A waterproof board and construction method suitable for permanent support of foundation pit

Abstract

The present invention discloses a waterproof board and construction method adapted to permanent support of foundation pit, which relates to the field of construction engineering. The waterproof board extends along the concrete cushion layer to the support structure, is connected to the support structure and bends upward to extend to the ground to form an integral waterproof board adapted to permanent support of foundation pit; a structural wallboard is vertically arranged on the outer side of the waterproof board, and a waterproof roll is attached to the inner side of the structural wallboard. The structural wallboard serves as the outer template of the waterproof board to form an outer attachment of the waterproof roll when pouring the waterproof board. The present invention forms an integral waterproof board adapted to permanent support of foundation pit; by setting a vertical structural wallboard, the waterproof roll can be closely attached to its inner surface, and after pouring concrete, the waterproof roll changes from inner attachment to outer attachment, completely wrapping the underground structure, forming a roll material construction method of a waterproof board suitable for permanent support structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of construction engineering, and in particular to a waterproof board suitable for permanent support of a foundation pit and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Permanent support for foundation pits is to design the outer supporting piles into permanent structures, so that the supporting piles can serve as both supporting structures and basement exterior walls. This can eliminate fertilizer troughs, increase the usable area of ​​the basement, improve land utilization, and save materials for temporary supporting structures. It is a truly green and low-carbon construction method.

[0003] Traditional temporary support structures such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, there is a fertilizer trough between the support piles and the outer wall of the basement, and backfill soil is placed in the fertilizer trough. After the construction is completed, the outer wall of the basement bears the lateral soil pressure. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the support piles are designed according to the main structure standard and permanently bear the lateral earth pressure, so the fertilizer trough and the basement outer wall are cancelled. After the fertilizer trough and the basement outer wall are cancelled, the permanent support of the foundation pit cannot meet the waterproof requirements of the permanent support structure due to the structural changes.

[0004] In addition, there is no standardized approach to waterproofing of permanent support for foundation pits, and the following problems exist:

[0005] 1. Limitation of construction space: One of the functions of the fertilizer trough is to provide construction space for underground main structure waterproofing operations. However, the permanent support of the foundation pit cancels the space for the fertilizer trough, so the traditional construction method cannot be used to waterproof the underground main structure.

[0006] 2. Limitations of construction technology: At present, the vertical control technology of supporting piles is still immature, and it is difficult for supporting walls to achieve the verticality and flatness of permanent structures. Waterproof membranes should not be directly attached to supporting pile walls to form internal waterproofing, which will reduce the waterproofing effect.

[0007] 3. Requirements for waterproofing of the permanent support structure itself: Due to the adoption of a permanent support structure, the fertilizer trough and the basement exterior wall are eliminated, and only the traditional waterproof board at the foot of the basement exterior wall needs to be connected to the permanent support structure that also serves as the basement exterior wall. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the design of the traditional waterproof board so that it can adapt to the permanent support structure. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a waterproof board and a construction method that are suitable for permanent support of foundation pits. The traditional basement waterproof board is extended from the foot of the basement outer wall to the supporting structure, connected to the supporting structure and bent upward to extend to the ground, forming an integral waterproof board that is suitable for permanent support of foundation pits; by arranging vertical structural wall panels, the waterproof membrane can fit tightly on its inner surface, and after pouring concrete, the waterproof membrane changes from being attached inside to being attached outside, completely wrapping the underground structure, forming a membrane construction method for waterproof boards that are suitable for permanent support structures.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0010] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a waterproof board adapted to permanent support of a foundation pit, the waterproof board extends along the concrete cushion layer to the support structure, is connected to the support structure and bends upward to extend to the ground to form an integral waterproof board adapted to permanent support of the foundation pit.

[0011] As a further implementation method, a structural wall panel is vertically arranged on the outer side of the waterproof board, and a waterproof membrane layer is attached to the inner side of the structural wall panel. The structural wall panel serves as the outer template of the waterproof board to form an outer attachment of the waterproof membrane layer when pouring the waterproof board.

[0012] As a further implementation, the structural wall panel is fixed to the supporting structure by angle steel.

[0013] As a further implementation method, the outer surface of the structural wall panel is flush with the outer surfaces of the crown beam and the waist beam.

[0014] As a further implementation method, a waterproof roll material layer is provided on the upper surface of the concrete cushion layer.

[0015] As a further implementation, the waterproof board is a reinforced concrete structure.

[0016] As a further implementation, the waterproof board structure thickness is not less than 250 mm.

[0017] On the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a construction method for a waterproof board that is suitable for permanent support of a foundation pit, wherein a flat vertical structural wall panel is set, and the waterproof membrane is attached to the surface of the structural wall panel; the structural wall panel is then used as the outer template of the waterproof board, and the waterproof membrane layer is attached to the outside when pouring the waterproof board.

[0018] As a further implementation method, first construct the permanent supporting structure, then construct the concrete cushion layer and the waterproof membrane layer on the surface of the concrete cushion layer; then install the structural wall panels, and construct the waterproof membrane layer on the surface of the structural wall panels, crown beams and waist beams; then cast the waterproof board.

[0019] As a further implementation method, the waterproof board extends along the concrete cushion layer to the supporting structure, is connected to the supporting structure, bends upward and extends to the ground.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) The present invention constructs a new waterproof board that is adapted to a permanent supporting structure. The traditional basement waterproof board is extended from the foot of the basement outer wall to the supporting structure, connected to the supporting structure and bent upward to extend to the ground. The waterproof board integrates the traditional waterproof board and the basement outer wall waterproofing function.

[0022] (2) The present invention designs a structural wall panel, which is vertical and flat, and covers the uneven permanent support structure. After the waterproof membrane is laid on the inner surface of the structural wall panel, it serves as the outer template of the waterproof board extending upward, so that the waterproof layer can tightly wrap the basement, and the waterproof membrane can be applied in a small space, which is suitable for the permanent support structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproofing board according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of waterproof structure construction according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional waterproof board.

[0027] Among them, 1. waterproof board, 2. structural wall panel, 3. permanent support piles, 4. crown beam, 5. waist beam, 6. concrete cushion layer, 7. angle steel, 8. waterproof membrane layer, 9. fertilizer trough, 10. waterproof board, 11. basement exterior wall, 12. temporary support piles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] Traditional temporary support structures such as Figure 3 As shown, a fertilizer trough 9 is provided between the temporary supporting piles 12 and the basement outer wall 11, and backfill soil is provided in the fertilizer trough 9; the waterproof board 10 at the bottom of the basement only reaches the foot of the basement outer wall 11, and this waterproof board structure cannot meet the waterproof requirements of the permanent supporting structure.

[0030] This embodiment provides a waterproof board suitable for permanent support of foundation pit, such as Figure 1As shown, the permanent supporting piles 3 are supporting piles designed according to the main structure standards, and have the function of supporting the basement exterior wall; the waterproof board 1 is an integral structure, and the waterproof board 1 extends along the concrete cushion layer 6 to the supporting structure, is connected to the supporting structure, bends upward and extends to the ground, and is adapted to the permanent supporting structure.

[0031] The waterproof board 1 mainly bears the water pressure on the back water side and does not participate in the stress of the main structure. When designing the waterproof board 1, the water pressure from the underground and the side is mainly considered; when constructing the waterproof board 1, the steel bars at the bend need to be anchored for a certain length so that a bent integral waterproof board can be formed after the pouring is completed.

[0032] The waterproof board 1 is a reinforced concrete structure, wherein the concrete is a waterproof concrete material.

[0033] In this embodiment, the thickness of the waterproof board 1 should not be less than 250mm, and the thickness of the steel bar protective layer of the waterproof board 1 should not be less than 50mm; the strength grade of the concrete cushion layer 6 should not be less than C15, and the thickness should not be less than 100mm, and should not be less than 150mm in soft soil layers.

[0034] Since the permanent support structure eliminates the fertilizer trough, the traditional construction method of externally pasting waterproofing coiled materials cannot be applied. In this embodiment, a structural wallboard 1 is arranged outside the vertical section of the waterproof board 1, and the waterproofing coiled materials are coated on the inner surface of the structural wallboard 1 to form a waterproofing coiled material layer 8. After the waterproof board 1 is poured and constructed, the waterproofing coiled materials of the waterproof board 1 are externally pasted. Among them, the side facing the main structure is the inner side.

[0035] This embodiment implements the application of the waterproof membrane in the narrow space outside the waterproof board 1 by pasting the waterproof membrane inside the structural wall panel 1, and the surface of the structural wall panel 1 is flat, which can ensure the adhesion effect of the waterproof membrane.

[0036] The structural wallboard 2 is made of a lightweight concrete board or a lightweight cement board, and its main function is to provide a waterproof membrane working surface and protect the waterproof membrane layer 8.

[0037] A waterproof roll layer 8 is laid on the upper surface of the concrete cushion layer 6. The waterproof roll is a polymer composite self-adhesive roll. The waterproof board 1 cooperates with the outer waterproof roll layer 8 to effectively protect the underground main structure from erosion and penetration.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, structural wall panels 2 are arranged between the crown beam 4 and the waist beam 5 and between adjacent waist beams 5 , and the outer surfaces of the structural wall panels 2 are flush with the outer surfaces of the waist beam 5 and the crown beam 4 .

[0039] Preferably, the thickness of the structural wall panel 2 is in the range of 60 mm to 120 mm, and the distance between the structural wall panel 2 and the side wall of the foundation pit is not less than 100 mm. The specific distance should be determined according to the size and position of the waist beam 5 and the crown beam 4.

[0040] In order to prevent the structural wall panel 2 from being displaced during the construction process, the side of the foundation pit soil body can be fixed by angle steel 7. Figure 2 As shown, the structural wall panel 2 is fixed to the supporting structure by angle steel 7 to limit its displacement toward the foundation pit soil body side. For one side of the main structure, it can be fixed by a steel support erected on a single-sided formwork to limit its displacement toward the main structure side.

[0041] After the waterproof board 1 of this embodiment is poured, the waterproof roll is tightly fitted to the waterproof board 1 to fix the waterproof roll between the structural wallboard 2 and the waterproof board 1, and the waterproof roll is effectively protected, thereby increasing the service life of the waterproof roll.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] The present embodiment provides a construction method for a waterproof board suitable for permanent support of a foundation pit, using the waterproof board suitable for permanent support of a foundation pit described in Embodiment 1, by setting a flat vertical structural wall panel 2, pasting the waterproof membrane on the surface of the structural wall panel 2, and then using the structural wall panel 2 as the outer template of the waterproof board 1 to achieve the external pasting of the waterproof membrane.

[0044] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0045] Step 1: Determine the red line position, and construct permanent support piles 3 and water-stop curtains along the site red line.

[0046] The permanent support piles 3 are on the side close to the foundation pit, and the water-stop curtain is on the outside of the permanent support piles 3 and close to the permanent support piles 3. Both are within the land red line and close to the land red line. The construction sequence is to construct the permanent support piles 3 first, and then construct the water-stop curtain after completion. Among them, the permanent support piles 3 are designed in advance according to the main structure standards.

[0047] Step 2: After the permanent support piles 3 reach the strength requirement, excavate the soil layer by layer and construct the crown beam 4 and waist beam 5 in sequence.

[0048] Before constructing the crown beam 4, the concrete on the top of the permanent support pile 3 is chiseled off to the designed elevation of the bottom of the crown beam 4 and cleaned, and then the crown beam 4 is constructed; before constructing the waist beam 5, the surface of the permanent support pile 3 and the soil between the piles are treated in advance. The treatment of the permanent support pile 3 and the soil between the piles can be carried out at the same time. The surface of the permanent support pile 3 is chiseled manually or mechanically, and the excess soil between the piles is dug out, and then the steel mesh is installed, concrete is sprayed and cured to the required strength, and finally the waist beam 5 is constructed.

[0049] When constructing the waist beam 5 and the crown beam 4, the steel bars of the waist beam 5 and the crown beam 4 must be manufactured and tied in advance according to the design, and the formwork must be supported according to the size of the waist beam 5 and the crown beam 4. Finally, the whole is poured and cured to the required strength. Among them, steel bar joints or embedded steel components must be reserved inside the waist beam 5 and the crown beam 4 to connect the support beam and fix the structural wall panel 2.

[0050] Step 3: construct the concrete cushion layer 6 and the waterproof membrane layer 8 on the concrete cushion layer 6.

[0051] When constructing the concrete cushion layer 6, the soil base is first processed and flattened, and then concrete is laid on the flattened soil base. After the concrete layer is slightly solidified, the base is leveled with cement mortar and cured to the required strength. Finally, the waterproof membrane layer 8 on the cushion layer is constructed.

[0052] When constructing the waterproofing membrane layer 8 on the concrete cushion layer 6, firstly apply the base treatment agent on the leveling layer, and then lay the waterproofing membrane.

[0053] Step 4: Install the structural wall panels 2 , and lay a waterproof membrane layer 8 on the surface of the structural wall panels 2 , the waist beams 5 and the crown beams 4 .

[0054] Due to the limitation of the construction space of permanent support for foundation pit, it is impossible to directly affix waterproof membrane to the waterproof board 1. Therefore, a wall is constructed using structural wall panels 2 to provide construction space for the construction of waterproof membrane layer 8. The surface of the wall is flat and does not bear horizontal and vertical loads. Its main function is to provide a working surface for the waterproof membrane and to protect and fix the waterproof membrane. Compared with directly constructing the waterproof membrane layer 8 on the supporting pile wall, the waterproof membrane layer 8 constructed by this construction method has better integrity and more reliable waterproofing effect.

[0055] The outer surface of the structural wall panel 2 is flush with the outer surfaces of the crown beam 4 and the waist beam 5. Before installing the structural wall panel 2, the position of the angle steel 7 is determined in advance according to the thickness of the structural wall panel 2 and fixed.

[0056] When constructing the waterproofing membrane of the crown beam 4 and waist beam 5, first apply cement-based penetrating crystalline coating, then apply 20mm thick 1:2 polymer cement mortar, and finally lay the polymer composite self-adhesive membrane. Since the surface of the crown beam 4 and waist beam 5 has reserved steel bar joints or embedded steel components, the waterproofing membrane cannot be completely covered. You can use a water stop ring at the node or spray waterproof glue for waterproofing.

[0057] Step 5: Make and tie the basement waterproofing board 1 steel bars according to the design, set up the formwork according to the component size, and finally pour the concrete.

[0058] For the waterproof board 1 on the side, the formwork is supported in the form of a single-sided formwork, and a steel support is used on one side of the formwork to ensure that the formwork does not shift sideways during the concrete pouring process. Finally, the concrete is poured as a whole and cured to the required strength. The single-sided formwork construction method solves the problem of being unable to construct and pour the side waterproof board due to the small operating space. Compared with the traditional double-sided formwork, the single-sided formwork has the advantages of simple and quick operation, fewer preset components, and saved working space.

[0059] When constructing the steel bars of the waterproof board 1, the internal steel bars of the horizontal section of the waterproof board and the internal steel bars of the vertical section of the waterproof board are anchored for no less than 35d and no less than la (anchorage length), and a bent integral waterproof board is formed after pouring.

[0060] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waterproof board suitable for permanent support of foundation pit, characterized in that: The waterproof board extends along the concrete cushion to the supporting structure, is connected to the supporting structure and bends upward to extend to the ground to form an integral waterproof board adapted to the permanent support of the foundation pit; A structural wallboard is vertically arranged on the outer side of the waterproof board, and a waterproof roll material layer is pasted on the inner side of the structural wallboard. The structural wallboard serves as an outer template of the waterproof board to form an outer pasting of the waterproof roll material layer when pouring the waterproof board; The structural wall panels are fixed to the supporting structure via angle steels; The outer surface of the structural wallboard is flush with the outer surfaces of the crown beam and the waist beam; A waterproof coiled material layer is arranged on the upper surface of the concrete cushion layer.

2. A waterproof board adapted for permanent support of foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof board is a reinforced concrete structure.

3. A waterproof board adapted for permanent support of foundation pit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the waterproof board structure is not less than 250mm.

4. A construction method of a waterproof board adapted for permanent support of a foundation pit as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Set up a flat vertical structural wall panel, and stick the waterproof membrane to the surface of the structural wall panel; then use the structural wall panel as the outer template of the waterproof board, and stick the waterproof membrane layer to the outside when pouring the waterproof board.

5. The construction method of a waterproof board adapted for permanent support of a foundation pit according to claim 4, characterized in that: First, the permanent supporting structure is constructed, and then the concrete cushion layer and the waterproof membrane layer on the surface of the concrete cushion layer are constructed; then the structural wall panels are installed, and the waterproof membrane layer is constructed on the surface of the structural wall panels, crown beams and waist beams; then the waterproof board is poured.

6. A construction method of a waterproof board adapted for permanent support of a foundation pit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The waterproof board extends along the concrete cushion layer to the supporting structure, is connected to the supporting structure, bends upward and extends to the ground.

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