A method and integrated device for preparing an adsorbent by carbonization treatment and in-situ activation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of resource treatment of garden waste, and specifically to a method and integrated device for carbonization treatment and in-situ activation to prepare adsorbents. After crushing and homogenizing garden waste, it is granulated; the granulated material after granulation is transported to a carbonization and activation furnace by a feeder. The material first undergoes drying and carbonization at the front end of the furnace, generating pyrolysis gas and carbon. The pyrolysis gas generates high-temperature flue gas through oxygen-supplied combustion and provides energy for the entire carbonization and activation system. The remaining heat of the flue gas generates steam through a steam boiler. The carbonized carbon is activated at 800-900 °C to generate an adsorbent. Through the technical integration with carbonization activation as the core, the present invention in-situ converts garden woody waste into steam and carbon adsorbents. The steam is for self-use and external energy supply, and the carbon adsorbent can be used for the purification treatment of sewage, odors, flue gas, etc., providing a new treatment path for the current landfill or incineration of garden woody waste with low quality and high pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of resource treatment of garden waste, and specifically to a method and integrated device for carbonization treatment and in-situ activation to prepare adsorbents. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of urbanization and the greening rate of gardens, the quantity of garden waste has been increasing day by day, with an annual output of more than 40 million tons of "green waste". Garden waste mainly consists of herbaceous and woody types. Among them, the proportion of woody waste is more than 53%. Herbaceous waste is mostly treated by biological methods such as composting and then resourcefully utilized. However, woody waste that is difficult to be treated by biological methods is often landfilled or incinerated, causing pressure on urban waste treatment and environmental pollution, and also a waste of resources.

[0003] Under the background of promoting circulation, reducing pollution, and reducing carbon emissions, exploring new ways for garden waste treatment and achieving high-quality resource utilization have become the key points for solving garden woody waste. However, the lack of integrated engineering applications in the carbonization treatment technology of garden waste and the bottleneck in the utilization of carbon products of carbonization derivatives have become prominent obstacles to the industrial development of pyrolytic carbonization treatment of garden waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose an effective disposal method and simultaneously achieve its high-quality resource utilization, promote the engineering application and popularization of pyrolytic carbonization technology in garden waste, integrate crushing and homogenization, columnar particle forming, carbonization and activation, carbon separation, thermal steam and flue gas purification, etc. into one. Through carbonization and activation technology, garden or garden-like woody waste is transformed into carbon adsorbents and steam energy through crushing, particle forming, carbonization treatment, in-situ carbon activation, thermal steam utilization, flue gas purification, etc. The heat and steam, except for those required for its own drying, carbonization, and activation, the excess part is supplied for sale. The produced carbon adsorbents can be used as columnar adsorbents or powder adsorbents for sewage purification, deodorization, or flue gas purification. A method and integrated device for carbonization treatment and in-situ activation to prepare adsorbents that can achieve high-quality resource utilization while realizing the reduction treatment of garden waste.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for carbonization treatment and in-situ activation to prepare adsorbents, including the following steps:

[0006] Step a: Crush garden waste through a crushing and homogenizing machine, and then homogenize different parts of garden waste, and then compress and form it into granular shape according to the particle size requirements of the adsorbent;

[0007] Step b: The homogenized formed granular material in step a is conveyed to the carbonization and activation furnace by a feeder. First, the material undergoes drying and carbonization at the front end of the furnace, generating pyrolysis gas and carbon. The pyrolysis gas burns with oxygen supply to produce high-temperature flue gas, which provides energy for the entire carbonization and activation system. The remaining heat of the flue gas generates steam through a steam boiler. The carbonized carbon reaches 800 - 900 °C at the rear end of the steam boiler and reacts with the generated steam under the energy provided by the system to activate and generate adsorbents.

[0008] Step c: The granular adsorbents produced in step b enter the carbon sieve. The ones with good forming are used as granular adsorbents, and the rest are ground to less than 200 meshes to be used as powder adsorbents.

[0009] Step d: Besides being used for activation, the steam generated from the steam boiler in step b is provided for external use. The flue gas generated after the boiler undergoes deacidification and dust removal and then meets the emission standards for discharge.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the garden waste can also be fuelwood forests, forestry residues, and shrub forests.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the garden waste entering the carbonization and activation furnace in step a is in the form of 3 - 4 mm columns suitable for columnar adsorbents after being crushed and formed.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the carbonization and activation furnace in step b combines the carbonization treatment of garden waste and the activation of carbon into one.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the heat required for carbonization and activation in step b is provided in situ by the energy generated from the combustion of pyrolysis gas, and the steam required for activation is the steam generated from the combustion of pyrolysis gas and is provided in situ.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, for the activated carbon in step c, the ones with good forming are used as columnar adsorbents, and the crushed ones are ground to less than 200 meshes to be used as powder adsorbents. The produced adsorbents are used as adsorbents required for sewage or flue gas purification.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the integrated device is composed of a garden waste crushing and homogenizing machine, a granulation machine, a carbonization and activation furnace, a steam boiler, a carbon treatment machine, a flue gas purification device, and an auxiliary system, etc.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the integrated device is an integration of devices such as crushing and homogenizing, granulation, carbonization and activation furnace, steam boiler, carbon separation and discharging machine, and flue gas purification.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the carbonization and activation furnace integrates the carbonization of garden waste and carbon activation.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The method and integrated device for carbonization treatment and in-situ activation to prepare adsorbents convert garden woody waste into steam and carbon adsorbents in-situ through the technical integration with carbonization and activation as the core. The steam is used for self-consumption and external energy supply, and the carbon adsorbent can be used for the purification treatment of sewage, odor, flue gas, etc. It provides a new treatment path for the landfill or incineration of garden woody waste with low quality and high pollution at present. It can not only solve the cost problem of the high cost of carbon adsorbents faced in the purification treatment of sewage, odor and flue gas, but also promote the engineering application of pyrolysis carbonization technology in the field of garden waste resource utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method and an integrated device for carbonization treatment and in-situ activation to prepare adsorbents of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] Example: As Figure 1 shown, a method for carbonization treatment and in-situ activation to prepare adsorbents of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0023] Step a: Crush the garden waste through a crushing and homogenizing machine. After homogenizing different parts of the garden waste, compress and form it into particles according to the particle size requirements of the adsorbent.

[0024] Step b: The homogenized formed particle materials in step a are transported to the carbonization and activation furnace by a feeder. The materials first undergo drying and carbonization at the front end of the furnace, generating pyrolysis gas and carbon. The pyrolysis gas burns with oxygen supply to generate high-temperature flue gas, and provides energy for the entire carbonization and activation system. The remaining heat flue gas generates steam through a steam boiler. The carbonized carbon reaches 800 - 900 °C at the rear end of the steam boiler and reacts with the generated steam under the energy provided by the system to activate and generate adsorbents.

[0025] Step c: The particle adsorbents generated in step b enter the carbon sieve, and the well-formed ones are used as particle adsorbents, and the rest are ground to less than 200 meshes as powder adsorbents.

[0026] Step d: The steam generated by the steam boiler in step b, except for that used for activation, is supplied for external use. The flue gas generated after the boiler operation is discharged up to the standard after acid removal and dust removal.

[0027] Garden waste can also include fuelwood forests, forestry residues, and shrub forests.

[0028] The garden waste entering the carbonization and activation furnace in step a is in the form of 3-4 mm columns after being crushed and formed, which is suitable for columnar adsorbents.

[0029] The carbonization and activation furnace in step b integrates the carbonization treatment of garden waste and the activation of carbon.

[0030] The heat required for carbonization and activation in step b is provided in-situ by the energy generated from the combustion of pyrolysis gas. The steam required for activation is the steam generated from the combustion of pyrolysis gas and is provided in-situ.

[0031] In step c, the activated carbon is formed into columnar adsorbents, and the crushed carbon is ground into powders with a particle size below 200 mesh as powder adsorbents. The produced adsorbents are used for purifying sewage or flue gas.

[0032] The integrated device consists of a garden waste crushing and homogenizing machine, a pellet forming machine, a carbonization and activation furnace, a steam boiler, a carbon treatment machine, a flue gas purification device, and an auxiliary system, etc.

[0033] The integrated device is an integration of devices such as crushing and homogenizing, pellet forming, carbonization and activation furnace, steam boiler, carbon separation and discharging machine, and flue gas purification.

[0034] The carbonization and activation furnace integrates the carbonization of garden waste and the activation of carbon.

[0035] For the woody parts such as branches in 12 t / d of garden waste with a moisture content less than 15%, they are crushed and ground and then formed into 2-6 mm pellets by a forming machine. The regulating and uniform feeder evenly transports 1000 kg / h of pelletized materials to the closed feeding bin of the pyrolysis and activation furnace. The materials are first dried and carbonized in the integrated furnace and then steam-activated. The temperature is controlled at 800-900 °C by the combustion of pyrolysis gas with oxygen supply. The drying and carbonization time is 20-30 minutes, and the activation time period is 10-20 minutes. The approximately 5000 Nm3 / h of high-temperature flue gas generated from the complete combustion of pyrolysis gas enters the waste heat boiler. The output of the activated carbon adsorbent is about 2 tons per day, and the carbon specific surface area is about 600-800 m2 / g. The waste heat boiler generates 60 tons per day of 0.8 MPa steam. The 150 °C tail gas generated from the waste heat boiler is discharged up to the standard after bag filter dust removal and wet flue gas desulfurization.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an adsorbent by carbonization treatment and in-situ activation, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step a: The garden waste with a water content of less than 15% and a quantity of 12 t / d is crushed by a crushing and homogenizing machine. After different parts of the garden waste are homogenized, they are compressed into granules with a diameter of 2 - 6 mm according to the particle size requirements of the adsorbent. Step b: The formed granular material after homogenization in Step a is transported to a carbonization and activation furnace by a feeder. The material first undergoes drying and carbonization at the front end of the furnace, generating pyrolysis gas and carbon. The pyrolysis gas burns with oxygen supply to produce high-temperature flue gas, which provides energy for the entire carbonization and activation system. The remaining heat of the flue gas generates steam through a steam boiler. The carbonized carbon reacts with the generated steam at the rear end of the steam boiler under the energy provided by the system to reach 800 - 900 °C for activation to generate the adsorbent. The drying and carbonization time is 20 - 30 minutes, and the activation time period is 10 - 20 minutes. Step c: The granular adsorbent produced in Step b enters a carbon sieve. The well-formed ones are used as granular adsorbents, and the rest are ground to less than 200 meshes to be used as powder adsorbents. Step d: The steam generated from the steam boiler in Step b, except for being used for activation, is provided for external use. The flue gas generated by the boiler is discharged up to standard after acid removal and dust removal. The carbonization and activation furnace in Step b combines the carbonization treatment of garden waste and the activation of carbon into one. The heat required for carbonization and activation in Step b is provided in-situ by the energy generated from the combustion of pyrolysis gas.

2. The method for preparing an adsorbent by carbonization treatment and in-situ activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The garden waste is charcoal forest, forestry residues, and shrubbery.

3. The method for preparing an adsorbent by carbonization treatment and in-situ activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The garden waste entering the carbonization and activation furnace in Step a is in the form of 3 - 4 mm columns after being crushed and formed, which is suitable for columnar adsorbents.

4. The method for preparing an adsorbent by carbonization treatment and in-situ activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step c, the well-formed activated carbon is used as columnar adsorbents, and the crushed ones are ground to less than 200 meshes to be used as powder adsorbents. The generated adsorbents are used as adsorbents required for sewage or flue gas purification.

5. An integrated device applied to the method for preparing an adsorbent by carbonization treatment and in-situ activation according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The integrated device consists of a garden waste crushing and homogenizing machine, a granule forming machine, a carbonization and activation furnace, a steam boiler, a carbon treatment machine, a flue gas purification device, and an auxiliary system. The carbonization and activation furnace combines the carbonization of garden waste and the activation of carbon into one.

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