Multi-channel distributed phase shifter and base station antenna

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of communication devices, and in particular to a multi-channel distributed phase shifter and a base station antenna. The multi-channel distributed phase shifter includes multiple phase shifters, one of which serves as a primary phase shifter, and the remaining phase shifters serve as secondary phase shifters. The input end of the primary phase shifter is connected to a feed source, the output end of the primary phase shifter is connected to the input end of the secondary phase shifter or an antenna element, and the output end of the secondary phase shifter is connected to an antenna element. The total number of output ends of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter is the sum of the antenna elements connected to the primary phase shifter and the antenna elements connected to the secondary phase shifter. Embodiments of the present invention can conveniently expand the number of output ports of a sector phase shifter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication devices, and in particular to a multi-channel distributed phase shifter and a base station antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the development of wireless communication technology, base station electrically tilted antennas are widely used. Phase shifters, as one of the key components, significantly impact antenna size, performance, and cost. Currently, the mainstream phase shifters are sector phase shifters and cavity phase shifters. Sector phase shifters are relatively low-cost. Mechanically adjusting the rotation angle of the sector phase shifter changes the phase of each element in the antenna array, forming an antenna pattern with a corresponding downtilt angle.

[0003] In related technologies, due to space limitations, the number of output ports of traditional sector-shaped phase shifters generally does not exceed seven. How to conveniently expand the number of output ports of sector-shaped phase shifters under the premise of space limitations has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-channel distributed phase shifter and a base station antenna, aiming to conveniently expand the number of output ports of the sector-shaped phase shifter by reducing the longitudinal space of the sector-shaped phase shifter.

[0005] In a first aspect, a multi-channel distributed phase shifter is provided. The multi-channel distributed phase shifter includes multiple phase shifters, one of which serves as a primary phase shifter and the remaining phase shifters serve as secondary phase shifters. The output of the primary phase shifter is connected to the input of the secondary phase shifter or an antenna element, and the output of the secondary phase shifter is connected to the antenna element.

[0006] The total number of output terminals of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter is the sum of the antenna element connected to the first-level phase shifter and the antenna element connected to the second-level phase shifter.

[0007] In some embodiments, the multi-channel distributed phase shifter further includes a substrate and a transmission rod;

[0008] The phase shifter includes a fixedly connected rotating slide and a sector gear, wherein the rotating slide has a mounting end and a free end, wherein the mounting end is rotatably connected to the base plate, and the free end is fixedly connected to the sector gear;

[0009] A plurality of phase shifting circuits are provided on the upper surface of the substrate, and the plurality of phase shifting circuits are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sector gears of the plurality of phase shifters;

[0010] The transmission pull rod is transversely arranged on the base plate and has a plurality of transmission gears, and the plurality of transmission gears are respectively meshed and connected with the sector gears of the plurality of phase shifters in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0011] When the transmission pull rod moves laterally, it drives the sector gear to rotate around the rotating slide to adjust the phases of the multiple phase shift circuits.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first microstrip line is provided on the substrate, and the first microstrip line is used to connect various phase shift circuits.

[0013] In some embodiments, the radius of each sector gear is uniform.

[0014] In some embodiments, the phase shift circuit corresponding to the sector gear of the first-stage phase shifter adopts a microstrip line with a slow-wave structure.

[0015] In some embodiments, the output end of the first-stage phase shifter is further connected to the antenna element via a second microstrip line, and a single-sided copper-clad plate is bonded to the upper surface of the second microstrip line.

[0016] In some embodiments, a green oil layer is provided on the upper surface of the substrate in a region opposite to the rotating slide.

[0017] In some embodiments, a copper cladding layer is provided on the upper surface of the rotating slide.

[0018] In some embodiments, the rotating slide includes a coupling plate, and a first coupling line and a second coupling line are provided on the surface of the coupling plate opposite to the substrate. The first coupling line is shaped as an arc opposite to the phase shift circuit, and one end of the second coupling line is connected to the microstrip line on the substrate, and the other end is connected to the middle of the first coupling line.

[0019] In a second aspect, a base station antenna is provided, comprising the multi-channel distributed phase shifter described in any one of the first aspects.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a distributed method is used to improve the multi-port sector-shaped phase shifter. By cascading a first-stage phase shifter and a second-stage phase shifter, the lateral space of the sector-shaped phase shifter is utilized, the longitudinal space of the sector-shaped phase shifter is reduced, and the design process is simplified and the design difficulty is reduced, thereby conveniently expanding the number of output ports of the sector-shaped phase shifter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a phase shifter in the related art provided by an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another phase shifter in the related art provided by an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a distributed phase shifter provided by an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a one-to-eleven distributed phase shifter provided by an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a front view of a one-to-eleven distributed phase shifter provided by an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6 Yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the phase shift degree of each output end after the center frequency point is balanced;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a microstrip line structure with a single-sided copper-clad plate in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the phase shift at each output end after a coupled line structure is added to the input end of a first-stage phase shifter in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating slide in one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a copper layer is provided on the upper surface of a rotating slide;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of improving the standing wave ratio after a copper layer is provided on the upper surface of a rotating slide in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0033] In the description of this invention, "several" means an indefinite quantity, "plurality" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, and may include elements not expressly listed, in addition to the listed elements.

[0035] First, let’s analyze some of the terms used in this application:

[0036] A phase shifter is a device that adjusts the phase of a wave. It's a core component of an antenna. By altering the phase of the signal reaching the antenna, it changes the antenna's directivity pattern, thereby enabling remote control of the network's coverage area.

[0037] Traditional sector phase shifters usually have one output terminal or fewer than seven output terminals. There are two related phase shifter structures:

[0038] First, as Figure 1 As shown, taking the one-to-eleven-port phase shifter in the related art as an example, Figure 1 The × in the figure represents the antenna element. As the number of ports increases, the impedance at the end of the sector-shaped phase shifter decreases, resulting in a thicker low-impedance matching section at the input, further increasing the vertical dimension. As the number of cascaded ports increases, impedance matching within the extremely limited vertical space significantly increases the design difficulty and complexity, making it difficult to create a broadband, high-performance phase shifter. These factors limit the number of output ports required to implement this cascaded sector-shaped phase shifter in related technologies.

[0039] Second, if Figure 2 As shown, taking the phase shifter with 11 output terminals as an example, Figure 2 The × in the figure also represents an antenna element. The two antenna elements are connected by a two-power splitter. A 7-port phase shifter with a large phase shift amount is used to connect five one-to-two two-power splitters for expansion. The disadvantage is that when the number of elements is large, the two elements connected by the power splitter expansion have a fixed phase difference, resulting in a lower gain of the antenna unit and worse sidelobe compared to the one-to-one form (one output end of the phase shifter is connected to the antenna unit and the other output end is connected to the element).

[0040] It can be seen that the number of output ports of traditional sector-shaped phase shifters generally does not exceed seven. The main limiting factors are: the arc radius of each phase shifter in the sector-shaped phase shifter is proportional to the number of ports. When the number of ports is too large, the longitudinal dimension is too large, and most antennas are rectangular structures and lack longitudinal space.

[0041] Based on this, the present invention provides a multi-channel distributed phase shifter and a base station antenna. Based on the principles of array antennas and sector phase shifters, a distributed approach is adopted to improve the multi-port sector phase shifter, which greatly reduces the longitudinal space, simplifies the design process, and reduces the design difficulty.

[0042] like Figure 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-channel distributed phase shifter, which includes multiple phase shifters, one of which serves as a primary phase shifter 10, and the remaining phase shifters serve as secondary phase shifters 20. The output end of the primary phase shifter 10 is connected to the input end of the secondary phase shifter 20 or the antenna element, and the output end of the secondary phase shifter 20 is connected to the antenna element.

[0043] The total number of output terminals of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter is the sum of the antenna element connected to the primary phase shifter 10 and the antenna element connected to the secondary phase shifter 20 .

[0044] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the output end of the first-level phase shifter 10 is used to connect to the input end of the second-level phase shifter 20 or the antenna element, and the output end of the second-level phase shifter 20 is used to connect to the antenna element. The number of first-level phase shifters 10 can only be one, and the number of second-level phase shifters 20 is at least one.

[0045] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, the number of output ports is not limited; more or fewer output ports can be used, provided the space within the multi-channel distributed phase shifter permits. The embodiments provided by the present invention are highly scalable. By calculating and setting different arc radius ratios, a multi-port phase shifter can be decomposed into simpler phase shifters. When a multi-channel distributed phase shifter is to be fabricated, appropriate primary phase shifters 10 and secondary phase shifters 20 are selected based on the total number of output ports of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter, such that the sum of the number of output ports of the primary phase shifter 10 and the number of output ports of the secondary phase shifter 20 equals the total number of output ports of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter.

[0046] For example, a 1-to-9 phase shifter can be decomposed into two 1-to-4 phase shifters and one 1-to-3 phase shifter, a 1-to-10 phase shifter can be decomposed into two 1-to-5 phase shifters and one 1-to-2 phase shifter, and a 1-to-12 phase shifter can be decomposed into two 1-to-6 phase shifters and one 1-to-2 phase shifter. By reducing the size of the intermediate phase shifters with a slow-wave structure, a series of products can be produced, which has great application prospects.

[0047] Reference again Figure 3Taking a one-to-eleven phase shifter as an example, if the total number of output terminals of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter is 11, that is, a one-to-eleven phase shifter, the one-to-eleven phase shifter can be decomposed according to the array antenna principle. Then, a one-to-three phase shifter can be selected as the first-level phase shifter 10, and two one-to-five phase shifters can be selected as the second-level phase shifter 20. The antenna array of eleven units is divided into three units. One of the output terminals of the one-to-three phase shifter is connected to the antenna element, and the other two output terminals are connected to the two one-to-five phase shifters. All the output terminals of the two one-to-five phase shifters are connected to the antenna element. Then, the three phase shifters are connected to one antenna element, five antenna elements, and five antenna elements respectively, for a total of eleven antenna elements, realizing the one-to-eleven phase shifter function.

[0048] Using the embodiments of the present invention, a complex one-to-eleven phase shifter is reduced to a simple one-to-five phase shifter and a simple one-to-three power splitter. Compared to the traditional one-to-eleven phase shifter, this significantly reduces the vertical space while sacrificing some lateral space (for most base station electrically tilted antennas, lateral space is much larger than vertical space). Furthermore, the longitudinal space for impedance matching is significantly increased, making it easier to achieve broadband phase shifter performance. When the appropriate radius ratio is set and the three phase shifters slide synchronously, the equivalent one-to-eleven phase shifter power splitter is achieved.

[0049] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the multi-channel distributed phase shifter further includes a substrate 200 and a transmission rod 300;

[0050] The phase shifter includes a fixedly connected rotating slide 110 and a sector gear 120. The rotating slide 110 has a mounting end 111 and a free end 112. The mounting end 111 is rotatably connected to the base plate 200, and the free end 112 is fixedly connected to the sector gear 120.

[0051] A plurality of phase shifting circuits 210 are disposed on the upper surface of the substrate 200 , and the plurality of phase shifting circuits 210 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of sector gears 120 of the phase shifters;

[0052] The transmission rod 300 is horizontally disposed on the base plate 200 and has a plurality of transmission gears 310 . The plurality of transmission gears 310 are respectively meshed and connected with the sector gears 120 of the plurality of phase shifters in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0053] When the transmission rod 300 moves laterally, it drives the sector gear 120 to rotate around the rotating slide 110 to adjust the phases of the plurality of phase shift circuits 210 .

[0054] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of phase-shifting circuits 210 corresponding to the sector gears 120 are provided on the upper surface of the substrate 200. The rotating slide 110 is used to feed an input signal. The mounting end 111 of the rotating slide 110 is used to receive the input signal, and the free end 112 of the rotating slide 110 is used to feed the input signal to the phase-shifting circuit 210 on the substrate 200. The input signal fed from the rotating slide 110 can be capacitively coupled to the phase-shifting circuit 210 on the substrate 200. The sector gear 120 can rotate to change each component of the input signal, thereby applying a phase gradient to the output end.

[0055] In some embodiments, the rotating slide 110 and the sector gear 120 are fixedly connected by a snap-fitting manner. When the transmission pull rod 300 moves laterally, it drives the rotating slide 110 and the sector gear 120 to rotate synchronously.

[0056] In some embodiments, a first microstrip line 221 is provided on the substrate 200 , and the first microstrip line 221 is used to connect the phase shift circuits 210 .

[0057] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the first microstrip line 221 is provided on the substrate 200, and the output end of the primary phase shift circuit 210 is connected to the input end of the secondary phase shift circuit 210 via the first microstrip line 221. The output end of the primary phase shift circuit 210 and the output end of the secondary phase shift circuit 210 are both connected to the antenna element via the first microstrip line 221.

[0058] The multi-channel distributed phase shifter designed according to the technical solution provided in the above embodiment has the following structural problems: when the centers of the rotating slides 110 are on a straight line, the radius of the first-stage phase shifter 10 is also the largest due to its maximum phase shift amount, which makes the transmission structure design complex.

[0059] To address this issue, in some embodiments, the radius of each sector gear 120 is consistent.

[0060] In some embodiments, the phase shift circuit 210 corresponding to the sector gear 120 of the first-stage phase shifter 10 uses a microstrip line with a slow-wave structure.

[0061] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, to ensure the consistent radius of each sector gear 120, the phase shifting circuit 210 corresponding to the sector gear 120 of the first-stage phase shifter 10 employs a suitable slow-wave structure to shorten the radius of the microstrip line at that location, bringing it closer to the radius of the sector gears 120 on either side. The slow-wave structure employed in the embodiment provided by the present application is 23% shorter than that of a conventional microstrip line. This allows the transmission gears 310 to be aligned, and the center of each phase shifter's rotating slide 110 to lie on a line parallel to the transmission rod 300, thereby reducing design complexity.

[0062] In some embodiments, the phase shifting circuit 210 corresponding to the sector gear 120 of the primary phase shifter 10 serves as the primary phase shifting circuit 210; the phase shifting circuit 210 corresponding to the sector gear 120 of the secondary phase shifter 20 serves as the secondary phase shifting circuit 210; the input end of the primary phase shifting circuit 210 serves as the input end of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter, the output end of the primary phase shifting circuit 210 connected to the antenna element serves as the output end of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter; and the output end of the secondary phase shifting circuit 210 serves as the output end of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter.

[0063] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the first-level phase shift circuit 210 adopts a microstrip line with a slow-wave structure. The use of a microstrip line with a slow-wave structure can reduce the radius of the phase shift circuit 210. By setting a reasonable slow-wave structure, the radius of the sector gear 120 relative to the phase shift circuit 210 is reduced, so that the radii of each sector gear 120 tend to be consistent.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 5 The phase of the 11 output terminals of the phase shifter shown in the figure is measured. At this time, within the operating frequency band, the phase difference between the output terminal of the first-stage phase shifter 10 and the output terminal of the second-stage phase shifter 20 at the lowest frequency and the highest frequency reaches 29.2°. That is to say, after designing a multi-channel distributed phase shifter according to the technical solution provided in the above embodiment, taking the one-to-eleven phase shifter provided in the above embodiment as an example, the phase offset of the output terminal connected to the antenna element in the first-stage phase shifter 10 will be too large. This will seriously affect the direction of different frequency points. Figure 1 Consistency.

[0065] After analysis, it was found that the problem was caused by the output end of the secondary phase shifter 20 passing through at least one or two coupling sections, resulting in phase deviation. The output end of the primary phase shifter 10 connected to the antenna element was a straight-through port and did not pass through any coupling section.

[0066] In some embodiments, the output end of the first-stage phase shifter 10 is further connected to the antenna element via a second microstrip line 222 , and a single-sided copper clad plate 230 is bonded to the upper surface of the second microstrip line 222 .

[0067] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, in order to solve the electrical performance problem, a second microstrip line 222 structure capable of balancing the phase is adopted. The structure of the second microstrip line 222 is as follows: Figure 7 As shown. The second microstrip line 222 is an I-shaped structure, and the rectangular portion is a single-sided copper-clad plate 230 pressed on the second microstrip line 222. The second microstrip line 222 and the single-sided copper-clad plate 230 form a phase-balanced structure, which improves the phase offset between ports within the operating frequency band. After the coupled line structure is added to the output end of the first-stage phase shifter 10 connected to the antenna element, the port phase difference is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the phase difference is 19.2° at this time. If there is enough space to fine-tune the structure, the phase difference can be further reduced, thereby improving the direction of different frequency points. Figure 1 consistency, reducing the difficulty of debugging the performance of the entire device's directional pattern.

[0068] In some embodiments, a green oil layer is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate 200 in an area opposite to the rotating slide 110 .

[0069] It should be noted that in the embodiment provided by the present invention, a green oil layer is provided on the upper surface of the substrate 200, which can play an insulating role. The rotating slide 110 corresponding to the first-level phase shifter 10 is insulated from the substrate 200 below, and the signal is transmitted there through spatial coupling. Spatial coupling means that after the signal energy enters the input end of the first-level phase shifter 10, a part of it is output to the output end of the first-level phase shifter 10 connected to the antenna element, and the other part is output to the second-level phase shifter 20.

[0070] refer to Figure 9 In some embodiments, the rotating slide 110 includes a coupling plate 113. A first coupling line 114 and a second coupling line 115 are provided on a surface of the coupling plate 113 opposite to the substrate 200. The first coupling line 114 is shaped as an arc opposite to the phase shift circuit 210. One end of the second coupling line 115 is connected to the first microstrip line 221 on the substrate 200, and the other end is connected to the middle of the first coupling line 114.

[0071] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, one end of the second coupling line 115 is connected to the first microstrip line 221 on the substrate 200, and receives the input signal fed by the first microstrip line 221, and the other end is connected to the middle part of the first coupling line 114, and the input signal is coupled to the phase shift circuit 210 on the substrate 200 through the second coupling line 115.

[0072] After designing a multi-channel distributed phase shifter according to the technical solution provided in the above embodiment, actual measurements of the output end of the first-stage phase shifter 10 revealed that when a metal object was suspended near the rotating slider 110, the network analyzer's standing wave ratio curve fluctuated dramatically, indicating that energy was radiating outward from the output end of the first-stage phase shifter 10.

[0073] After analysis, it was found that the problem was caused by excessive energy at the branch port of the output end of the first-stage phase shifter 10, and the rotating slide 110 and the substrate 200 there were not pressed tightly enough, which would cause outward radiation and lead to a worse standing wave ratio.

[0074] refer to Figure 10 In some embodiments, a copper clad layer 116 is provided on the upper surface of the rotating slide 110 .

[0075] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the standing wave is improved by providing a copper-clad layer 116 on the upper surface of the rotating slide 110. It should be noted that after the copper cladding, the line segment (second coupling line 115) provided on the surface opposite to the substrate 200 on the original rotating slide 110 needs to be thinned to re-match the standing wave ratio. The copper-clad layer 116 provided on the upper surface of the rotating slide 110 can play a shielding role, reducing the influence of the structural parts above the rotating slide 110 on it; and increasing the thickness of the rotating slide 110 to make the pressing tighter. Ultimately, the standing wave ratio is greatly improved, and the degree of improvement in the standing wave ratio can be seen. Figure 11 .

[0076] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a base station antenna is proposed, which includes the above-mentioned multi-channel distributed phase shifter. The specific structure of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter refers to the above-mentioned embodiment. Since the base station antenna of the present invention adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0077] In summary, the multi-channel distributed phase shifter and base station antenna provided by the present invention utilize a cascaded primary and secondary phase shifters, utilizing the lateral space of the sector-shaped phase shifter while reducing its longitudinal space. This significantly increases the longitudinal space available for impedance matching, making it easier to achieve broadband phase shifter performance. The embodiments of the present invention simplify the design process and reduce design difficulty, thereby conveniently expanding the number of output ports of the sector-shaped phase shifter.

[0078] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0079] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions shown in the drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention, and the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the description of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0080] It should be understood that in the present invention, "at least one (item)" refers to one or more, and "plurality" refers to two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0081] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereby. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the invention should be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel distributed phase shifter, characterized in that: The multi-channel distributed phase shifter includes a plurality of phase shifters, one of which serves as a primary phase shifter and the remaining phase shifters serve as secondary phase shifters. The output of the primary phase shifter is connected to the input of the secondary phase shifter or the antenna element, and the output of the secondary phase shifter is connected to the antenna element. The total number of output terminals of the multi-channel distributed phase shifter is the sum of the antenna elements connected to the primary phase shifter and the antenna elements connected to the secondary phase shifter; The multi-channel distributed phase shifter further includes a substrate and a transmission rod; The phase shifter includes a rotating slide and a sector gear, wherein the rotating slide has a mounting end and a free end, wherein the mounting end is rotatably connected to the base plate, and the free end is fixedly connected to the sector gear; A plurality of phase shifting circuits are provided on the upper surface of the substrate, and the plurality of phase shifting circuits are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sector gears of the plurality of phase shifters; The transmission pull rod is transversely arranged on the base plate and has a plurality of transmission gears, and the plurality of transmission gears are respectively meshed and connected with the sector gears of the plurality of phase shifters in a one-to-one correspondence; When the transmission pull rod moves laterally, it drives the sector gear to rotate around the rotating slide to adjust the phases of the multiple phase shift circuits; The phase shift circuit corresponding to the sector gear of the first-stage phase shifter adopts a microstrip line with a slow-wave structure; The output end of the first-stage phase shifter is further connected to the antenna element via a second microstrip line, wherein a single-sided copper-clad plate is laminated on the upper surface of the second microstrip line, and the second microstrip line and the single-sided copper-clad plate form a phase-balanced structure; The rotating slide includes a coupling plate, and a first coupling line and a second coupling line are provided on the surface of the coupling plate opposite to the substrate. The first coupling line is shaped like an arc opposite to the phase shift circuit, and one end of the second coupling line is connected to the microstrip line on the substrate, and the other end is connected to the middle of the first coupling line.

2. The multi-channel distributed phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first microstrip line is provided on the substrate, and the first microstrip line is used to connect various phase shift circuits.

3. The multi-channel distributed phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein: The radius of each sector gear is consistent.

4. The multi-channel distributed phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein: A green oil layer is provided in a region of the upper surface of the substrate opposite to the rotating slide.

5. The multi-channel distributed phase shifter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the rotating slide is provided with a copper cladding layer.

6. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The multi-channel distributed phase shifter comprises the multi-channel distributed phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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