable defect detection even when the detection position is limited or the defect location is unique, avoiding missed detections.

[0082] Another embodiment of the present application is an electronic device.

[0083] The electronic device may be the mobile device itself, or a stand-alone device independent of the mobile device. The stand-alone device may communicate with the mobile device to receive the collected input signals from the mobile device and send the selected target decision behavior to the mobile device.

[0084] An electronic device includes one or more processors and memory.

[0085] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units having data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions.

[0086] The memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor may execute the program instructions to implement the multi-mode all-focusing imaging method of the various embodiments of the present application described above.

[0087] In one example, an electronic device may further include: an input device and an output device, these components being interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms. For example, the input device may include various devices such as an onboard diagnostic system (OBD), a camera, an industrial camera, etc. The input device may also include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, etc. The output device may include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, a communication network and its connected remote output device, etc.

[0088] In addition, the electronic device may further include any other appropriate components depending on specific applications.

[0089] Another embodiment of the present application may also be a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, enable the processor to execute the steps of the multi-mode all-focusing imaging method according to various embodiments of the present application described in the above multi-mode all-focusing imaging method section of this specification.

[0090] The computer program product may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​to implement the program code for performing the operations of the embodiments of the present application, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's computing device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server.

[0091] In addition, an embodiment of the present application may also be a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to execute the multi-mode all-focusing imaging method in this specification.

[0092] The computer-readable storage medium can adopt any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can, for example, include but is not limited to a system, device or component of electricity, magnetism, light, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0093] The basic principles of the present application have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, strengths, and effects mentioned in this application are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and it should not be assumed that these advantages, strengths, and effects are required of each embodiment of this application. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are merely illustrative and facilitating understanding, and are not restrictive. The above details do not limit this application to necessarily being implemented using the above specific details.

[0094] The block diagrams of the devices, devices, equipment, and systems involved in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, these devices, devices, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, or configured in any manner. Words such as "include," "comprise," "have," and the like are open-ended words, meaning "including but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "and" used herein refer to the words "and / or" and can be used interchangeably therewith, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith.

[0095] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, device, and method of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined, and such decomposition and / or recombination should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

[0096] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0097] The above description has been provided for the purpose of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A multi-mode all-focusing imaging method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Determine the optimal sound beam incident point based on the defect location of the inspection object; S2. Use the detection equipment to collect full matrix data of the detection object at the optimal sound beam incident point; S3, performing full-focus post-processing imaging on the obtained full-matrix data, and performing fusion processing to obtain an optimized multi-mode full-focus image; In step S3, the fused multi-mode all-focus image F(x, y) can be expressed as: Among them, I i (x, y) is the full focus formula of the i-th view; p i (x, y) is the weight of the i-th view at point (x, y); In step S1, depending on whether the sound wave is reflected by the bottom surface, there are three beam propagation modes: direct, half-span, and full-span. Taking the transverse wave as T and the longitudinal wave as L, considering the combination of T and L, 21 views can be obtained. Taking the effective detection area of ​​each view as Q, the weight of the mth view at point (x, y) is: Overlay the effective detection area of ​​each view to obtain the effective coverage of the sound beam at the detection point: Where N is the number of valid views of the imaging point (x, y); P i (x, y) is the weight of the i-th view at point (x, y); In step S3, for the mth view, its full focusing formula is: Where, S is the number of probe elements; I m (x,y) is the synthetic focus signal amplitude of the m-th view at the imaging point (x,y); F ij (t(x,y)) represents the analytical signal of the sound wave emitted by the i-th array element and reflected by the point (x,y) and then received by the j-th array element; a ij (x,y) is the weighted term; t ij-m (x,y) represents the shortest path for the sound beam to propagate.

2. The multi-mode all-focusing imaging method according to claim 1, wherein: In step S1, based on the geometric characteristics of the inspection object and the acoustic characteristics of the array probe and wedge, the parameters of the array element excitation area, beam incidence angle, diffusion angle and front distance are combined with the multi-mode imaging path algorithm to obtain the optimal beam incidence point position of the defect location.

3. The multi-mode all-focusing imaging method according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, before full matrix data acquisition is performed on the test object, surface roughness processing is first performed on the test object, and then the test object is tested using the ultrasonic phased array testing platform.

4. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor, an input device, an output device and a memory, wherein the processor, the input device, the output device and the memory are connected in sequence, the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute a multi-mode all-focusing imaging method as described in claim 1.

5. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor executes the multi-mode all-focusing imaging method according to claim 1.

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