A Smart Monitoring and Control System for Charging and Swapping Equipment Based on Power Grid Peak Shaving and Frequency Regulation

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of intelligent monitoring and control of charging and swapping equipment, specifically disclosing an intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation. This invention obtains the surplus electricity of each charging and swapping station within a target area on each working day of the forecast period, thus obtaining the cumulative electricity available for peak shaving at the charging and swapping stations within the forecast period. The cumulative electricity available for peak shaving at the charging and swapping stations within the forecast period is compared with the planned peak shaving electricity to determine whether the electricity storage and charging capacity of the charging and swapping stations within the forecast period meets the peak shaving demand. Furthermore, the planned peak shaving deficit of the charging and swapping stations within the forecast period and the adjustable electricity surplus of each charging and swapping station within the target area are obtained. This allows for the selection of charging and swapping stations that require pre-regulation of electricity consumption, enabling advance prediction and targeted pre-regulation of electricity consumption at charging and swapping stations and their equipment before the arrival of peak electricity demand, thereby alleviating the pressure during peak electricity demand periods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent monitoring and control of charging and swapping equipment, and specifically to an intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation. Background Technology

[0002] As the power system enters a period of significant transformation, it is evolving from a system primarily reliant on traditional energy sources to a new type of power system dominated by new energy sources. To address the challenge of distribution network planning in this new power system being unable to meet the ever-increasing charging demand, it is necessary to significantly enhance the power system's regulation and balancing capabilities. With the expansion of the new energy vehicle market, the electricity demand and consumption of charging and battery swapping stations and their equipment are also gradually increasing. Monitoring and regulating these stations and equipment can play a certain role in promoting peak shaving and frequency regulation of the power grid.

[0003] Existing monitoring and control methods for charging and battery swapping stations and their equipment have several drawbacks. Firstly, most monitoring and control of these stations and equipment occurs after the peak electricity consumption period begins, without prior analysis of the stations' energy reserves to assess their capacity to alleviate peak demand. This lack of proactive control results in poor timeliness and limited effectiveness in alleviating peak demand pressure. Secondly, the methods employ a uniform and consistent control approach, failing to tailor adjustments based on utilization rates. For example, lower utilization rates result in lower control levels, while lower utilization rates lead to lower control levels, resulting in limited flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes an intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation, thereby enabling intelligent monitoring and control of the charging and swapping equipment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The present invention provides an intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak regulation and frequency regulation, including: a database: used to store historical information of charging and swapping stations, historical information of the area where the charging and swapping stations are located, and historical information of charging piles in the charging and swapping stations, and to store the planned peak regulation power of the charging and swapping stations in the target area within the prediction period.

[0006] Charging and swapping station power generation acquisition module: used to acquire the estimated power generation of each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day between the current time and the start time of the next peak electricity consumption period, and record it as the estimated power generation of each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day within the forecast period.

[0007] Electricity consumption acquisition module for charging and battery swapping stations: used to acquire the estimated electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area for each working day within the forecast period.

[0008] The charging and swapping station power storage analysis module is used to obtain the remaining power of each charging and swapping station in the target area on each working day of the forecast period based on the estimated power generation and estimated power consumption of each charging and swapping station in the target area during the forecast period. It also obtains the current stored power of the energy storage devices in each charging and swapping station in the target area. Based on the current stored power of the energy storage devices in each charging and swapping station in the target area and the remaining power of each charging and swapping station in the target area on each working day of the forecast period, it analyzes and obtains the net stored power of each charging and swapping station in the target area during the forecast period. Furthermore, it obtains the cumulative power available for peak shaving of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period.

[0009] The charging and swapping station peak shaving capacity assessment module is used to compare the cumulative amount of electricity available for peak shaving at the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period with the planned peak shaving amount. It determines whether the electricity storage capacity of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period meets the peak shaving demand. If it does not meet the peak shaving demand, it obtains the planned peak shaving shortage amount of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period and executes the designated charging and swapping station screening and processing module.

[0010] Designated charging and battery swapping station screening and processing module: used to obtain the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area, and based on the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area and the planned peak-shaving power shortage of the charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period, screen out each charging and battery swapping station that needs to be pre-regulated by electricity consumption, record them as designated charging and battery swapping stations, and perform corresponding processing.

[0011] Based on the above embodiments, the historical information of the charging and swapping stations in the database includes the historical daily photovoltaic power generation and historical daily electricity consumption of each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day in the prediction period of each historical year within the set historical period. The historical information of the area where the charging and swapping stations are located includes the historical sunshine duration and historical average temperature of the area where the charging and swapping stations are located within the target area for each working day in the prediction period of each historical year within the set historical period. The historical information of the charging piles in the charging and swapping stations includes the historical number of charging sessions, historical average charging time, and historical daily charging volume of each charging pile in each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day in the prediction period of each historical year within the set historical period.

[0012] Based on the above embodiments, the specific process of the charging and swapping station power generation acquisition module is as follows: Extract the historical daily photovoltaic power generation of each charging and swapping station within the target area, stored in the database, for each working day within the prediction period of each historical year within a set historical period, and record it as... i represents the number of the i-th charging and swapping station, i = 1, 2, ..., n; u represents the number of the u-th historical year within the set historical period, u = 1, 2, ..., v; j represents the number of the j-th working day within the prediction period, j = 1, 2, ..., m.

[0013] The historical daily photovoltaic power generation of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area is predicted for each working day within the historical year of the set historical period. Substitute into the formula The reference power generation β of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. ij Where χ represents the preset correction factor for reference power generation, and v represents the total number of historical years. This represents the historical daily photovoltaic power generation of the i-th charging and battery swapping station within the target area, predicted for the j-th working day of the (u+1)-th historical year within a set historical period. This represents the historical daily photovoltaic power generation of the i-th charging and swapping station within the target area, predicted for the j-th working day within the (u-1)-th historical year of the set historical period.

[0014] The sunshine duration and average temperature of each charging and battery swapping station location within the target area are obtained from the meteorological platform for each weekday during the forecast period, and are denoted as follows: and

[0015] Extract the historical sunshine duration and historical average temperature of each charging and battery swapping station location within the target area from the database for each historical year within the set historical period, corresponding to each working day within the prediction period, and record them as follows: and By analyzing the formula The power generation impact coefficient δ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period is obtained. ij ε1 and ε2 represent the preset weighting factors for illumination duration and average temperature, respectively.

[0016] The reference power generation β of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period. ij and power generation impact coefficient δ ij Substitute into the formula The estimated power generation of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. Δβ represents the preset correction amount for daily power generation.

[0017] Based on the above embodiments, the specific process of the charging and swapping station power consumption acquisition module is as follows: Extract the historical daily power consumption of each charging and swapping station within the target area, stored in the database, for each working day within the prediction period of each historical year within a set historical period, and record it as... Further analysis yielded the reference electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period, denoted as φ. ij .

[0018] The monitoring period is set, and the total vehicle traffic and electric vehicle traffic in the area where each charging and battery swapping station is located within the target area are obtained through the traffic management platform during the monitoring period, and these are recorded as follows: By analyzing the formula The power consumption impact coefficient γ of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area was obtained. i .

[0019] The reference electricity consumption φ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period. ij and the power consumption impact coefficient γ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area i Substitute into the formula The estimated electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. Δφ represents the preset correction amount for daily electricity consumption.

[0020] Based on the above embodiments, the analysis process of the charging and swapping station power storage analysis module is as follows: The estimated power generation of each charging and swapping station within the target area for each working day during the prediction period is calculated. and estimated electricity consumption Substitute into the formula The remaining electricity of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. Where κ represents the preset residual power correction factor.

[0021] By obtaining the current stored energy of the energy storage devices in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area from the power management center, this stored energy is denoted as q. i .

[0022] The current stored energy q of the energy storage devices in each charging and swapping station within the target area. i The remaining electricity of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period. Substitute into the formula The net stored capacity of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the forecast period is obtained. Where λ represents the preset net storage power correction factor.

[0023] The net stored electricity of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area during the prediction period is accumulated to obtain the cumulative electricity available for peak shaving of the charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period, which is denoted as Q′.

[0024] Based on the above embodiments, the specific process of the charging and battery swapping station peak-shaving capacity assessment module is as follows: extract the planned peak-shaving power of the charging and battery swapping station within the target area prediction period stored in the database, and record it as Q. 计划 The cumulative electricity Q′ available for peak shaving at charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period and the planned peak shaving electricity Q′ at charging and battery swapping stations will be used. 计划 Substitute into the formula The energy storage and charging compliance coefficient μ of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is obtained, where e represents the natural constant and ΔQ represents the preset peak-shaving energy deviation threshold.

[0025] The power storage compliance coefficient of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is compared with the preset power storage compliance coefficient threshold. If the power storage compliance coefficient of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is greater than or equal to the preset power storage compliance coefficient threshold, then the power storage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is sufficient to meet the peak shaving demand, and there is no need to pre-regulate the power consumption of each charging and swapping station in the target area. Otherwise, the power storage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is insufficient to meet the peak shaving demand. The planned peak shaving power of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is subtracted from the cumulative power available for peak shaving of the charging and swapping stations, to obtain the planned peak shaving power shortage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period, and the designated charging and swapping station screening processing module is executed.

[0026] Based on the above embodiments, the specific process of the designated charging and battery swapping station screening module includes: extracting the historical charging frequency and historical average charging duration for each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area from the database, corresponding to each working day within the prediction period in each historical year of the set historical period, and recording them as follows: and x represents the number of the x-th charging pile, x = 1, 2, ..., y. Further analysis yields the charging frequency ratio coefficient and charging duration ratio coefficient for each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area, which are denoted as follows:

[0027] The charging frequency ratio coefficient of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area. and charging time ratio coefficient Substitute into the formula Obtain the usage frequency of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area. τ1 and τ2 represent the weighting factors of the preset charging frequency ratio coefficient and charging duration ratio coefficient, respectively; n represents the total number of charging and battery swapping stations; and y represents the total number of charging piles.

[0028] The usage frequency of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station in the target area is compared with a preset usage frequency threshold. If the usage frequency of a charging pile in a certain charging and battery swapping station in the target area is less than the preset usage frequency threshold, the charging pile is marked as a marked charging pile. The marked charging piles in each charging and battery swapping station in the target area are statistically obtained.

[0029] Extract the historical daily charging volume of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area stored in the database, for each working day within the predicted period in each historical year of the set historical period, and record it as: By analyzing the formula The estimated total electricity consumption w of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period is obtained. ix .

[0030] Based on the estimated total electricity consumption of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period, the estimated total electricity consumption of each marked charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period is selected. The estimated total electricity consumption of each marked charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period is accumulated to obtain the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area.

[0031] Based on the above embodiments, the specific process of the designated charging and swapping station screening and processing module further includes: sorting each charging and swapping station in the target area in descending order of adjustable power capacity, to obtain the sorted charging and swapping stations.

[0032] The adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station after sorting is compared with the planned peak-shaving shortage of charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period. If the cumulative amount of the adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station ranked before a certain charging and swapping station is less than or equal to the planned peak-shaving shortage, and the cumulative amount of the adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station ranked before the next adjacent charging and swapping station is greater than the planned peak-shaving shortage, then the charging and swapping station and each charging and swapping station ranked before it need to carry out power consumption pre-regulation, and the charging and swapping station and each charging and swapping station ranked before it are recorded as each designated charging and swapping station.

[0033] Based on the marked charging piles in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area, the marked charging piles in each designated charging and battery swapping station are selected. The use of each marked charging pile is restricted by the local controller of each designated charging and battery swapping station, and the number of each designated charging and battery swapping station is sent to the power grid operation and management center of the target area.

[0034] Compared with existing technologies, the intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation described in this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation provided by this invention obtains the cumulative and planned peak shaving capacity of charging and swapping stations within the prediction period of the target area, determines whether the power storage and charging capacity of charging and swapping stations within the prediction period of the target area meets the peak shaving demand, further filters out each charging and swapping station that needs to be pre-regulated in terms of power consumption, and performs corresponding processing, so as to realize the advance prediction and targeted advance regulation of the power consumption of charging and swapping stations and their equipment before the arrival of the peak power consumption period, thereby alleviating the pressure during the peak power consumption period.

[0035] 2. This invention obtains the remaining electricity of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period, thereby obtaining the cumulative electricity available for peak shaving at the charging and battery swapping stations within the forecast period in the target area. It then determines whether the electricity storage of the charging and battery swapping stations within the forecast period in the target area meets the peak shaving demand. Before entering the peak electricity consumption period, it conducts a preliminary analysis of the electricity reserves of the charging and battery swapping stations to determine whether the electricity storage of the charging and battery swapping stations has the ability to alleviate peak electricity consumption. In this way, it can proactively regulate the electricity consumption of the charging and battery swapping stations, improve the timeliness of existing methods, and provide a guarantee for alleviating peak electricity consumption.

[0036] 3. This invention obtains the planned peak-shaving shortage of charging and battery swapping stations within the target area prediction period and the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area, thereby screening out each charging and battery swapping station that needs to be pre-regulated, and performing corresponding processing. Based on the utilization rate of the charging and battery swapping stations and their charging and battery swapping equipment, targeted regulation is then carried out, thereby improving the flexibility of the existing method. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a system module connection diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation, including a charging and swapping station power generation acquisition module, a charging and swapping station power consumption acquisition module, a charging and swapping station power storage and analysis module, a charging and swapping station peak shaving capacity assessment module, a designated charging and swapping station screening and processing module, and a database.

[0041] The charging and swapping station power storage and analysis module is connected to the charging and swapping station power generation acquisition module and the charging and swapping station power consumption acquisition module, respectively. The charging and swapping station peak shaving capacity assessment module is connected to the charging and swapping station power storage and analysis module and the designated charging and swapping station screening and processing module, respectively. The database is connected to the charging and swapping station power generation acquisition module, the charging and swapping station power consumption acquisition module, the charging and swapping station peak shaving capacity assessment module, and the designated charging and swapping station screening and processing module, respectively.

[0042] The database is used to store historical information of charging and battery swapping stations, historical information of the areas where the charging and battery swapping stations are located, and historical information of charging piles in the charging and battery swapping stations. It also stores the planned peak-shaving power of the charging and battery swapping stations in the target area within the prediction period.

[0043] Furthermore, the historical information of the charging and swapping stations in the database includes the historical daily photovoltaic power generation and historical daily electricity consumption of each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day in the prediction period of each historical year within the set historical period. The historical information of the area where the charging and swapping stations are located includes the historical sunshine duration and historical average temperature of the area where the charging and swapping stations are located within the target area for each working day in the prediction period of each historical year within the set historical period. The historical information of the charging piles in the charging and swapping stations includes the historical number of charging sessions, historical average charging time, and historical daily charging volume of each charging pile in each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day in the prediction period of each historical year within the set historical period.

[0044] The charging and swapping station power generation acquisition module is used to acquire the estimated power generation of each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day between the current time and the start time of the next peak electricity consumption period, and record it as the estimated power generation of each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day within the prediction period.

[0045] Furthermore, the specific process of the charging and swapping station power generation acquisition module is as follows: Extract the historical daily photovoltaic power generation of each charging and swapping station within the target area, stored in the database, for each working day within the prediction period of each historical year within a set historical period, and record it as... i represents the number of the i-th charging and swapping station, i = 1, 2, ..., n; u represents the number of the u-th historical year within the set historical period, u = 1, 2, ..., v; j represents the number of the j-th working day within the prediction period, j = 1, 2, ..., m.

[0046] The historical daily photovoltaic power generation of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area is predicted for each working day within the historical year of the set historical period. Substitute into the formula The reference power generation β of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. ij Where χ represents the preset correction factor for reference power generation, and v represents the total number of historical years. This represents the historical daily photovoltaic power generation of the i-th charging and battery swapping station within the target area, predicted for the j-th working day of the (u+1)-th historical year within a set historical period. This represents the historical daily photovoltaic power generation of the i-th charging and swapping station within the target area, predicted for the j-th working day within the (u-1)-th historical year of the set historical period.

[0047] The sunshine duration and average temperature of each charging and battery swapping station location within the target area are obtained from the meteorological platform for each weekday during the forecast period, and are denoted as follows: and

[0048] Extract the historical sunshine duration and historical average temperature of each charging and battery swapping station location within the target area from the database for each historical year within the set historical period, corresponding to each working day within the prediction period, and record them as follows: and By analyzing the formula The power generation impact coefficient δ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period is obtained. ij ε1 and ε2 represent the preset weighting factors for illumination duration and average temperature, respectively.

[0049] The reference power generation β of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period. ij and power generation impact coefficient δ ij Substitute into the formula The estimated power generation of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. Δβ represents the preset correction amount for daily power generation.

[0050] The power consumption acquisition module for charging and swapping stations is used to acquire the estimated power consumption of each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day within the prediction period.

[0051] Furthermore, the specific process of the charging and swapping station power consumption acquisition module is as follows: Extract the historical daily power consumption of each charging and swapping station within the target area, stored in the database, for each working day within the prediction period of each historical year within a set historical period, and record it as... Further analysis yielded the reference electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period, denoted as φ.ij .

[0052] The monitoring period is set, and the total vehicle traffic and electric vehicle traffic in the area where each charging and battery swapping station is located within the target area are obtained through the traffic management platform during the monitoring period, and these are recorded as follows: By analyzing the formula The power consumption impact coefficient γ of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area was obtained. i .

[0053] The reference electricity consumption φ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period. ij and the power consumption impact coefficient γ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area i Substitute into the formula The estimated electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. Δφ represents the preset correction amount for daily electricity consumption.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, the reference electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area for each working day within the prediction period is obtained by substituting the historical daily electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area for each working day within the prediction period in each historical year of the set historical period into the formula. The reference electricity consumption φ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area for each working day within the forecast period is obtained. ij ,in This represents the correction factor for the preset reference power consumption. This represents the historical daily electricity consumption of the i-th charging / swapping station within the target area, predicted for the j-th working day within the (u+1)-th historical year of the set historical period. This represents the historical daily electricity consumption of the i-th charging and battery swapping station within the target area, specifically the predicted daily electricity consumption on the j-th working day within the (u-1)-th historical year of the set historical period.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the formula for calculating the total vehicle flow is: The formula for calculating the flow rate of the electric vehicle is as follows:

[0056] The charging and swapping station power storage analysis module is used to obtain the remaining power of each charging and swapping station in the target area on each working day of the forecast period based on the estimated power generation and estimated power consumption of each charging and swapping station in the target area on each working day of the forecast period. It also obtains the current stored power of the energy storage devices in each charging and swapping station in the target area. Based on the current stored power of the energy storage devices in each charging and swapping station in the target area and the remaining power of each charging and swapping station in the target area on each working day of the forecast period, it analyzes and obtains the net stored power of each charging and swapping station in the target area during the forecast period. Furthermore, it obtains the cumulative power available for peak shaving of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period.

[0057] Furthermore, the analysis process of the charging and swapping station power storage and analysis module is as follows: The estimated power generation of each charging and swapping station within the target area for each working day during the prediction period is calculated. and estimated electricity consumption Substitute into the formula The remaining electricity of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. Where κ represents the preset residual power correction factor.

[0058] By obtaining the current stored energy of the energy storage devices in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area from the power management center, this stored energy is denoted as q. i .

[0059] The current stored energy q of the energy storage devices in each charging and swapping station within the target area. i The remaining electricity of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period. Substitute into the formula The net stored capacity of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the forecast period is obtained. Where λ represents the preset net storage power correction factor.

[0060] The net stored electricity of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area during the prediction period is accumulated to obtain the cumulative electricity available for peak shaving of the charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period, which is denoted as Q′.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the surplus electricity can be positive or negative. When the surplus electricity is positive, it indicates that the power generation is greater than the power consumption, and the remaining power generation will be stored in the energy storage device of the charging and swapping station. When the surplus electricity is negative, it indicates that the power generation is less than the power consumption, and the power will be drawn from the energy storage device of the charging and swapping station to make up for the shortfall in power generation.

[0062] As a preferred option, the energy storage device in the charging and swapping station can be a comprehensive energy storage device in the charging and swapping station, or it can be the sum of various small energy storage devices in the charging and swapping station.

[0063] The charging and swapping station peak-shaving capacity assessment module is used to compare the cumulative amount of electricity available for peak shaving at the charging and swapping station within the target area prediction period with the planned peak-shaving amount, determine whether the electricity storage and charging capacity of the charging and swapping station within the target area prediction period meets the peak-shaving demand, and if it does not meet the peak-shaving demand, obtain the planned peak-shaving shortfall amount of electricity at the charging and swapping station within the target area prediction period, and execute the designated charging and swapping station screening and processing module.

[0064] Furthermore, the specific process of the charging and battery swapping station peak-shaving capacity assessment module is as follows: extract the planned peak-shaving power of the charging and battery swapping stations within the target area prediction period stored in the database, and record it as Q. 计划 The cumulative electricity Q′ available for peak shaving at charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period and the planned peak shaving electricity Q′ at charging and battery swapping stations will be used. 计划 Substitute into the formula The energy storage and charging compliance coefficient μ of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is obtained, where e represents the natural constant and ΔQ represents the preset peak-shaving energy deviation threshold.

[0065] The power storage compliance coefficient of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is compared with the preset power storage compliance coefficient threshold. If the power storage compliance coefficient of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is greater than or equal to the preset power storage compliance coefficient threshold, then the power storage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is sufficient to meet the peak shaving demand, and there is no need to pre-regulate the power consumption of each charging and swapping station in the target area. Otherwise, the power storage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is insufficient to meet the peak shaving demand. The planned peak shaving power of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is subtracted from the cumulative power available for peak shaving of the charging and swapping stations, to obtain the planned peak shaving power shortage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period, and the designated charging and swapping station screening processing module is executed.

[0066] It should be noted that this invention obtains the remaining electricity of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period, thereby obtaining the cumulative electricity available for peak shaving at the charging and battery swapping stations within the forecast period in the target area. It then determines whether the electricity storage of the charging and battery swapping stations within the forecast period in the target area meets the peak shaving demand. Before entering the peak electricity consumption period, it conducts a preliminary analysis of the electricity reserves of the charging and battery swapping stations to determine whether the electricity storage of the charging and battery swapping stations has the ability to alleviate peak electricity consumption. In this way, it can proactively regulate the electricity consumption of the charging and battery swapping stations, improve the timeliness of existing methods, and provide a guarantee for alleviating peak electricity consumption.

[0067] The designated charging and battery swapping station screening and processing module is used to obtain the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area. Based on the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area and the planned peak-shaving power shortage of the charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period, the module screens out each charging and battery swapping station that needs to be pre-regulated for electricity consumption, records them as designated charging and battery swapping stations, and performs corresponding processing.

[0068] Furthermore, the specific process of the designated charging and battery swapping station screening module includes: extracting the historical charging frequency and historical average charging duration for each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area from the database, corresponding to each working day within the prediction period in each historical year of the set historical period, and recording them as follows: and x represents the number of the x-th charging pile, x = 1, 2, ..., y. Further analysis yields the charging frequency ratio coefficient and charging duration ratio coefficient for each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area, which are denoted as follows:

[0069] The charging frequency ratio coefficient of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area. and charging time ratio coefficient Substitute into the formula Obtain the usage frequency of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area. τ1 and τ2 represent the weighting factors of the preset charging frequency ratio coefficient and charging duration ratio coefficient, respectively; n represents the total number of charging and battery swapping stations; and y represents the total number of charging piles.

[0070] The usage frequency of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station in the target area is compared with a preset usage frequency threshold. If the usage frequency of a charging pile in a certain charging and battery swapping station in the target area is less than the preset usage frequency threshold, the charging pile is marked as a marked charging pile. The marked charging piles in each charging and battery swapping station in the target area are statistically obtained.

[0071] Extract the historical daily charging volume of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area stored in the database, for each working day within the predicted period in each historical year of the set historical period, and record it as: By analyzing the formula The estimated total electricity consumption w of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period is obtained. ix .

[0072] Based on the estimated total electricity consumption of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period, the estimated total electricity consumption of each marked charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period is selected. The estimated total electricity consumption of each marked charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period is accumulated to obtain the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area.

[0073] As a preferred embodiment, the charging frequency ratio coefficient and charging duration ratio coefficient of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area are specifically obtained by substituting the historical charging frequency coefficient of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area into the formula for each working day within the predicted period in each historical year of the set historical period. Obtain the charging frequency ratio coefficient of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area. This represents the historical charging count of the x-th charging pile in the i-th charging and battery swapping station within the target area, on the predicted j-th working day within the (u+1)-th historical year of the set historical period. This represents the number of historical charging sessions for the x-th charging pile at the i-th charging and battery swapping station within the target area, on the j-th working day of the predicted period within the (u-1)-th historical year of the set historical period.

[0074] Similarly, based on the analysis method of the charging frequency ratio coefficient of each charging pile in each charging and swapping station in the target area, the charging time ratio coefficient of each charging pile in each charging and swapping station in the target area is obtained.

[0075] Furthermore, the specific process of the designated charging and swapping station screening and processing module also includes: sorting each charging and swapping station in the target area in descending order of adjustable power capacity, thus obtaining the sorted charging and swapping stations.

[0076] The adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station after sorting is compared with the planned peak-shaving shortage of charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period. If the cumulative amount of the adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station ranked before a certain charging and swapping station is less than or equal to the planned peak-shaving shortage, and the cumulative amount of the adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station ranked before the next adjacent charging and swapping station is greater than the planned peak-shaving shortage, then the charging and swapping station and each charging and swapping station ranked before it need to carry out power consumption pre-regulation, and the charging and swapping station and each charging and swapping station ranked before it are recorded as each designated charging and swapping station.

[0077] Based on the marked charging piles in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area, the marked charging piles in each designated charging and battery swapping station are selected. The use of each marked charging pile is restricted by the local controller of each designated charging and battery swapping station, and the number of each designated charging and battery swapping station is sent to the power grid operation and management center of the target area.

[0078] As a preferred embodiment, the method for restricting the use of marked charging stations includes, but is not limited to, limiting the power consumption of the charging stations or limiting the time period during which the charging stations are used.

[0079] As a preferred option, when the next peak electricity consumption period arrives, the power grid operation and management center of the target area will prioritize connecting the electricity stored in the energy storage devices of each designated charging and battery swapping station to the grid.

[0080] It should be noted that this invention obtains the planned peak-shaving deficit of charging and swapping stations within the target area prediction period and the adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station within the target area, thereby screening out each charging and swapping station that needs to be pre-regulated, and processing it accordingly. Based on the utilization rate of the charging and swapping stations and their charging and swapping equipment, targeted regulation is then carried out, thereby improving the flexibility of the existing method.

[0081] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation, characterized in that, include: Database: Used to store historical information of charging and battery swapping stations, historical information of the areas where the charging and battery swapping stations are located, and historical information of charging piles in the charging and battery swapping stations, as well as the planned peak-shaving power of charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period; Charging and swapping station power generation acquisition module: used to acquire the estimated power generation of each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day between the current time and the start time of the next peak electricity consumption period, and record it as the estimated power generation of each charging and swapping station in the target area for each working day within the forecast period. Electricity consumption acquisition module for charging and battery swapping stations: used to acquire the estimated electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area for each working day within the forecast period; The charging and swapping station power storage analysis module is used to obtain the remaining power of each charging and swapping station in the target area on each working day of the forecast period based on the estimated power generation and estimated power consumption of each charging and swapping station in the target area during the forecast period. It also obtains the current stored power of the energy storage devices in each charging and swapping station in the target area. Based on the current stored power of the energy storage devices in each charging and swapping station in the target area and the remaining power of each charging and swapping station in the target area on each working day of the forecast period, it analyzes and obtains the net stored power of each charging and swapping station in the target area during the forecast period. Furthermore, it obtains the cumulative power available for peak shaving of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period. The charging and swapping station peak shaving capacity assessment module is used to compare the cumulative amount of electricity available for peak shaving at the charging and swapping stations in the target area within the forecast period with the planned peak shaving amount. It determines whether the electricity storage capacity of the charging and swapping stations in the target area within the forecast period meets the peak shaving demand. If it does not meet the peak shaving demand, it obtains the planned peak shaving shortage amount of the charging and swapping stations in the target area within the forecast period and executes the designated charging and swapping station screening and processing module. Designated charging and battery swapping station screening and processing module: used to obtain the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area, and based on the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area and the planned peak-shaving power shortage of the charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period, screen out each charging and battery swapping station that needs to be pre-regulated by electricity consumption, record them as designated charging and battery swapping stations, and perform corresponding processing.

2. The intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The database contains historical information on charging and battery swapping stations, including the historical daily photovoltaic power generation and historical daily electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area, corresponding to each working day within the prediction period of each historical year in the set historical period. It also contains historical information on the areas where the charging and battery swapping stations are located, including the historical sunshine duration and historical average temperature of each area within the target area, corresponding to each working day within the prediction period of each historical year in the set historical period. Finally, it contains historical information on charging piles within the charging and battery swapping stations, including the historical number of charging sessions, historical average charging duration per session, and historical daily charging volume of each charging pile within the target area, corresponding to each working day within the prediction period of each historical year in the set historical period.

3. The intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific process of the charging / swapping station power generation acquisition module is as follows: Extract the historical daily photovoltaic power generation of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area from the database, for each working day within the predicted period in each historical year of the set historical period, and record it as follows: i represents the number of the i-th charging and swapping station, i = 1, 2, ..., n; u represents the number of the u-th historical year within the set historical period, u = 1, 2, ..., v; j represents the number of the j-th working day within the prediction period, j = 1, 2, ..., m; The historical daily photovoltaic power generation of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area is predicted for each working day within the historical year of the set historical period. Substitute into the formula The reference power generation β of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. ij Where χ represents the preset correction factor for reference power generation, and v represents the total number of historical years. This represents the historical daily photovoltaic power generation of the i-th charging and battery swapping station within the target area, predicted for the j-th working day of the (u+1)-th historical year within a set historical period. This represents the historical daily photovoltaic power generation of the i-th charging and swapping station in the target area, predicted for the j-th working day within the (u-1)-th historical year of the set historical period; The sunshine duration and average temperature of each charging and battery swapping station location within the target area are obtained from the meteorological platform for each weekday during the forecast period, and are denoted as follows: and Extract the historical sunshine duration and historical average temperature of each charging and battery swapping station location within the target area from the database for each historical year within the set historical period, corresponding to each working day within the prediction period, and record them as follows: and By analyzing the formula The power generation impact coefficient δ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period is obtained. ij , where ε1 and ε2 represent the preset weighting factors for illumination duration and average temperature, respectively; The reference power generation β of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period. ij and power generation impact coefficient δ ij Substitute into the formula The estimated power generation of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. Δβ represents the preset correction amount for daily power generation.

4. The intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific process of the power consumption acquisition module for the charging and swapping station is as follows: Extract the historical daily electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area from the database for each predicted working day within the set historical period of each historical year, and record it as follows: Further analysis yielded the reference electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period, denoted as φ. ij ; The monitoring period is set, and the total vehicle traffic and electric vehicle traffic in the area where each charging and battery swapping station is located within the target area are obtained through the traffic management platform during the monitoring period, and these are recorded as follows: By analyzing the formula The power consumption impact coefficient γ of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area was obtained. i ; The reference electricity consumption φ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area on each working day within the forecast period. ij and the power consumption impact coefficient γ of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area i Substitute into the formula The estimated electricity consumption of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. Δφ represents the preset correction amount for daily electricity consumption.

5. The intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis process of the power storage and analysis module of the charging and swapping station is as follows: The estimated power generation of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period. and estimated electricity consumption Substitute into the formula The remaining electricity of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period is obtained. Where κ represents the preset residual power correction factor; By obtaining the current stored energy of the energy storage devices in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area from the power management center, this stored energy is denoted as q. i ; The current stored energy q of the energy storage devices in each charging and swapping station within the target area. i The remaining electricity of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area on each working day during the forecast period. Substitute into the formula The net stored capacity of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the forecast period is obtained. Where λ represents the preset net storage power correction factor; The net stored electricity of each charging and battery swapping station in the target area during the prediction period is accumulated to obtain the cumulative electricity available for peak shaving of the charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period, which is denoted as Q′.

6. The intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of the peak-shaving capacity assessment module for the charging and swapping station is as follows: Extract the planned peak-shaving power of charging and battery swapping stations within the target area prediction period stored in the database, and denote it as Q. 计划 The cumulative electricity Q′ available for peak shaving at charging and battery swapping stations in the target area during the forecast period and the planned peak shaving electricity Q′ at charging and battery swapping stations will be used. 计划 Substitute into the formula The energy storage and charging compliance coefficient μ of the charging and swapping stations in the target area within the prediction period is obtained, where e represents the natural constant and ΔQ represents the preset peak-shaving energy deviation threshold. The power storage compliance coefficient of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is compared with the preset power storage compliance coefficient threshold. If the power storage compliance coefficient of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is greater than or equal to the preset power storage compliance coefficient threshold, then the power storage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is sufficient to meet the peak shaving demand, and there is no need to pre-regulate the power consumption of each charging and swapping station in the target area. Otherwise, the power storage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is insufficient to meet the peak shaving demand. The planned peak shaving power of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period is subtracted from the cumulative power available for peak shaving of the charging and swapping stations, to obtain the planned peak shaving power shortage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period, and the designated charging and swapping station screening processing module is executed.

7. The intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific process of the designated charging / swapping station screening module includes: Extract the historical charging frequency and historical average charging duration for each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area stored in the database. For each historical year within a set historical period, extract the historical charging frequency and historical average charging duration for each working day within the prediction period. Record these values ​​as follows: and x represents the number of the x-th charging pile, x = 1, 2, ..., y. Further analysis yields the charging frequency ratio coefficient and charging duration ratio coefficient for each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area, which are denoted as follows: The charging frequency ratio coefficient of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area. and charging time ratio coefficient Substitute into the formula Obtain the usage frequency of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area. τ1 and τ2 represent the weighting factors of the preset charging frequency ratio coefficient and charging time ratio coefficient, respectively; n represents the total number of charging and battery swapping stations; and y represents the total number of charging piles. The usage frequency of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station in the target area is compared with the preset usage frequency threshold. If the usage frequency of a charging pile in a certain charging and battery swapping station in the target area is less than the preset usage frequency threshold, the charging pile is marked as a marked charging pile. The marked charging piles in each charging and battery swapping station in the target area are statistically obtained. Extract the historical daily charging volume of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area stored in the database, for each working day within the predicted period in each historical year of the set historical period, and record it as: By analyzing the formula The estimated total electricity consumption w of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period is obtained. ix ; Based on the estimated total electricity consumption of each charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period, the estimated total electricity consumption of each marked charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period is selected. The estimated total electricity consumption of each marked charging pile in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area during the prediction period is accumulated to obtain the adjustable power reserve of each charging and battery swapping station within the target area.

8. The intelligent monitoring and control system for charging and swapping equipment based on power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of the designated charging and swapping station screening module also includes: The charging and battery swapping stations within the target area are sorted in descending order of adjustable power capacity to obtain the sorted charging and battery swapping stations. The adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station after sorting is compared with the planned peak-shaving power shortage of the charging and swapping stations in the target area during the prediction period. If the cumulative amount of the adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station ranked before a certain charging and swapping station is less than or equal to the planned peak-shaving power shortage, and the cumulative amount of the adjustable power reserve of each charging and swapping station ranked before the next adjacent charging and swapping station is greater than the planned peak-shaving power shortage, then the charging and swapping station and each charging and swapping station ranked before it need to carry out power consumption pre-regulation, and the charging and swapping station and each charging and swapping station ranked before it are recorded as each designated charging and swapping station. Based on the marked charging piles in each charging and battery swapping station within the target area, the marked charging piles in each designated charging and battery swapping station are selected. The use of each marked charging pile is restricted by the local controller of each designated charging and battery swapping station, and the number of each designated charging and battery swapping station is sent to the power grid operation and management center of the target area.

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