A variable-width row-to-row spray boom applicable to strip intercropping

Abstract

The present invention provides a variable-width row-by-row spray boom applicable to strip intercropping, which has a foldable and movable bracket and can be adjusted according to the width of the crop strip. Multiple spray nozzles arranged at equal intervals in the folding section can ensure that during the folding process, the spray width overlapping areas between the nozzles change synchronously, ensuring the uniformity and targeting of spraying. At the same time, the combined operation of multiple spray boom units can adapt to various changes in the widths of adjacent crop strips in the field, improve the accuracy of row-by-row pesticide application, and effectively reduce the risk of droplet drift. Therefore, the variable-width row-by-row spray boom of the present invention is not only applicable to fields of strip intercropping, but also applicable to fields of single-crop planting, especially fields with cumulative deviations in the planting positions of crop rows. At the same time, the present invention also has the advantages of reasonable structural planning, compact folding, and convenience for transfer and transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a variable-width row-aligning spray boom applicable to strip intercropping that can accurately perform row-by-row spraying and can be flexibly combined, belonging to the technical field of spray boom spraying machinery. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the self-sufficiency rate of oilseeds in soybeans in China is low, and at the same time, the demand for soybeans in the development of animal husbandry is increasing day by day. In order to improve the production capacity of soybeans and meet the growing social needs, the country has launched a project to improve grain production capacity by stabilizing grain production and expanding soybean planting. The soybean-corn strip intercropping technology is an important measure to stabilize grain production and expand soybean planting. In recent years, as a key promoted technology by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, it has been widely promoted across the country.

[0003] In soybean-corn strip intercropping, weeding at the seedling stage and chemical regulation in the later stage are essential links to increase yields. Since the corresponding pesticides for each crop cannot be applied to each other, the drift of droplets sprayed between the corresponding crop strips must be strictly controlled. A spray boom sprayer equipped with an anti-drift device is the main pesticide application equipment. The common operation method is to match the spraying intervals of the two pesticides with the widths of the corresponding crop strips. However, due to the vast territory of China and large differences in natural conditions between different regions, common patterns of soybean-corn strip intercropping are 4:3, 4:4, 4:2, 6:4, etc., and the corresponding row spacings also vary from 30 cm to 70 cm. The seeding accuracy is affected by the quality of seeding equipment and seeding methods. Often, the row spacings between different strips in the same plot are not equal, and the row spacing deviation between adjacent soybean-corn strips has followability, further exacerbating the difficulty of row alignment during the row-changing operation of the spray boom sprayer. The nozzles fixed on the spray boom result in the spray range not being able to accurately match the width of the crop strip, and even with the best droplet shielding device, the occurrence of phytotoxicity cannot be avoided. In the prior art, there are also spraying devices that can adjust the distance between nozzles according to the row spacing of crops. For example, in the utility model patent document with the publication number CN216254961U, a new type of pesticide spraying device for corn planting is proposed. A scissor mechanism formed by a multi-link structure adjusts multiple nozzles along the spray boom by manually rotating a lead screw to achieve row-aligning spraying for changes in plant spacing. However, due to the existence of the main beam of the guide rod, the entire spray boom cannot be folded, reducing the passability of the spraying vehicle and increasing the burden on transportation. Moreover, its overall linked nozzles cannot achieve zoning and sectional adjustment, and it is not very suitable for intercropping. When operating in a wide width, the effect of accurate targeting is poor, especially when there are cumulative deviations between rows during crop planting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical objective of the present invention is to provide a novel variable-width row-aligning spray boom applicable to strip intercropping to improve the prior art in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A variable-width row-mounted spray boom applicable to strip intercropping, comprising at least one spray boom unit, characterized in that: the spray boom unit includes a bracket, a folding frame and a plurality of nozzles;

[0007] The bracket includes a crossbar assembly, a tie rod assembly and a linear drive mechanism. The crossbar assembly includes an upper crossbar and two lower crossbars, and the two lower crossbars are arranged on the left and right sides below the upper crossbar; the tie rod assembly includes two side tie rods, namely a first left tie rod and a first right tie rod, which are respectively used to connect the upper crossbar and the left and right lower crossbars;

[0008] The linear drive mechanism is fixed at the center position of the upper crossbar through a base, and is provided with a downwardly extending drive rod. The bottom end of the drive rod is respectively hinged to the two side tie rods through two connecting rods to pull the two side tie rods to swing up and down, controlling the opening and closing of the folding frame;

[0009] The folding frame includes a second left tie rod, a second right tie rod and N pairs of arm rods. The nth pair of arm rods consists of an nth left arm rod and an nth right arm rod, 1 n , where n is a positive integer;

[0010] The first left tie rod and the second left tie rod are parallel to each other. The top ends of the first left tie rod and the second left tie rod are respectively hinged to the upper crossbar, and the bottom ends of the first left tie rod and the second left tie rod are respectively hinged to the lower crossbar on the left side, forming a first parallelogram movable frame; the first right tie rod and the second right tie rod are parallel to each other. The top ends of the first right tie rod and the second right tie rod are respectively hinged to the upper crossbar, and the bottom ends of the first right tie rod and the second right tie rod are respectively hinged to the lower crossbar on the right side, forming a second parallelogram movable frame; and the top ends of the second left tie rod and the second right tie rod are staggered in the front-rear direction and are jointly hinged at the center position of the upper crossbar;

[0011] Among all the arm rods included in the N pairs of arm rods:

[0012] The first to the Nth left arm rods are all parallel to the second right tie rod, and their top ends are hinged to the second left tie rod at equal intervals from bottom to top; the first to the Nth right arm rods are all parallel to the second left tie rod, and their top ends are hinged to the second right tie rod at equal intervals from top to bottom; all the arm rods are staggered in the front-rear direction, and the bottom ends of the nth left arm rod and the nth right arm rod are hinged together;

[0013] The nozzles are installed at the hinged joints of the bottom ends of the nth left arm rod and the nth right arm rod.

[0014] Based on the above solution, a more preferred improvement solution further includes:

[0015] Furthermore, the boom unit is provided with a movable spraying group, and the movable spraying group includes N movable spraying modules, which correspond one by one to the boom pairs;

[0016] The movable spraying module includes a crankshaft, the nozzle, and a sprocket mechanism for driving the nozzle to rotate;

[0017] The crankshaft includes a rotating shaft and two parallel and opposite crank arms. The nozzle is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft through a rotating seat; one end of each of the two crank arms is connected to the two booms of the corresponding boom pair respectively, and the other ends are connected to each other through the rotating shaft. Moreover, one crank arm is rotatably connected to its corresponding boom, and the other crank arm is fixedly connected to its corresponding boom. Let the rotatably connected one be the A crank arm and the A boom, and the fixedly connected one be the B crank arm and the B boom;

[0018] The sprocket mechanism includes a first sprocket and a second sprocket. The first sprocket and the second sprocket are connected by a closed-loop chain, and the transmission ratio of the first sprocket and the second sprocket is 1:2;

[0019] The central position of the first sprocket is fixedly connected to the A boom through a shaft member, and this shaft member is parallel to the rotating shaft. The A crank arm is sleeved on the shaft member through a shaft hole to achieve relative rotation with the shaft member; the second sprocket is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating seat, and together with the rotating seat, it is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the central axes of the second sprocket, the rotating seat, and the rotating shaft are on the same straight line to achieve relative rotation between the rotating seat and the rotating shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, in the front-back direction, the booms of different boom pairs are arranged in an interlaced manner in sequence, and the number of other booms spaced between the left and right booms of each boom pair is equal.

[0021] Furthermore, in different movable spraying modules, the fixed angle between the B crank arm and the B boom is different, and different angles are used to make the movable spraying modules avoid each other when the folding frame is folded up.

[0022] Furthermore, the bottom end of the B boom is provided with two mounting holes for connecting the B crank arm. One is a shaft hole, which is on the same straight line as the central axis of the shaft member sleeved by the A crank arm, and the other is a positioning hole, which is used to cooperate with the shaft hole to determine the mounting angle between the B crank arm and the B boom.

[0023] Furthermore, the boom unit includes a side spraying group and a droplet barrier; the side spraying group includes two nozzles fixedly installed on the corresponding lower cross bars on the left and right; the droplet damper is a vertically arranged spraying baffle, which is fixedly installed on the lower cross bar and blocks the outside of the nozzles of the side spraying group.

[0024] Further, taking the hinge point of the side pull rod and the upper cross bar as the rotation fulcrum, the hinge points of the side pull rod and the connecting rod and the hinge point of the side pull rod and the lower cross bar are respectively located on both sides of the rotation fulcrum, forming a lever structure.

[0025] Further, the linear drive mechanism is an electro-hydraulic push rod.

[0026] Further, a corner fitting is installed at the right end of the left lower cross bar and the left end of the right lower cross bar; the corner fitting is a right-angled bent plate, including two mutually perpendicular flanges; the two corner fittings respectively attach and fix one flange to the end faces of the corresponding lower cross bars, and stagger the other flange in the front-rear direction, so that when the stacking frame is completely folded, the other flanges of the two corner fittings coincide in the front-rear direction, and all the arm rods are received between the two other flanges.

[0027] Further, the variable-width row-by-row spray boom of the present invention includes a plurality of spray boom units arranged on the same side of the spray boom sprayer, and the plurality of spray boom units are arranged in parallel and in series, and are fixedly connected to each other through adjacent lower cross bars.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The present invention provides a variable-width row-by-row spray boom suitable for strip intercropping, which has a foldable and movable bracket, can be adjusted according to the width of the crop strip, and the multiple nozzles arranged at equal intervals in the folding section can ensure that during the folding process, the spray width overlapping areas between the nozzles change synchronously, ensuring the uniformity and targeting of spraying. At the same time, the combined operation of multiple spray boom units can adapt to various changes in the widths of adjacent crop strips in the field, improve the accuracy of row-by-row spraying, and effectively reduce the risk of droplet drift. Therefore, the variable-width row-by-row spray boom of the present invention is not only applicable to fields with intercropping, but also applicable to fields with single-crop planting, especially fields with cumulative deviations in the planting positions of crop rows. At the same time, the present invention also has the advantages of reasonable structural planning, compact folding, and convenient transfer and transportation. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spray boom unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a side view of the folding frame in the retracted state;

[0032] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an exploded view of the movable spray module in ;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded and folded states of the spray boom unit;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the combined row operation of the boom unit in the second embodiment of the present invention

[0035] The reference numerals are as follows: bracket 1, folding frame 2, movable spray group 3, edge sweeping spray group 4, first movable spray module 21, second movable spray module 22, third movable spray module 23, first crankshaft 31, second crankshaft 32, third crankshaft 33, upper cross bar 110, lower cross bar 111, base 112, electro-hydraulic push rod 12, drive rod 121, opening and closing hinge seat 122, connecting rod 123, side pull rod 130, angle fitting 140, second left pull rod 201, second right pull rod 202, first left arm rod 211, second left arm rod 212, third left arm rod 213, first right arm rod 214, second right arm rod 215, third right arm rod 216, long sleeve 221, short sleeve 222, hollow shaft 2111, square hole 2112, shaft hole 2113, positioning hole 2114, first crank arm 301, shaft hole 3011, shaft hole 3012, first sprocket 311, square shaft 3110, second crank arm 302, shaft hole 3021, shaft hole 3722, positioning hole 3023, rotating shaft 303, second sprocket 312, chain 313, rotating seat 342, nozzle 40, droplet barrier 50. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following will give a more detailed example introduction of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings.

[0037] A variable-width row boom applicable to strip intercropping is installed on a boom sprayer and is used for spraying pesticides. The boom is composed of one or more boom units.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] As Figure 1 shown, the boom unit includes the following components:

[0040] (I) Bracket

[0041] The bracket 1 includes a cross bar assembly, a pull rod assembly, and a linear drive mechanism. In this embodiment, the linear drive mechanism selected is the electro-hydraulic push rod 12.

[0042] The cross bar assembly includes an upper cross bar 110 and two lower cross bars 111 on the left and right. The two lower cross bars 111 are arranged below the upper cross bar 110 and are at the same horizontal height.

[0043] The pull rod assembly includes two left and right side pull rods 130, which are respectively set as the first left side pull rod and the first right side pull rod. The top end of the first left side pull rod is hinged to the left end of the upper cross bar 110, and the bottom end of the first left side pull rod is hinged to the left end of the lower cross bar 111 on the left side; the top end of the second right side pull rod is hinged to the right end of the upper cross bar 110, and the bottom end of the second right side pull rod is hinged to the right end of the lower cross bar 111 on the right side. The two side pull rods 130 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper cross bar 110 and have the same included angle with the upper cross bar 110.

[0044] The electro-hydraulic push rod 12 is installed at the center position of the upper cross bar 110 through the base 112. As Figure 1 shown, the base 112 is provided with a bottom plate and a cantilever that is raised upward and extends forward. The bottom plate is connected to the upper cross bar 110. The barrel of the electro-hydraulic push rod 12 is fixed below the cantilever, located on the front side of the upper cross bar 110, and at the center position in the transverse direction of the upper cross bar 110. The driving rod 121 of the electro-hydraulic push rod 12 extends downward from the barrel and makes a telescopic movement in the vertical direction.

[0045] On the left and right sides of the bottom end of the driving rod 121, opening and closing hinge seats 122 are symmetrically installed. On the front side of the top end of each of the first left side pull rod and the first right side pull rod, an extension section is provided, and a hinge shaft is installed on the extension section. The hinge shaft is movably connected to the corresponding opening and closing hinge seat 122 through a connecting rod 123. As Figure 1 shown, taking the hinge point of the side pull rod 130 and the upper cross bar 110 as the rotation fulcrum, the hinge points of the side pull rod 130 and the left / right connecting rod 123 and the hinge points of the side pull rod 130 and the left / right lower cross bar 111 are respectively located on both sides of the rotation fulcrum, forming a lever. The two connecting rods 123 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the driving rod 121, forming an equal-angle and equal-side telescopic connecting rod opening and closing mechanism, so that the driving rod 121 drives the two side pull rods 130 to swing up and down with equal opening and closing amplitudes.

[0046] (Two) Folding frame

[0047] The folding frame 2 is a cross-folding mechanism, including a second left side pull rod 201, a second right side pull rod 202 and N pairs of arm rods. The nth pair of arm rods is composed of the nth left arm rod and the nth right arm rod, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N. In this embodiment, 3 pairs of arm rods are taken as an example for illustration, that is, N = 3.

[0048] As Figure 1As shown, the second left pull rod 201 is parallel to the first left pull rod. The top end of the second left pull rod 201 is hinged at the center position of the front side of the upper cross bar 110, and the bottom end of the second left pull rod 201 is hinged to the right end of the left lower cross bar, forming a first parallelogram movable frame; the second right pull rod 202 is parallel to the first right pull rod. The top end of the second right pull rod 202 is hinged at the center position of the rear side of the upper cross bar 110, and the bottom end of the second right pull rod 202 is hinged to the left end of the right lower cross bar, forming a second parallelogram movable frame.

[0049] A corner fitting 140 is installed at the right end of the left lower cross bar and the left end of the right lower cross bar. The corner fitting 140 is a right-angled bent plate, including two mutually perpendicular flanges. When installing the corner fitting 140, one flange of the two corner fittings 140 is fixed on the end face of the corresponding lower cross bar, and the other flange of the left corner fitting is located on the front side of the left lower cross bar, and the other flange of the right corner fitting is located on the rear side of the right lower cross bar. When the folding frame 2 is folded, the other flanges of the two corner fittings can overlap in the front-rear direction. Moreover, the second left pull rod 201 is connected to the rear side of the other flange of the left corner fitting 140, and the second right pull rod 202 is connected to the front side of the other flange of the right corner fitting, so that all the arm rods can be completely received inside the flanges of the two corner fittings that are staggered in the front-rear direction.

[0050] The three arm rods are centered: the first to the third left arm rods are all parallel to the second right pull rod 202, and their top ends are hinged on the rear side of the second left pull rod at equal intervals from bottom to top; the first to the third right arm rods are all parallel to the second left pull rod 201, and their top ends are hinged on the front side of the second right pull rod at equal intervals from top to bottom. All the arm rods are staggered in the front-rear direction, and the bottom ends of the first / second / third left arm rods are respectively hinged to the bottom ends of the first / second / third right arm rods, forming three V-shaped hanging rod structures that cross each other as shown in Figure 1 The three V-shaped hanging rods cooperate with the second left and right pull rods to form three parallelogram movable frame structures.

[0051] At the same time, as shown in Figure 2 All the arm rods of the three pairs of arm rods are not only staggered in the front-rear direction, but the arm rods of different pairs of arm rods are arranged in an interlaced manner in sequence, so that the number of other arm rods spaced between the left and right arm rods of each pair of arm rods is equal, and all the arm rods can be closely attached in the front-rear direction when the folding frame 2 is in the folded state. Among them, since there are gaps between the second left arm rod 212, the second right arm rod 215, the third left arm rod 213 and the first right arm rod 214 and the second left / right pull rods, in order to ensure the stability of the structure, sleeves are sleeved on the connecting shafts with the pull rods for positioning, such as the long sleeve 221 and the short sleeve 222 shown in Figure 2 ​

[0052] (III) Active spray group

[0053] The movable spray group 3 includes three movable spray modules, which correspond to the three arm pairs one by one and are installed at the hinges at the bottom ends of the arm pairs. The movable spray module 3 includes a crankshaft, a spray head 40 and a sprocket mechanism for driving the spray head 40 to rotate.

[0054] The crankshaft includes a rotating shaft 303 and two parallel and opposite crank arms A and B. Figure 3 As shown, the top ends of the A crank arm 301 and the B crank arm 302 are respectively connected to the two arms of the corresponding arm pair, and the bottom ends are connected to each other through the rotating shaft 303. The spray head 40 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 303 through the rotating seat 342, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 303 are fixedly connected to the A crank arm 301 and the B crank arm 302 through screws.

[0055] The sprocket mechanism includes a first sprocket and a second sprocket, which are connected by a closed-loop chain 313, and the transmission ratio of the first sprocket and the second sprocket is 1:2 (that is, when the first sprocket and the second sprocket move synchronously, the angle rotated by the second sprocket is 1 / 2 of the angle rotated by the first sprocket).

[0056] The arm connected to the A crank arm is assumed to be the A arm, and the arm connected to the B crank arm is assumed to be the B arm. The A crank arm 301 is connected to the A arm through a shaft, and the central axis of the shaft is parallel to the rotating shaft 303. The shaft is composed of a square shaft 3110 and a hollow shaft 2111 that are sleeved together. The square shaft 3110 is fixedly installed at the center of the first sprocket 311, and the hollow shaft 2111 is fixedly installed on the A arm. The hollow shaft 2111 has a square hole 2112 that matches the shape of the square shaft 3110. When installing, the square shaft 3110 is inserted into the square hole 2112 of the hollow shaft 2111, and no relative rotation occurs between the square shaft 3110 and the hollow shaft 2111. A screw hole is provided in the middle of the square shaft 3110, and the first sprocket 311 is fixedly connected to the A arm with a screw inserted from the outside of the A arm to prevent it from loosening in the axial direction. During the process of folding or unfolding the A-arm, the A-arm can drive the first sprocket to rotate together through the hollow shaft 2112 and the square shaft 3110 .

[0057] The top of the A crank arm 301 is provided with an axial hole 3012, and the A crank arm 301 is sleeved on the hollow shaft 2111 through the axial hole 3012, so that it can rotate relative to the hollow shaft 2111. The second sprocket 312 is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating seat 342, and is sleeved on the rotating shaft 303 together with the rotating seat 342, driving the rotating seat 342 to rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 303 as the center.

[0058] The bottom end of the B boom is provided with two mounting holes for connecting the B crank arm 302. One mounting hole is a shaft hole 2113, which is on the same straight line as the central axis of the hollow shaft 2111, and the other mounting hole is a positioning hole 2114. The relative position between the positioning hole 2114 and the shaft hole 2113 determines the angle between the B crank arm and the B boom, that is, the installation angle of the crankshaft. In order to make all the crank arms as close as possible when folded, both mounting holes are counterbored holes, so that the head of the screw used in conjunction with the mounting hole does not protrude from the outer surface of the crank arm.

[0059] In different active spray modules, the angle between the B crank arm and the B boom is different. Through different angles, the active spray modules avoid each other when the folding frame 2 is folded. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in the enlarged part of the folded state of the folding frame 2, in the folded state, the crankshaft in the middle is vertically downward, and the other two crankshafts are lifted to the left and the right respectively.

[0060] In order to enable the booms to be close to each other in sequence, a stepped surface slot is provided on one side of the bottom of each boom where the crank arm is connected. The crank arm is installed in the stepped surface slot and does not protrude beyond the surface of the boom outward, as Figure 2 shown in the partial enlarged view of.

[0061] (IV) Side-sweeping spray group

[0062] The side-sweeping spray group 4 includes nozzles fixedly installed under the left and right lower cross bars, and is used for inter-row spraying and weeding of different crop strips.

[0063] (V) Droplet barrier

[0064] The droplet damper 50 is a vertically arranged spray baffle, which is fixedly installed on the lower cross bar 111 and blocks the outside of the nozzles of the fixed spray module on the same side.

[0065] Working principle:

[0066] When using the spray boom unit, connect the lower cross bar 111 on one side of it to the spray boom sprayer body. Before operation, adjust the vertical distance between the lower cross bar 111 and the ground according to the crop height through the lifting mechanism of the spray boom sprayer. The spray boom unit remains in the folded state during shutdown or transportation for easy parking and transfer, and is controlled to unfold until the operation starts. As Figure 4As shown, when the boom unit is in the retracted state, all four side tie rods are vertically downward, and the second left tie rod and the second right tie rod overlap in the front-rear direction. The upper crossbar 110 and the lower crossbar 111 are horizontal, and the nozzles of all nozzles face downward. During the transition from the retracted state to the deployed state, the drive rod 121 extends downward, pulling the top of the side tie rod 130 through two connecting rods 123. Under the lever action, the side tie rod 130 extends to the left and right sides around the hinge point of the upper crossbar 110. Since the lower crossbar 111 on one side is fixed, the upper crossbar 110 then moves downward, and the lower crossbar 111 on the other side moves outward. The included angle between the first / second left tie rod and the first / second right tie rod gradually increases, and the included angle between the arm rods of each pair of arm rods also gradually increases. The outer contour of the boom unit gradually changes from a rectangle to a trapezoid. During this process, the crankshafts of all active spray modules follow the movement of the B arm rod, start to tilt to one side compared with the initial state, and rotate relative to the A arm rod, while the A arm rod tilts in the opposite direction synchronously, and remains symmetric with the B arm rod with the vertical line as the symmetry center. During the tilting process of the A arm rod, it drives the first sprocket 311 to rotate around the central axis of the hollow shaft 2111. During the tilting process of the B arm rod, it drives the rotating shaft 303 to rotate around the central axis of the hollow shaft 2111 through the B crank arm, and the rotation direction is opposite to that of the first sprocket 311. The tilting of both the A arm rod and the B arm rod will cause relative displacement between the first sprocket 311 and the chain 313. However, the first sprocket 311 can drive the second sprocket 312 to rotate around the rotating shaft 303 through the chain 313, compensating for the angular change of the turntable 342. And since the transmission ratio of the first sprocket 311 and the second sprocket 313 is 1:2, the angular change of the crankshaft is always half of the angular change of the included angle between the A and B arm rods, so that the nozzle 40 under the turntable 342 can always keep the nozzle facing downward.

[0067] Normally, ditches are dug between the crop strips of the intercropping. During the operation, the feed amount of the electro-hydraulic push rod 12 is adjusted according to the width of the crop strip until the two droplet barriers 50 are respectively located at the axis between the ditches on both sides of the target crop strip. The nozzles of the edge spraying nozzle group 4 are used to meet the weeding operation at the edge of the crop strip. The distance between the edge spraying nozzle group 4 and the droplet barrier 50 is fixed because the distance between the outermost crop row and the ditch is often fixed, so it can meet the weeding requirements outside the crop and in the ditch.

[0068] It should be noted that:

[0069] Since the crankshaft itself has an offset, the positioning of the nozzle 40 in the horizontal and vertical directions may produce a certain amount of deviation when the crankshaft rotates, but through practical verification, the deviation is extremely small. When adjusting the total width of the spray bar unit, the overlap error of the spray width of a single nozzle can be approximately ignored, and droplets evenly distributed along the spray bar can still be obtained. At the same time, the angle change of the nozzle 40 during the deformation of the folding frame 2 can also be compensated by other adjustment methods, such as detecting the nozzle inclination angle through a sensor, and then adjusting it through an actively controlled driving mechanism, etc., but the mechanical transmission self-adjustment method adopted in this embodiment has lower use costs and is easy to maintain.

[0070] Embodiment 2

[0071] According to the operation requirements, a lower cross bar 111 of a spray boom unit can be connected to the lower cross bar of another spray boom unit to expand into a series spray boom group, thereby improving the operation efficiency of spraying. If a droplet barrier is provided, an opening can be directly opened on the droplet barrier so that the lower cross bars of different spray boom units can be directly connected.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, taking the application of pesticides and weeds in a soybean-corn composite planting field as an example, in row operations, one spray boom unit corresponds to one crop strip, and the electric push rods of the two spray boom units are respectively connected to the control system of the sprayer. Because different crops have different planting spacings, the corresponding spray boom units can be adjusted individually so that the nozzles of the edge sweeping nozzle group 4 on both sides of the two spray boom units are just located above the axis between the furrows, and the nozzles of the active spray group are located above the row gaps of the same crop.

[0073] This embodiment can also be applied to fields where the same crop is planted, and is particularly suitable for fields with a larger width. For fields with a larger width, due to the large number of crop rows, it is difficult to ensure that the spacing between each row is accurate during planting. In particular, the position deviation of the planting rows will accumulate, resulting in large position deviations of the planting rows that are far from the reference point. In view of this situation, if all the nozzles on the spray boom are equally spaced, it will not be possible to achieve accurate row-by-row application of pesticides. Therefore, the present invention uses a plurality of spray boom units connected in series for application of pesticides, and realizes zoned and segmented adjustment by individually controlling each spray boom unit, which can effectively avoid the situation where some nozzles cannot always be accurately aligned with the rows due to the accumulated position deviations of the planting rows.

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 (A) is the operation status of the tandem spray boom at the standard strip width. Figure 5 In (B), if the width of a single strip changes, the corresponding spray boom unit changes in conjunction, adjusting the spraying spacing to meet actual operational requirements; Figure 5 (C) Figure 5(A) has the same field width, but the widths of each crop strip are different. Then the two spray boom units adjust the spraying spacing respectively to meet the actual operation requirements.

[0075] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. cited in the invention are only for the sake of clarity in narration, rather than to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention.

[0076] The above is only the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and refinements made without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable-width row-to-row spray boom applicable to strip intercropping, comprising at least one spray boom unit, characterized in that: The spray boom unit includes a bracket (1), a folding frame (2), and a plurality of nozzles (40); The bracket (1) includes a crossbar assembly, a pull rod assembly, and a linear drive mechanism. The crossbar assembly includes an upper crossbar (110) and two lower crossbars (111). The two lower crossbars (111) are arranged on the left and right sides below the upper crossbar (110). The pull rod assembly includes two side pull rods (130), namely a first left pull rod and a first right pull rod, which are respectively used to connect the upper crossbar (110) and the left and right lower crossbars (111); The linear drive mechanism (12) is fixed at the center position of the upper crossbar (110) through a base (112), and is provided with a driving rod (121) extending downward. The bottom end of the driving rod (121) is respectively hinged to the two side pull rods (130) through two connecting rods (123) to pull the two side pull rods (130) to swing up and down, controlling the opening and closing of the folding frame (2); The folding rack (2) includes a second left pull rod, a second right pull rod and N pairs of arm rods, wherein the nth pair of arm rods is composed of an nth left arm rod and an nth right arm rod, 1 n , where n is a positive integer; The first left pull rod and the second left pull rod are parallel to each other. The top ends of the first left pull rod and the second left pull rod are respectively hinged to the upper crossbar (110). The bottom ends of the first left pull rod and the second left pull rod are respectively hinged to the lower crossbar on the left side, forming a first parallelogram movable frame. The first right pull rod and the second right pull rod are parallel to each other. The top ends of the first right pull rod and the second right pull rod are respectively hinged to the upper crossbar (110). The bottom ends of the first right pull rod and the second right pull rod are respectively hinged to the lower crossbar on the right side, forming a second parallelogram movable frame. And the top ends of the second left pull rod and the second right pull rod are staggered in the front-rear direction and are jointly hinged at the center position of the upper crossbar (110); Among all the arm rods included in the N pairs of arm rods: The first to the Nth left arm rods are all parallel to the second right pull rod, and their top ends are hinged to the second left pull rod (201) at equal intervals from bottom to top. The first to the Nth right arm rods are all parallel to the second left pull rod, and their top ends are hinged to the second right pull rod (202) at equal intervals from top to bottom. All the arm rods are staggered in the front-rear direction, and the bottom ends of the nth left arm rod and the nth right arm rod are hinged together; The nozzle (40) is installed at the hinge joint of the bottom ends of the nth left arm rod and the nth right arm rod.

2. The variable-width row-mounted spray boom applicable to strip intercropping according to claim 1, wherein, The spray boom unit is provided with a movable spray group (3); The movable spray group (3) includes N movable spray modules, which correspond to the pairs of arm rods one by one; The movable spray module includes a crankshaft, the nozzle (40), and a sprocket mechanism for driving the nozzle (40) to rotate; The crankshaft includes a rotating shaft (303) and two parallel and opposite crank arms. The nozzle (40) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (303) through a rotating base (342). One end of each of the two crank arms is connected to two arm rods of the corresponding pair of arm rods, and the other end is interconnected through the rotating shaft (303). Moreover, one crank arm is rotatably connected to its corresponding arm rod, and the other crank arm is fixedly connected to its corresponding arm rod. Let the rotatably connected one be the A crank arm and the A arm rod, and the fixedly connected one be the B crank arm and the B arm rod. The sprocket mechanism includes a first sprocket (311) and a second sprocket (312). The first sprocket (311) and the second sprocket (312) are drivingly connected through a closed-loop chain (313), and the transmission ratio of the first sprocket (311) and the second sprocket (312) is 1:

2. The central position of the first sprocket (311) is fixedly connected to the A arm rod through a shaft member. This shaft member is parallel to the rotating shaft (303). The A crank arm is sleeved on the shaft member through a shaft hole to achieve relative rotation with the shaft member. The second sprocket (312) is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating base (342), and together with the rotating base (342), it is sleeved on the rotating shaft (303). Moreover, the central axes of the second sprocket (312), the rotating base (342), and the rotating shaft (303) are on the same straight line to achieve relative rotation between the rotating base (342) and the rotating shaft (303).

3. A variable-width in-row spray boom applicable to strip intercropping according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the front-rear direction, the arm rods of different pairs of arm rods are arranged in an interlaced manner in sequence, and the number of other arm rods spaced between the left and right arm rods of each pair of arm rods is equal.

4. A variable-width in-row spray boom applicable to strip intercropping according to claim 2, characterized in that: In different active spray modules, the fixed angle between the B crank arm and the B arm rod is different. Through different angles, the active spray modules avoid each other when the folding frame (2) is folded up.

5. A variable-width in-row spray boom applicable to strip intercropping according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom end of the B arm rod is provided with two mounting holes for connecting the B crank arm (302). One is a shaft hole (2113), which is on the same straight line as the central axis of the shaft member sleeved by the A crank arm, and the other is a positioning hole (2144), which is used to cooperate with the shaft hole (2113) to determine the mounting angle between the B crank arm (302) and the B arm rod.

6. A variable-width row-mounted spray boom applicable to strip intercropping, characterized in that, The spray boom unit includes a side-scanning spray group (4) and a droplet barrier (50). The side-scanning spray group (4) includes two nozzles fixedly installed on the corresponding lower cross bar (111). The droplet barrier (50) is a vertically arranged spray baffle, fixedly installed on the lower cross bar (111), and blocking the outside of the nozzles of the side-scanning spray group (4).

7. A variable-width in-row spray boom applicable to strip intercropping according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the hinge point of the side pull rod (130) and the upper cross bar (110) as the rotation fulcrum, the hinge point of the side pull rod (130) and the connecting rod (123) and the hinge point of the side pull rod (130) and the lower cross bar (111) are respectively located on both sides of the rotation fulcrum, forming a lever structure.

8. The variable-width row-by-row spray boom applicable to strip intercropping according to claim 1, wherein: The linear drive mechanism (12) is an electro-hydraulic push rod.

9. A variable-width row spraying boom applicable to strip intercropping according to claim 1, characterized in that, A corner fitting (140) is installed at the right end of the left lower cross bar and the left end of the right lower cross bar; The corner fitting (140) is a right-angle bent plate, including two mutually perpendicular flanges; The two corner fittings (140) attach and fix one flange to the end faces of the corresponding lower cross bars (111) respectively, and stagger the other flange in the front-rear direction. When the folding frame (2) is completely folded, the other flanges of the two corner fittings (140) coincide in the front-rear direction, and all the arm rods are received between the two other flanges.

10. The variable-width row-by-row spray boom applicable to strip intercropping according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of spray boom units arranged on the same side of the spray boom sprayer. The plurality of spray boom units are arranged in parallel and in series, and are fixedly connected between adjacent lower cross bars (111).

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