Polymers and products or articles comprising or consisting of such polymers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a polymer having a main chain, wherein the main chain comprises linear amide bonds and a heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom, wherein the main chain does not contain peptide bonds, or wherein, based on the total number of linear amide bonds in the main chain, the proportion of peptide bonds in the main chain is at most 30%, and wherein, based on the total weight of the polymer, the proportion of the heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom is from 5% by weight to 25% by weight. The present invention also relates to a product or article and the use of the polymer for manufacturing or producing the product or article.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a polymer having a main chain comprising linear amide bonds and a nitrogen atom-containing hetero-monocyclic moiety. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a product or article, in particular an elongated product or article comprising or consisting of said polymer, such as a trimming line. Background Art

[0002] Polymers applied to, for example, elongated products or articles such as trimming lines are well known.

[0003] For example, it is known to use non-biodegradable plastics to manufacture trimming lines. However, the durability and strength of such plastics are disadvantageous as they are difficult to handle and tend to persist in the environment for an extremely long time. Most conventional plastics typically contain petroleum-based materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene, or alternatively polyamides such as polyamide 6 or 66. These plastics are resistant to biodegradation, resulting in solid waste that is harmful to the natural environment in landfills.

[0004] In order to reduce ecological damage, biodegradable plastics based on polyamides have been developed. For example, a biodegradable polyamide-based composition suitable as a trimming line is known from EP 2842 406 A1. The biodegradable polyamide-based composition includes amino acid units substantially uniformly dispersed within a polyamide matrix.

[0005] A polymer blend suitable as a trimming line is known from WO 2013 / 057748 A1. The polymer blend contains polyamide 6 added with a plasticizer, copolyamide 6 / 66, an additive for promoting biodegradability, and a dye.

[0006] Conventional biodegradable polymer materials generally suffer from the following disadvantages: Their biodegradation performance can only be achieved by simultaneously losing mechanical strength. Another disadvantage of conventional biodegradable polymers is that they generally can only degrade into microplastics, which will still result in the environmental accumulation of plastics anyway.

[0007] Objectives and Solutions

[0008] Therefore, in view of the above situation, a potential objective of the present invention is to provide a polymer that at least partially overcomes the above disadvantages, in particular to provide an environmentally friendly polymer having biodegradable characteristics and at the same time having sufficient mechanical strength (such as tensile strength). Furthermore, an objective of the present invention is to provide a product or article comprising or consisting of such a polymer.

[0009] The above object is achieved by a polymer according to independent claim 1 and a product or article according to claim 17. Preferred embodiments of the polymer and the product or article are defined in the dependent claims. The subject matter and the terms of all claims are hereby incorporated by express reference into the description, respectively.

[0010] According to a first aspect, the present invention relates to a polymer having a main chain (i.e., the polymer main chain) (i.e., containing or consisting of the same), wherein the main chain contains or comprises a linear amide linkage (linear amide bond) and a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom. Thus, both the linear amide linkage and the hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom are part of the polymer main chain.

[0011] The main chain of the polymer does not contain peptide bonds. Alternatively, based on the total number of linear amide bonds in the polymer main chain, the proportion of peptide bonds in the polymer main chain is at most 30% (i.e., >0% to 30%), especially at most 25% (i.e., >0% to 25%).

[0012] A particular feature of the polymer is that, based on the total weight of the polymer, the proportion of the hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom is 5% by weight to 25% by weight, especially 5% by weight to ≤20% by weight, preferably 5% by weight to <20% by weight, more preferably 5% by weight to 17% by weight, particularly preferably 5% by weight to 15% by weight.

[0013] In particular, based on the total weight of the polymer, the proportion of the hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom can be 10% by weight to 25% by weight, especially 10% by weight to ≤20% by weight, preferably 10% by weight to <20% by weight, more preferably 10% by weight to 17% by weight, particularly preferably 10% by weight to 15% by weight.

[0014] Preferably, the polymer is a thermoplastic polymer.

[0015] Primarily, the polymer can be a random copolymer or a block copolymer. Preferably, the polymer is a random copolymer.

[0016] As used in accordance with the present invention, the terms "main chain" or "polymer main chain" respectively refer to the longest series of covalently bonded atoms that together form a continuous chain of the polymer. Thus, as used in accordance with the present invention, the terms "main chain" or "polymer main chain" can be defined as the main chain to which all other chains (if any, long or short or both) can be considered to be attached.

[0017] Preferably, the main chain of the polymer is a linear main chain, i.e., a main chain that is not covalently bonded or connected to any side chain. In other words, preferably, the main chain does not contain any side chains. More preferably, the polymer itself is a linear polymer.

[0018] Furthermore, the polymer may preferably be an uncrosslinked or non-crosslinkable polymer, or may preferably not be in a crosslinked state.

[0019] In an alternative, the main chain of the polymer may be a substantially linear main chain.

[0020] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "substantially linear main chain" refers to a main chain covalently bonded or linked to side chains having a molecular weight of ≤500 Da, particularly 15 Da to 500 Da. The side chains may be unbranched, branched, non-cyclic or acyclic. In addition, the side chains may be aliphatic, particularly alkyl and / or alkenyl and / or alkinyl, and / or arylic groups. In addition, the side chains may be heteroatom-containing groups. Preferably, the side chains are covalently linked to a heteromonocyclic structure of a heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom. In particular, the side chains covalently linked to the heteromonocyclic structure of the heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom are the only side chains of the polymer main chain.

[0021] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "linear amide bond" refers to an amide bond that is not part of a ring structure (particularly a heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom or any other (hetero)cyclic moiety). Preferably, the nitrogen atom of each linear amide bond is bonded to a hydrogen atom, i.e., bears a hydrogen atom as a substituent.

[0022] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "peptide bond" refers to an amide-type covalent chemical bond that connects two consecutive α-amino acids along a peptide chain or protein chain between the carboxyl group of one α-amino acid and the amino group of the α-carbon atom of another α-amino acid.

[0023] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom" refers to a moiety having one (i.e., only one or the sole) ring structure (i.e., comprising or consisting of it), more precisely, an organic moiety, the ring structure of which has at least one ring-forming nitrogen atom. Preferably, the ring structure has one or two ring-forming nitrogen atoms, particularly only one or two. In particular, as used in accordance with the present invention, the term "heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom" refers to a heteromonocyclic moiety containing at least one nitrogen atom. In addition, at least one nitrogen atom of the heteromonocyclic moiety may be substituted or unsubstituted, i.e., may bear a substituent or be unsubstituted. If at least one nitrogen atom bears a substituent, the substituent is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methylene group. More preferably, the heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom does not contain any heteroatoms other than nitrogen atoms. In particular, the heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom does not contain one or more oxygen atoms and / or does not contain one or more sulfur atoms. As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom" may also be referred to as "heteromonocyclic moiety containing (i.e., which contains) at least one nitrogen atom".

[0024] Furthermore, the nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety according to the present invention may be a saturated nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety and / or an unsaturated nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety, especially aromatic or acrylic.

[0025] As used according to the present invention, the term "at least one ring-forming nitrogen atom" refers to at least one nitrogen atom that forms a ring structure together with other atoms (preferably carbon atoms).

[0026] The present invention particularly relies on the following unexpected findings: The degradation properties of the polymer (such as the degradation rate and / or degradation conditions), as well as the mechanical strength properties (such as the tensile strength) can be favorably adjusted by the proportion of the nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety along the polymer backbone, and in particular by the nature and / or position and / or orientation and / or spacing of the nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety. Advantageously, the nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety represents a more polar water-attracting point via at least one of its nitrogen atoms and causes the cleavage of the backbone in a controlled manner in different habitats (such as soil). The biodegradation characteristics of the polymer can be further optimized by the presence, position, and orientation of the linear amide bonds along the polymer backbone. Therefore, the polymers according to the present invention are particularly suitable for manufacturing products or articles that are exposed to or can be exposed to moisture and / or water and / or have a large surface area capable of reacting with moisture and water. In particular in this regard, the polymers promote a targeted and thus application-dependent balance between biodegradation on the one hand and mechanical strength on the other hand. Due to their biodegradable properties and furthermore sufficient mechanical properties, the polymers advantageously contribute to the reduction of environmental pollution without compromising the application-dependent functions of the products and articles. In particular, the polymers can advantageously have processable characteristics, especially in terms of the melting point and / or viscosity (which can be comparable to those of conventional polyamides).

[0027] Therefore, the polymers according to the present invention are biodegradable polymers.

[0028] As used according to the present invention, the term "biodegradable polymer" refers to a polymer that is at least partially, especially only partially or completely biodegradable.

[0029] As used according to the present invention, the term "biodegradable" or "biodegradation" refers to any physical or chemical change of the polymer caused by any environmental factor including light, heat, moisture, wind, chemical conditions, or biological activity. Generally, as a result of the action of water and / or living organisms and / or enzymes, the polymers of the present invention are degraded into carbon dioxide, water, and biomass.

[0030] Preferably, the polymers according to the present invention are polymers that are biodegradable (especially hydrolyzable) into low-molecular and naturally occurring compounds (such as water, carbon dioxide, etc.).

[0031] Furthermore, due to the biodegradable nature of the polymer, advantageously, the additional use of additives that promote biodegradation is not necessary. Thus, the polymer preferably does not contain any additives that promote biodegradation.

[0032] Preferably, in addition to the hetero monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer does not contain any heterocyclic moieties, especially any acrylic moieties. In particular, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may not contain a heterocyclic moiety containing an oxygen atom and / or a sulfur atom, i.e., a heterocyclic moiety containing (i.e., it contains) at least one oxygen atom and / or at least one sulfur atom.

[0033] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "heterocyclic moiety containing an oxygen atom" refers to a moiety having a ring structure (i.e., comprising it or consisting of it), more precisely, an organic moiety, and the ring structure has at least one oxygen atom forming the ring.

[0034] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "at least one oxygen atom forming the ring" refers to at least one oxygen atom that, together with other atoms (preferably carbon atoms), forms a ring structure.

[0035] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "heterocyclic moiety containing a sulfur atom" refers to a moiety having a ring structure (i.e., comprising it or consisting of it), more precisely, an organic moiety, and the ring structure has at least one sulfur atom forming the ring.

[0036] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "at least one sulfur atom forming the ring" refers to at least one sulfur atom that, together with other atoms (preferably carbon atoms), forms a ring structure.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the main chain of the polymer further contains or comprises a linear ester linkage (linear ester bond). Advantageously, the additional presence of linear ester linkages along the polymer main chain helps to further optimize the biodegradation characteristics of the polymer. In particular, incorporating linear ester linkages into the polymer main chain can further fine-tune the chain scission of the main chain in a controlled manner.

[0038] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "linear ester linkage" refers to an ester linkage that is not part of a ring structure (especially a hetero monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom or any other (hetero)cyclic moiety).

[0039] Preferably, based on the total weight of the polymer, the proportion of the linear ester linkage may be from 0.5 wt% to 25 wt%, especially from 1 wt% to 20 wt%, preferably from 3 wt% to 15 wt%.

[0040] Alternatively, the main chain of the polymer may preferably not contain a linear ester linkage, especially an ester linkage in general.

[0041] In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the total weight of the polymer, the proportion of linear amide bonds is from 1% to 25% by weight, in particular from 5% to 25% by weight, preferably from 10% to 25% by weight.

[0042] Generally, the main chain of the polymer further contains or comprises a spacer moiety. Advantageously, the spacer moiety contributes to the mechanical strength of the polymer, in particular the tensile strength. In particular, the mechanical strength of the polymer, in particular the tensile strength, can be adjusted in a targeted and thus application-dependent manner by the length and / or by the position and / or by the frequency of the spacer moiety along the main chain of the polymer.

[0043] As used according to the present invention, the term "spacer moiety" means a moiety that separates linear amide bonds and / or heteromonocyclic moieties containing nitrogen atoms and / or optional linear ester bonds from each other, more precisely, an organic moiety. Preferably, the heteromonocyclic moieties containing nitrogen atoms are separated from each other via the spacer moiety.

[0044] Preferably, the spacer moiety is a linear moiety.

[0045] More preferably, the spacer moiety is an aliphatic moiety. For example, the spacer moiety may be selected from alkylene moieties, alkenylene moieties, alkinylene moieties and combinations of at least two of the above spacer moieties. Thus, the main chain of the polymer may also contain different spacer moieties. An aliphatic spacer moiety is particularly preferred.

[0046] Furthermore, the main chain of the polymer may be free of acrylic spacer moieties. Alternatively or in combination, the main chain of the polymer may be free of alkenylene moieties and / or alkinylene moieties.

[0047] More preferably, the spacer moiety is an alkylene moiety and the main chain of the polymer is free of any additional spacer moieties.

[0048] The spacer moiety may have a carbon chain or a chain of carbon atoms, in particular a linear carbon chain or a linear chain of carbon atoms, which contains from 1 to 12 carbon atoms. In particular, the carbon chain or chain of carbon atoms may contain from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, in particular from 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0049] Furthermore, by using small spacer moieties (i.e., spacer moieties having a small carbon chain or carbon chain length), the hydrophilicity of the polymer can be advantageously further improved, and thus its biodegradability can be improved. Therefore, the spacer moiety can have a carbon chain or a chain of carbon atoms, in particular a linear carbon chain or a linear chain of carbon atoms, which contains from 2 to 5 carbon atoms. Among them, for example, 2-aminoethanol and / or 1,5-diaminopentane can be used to synthesize the polymer. Generally speaking, this advantageously represents another way to achieve a fine-tuning balance between the biodegradability of the polymer and sufficient mechanical strength.

[0050] In addition, the melting point of the polymer can also be favorably affected by the carbon chain length or the chain length of the carbon atoms of the spacer moiety. Generally speaking, the smaller the even carbon chain length or the chain length of the carbon atoms of the spacer moiety, the higher the melting point of the polymer.

[0051] In addition, the main chain of the polymer may preferably contain or include spacer moieties that are different in terms of their carbon chain length or the chain length of the carbon atoms. In particular, the main chain of the polymer may include spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and / or spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and / or spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and / or spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

[0052] More preferably, at least some, in particular only some or all of the linear amide bonds and / or optional linear ester bonds are flanked (in particular immediately flanked) by at least one (in particular only one or two) spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, two spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 2 to 10 carbon atoms or one spacer moiety having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and one spacer moiety having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0053] Even more preferably, at least some, in particular only some or all of the nitrogen atom-containing hetero-monocyclic moieties are flanked (in particular immediately flanked) by at least one (in particular only one or two) spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, two spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or one spacer moiety having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and one spacer moiety having a carbon chain length or a chain length of carbon atoms from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

[0054] More preferably, at least some, particularly only some or all of the spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or carbon atom chain length of from 2 to 12 carbon atoms are flanked (particularly immediately flanked) by two linear amide bonds, two optional linear ester bonds, or one linear amide bond and one optional linear ester bond.

[0055] More preferably, at least some, particularly only some or all of the spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or carbon atom chain length of from 2 to 10 carbon atoms are flanked (particularly immediately flanked) by two linear amide bonds, two optional linear ester bonds, or one linear amide bond and one optional linear ester bond.

[0056] More preferably, at least some, particularly only some or all of the spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or carbon atom chain length of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms are flanked (particularly immediately flanked) by one linear amide bond and a nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety, or one optional linear ester bond and a nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety.

[0057] More preferably, at least some, particularly only some or all of the spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or carbon atom chain length of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms are flanked (particularly immediately flanked) by one linear amide bond and a nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety, or one optional linear ester bond and a nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety.

[0058] In addition, based on the total weight of the polymer, the proportion of the spacer moiety can be from 25% by weight to 95% by weight, particularly from 50% by weight to 90% by weight, preferably from 60% by weight to 80% by weight.

[0059] In another embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moiety is selected from a pyrrolidone moiety, a pyridine moiety, a pyrazine moiety, a pyrimidine moiety, a pyrrolidone derivative moiety, a pyridine derivative moiety, a pyrazine derivative moiety, a pyrimidine derivative moiety, and a combination of at least two of the above nitrogen atom-containing heteromonocyclic moieties.

[0060] In addition, the backbone of the polymer may be free of a piperazine moiety and / or a piperazine derivative moiety.

[0061] In addition, the backbone of the polymer may be free of a cyclic imide moiety, particularly a five-membered cyclic imide moiety, and / or a cyclic imide derivative moiety, particularly a five-membered cyclic imide derivative moiety.

[0062] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "pyrrolidone moiety" refers to a moiety having an unsubstituted pyrrolidone ring (i.e., containing or consisting of the same).

[0063] As used according to the present invention, the term "pyridine moiety" refers to a moiety having an unsubstituted pyridine ring (i.e., containing or consisting of the same).

[0064] As used according to the present invention, the term "pyrazine moiety" refers to a moiety having an unsubstituted pyrazine ring (i.e., containing or consisting of the same).

[0065] As used according to the present invention, the term "pyrimidine moiety" refers to a moiety having an unsubstituted pyrimidine ring (i.e., containing or consisting of the same).

[0066] As used according to the present invention, the term "piperazine moiety" refers to a moiety having an unsubstituted piperazine ring (i.e., containing or consisting of the same).

[0067] As used according to the present invention, the term "imide moiety" refers to a moiety having an unsubstituted imide ring (i.e., containing or consisting of the same).

[0068] As used according to the present invention, the term "pyrrolidone derivative moiety" refers to a moiety having a pyrrolidone ring (i.e., containing or consisting of the same), said pyrrolidone ring having or bearing at least one substituent, preferably at least one organic substituent (such as at least one heteroatom-containing organic substituent and / or at least one heteroatom-free organic substituent), particularly at least one aliphatic (i.e., alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl) substituent and / or at least one acrylic substituent. At least one substituent may be linear and / or branched and / or acyclic and / or cyclic and / or may contain a ring structure. Preferably, at least one substituent is covalently bonded or linked to multiple ring positions of the pyrrolidone ring / ring positions 3 and / or 5.

[0069] As used according to the present invention, the term "pyridine derivative moiety" refers to a moiety having a pyridine ring (i.e., containing or consisting of the same), said pyridine ring having or bearing at least one substituent, preferably at least one organic substituent (such as at least one heteroatom-containing organic substituent and / or at least one heteroatom-free organic substituent), particularly at least one aliphatic (i.e., alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl) substituent and / or at least one acrylic substituent. At least one substituent may be linear and / or branched and / or acyclic and / or cyclic and / or may contain a ring structure. Preferably, at least one substituent is covalently bonded or linked to multiple ring positions of the pyridine ring / ring positions 3 and / or 6.

[0070] As used according to the present invention, the term "pyrazine derivative moiety" refers to a moiety having a pyrazine ring (i.e., containing or consisting of it), the pyrazine ring having or bearing at least one substituent, preferably at least one organic substituent (such as at least one heteroatom-containing organic substituent and / or at least one heteroatom-free organic substituent), particularly at least one aliphatic (i.e., alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl) substituent and / or at least one acrylic substituent. At least one substituent may be linear and / or branched and / or acyclic and / or cyclic and / or may contain a ring structure. Preferably, at least one substituent is covalently bonded or linked to a plurality of ring positions / ring positions 2 and / or 5 of the pyrazine ring.

[0071] As used according to the present invention, the term "pyrimidine derivative moiety" refers to a moiety having a pyrimidine ring (i.e., containing or consisting of it), the pyrimidine ring having or bearing at least one substituent, preferably at least one organic substituent (such as at least one heteroatom-containing organic substituent and / or at least one heteroatom-free organic substituent), particularly at least one aliphatic (i.e., alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl) substituent and / or at least one acrylic substituent. At least one substituent may be linear and / or branched and / or acyclic and / or cyclic and / or may contain a ring structure. Preferably, at least one substituent is covalently bonded or linked to a plurality of ring positions / ring positions 4 and / or 6 of the pyrimidine ring.

[0072] As used according to the present invention, the term "piperazine derivative moiety" refers to a moiety having a piperazine ring (i.e., containing or consisting of it), the piperazine ring having or bearing at least one substituent, preferably at least one organic substituent (such as at least one heteroatom-containing organic substituent and / or at least one heteroatom-free organic substituent), particularly at least one aliphatic (i.e., alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl) substituent and / or at least one acrylic substituent. At least one substituent may be linear and / or branched and / or acyclic and / or cyclic and / or may contain a ring structure.

[0073] As used according to the present invention, the term "imide derivative moiety" refers to a moiety having an imide ring (i.e., containing or consisting of it), the imide ring having or bearing at least one substituent, preferably at least one organic substituent (such as at least one heteroatom-containing organic substituent and / or at least one heteroatom-free organic substituent), particularly at least one aliphatic (i.e., alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl) substituent and / or at least one acrylic substituent. At least one substituent may be linear and / or branched and / or acyclic and / or cyclic and / or may contain a ring structure.

[0074] Preferably, the nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero part is selected from a pyrrolidone part, a pyridine part, a pyrazine part, a pyrimidine part, and a combination of at least two of the above nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero parts. The nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero parts mentioned in this paragraph are particularly useful for the optimal biodegradation of the polymer.

[0075] More preferably, the nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero part is selected from a pyrrolidone part, a pyridine part, a pyrazine part, and a combination of at least two of the above nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero parts. The nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero parts mentioned in this paragraph are particularly advantageous for the biodegradation characteristics of the polymer.

[0076] Particularly preferably, the nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero part is a pyrrolidone part. In this regard, it has been proven that the pyrrolidone part is particularly advantageous for the biodegradable behavior of the polymer.

[0077] Further preferably, the main chain of the polymer contains at least two different repeating units.

[0078] As used according to the present invention, the term "repeating unit" refers to a structural unit or building block that is arranged repeatedly along the polymer main chain. The structural unit or building block can be arranged randomly and / or blockwise (i.e., block by block) along the main chain of the polymer.

[0079] In another embodiment of the present invention, the main chain of the polymer contains or comprises repeating units that do not contain a nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero part, particularly do not contain any hetero ring part, preferably do not contain any acrylic part, and repeating units that contain or comprise at least one nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero part.

[0080] As used according to the present invention, the term "repeating unit that does not contain a nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero part" can also be referred to as "repeating unit that does not contain a hetero ring part containing (i.e., containing) at least one nitrogen atom".

[0081] As used according to the present invention, the term "repeating unit that contains or comprises at least one nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero part" can also be referred to as "repeating unit that each contains or comprises at least one, particularly one, two, or three nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero parts".

[0082] In addition, each repeating unit that does not contain a nitrogen atom-containing monocyclic hetero part, particularly does not contain any hetero ring part, preferably does not contain any acrylic part, preferably contains at least one, particularly one, two, or three linear amide bonds and / or at least one, particularly one, two, or three optional linear ester bonds.

[0083] In addition, each repeating unit of a heteromonocyclic moiety without a nitrogen atom, particularly without any heterocyclic moiety, preferably without any acrylic moiety, preferably contains at least one oxygen atom (O) and / or at least one "NH" (nitrogen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom) and / or at least one carbonyl group of at least one linear amide bond. Alternatively or in combination, each repeating unit of a heteromonocyclic moiety without a nitrogen atom, particularly without any heterocyclic moiety, preferably without any acrylic moiety, preferably contains at least one oxygen atom (O) and / or at least one "NH" (nitrogen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom) and / or at least one carbonyl group of at least one optional linear ester bond.

[0084] In addition, each repeating unit of a heteromonocyclic moiety without a nitrogen atom, particularly without any heterocyclic moiety, preferably without any acrylic moiety, preferably contains at least one, particularly one, two, three or four spacer moieties.

[0085] In addition, each repeating unit containing or comprising at least one heteromonocyclic moiety with a nitrogen atom preferably contains at least one, particularly one or two linear amide bonds and / or at least one, particularly one or two optional linear ester bonds.

[0086] In addition, each repeating unit containing or comprising at least one heteromonocyclic moiety with a nitrogen atom preferably contains at least one oxygen atom (O) and / or at least one "NH" (nitrogen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom) and / or at least one carbonyl group of at least one linear amide bond. Alternatively or in combination, each repeating unit containing or comprising at least one heteromonocyclic moiety with a nitrogen atom preferably contains at least one oxygen atom (O) and / or at least one "NH" (nitrogen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom) and / or at least one carbonyl group of at least one optional linear ester bond.

[0087] In addition, each repeating unit containing or comprising at least one heteromonocyclic moiety with a nitrogen atom preferably contains at least one, particularly one, two, three or four spacer moieties.

[0088] In addition, the repeating units that do not contain a nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety, in particular those that do not contain any hetero cyclic moiety and are preferably free of any acrylic moiety, or at least some of them can be arranged along the polymer backbone in a random and / or blockwise (i.e., block by block) manner. In addition, the repeating units that contain or comprise at least one nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety or at least some of them can be arranged along the polymer backbone in a random and / or blockwise (i.e., block by block) manner. In addition, the repeating units that do not contain a nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety, in particular those that do not contain any hetero cyclic moiety and are preferably free of any acrylic moiety, and the repeating units that contain or comprise at least one nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety can be arranged along the polymer backbone in an alternating manner. Preferably, the polymer backbone does not contain any other type of repeating unit different from the above repeating units.

[0089] Preferably, the repeating units that do not contain a nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety, in particular those that do not contain any hetero cyclic moiety and are preferably free of any acrylic moiety, and the repeating units that contain or comprise at least one nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety further contain or comprise a spacer moiety.

[0090] More preferably, the spacer moiety of the repeating units that do not contain a nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety, in particular those that do not contain any hetero cyclic moiety and are preferably free of any acrylic moiety, is an alkylene moiety. In particular, the alkylene moiety can have a carbon chain length or carbon atom chain length of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, especially 1 to 10 carbon atoms. For example, the carbon chain length or carbon atom chain length can include 2 to 12 carbon atoms, especially 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0091] In addition, the repeating units that do not contain a nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety, in particular those that do not contain any hetero cyclic moiety and are preferably free of any acrylic moiety, can have spacer moieties with different carbon chain lengths or carbon atom chain lengths, especially alkylene moieties. For example, the repeating units that do not contain a nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety, in particular those that do not contain a hetero cyclic moiety and are preferably free of an acrylic moiety, can contain or comprise a spacer moiety with a carbon chain length or carbon atom chain length of 2 to 12 carbon atoms and a spacer moiety with a carbon chain length or carbon atom chain length of 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0092] Even more preferably, the spacer moiety of the repeating units that contain or comprise at least one nitrogen atom-containing hetero monocyclic moiety is an alkylene moiety, which in particular has a carbon chain length or carbon atom chain length of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, especially 1 to 10 carbon atoms, especially 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

[0093] In addition, the repeating units containing or comprising at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom may have spacer moieties having different carbon chain lengths or lengths of carbon atom chains, in particular alkylene moieties. For example, the repeating units containing or comprising at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom may contain or comprise spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or length of carbon atom chain of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and spacer moieties having a carbon chain length or length of carbon atom chain of from 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

[0094] In another embodiment of the invention, the number of repeating units that do not contain a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom, in particular do not contain any heterocyclic moiety and preferably do not contain any acrylic moiety, is higher than the number of repeating units containing or comprising at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom.

[0095] In another embodiment of the invention, based on the total number of polymer repeating units, every fifteenth to second, in particular every fifteenth to third, in particular every tenth to third repeating unit contains or comprises at least one, in particular one or two, preferably only one or only two hetero-monocyclic moieties containing a nitrogen atom.

[0096] In another embodiment of the invention, the repeating units that do not contain a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom, in particular do not contain any heterocyclic moiety and preferably do not contain any acrylic moiety, have the following formula I:

[0097]

[0098] where

[0099] -o is an integer of 0 or from 1 to 10, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer of from 1 to 8, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0100] -p is an integer of from 1 to 10, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer of from 1 to 8, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0101] -A1 is C═O (carbonyl group), NH or O,

[0102] -B1 is C═O (carbonyl group) and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C═O (carbonyl group) and

[0103] -C1 is C═O (carbonyl group), NH or O.

[0104] Preferably, in formula I, o is 4, p is 8, A1 is NH, B1 is NH, B2 is C═O and C1 is C═O.

[0105] In addition, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may comprise a combination of different repeating units according to formula I. Preferably, the repeating units are different with respect to the position of the alkylene group and / or alkylene groups and / or the position of C=O (carbonyl group) and / or the position of NH and / or the position of O.

[0106] In addition, in addition to the repeating units according to formula I, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may not contain any additional hetero-monocyclic moieties without nitrogen atoms, in particular may not contain any heterocyclic moieties, and preferably may not contain any repeating units of acrylic moieties.

[0107] In another embodiment of the present invention, the repeating unit containing or comprising at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety with a nitrogen atom has the following formula II:

[0108]

[0109] where

[0110] -q and r are the same or different and independently of one another are integers from 0 or 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular integers from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0111] -A2 is C=O (carbonyl group), NH or O,

[0112] -C2 is C=O (carbonyl group), NH or O and

[0113] -R1 and R2 are the same or different and independently of one another are H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0114] Preferably, in formula II, q is 4, r is 0, A2 is C=O, C2 is NH, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0115] In addition, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may comprise a combination of different repeating units according to formula II.

[0116] In addition, in addition to the repeating units according to formula II, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may not contain any additional repeating units containing or comprising a hetero-monocyclic moiety with a nitrogen atom, in particular may contain or comprise a heterocyclic moiety, in particular may contain or comprise a repeating unit of an acrylic moiety.

[0117] In addition, the repeating unit containing or comprising at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety with a nitrogen atom may preferably have the following formula II # :

[0118]

[0119] -q and r are the same or different and independently of one another are 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, and

[0120] -R1 and R2 are the same or different and independently of one another are H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0121] Preferably, q is 4, r is 0, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0122] In a further embodiment of the invention, the repeating unit containing or comprising at least one heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom has the following formula III:

[0123]

[0124] where

[0125] -q, r, s and t are the same or different and independently of one another are 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0126] -A2 is C=O (carbonyl group), NH or O,

[0127] -C2 is C=O (carbonyl group), NH or O,

[0128] -D1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C=O (carbonyl group) and

[0129] -R1 and R2 are the same or different and independently of one another are H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0130] Preferably, in formula III, q is 4, r is 0, s is 0, t is 4, A2 is C=O, C2 is NH, D1 is NH, D2 is C=O, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0131] In addition, the polymer backbone may contain or comprise repeating units according to formula II and / or repeating units according to formula II # and / or repeating units according to formula III.

[0132] In a further embodiment of the invention, the repeating unit containing or comprising at least one heteromonocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom has the following formula IV:

[0133]

[0134] where

[0135] -q, r, and s are the same or different and independently of one another are 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8,

[0136] -A2 is C=O (carbonyl group), NH, or O,

[0137] -C2 is C=O (carbonyl group), NH, or O,

[0138] -D1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0139] -X is N or CH and

[0140] -R1 and R2 are the same or different and independently of one another are H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0141] Preferably, in formula IV, q is 3 or 4, r is 0, s is 0, A2 is C=O, C2 is NH, D1 is NH, D2 is C=O, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0142] In addition, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may comprise a combination of different repeating units according to formula IV.

[0143] In addition, in addition to the repeating units according to formula IV, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may not contain any further repeating units containing or comprising a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom, in particular a repeating unit containing or comprising a heterocyclic moiety, in particular an acrylic moiety. In addition, the repeating units containing or comprising at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom may preferably have the following formula V:

[0144]

[0145] where

[0146] -q, r, and s are the same or different and independently of one another are 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8,

[0147] -A2 is C=O (carbonyl group), NH, or O,

[0148] -C2 is C=O (carbonyl group), NH, or O,

[0149] -D1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0150] -R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of each other H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0151] Preferably, in formula V, q is 4, r is 0, s is 0, A2 is C=O, C2 is NH, D1 is NH, D2 is C=O, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0152] In addition, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may comprise a combination of different repeating units according to formula V.

[0153] In addition, in addition to the repeating units according to formula V, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may not contain any other repeating units containing or comprising a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom, in particular a repeating unit containing or comprising a heterocyclic moiety, in particular a repeating unit containing or comprising an acrylic moiety.

[0154] In addition, the polymer or the main chain of the polymer may comprise repeating units containing or comprising a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing at least one nitrogen atom according to formula II and / or according to formula II # repeating units containing or comprising a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing at least one nitrogen atom and / or repeating units containing or comprising a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing at least one nitrogen atom according to formula III and / or repeating units containing or comprising a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing at least one nitrogen atom according to formula IV and / or repeating units containing or comprising a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing at least one nitrogen atom according to formula V.

[0155] In another embodiment of the invention, the main chain of the polymer, in particular except at the ends of the main chain, at least partly, in particular only partly or exclusively, comprises or has the following formula VI:

[0156]

[0157] wherein

[0158] -m > n, provided that n is > 0,

[0159] -o, q and r are the same or different and are independently of each other 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0160] -p is an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0161] -A1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and A2 is NH or O, or A1 is NH or O and A2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0162] - B1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0163] - C1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and C2 is NH or O, or C1 is NH or O and C2 is C=O (carbonyl group) and

[0164] - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of each other H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0165] Preferably, in formula VI, o is 4, p is 8, q is 4, r is 0, A1 is NH, A2 is C=O, B1 is NH, B2 is C=O, C1 is C=O, C2 is NH, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0166] In another embodiment of the present invention, the main chain of the polymer, in particular except at the ends of the main chain, at least in part, in particular only in part or exclusively, comprises or has the following formula VII:

[0167]

[0168] wherein

[0169] - E has the following formula VIII

[0170]

[0171] wherein (in formulas VII and VIII)

[0172] - m > n, provided that n is > 0,

[0173] - o, q, r, s and t are the same or different and are independently of each other 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0174] - p is an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0175] - A1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and A2 is NH or O, or A1 is NH or O and A2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0176] - B1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0177] - C1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and C2 is NH or O, or C1 is NH or O and C2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0178] - D1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C=O (carbonyl group) and

[0179] - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of each other H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0180] Preferably, in Formulas VII and VIII, o is 4, p is 8, q is 4, r is 0, s is 0, A1 is NH, A2 is C=O, B1 is NH, B2 is C=O, C1 is C=O, C2 is NH, D1 is NH, D2 is C=O, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0181] In another embodiment of the present invention, the main chain of the polymer, in particular except at the ends of the main chain, at least partially, in particular only partially or exclusively, comprises or has the following Formula IX:

[0182]

[0183] wherein

[0184] - m > n, provided that n is > 0,

[0185] - o, q, r and s are the same or different and are independently of each other 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0186] - p is an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0187] - A1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and A2 is NH or O, or A1 is NH or O and A2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0188] - B1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0189] - C1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and C2 is NH or O, or C1 is NH or O and C2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0190] - D1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0191] - X is N or CH and

[0192] - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of each other H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0193] Preferably, in Formula IX, o is 4, p is 8, q is 4, r is 0, s is 0, A1 is NH, A2 is C=O, B1 is NH, B2 is C=O, C1 is C=O, C2 is NH, D1 is NH, D2 is C=O, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0194] Furthermore, the main chain of the polymer, especially except at the ends of the main chain, may preferably comprise or have, at least in part, especially only in part or exclusively, the following Formula X:

[0195]

[0196] where

[0197] - m > n, provided that n is > 0,

[0198] - o, q, r and s are the same or different and are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, especially an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0199] - p is an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, especially an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0200] - A1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and A2 is NH or O, or A1 is NH or O and A2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0201] - B1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0202] - C1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and C2 is NH or O, or C1 is NH or O and C2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0203] - D1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C=O (carbonyl group) and

[0204] - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are each independently H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0205] Preferably, in Formula X, o is 4, p is 8, q is 4, r is 0, s is 0, A1 is NH, A2 is C=O, B1 is NH, B2 is C=O, C1 is C=O, C2 is NH, D1 is NH, D2 is C=O, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0206] In addition, the main chain of the polymer, especially except for the ends of the main chain, at least partially, especially only partially, may preferably comprise or have the following formula XIa:

[0207]

[0208] wherein

[0209] -m1 is the first repeating unit according to formula XIa, and m2 is the second repeating unit according to formula XIa,

[0210] -o1 and o2 are the same or different and independently of one another are 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, especially an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0211] -p1 and p2 are the same or different and independently of one another are an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, especially an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0212] -A1 and C1 are different and independently of one another are C=O (carbonyl group), NH or O and

[0213] -B1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C=O (carbonyl group) and

[0214] -B3 is C=O (carbonyl group) and B4 is NH or O, or B3 is NH or O and B4 is C=O (carbonyl group).

[0215] Preferably, in formula XIa, o1 is 4, o2 is 3, p1 is 8, p2 is 5, A1 is NH, B1 is NH, B2 is C=O, C1 is C=O, B3 is C=O and B4 = NH.

[0216] In addition, the main chain of the polymer, especially except for the ends of the main chain, at least partially, especially only partially, may preferably comprise or have the following formula XIb:

[0217]

[0218]

[0219] wherein

[0220] -o is 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, especially an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0221] - p is an integer from 1 to 10, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0222] - A1 and C1 are different and independently of one another are C═O (carbonyl group), NH or O and

[0223] - B1 is C═O (carbonyl group) and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C═O (carbonyl group).

[0224] Preferably, in formula XIb, o is 4, p is 8, A1 is NH, B1 is NH, B2 is C═O, and C1 is C═O.

[0225] Furthermore, the main chain of the polymer, in particular except at the ends of the main chain, may preferably comprise or have, at least in part, in particular only in part, the following formula XII:

[0226]

[0227] where

[0228] - q and r are the same or different and independently of one another are 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0229] - A2 and C2 are different and independently of one another are C═O (carbonyl group), NH or O and

[0230] - R1 and R2 are the same or different and independently of one another are H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0231] Preferably, in formula II, q is 4, r is 0, A2 is C═O, C2 is NH, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0232] Furthermore, the main chain of the polymer, in particular except at the ends of the main chain, may preferably comprise or have, at least in part, in particular only in part, the following formula XIII:

[0233]

[0234] where

[0235] - q, r and s are the same or different and independently of one another are 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0236] - A2 and C2 are different and independently of one another are C═O (carbonyl group), NH or O,

[0237] - D1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C=O (carbonyl group),

[0238] - X is N or CH and

[0239] - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of each other H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0240] Preferably, in formula XIII, q is 4, r is 0, s is 0, A2 is C=O, C2 is NH, D1 is NH, D2 is C=O, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0241] Furthermore, the main chain of the polymer, in particular except at the ends of the main chain, may preferably comprise or have at least in part, in particular only in part, the following formula XIV:

[0242]

[0243] wherein

[0244] - q, r and s are the same or different and are independently of each other 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, in particular an integer from 1 to 8, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8,

[0245] - A2 and C2 are different and are independently of each other C=O (carbonyl group), NH or O,

[0246] - D1 is C=O (carbonyl group) and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C=O (carbonyl group) and

[0247] - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of each other H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

[0248] Preferably, in formula XIV, q is 4, r is 0, s is 0, A2 is C=O, C2 is NH, D1 is NH, D2 is C=O, R1 is H and R2 is H.

[0249] More preferably, the polymer according to the invention can be manufactured or synthesized by the polymerization of adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-diaminopentane and 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid).

[0250] Alternatively, the polymer according to the invention can preferably be manufactured or synthesized by the polymerization of sebacic acid, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-diaminopentane and 1-(5-carboxypentyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid.

[0251] Alternatively, the polymer according to the present invention can preferably be manufactured or synthesized by polymerization of azelaic acid, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-diaminohexane, and pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid.

[0252] Alternatively, the polymer according to the present invention can preferably be manufactured or synthesized by polymerization of sebacic acid, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-diaminohexane, and 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid).

[0253] Alternatively, the polymer according to the present invention can preferably be manufactured or synthesized by polymerization of azelaic acid, 1,6-diaminohexane, and 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid).

[0254] Alternatively, the polymer according to the present invention can preferably be manufactured or synthesized by polymerization of adipic acid, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid), and pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid.

[0255] Furthermore, the polymer can preferably be manufactured or synthesized without using triamine and / or tetraamine as monomers. In particular, the polymer can be manufactured or synthesized by using diamine as the only amine monomer.

[0256] Furthermore, the polymer can preferably be manufactured or synthesized without using succinic acid as a monomer and / or without using monomers containing succinic acid.

[0257] In another embodiment of the present invention, the degradation rate of the polymer (especially in the highly dispersed phase), as determined according to ASTM 5988-18, is 5 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month to 500 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month, especially 50 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month to 250 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month, preferably 100 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month to 200 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month.

[0258] In another embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical strength (especially the tensile strength) of the polymer, as determined according to ASTM D2256 (filament) and ASTM D638 (bar), is 50 MPa to 500 Mpa, especially 75 MPa to 300 MPa, preferably 100 MPa to 200 MPa.

[0259] In addition, the melting point of the polymer is preferably ≥150 °C, particularly ≥180 °C, preferably from 180 °C to 240 °C. Thus, the polymer can advantageously be applied to many technical fields that generate heat (e.g., by friction) without the risk of the application-dependent functions of the polymer being impaired due to melting.

[0260] In addition, the molecular weight (particularly the average molecular weight) of the polymer, as determined according to ASTM D5296, can be from 5 kDa to 500 kDa, particularly from 10 kDa to 100 kDa, preferably from 20 kDa to 50 kDa. Due to the high molecular weight, the polymers according to the invention are advantageously suitable for most thermoplastic manufacturing processes, such as extrusion, injection molding, and blow molding. Despite the relatively high molecular weight, there is a finely tuned and particularly application-dependent balance between the biodegradability and mechanical strength of the polymers that can be achieved.

[0261] Preferably, the polymer exhibits a viscosity and melting point comparable to those of common polyamides or polyamide copolymers. Thus, existing manufacturing equipment can advantageously be used. Therefore, products and articles containing or consisting of the polymers according to the invention can be produced in an ecological and economical manner. In addition, the polydispersity index or value (M w / M n , where M w is the weight-average molar mass and M n is the number-average molar mass) of the polymer can be from 1 to 5, particularly from 1 to 3, preferably from 1 to 2.

[0262] In addition, the crystallinity of the polymer, as determined according to ASTM D3418-12, can be from 20 J / g to 120 J / g, particularly from 30 J / g to 110 J / g, preferably from 40 J / g to 100 J / g.

[0263] In addition, the relative viscosity of the polymer, as determined according to ASTM 789-19, can be from 1.6 to 4.4, particularly from 2.0 to 4.0, preferably from 2.4 to 3.6.

[0264] In addition, the polymer according to the invention is preferably not part of a polymer blend (i.e., a mixture of different polymers).

[0265] Alternatively, the polymer according to the invention can be part of a polymer blend, where the polymer blend - along with the polymer according to the invention - contains at least one additional polymer.

[0266] In addition, the polymer can contain an amino acid moiety.

[0267] In addition, the polymer can contain an aminoalkanoic acid moiety. More preferably, the polymer does not contain any ε-aminocaproic acid moiety.

[0268] According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a product or article comprising or consisting of the polymer according to the first aspect of the invention.

[0269] In particular, at least a part of the surface of the product or article may consist of the polymer. Preferably, the entire surface of the product or article may consist of the polymer.

[0270] Preferably, the product or article has an elongated shape and at least one cross-section through the product or article may consist of the polymer. Preferably, the product or article is a tool and the cross-section is a cross-section where mechanical loads occur during application of the tool. The tool is preferably a cutting tool (such as a trimming line or a cutting blade) on which tensile forces (centrifugal forces) act, or a fishing net on which tensile forces act in particular.

[0271] Furthermore, the product or article may preferably be free of any core-sheath structure, especially as described in the embodiment of the trimming line in US 6,061,914 A. In the prior art, the core consists of a biodegradable material, where the sheath is made of a non-biodegradable or less biodegradable material. The sheath protects the core from unnecessary degradation. Furthermore, the sheath bears the major part of the occurring loads.

[0272] Preferably, the product or article is a product or article that is exposed or may be exposed to moisture and / or water. Respectively, the polymer according to the invention is particularly advantageous with respect to such products and articles, because the polymer of the invention allows adjustment of a microbalance between biodegradation behavior and mechanical strength, which are prerequisites for the applicability of such products and articles, respectively.

[0273] In particular, the area / volume ratio of the product or article may be 3 m -1 to 2,000,000 m -1 , especially 5 m -1 to 1,000,000 m -1 , preferably 10 m -1 to 500,000 m -1 . Preferably, the product or article is an elongated product or article. More preferably, the product or article is selected from trimming lines, plastic cutting blades, monofilaments, multifilaments (such as yarns or ropes), textile fabrics, fishing nets, composites, injection-molded parts, blow-molded parts, cast parts, extruded products / articles, films and sheets.

[0274] The above-mentioned plastic cutting blades are preferably suitable for a cutting head.

[0275] The above-mentioned multifilament products are preferably suitable for high-strength fiber products that are worn and become biodegradable in a controlled manner by means of the invention. Examples may be industrial textiles, carpets, gardening ropes, tying ropes and fishing gear.

[0276] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "composite" refers to a composition or mixture comprising a polymer according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0277] In addition to the polymer according to the first aspect of the present invention, the product or article may be free of any additional polymers.

[0278] Furthermore, the product or article may be free of plasticizers and / or additives that promote degradation and / or fibers, especially natural fibers such as cellulose or starch fibers.

[0279] In addition, the product or article may comprise additives, especially non-polymeric additives. The additives are preferably selected from salts, colorants, and combinations of at least two of the above additives.

[0280] The salts may be selected from ammonium salts, phosphates, sodium salts, potassium salts, and mixtures of at least two of the above salts.

[0281] The colorant may be, for example, a masterbatch (i.e., a color masterbatch), especially a biodegradable masterbatch. For example, individual masterbatches are commercially available under the name PolyOne. In addition, based on the total weight of the product or article, the maximum proportion of the colorant (especially the masterbatch) may be 4% by weight.

[0282] In addition, the product or article may be in a stretched form. By stretching (especially under heating and preferably in several stretching steps), the macromolecules of the polymer of the present invention can be advantageously additionally parallelized. This results in an additional increase in crystallinity. For example, as determined according to ASTM D3418-12, the crystallinity of the product or article may be from 40 J / g to 140 J / g, especially from 50 J / g to 130 J / g, preferably from 60 J / g to 120 J / g.

[0283] In addition, the product or article is preferably compostable, preferably under environmental conditions, especially at a temperature of from 10 °C to 40 °C, especially from 15 °C to 30 °C, preferably from 18 °C to 28 °C, and / or under the influence of environmental humidity. Thus, advantageously, industrial composting may be unnecessary.

[0284] In another embodiment of the present invention, the product or article is a trimming line or at least one plastic cutting blade, i.e., one plastic cutting blade or a plurality of plastic cutting blades, especially for a cutting head. Separately, for these products and articles, a fine-tuned balance between biodegradability and mechanical strength is particularly required, because on the one hand, these products and articles are respectively frequently exposed to moisture and / or water and / or plant sap, and on the other hand, sufficient mechanical strength is highly required during their operation. Particularly preferably, the product or article is a trimming line.

[0285] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "weed trimmer line" refers to a line, in particular a monofilament, for trimming or cutting vegetation, such as lawns and / or meadows, in particular the edges of lawns and / or meadows. The weed trimmer line can be used in tillage implements of electric rotary heads, commonly known as brush cutters and edgers. These implements generally include an internal combustion engine or an electric motor that rotates at a high speed between about 3000 revolutions per minute and 12000 revolutions per minute, and a rotary cutting head with one or more weed trimmer lines. As the head rotates and under the action of centrifugal force, one or more weed trimmer lines are radially deployed and thus sweep a certain circular area within which they serve to cut the vegetation they encounter. The "weed trimmer line" according to the present invention can also be referred to as a "cutting line" or a "mowing line".

[0286] As used in accordance with the present invention, the term "cutting blade" refers to a tool that can be used on a brush cutter or an edger to replace or supplement the weed trimmer line as previously described, or for a lawn mower, an autonomous lawn mower or a similar product suitable for sweeping, mowing or trimming applications, preferably of vegetation.

[0287] Regarding the weed trimmer line, the present invention further solves the following problems. Generally, the weed trimmer line is accommodated (especially wound up) in the housing of the above-mentioned tillage implements of electric rotary heads in the form of a reel or spool, and the weed trimmer line leaves the housing through the holes of the housing. Due to the centrifugal force during operation, to a certain extent, friction occurs between the weed trimmer line and the surface and / or edge of the holes, resulting in heat generation, which in the worst case can cause the melting of the weed trimmer line and thus its weakening. Another problem is that, in certain cases, the winding of the weed trimmer line in the housing of the tillage implements of electric rotary heads is prone to fusing with each other. Due to the superior properties of the polymer according to the present invention, especially due to its melting point, the above problems can be advantageously overcome or at least reduced by the weed trimmer line according to the present invention.

[0288] In addition, the weed trimmer line can have any imaginable cross-section or profile. In particular, in order to achieve a certain level of biodegradability or cutting performance, no specific cross-section or profile is required. Thus, for example, the weed trimmer line can have a circular, polygonal or star-shaped cross-section.

[0289] In addition, the weed trimmer line can have a multi-layer structure. Preferably, each layer forms or constructs a part of the structure or the surface of the weed trimmer line. More preferably, each layer of the structure contains or consists of the polymer according to the present invention. In addition, the colors of the layers can be the same or different.

[0290] In addition, the weed trimmer line can be free of any additives that promote biodegradation.

[0291] In addition, the weed trimmer line can be free of any protective layer or outer layer, especially any protective layer or outer layer of a material with lower biodegradability or non-biodegradability.

[0292] Furthermore, the cutting line can be free of any reinforcement means, in particular any reinforcing fibres.

[0293] For further features and advantages of the product or article, reference is made to the foregoing description. The features and advantages described in the foregoing description, in particular those relating to the polymers according to the invention, mutatis mutandis, apply to the product or article according to the second aspect of the invention.

[0294] According to a third aspect, the invention relates to the use of a polymer according to the first aspect of the invention for the manufacture or production of a product or article according to the second aspect of the invention.

[0295] For further features and advantages of this use, full reference is made to the foregoing description. The features and advantages described in the foregoing description, in particular those relating to the polymers and products or articles according to the invention, mutatis mutandis, apply to the use according to the third aspect of the invention.

[0296] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following examples together with the subject matter of the dependent claims. In one embodiment of the invention, the individual features can be implemented separately or in combination. The preferred embodiments are merely illustrative and for a better understanding of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.

[0297] Examples

[0298] 1. Adipic acid (5.84 g), 1,4-butanediol (0.92 g), 1,5-diaminopentane (4.09 g) and 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid) (3.40 g) were heated to 260 °C over a period of 4 hours with continuous mixing and evaporation of water. The light yellow melt was poured into a prefabricated container for mechanical sample testing and thermal analysis.

[0299] 2. Sebacic acid (8.08 g), 1,4-butanediol (1.38 g), 1,5-diaminopentane (3.58 g) and 1-(5-carboxypentyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (2.43 g) were heated to 250 °C over a period of 4 hours with continuous mixing and evaporation of water. The off-white melt was poured into a prefabricated container for mechanical sample testing and thermal analysis.

[0300] 3. Azelaic acid (6.58 g), 1,4-butanediol (1.84 g), 1,6-diaminohexane (3.48 g) and pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (2.52 g) were heated to 250 °C over a period of 4 hours with continuous mixing and evaporation of water. The light brown melt was poured into a prefabricated container for mechanical sample testing and thermal analysis.

[0301] 4. Sebacic acid (5.05 g), 1,4-butanediol (0.49 g), 1,6-diaminohexane (5.23 g) and 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid) (8.50 g) were heated to 250 °C over a period of 4 hours with continuous mixing and evaporation of water. The yellow-orange melt was poured into a prefabricated container for mechanical sample testing and thermal analysis.

[0302] 5. Azelaic acid (7.15 g), 1,6-diaminohexane (5.82 g) and 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid) (4.09 g) were heated to 260 °C over a period of 4 hours with continuous mixing and evaporation of water. The light yellow melt was poured into a prefabricated container for mechanical sample testing and thermal analysis.

[0303] 6. Adipic acid (4.38 g), 1,6-hexanediol (0.62 g), 1,5-diaminopentane (4.61 g), 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid) (3.40 g) and pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (1.68 g) were heated to 260 °C over a period of 4 hours with continuous mixing and evaporation of water. The light yellow melt was poured into a prefabricated container for mechanical sample testing and thermal analysis.

[0304] 7. The dried material obtained from Example 5 (relative viscosity 2.64 as measured by ASTM 789-19) was processed into monofilaments and yarns, and tensile strength tests were carried out according to ASTM D2256 in the deformation range of 10% to 50% with a water content < 1 wt%. The results were that the measured tensile strength ranges were: (i) 24 - 37 MPa for the non-drawn filaments or yarns and (ii) 139 - 253 MPa for the drawn filaments or yarns.

[0305] 8. Comparative example: An extruded polyamide-66 compound with a relative viscosity of 2.8 was prepared and processed according to Example 7, which showed a tensile strength range of 74 - 111 MPa for the monofilaments and yarns of the drawn filaments or yarns.

[0306] 9. The material obtained from Example 5 was processed into tensile test bars, and tensile strength tests were carried out according to ASTM D638. The results were that the tensile strength range was 54 - 174 MPa.

[0307] 10. Comparative example: An extruded polyamide-66 compound was prepared and processed according to Example 9, which showed a tensile strength range of 36 - 146 MPa for the tensile test bars.

[0308] 11. The dried material obtained from Example 5 was subjected to a biodegradation test according to ASTM 5988-18, and over a period of 5 months, an average and almost constant respiration rate of 217 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month was measured.

[0309] 12. Comparative Example: The extrusion-grade polyamide-66 compound was subjected to a biodegradation test as described in Example 11, and an initial respiration rate of 135 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month was measured during the first 2 months, and no further degradation progress was shown thereafter.

[0310] 13. Ecotoxicity - Determination

[0311] The polymers of Examples 1 to 5 were subjected to a sea-urchin embryogenesis bioassay (SEA-URCHIN EMBRYOGENESIS BIOASSAY), which is a preliminary ECOTOX assessment criterion for classifying the ecotoxicity of the tested materials using extracts for sea-urchin embryo tests. The results confirmed that the polymers were not harmful. The EC50 values (95% CI) (mg / L) ranged from 10 to 1000.

[0312] 14. Degradation

[0313] Degradation was tested under ASTM D5988 conditions. Characteristic degradation curves could be obtained to distinguish between different polymers according to the present invention (with and without 10% or 20% of the bonds being ester bonds). Degradation in water was determined and given for comparison to distinguish between water and soil microbial degradation. The individual results are shown in Figure 1 . Under ISO 14855 conditions, the above-mentioned type-1 (ester-free) degradation was also degradable at a higher rate. The curves differed from those under ASTM D5988 in that they showed a lag phase at the start of the test. Figure 2 A duplo-test of the same polymer is shown.

[0314] 15. Tensile strength

[0315] All tensile strength measurements fell within the ranges given in Examples 7 and 9.

[0316] 16. Tensile strength after UV exposure

[0317] The dried material obtained from Example 5 was wound via a fine yarn and exposed to strong sunlight under thermal conditions (on a roof at latitude 41°9' during April). Compared with the unexposed rope, the tensile strength of the exposed rope showed a 25% decrease within 1 month of exposure time.

[0318] Thicker filaments with a diameter of about 2 mm, exposed to UV light (without rain) in accordance with ISO 4892-2 for 500 hours, showed only a slight 6% decrease in tensile strength, but a significant more than 25% decrease in elongation at break.

[0319] Tests after 17.6 months (on hold)

[0320] Tensile filaments with a measured tensile strength of up to 133 Mpa were put on hold for 6 months, after which the tensile strength measurement was repeated: all samples showed a tensile strength between 95 - 104% of the original value.

[0321] 18. "Without ester bonds"

[0322] A number of new compositions are without ester bonds and show rates of degradation and strength.

[0323] 19. Degradation rate maintained to the end

[0324] In some biodegradation tests, under ASTM D5988 conditions, a high degradation rate of > 200 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 · month was maintained, allowing the material to be completely mineralized to CO2. The soil microbiota largely adapted to the material, resulting in the completion of the metabolic activity of degradation within approximately 40 weeks. This phenomenon was seen in some biodegradation tests, but varied with different tests and soil samples (replicates 1 and 3 of the same ester-free polymeric material). Each result is shown in Figure 3 in.

[0325] 20. Tensile test bars

[0326] All tensile strength measurements fell within the range given in Example 9.

[0327] 21. Importance of water absorption on linear properties

[0328] Tests carried out with extruded mowing lines with different water contents showed a significant effect of water content on handling and mowing properties. The grades tested under wet conditions were much more flexible and showed better results.

Claims

1. A polymer having a main chain, characterized in that The main chain contains linear amide bonds and a hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom, where the main chain does not contain peptide bonds or, based on the total number of the linear amide bonds in the main chain, the proportion of peptide bonds in the main chain is at most 30%, and where, based on the total weight of the polymer, the proportion of the hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom is 5% to 25% by weight, the hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom is selected from a pyrrolidone moiety, a pyridine moiety, a pyrazine moiety, a pyrimidine moiety, a pyrrolidone derivative moiety, a pyridine derivative moiety, a pyrazine derivative moiety, a pyrimidine derivative moiety, and a combination of at least two of the above hetero-monocyclic moieties containing a nitrogen atom, and except for the hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom, the main chain of the polymer does not contain any hetero-cyclic moiety, where the pyrrolidone derivative moiety refers to a moiety having a pyrrolidone ring, and the pyrrolidone ring bears at least one substituent, where the pyridine derivative moiety refers to a moiety having a pyridine ring, the pyridine ring bears at least one substituent, where the pyrazine derivative moiety refers to a moiety having a pyrazine ring, the pyrazine ring bears at least one substituent, and where the pyrimidine derivative moiety refers to a moiety having a pyrimidine ring, the pyrimidine ring bears at least one substituent.

2. The polymer according to claim 1, wherein The main chain further contains linear ester bonds.

3. The polymer according to claim 2, wherein Based on the total weight of the polymer, the proportion of the linear ester bonds is 0.5% to 25% by weight.

4. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Based on the total weight of the polymer, the proportion of the linear amide bonds is 1% to 25% by weight.

5. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The main chain contains repeating units without the hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom and repeating units containing at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom.

6. The polymer according to claim 5, wherein The number of repeating units without the hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom is higher than the number of repeating units containing at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom.

7. The polymer according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the total number of the repeating units, every fifteenth to second repeating unit contains at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom.

8. The polymer according to claim 5, wherein The repeating unit without the hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom has the formula I: where -o is 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, -p is an integer from 1 to 10, -A1 is C=O, NH or O, -B1 is C=O and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C=O and -C1 is C=O, NH or O.

9. The polymer according to claim 5, wherein The repeating unit containing at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom has the formula II: where -q and r are the same or different and are independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, -A2 is C=O, NH or O, -C2 is C=O, NH or O and -R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

10. The polymer according to claim 5, characterized in that The repeating unit containing at least one hetero-monocyclic moiety containing a nitrogen atom has the formula III: where -q, r, s and t are the same or different and are independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, -A2 is C=O, NH or O, -C2 is C=O, NH or O, -D1 is C=O and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C=O and -R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

11. The polymer according to claim 5, characterized in that The repeating unit containing at least one heteromonocyclic moiety having a nitrogen atom has the formula IV: wherein - q, r, and s are the same or different and are independently of one another an integer from 0 or 1 to 10, - A2 is C═O, NH, or O, - C2 is C═O, NH, or O, - D1 is C═O and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C═O, - X is N or CH and - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of one another H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

12. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least part of the main chain has the following formula VI: wherein - m > n, provided that n is > 0, - o, q, and r are the same or different and are independently of one another an integer from 0 or 1 to 10, - p is an integer from 1 to 10, - A1 is C═O and A2 is NH or O, or A1 is NH or O and A2 is C═O, - B1 is C═O and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C═O, - C1 is C═O and C2 is NH or O, or C1 is NH or O and C2 is C═O and - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of one another H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

13. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least part of the main chain has the following formula VII: wherein - E has the following formula VIII wherein - m > n, provided that n is > 0, - o, q, r, s, and t are the same or different and are independently of one another an integer from 0 or 1 to 10, - p is an integer from 1 to 10, - A1 is C═O and A2 is NH or O, or A1 is NH or O and A2 is C═O, - B1 is C═O and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C═O, - C1 is C═O and C2 is NH or O, or C1 is NH or O and C2 is C═O, - D1 is C═O and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C═O and - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of one another H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

14. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least part of the main chain has the following formula IX: wherein - m > n, provided that n is > 0, - o, p, q, r, and s are the same or different and are independently of one another an integer from 0 or 1 to 10, - A1 is C═O and A2 is NH or O, or A1 is NH or O and A2 is C═O, - B1 is C═O and B2 is NH or O, or B1 is NH or O and B2 is C═O, - C1 is C═O and C2 is NH or O, or C1 is NH or O and C2 is C═O, - D1 is C═O and D2 is NH or O, or D1 is NH or O and D2 is C═O, - X is N or CH and - R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently of one another H and / or alkyl and / or aryl.

15. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Except for the heteromonocyclic moiety having a nitrogen atom, the polymer does not contain any heterocyclic moieties.

16. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The degradation rate of the polymer is 5 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month to 500 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month.

17. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The degradation rate of the polymer is 50 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month to 250 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 ·month.

18. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The degradation rate of the polymer is 100 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 / month to 200 mg 塑料 / kg 土壤 / month.

19. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The tensile strength of the polymer is from 50 MPa to 500 MPa.

20. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The tensile strength of the polymer is from 75 MPa to 300 MPa.

21. The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The tensile strength of the polymer is from 100 MPa to 200 MPa.

22. A product or article comprising or consisting of the polymer according to any one of the preceding claims.

23. The product or article according to claim 22, characterized in that The product or article is selected from a trimming line, a plastic cutting blade, a monofilament, a multifilament, a yarn, a rope, a textile fabric, a fishing net, a composite, an injection molded part, a blow molded part, an extrusion product, a film, and a sheet.

24. The product or article according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that The product or article is a trimming line.

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