Ship water tank anti-freezing system and water tank anti-freezing method

Abstract

The application provides a ship water tank anti-freezing system and a water tank anti-freezing method. A first isolation valve, a first ballast main pipe between a ballast tank system and a cooling seawater pump are connected through a second pipe and a third pipe, the third pipe is connected with an overboard drainage pipe through a fourth pipe, the second pipe is connected with the fourth pipe through a fifth pipe, and the first, second, third, fourth and fifth pipes are respectively provided with first, second, third, fourth and fifth control valves. Each ballast tank is connected with a second ballast tank branch pipe, a second branch pipe valve is arranged on the second ballast tank branch pipe, and a plurality of second isolation valves are arranged on each ballast main pipe and located between the first and second branch pipe valves of each ballast tank. The application utilizes the heat discharged into the sea by the existing cooling seawater system on the ship to realize the heating and circulating disturbance flow of the water in the water tank and avoid the ice formation in the ballast tank.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the anti-freezing design of ballast water tank, in particular to a ship water tank anti-freezing system and a water tank anti-freezing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fresh water or ballast water tank above the waterline of the ship is often adjacent to the ship's outer plate. When the ship sails in a low temperature environment, the seawater or fresh water in the tank exchanges heat with the low temperature air outside through the ship's outer plate, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the seawater or fresh water in the tank, which causes freezing. The frozen seawater or fresh water cannot be pumped, and the volume of the frozen water expands, which can damage the structure of the water tank and adversely affect the safe operation of the ship.

[0003] To prevent the water tank from freezing, there are currently two main methods. Method one is to inject compressed air into the tank, as shown in the principle of Figure 1 The air compressor 1 fills compressed air into the air bottle 2, and the air bottle 2 injects compressed air into the water tank 3. The compressed air pipe in the water tank 3 is provided with a large number of small holes, and the compressed air is sprayed out of the small holes and rises up due to the density difference with the water. The water tank is provided with an air pipe, and the compressed air eventually rises out of the air pipe. This method uses the disturbance of compressed air to the water in the tank to prevent the water from freezing.

[0004] Method two is to use heating coils in the water tank to heat the water tank above the freezing temperature by using steam, hot water, hot oil or electric heating as heating medium. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a water tank steam heating anti-freezing system. The steam generated by the boiler 4 is transported to the heating coil 6 in the water tank through the steam pipe 5, and the steam transfers heat to the water through the heating coil 6 to keep the water temperature above the freezing temperature. The gas-water mixture after heat exchange in the heating coil 6 passes through the drain valve 7, and the condensate enters the atmospheric condenser 8 and the hot well 9, and then the condensate is transported to the boiler by the boiler feed water pump 10 to be heated into steam to circulate to the water tank 3 for heating.

[0005] The existing water tank anti-freezing technology has the following shortcomings:

[0006] (1) The air compressor, air bottle, boiler and other equipment need to be set up, increasing the cost of shipbuilding.

[0007] (2) A large amount of electric energy or fuel oil is consumed for the operation of the above-mentioned water tank anti-freezing equipment.

[0008] (3) The above-mentioned water tank anti-freezing equipment and piping system need to be maintained, which greatly increases the workload of the crew.

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to realize the anti-freezing of the water tank without increasing the main equipment, by using the existing seawater cooling and ballast system on the ship. SUMMARY

[0010] The application provides a ship water tank anti-freezing system, the ship is provided with two-way ballast tank treatment systems, the first ballast main pipe and the second ballast main pipe of the two-way ballast tank treatment systems are provided with a seabed valve box, a ballast pump, a treatment device and a ballast tank system connected in sequence, a first isolation valve is arranged between the treatment device and the ballast tank system, the ballast tank system comprises a plurality of ballast tanks, a first total valve for connecting the two-way ballast tank systems is arranged between the first ballast main pipe and the second ballast main pipe, a first ballast tank branch pipe is connected between the ballast tank and the ballast main pipe, a first branch pipe valve is arranged on the first ballast tank branch pipe, the first ballast main pipe and the second ballast main pipe between the seabed valve box and the ballast pump are connected with a cooling seawater pump through a first pipeline, the cooling seawater pump is connected with a central cooler, the central cooler is connected with an outboard drain pipeline through a side valve,

[0011] the first ballast main pipe between the first isolation valve and the ballast tank system is connected with the cooling seawater pump through a second pipeline and a third pipeline, the third pipeline is connected with the outboard drain pipeline through a fourth pipeline, the second pipeline is connected with the fourth pipeline through a fifth pipeline, and the first pipeline, the second pipeline, the third pipeline, the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline are respectively provided with a first control valve, a second control valve, a third control valve, a fourth control valve and a fifth control valve;

[0012] a second ballast tank branch pipe is further connected between each ballast tank and the ballast main pipe thereof, and a second branch pipe valve is arranged on the second ballast tank branch pipe;

[0013] a plurality of second isolation valves are arranged on each ballast main pipe and located between the first branch pipe valve and the second branch pipe valve of each ballast tank.

[0014] one end of the fourth pipeline is connected to the third pipeline at the water inlet of the third control valve;

[0015] one end of the fifth pipeline is connected to the second pipeline at the water inlet of the second control valve, and the other end is connected to the fourth pipeline at the water outlet of the fourth control valve;

[0016] in the flow direction of the ballast water in the ballast main pipe, the first ballast tank branch pipe is located in front of the second ballast tank branch pipe.

[0017] Further, one end of the second pipeline and one end of the third pipeline are connected with a sixth pipeline 360, and the sixth pipeline 360 is connected with the first ballast main pipe to connect the second pipeline and the third pipeline with the cooling seawater pump.

[0018] Further, the first branch pipe valve and the second branch pipe valve are connected with water inlets located on both sides of the ballast tank.

[0019] A kind of water tank anti-freezing method of the above-mentioned ship water tank anti-freezing system, in the case where ballast pump and first control valve are closed, cooling seawater pump extracts the ballast water of each ballast tank on one ballast main pipe in turn and sends to central cooler, after heat exchange in central cooler, ballast water is returned to current ballast tank through another ballast main pipe.

[0020] Further, the water circulation anti-freezing step of single ballast tank on first ballast main pipe is:

[0021] Close side valve, fifth control valve, first isolation valve, third control valve, first control valve, second isolation valve between two ballast tank branch pipes of ballast tank, open second control valve, fourth control valve,

[0022] Ballast water in ballast tank passes through first ballast tank branch pipe, first ballast main pipe, second pipeline in turn to reach cooling seawater pump and is transported to central cooler, after heat exchange in central cooler, the temperature of ballast water is raised, and the raised ballast water returns to current ballast tank through fourth pipeline, third pipeline, second ballast main pipe, first main valve, second ballast tank branch pipe in turn.

[0023] Further, the water circulation anti-freezing step of single ballast tank on second ballast main pipe is:

[0024] Close side valve, fourth control valve, first isolation valve, second control valve, first control valve, second isolation valve between two ballast tank branch pipes of ballast tank, open third control valve, fifth control valve,

[0025] Ballast water in ballast tank passes through first ballast tank branch pipe, second ballast main pipe, third pipeline in turn to reach cooling seawater pump and is transported to central cooler, after heat exchange in central cooler, the temperature of ballast water is raised, and the raised ballast water returns to current ballast tank through fourth pipeline, fifth pipeline, second pipeline, first ballast main pipe, first main valve, second ballast tank branch pipe in turn.

[0026] The application utilizes the heat discharged to the sea by the existing cooling seawater system on the ship to realize heating and circulating disturbance flow of water in the water tank, and has the advantages that:

[0027] 1) No air compressor and boiler, no additional investment in purchasing such equipment.

[0028] 2) No power consumption required for air compressor operation or electric heater operation, the application does not increase power consumption and realizes water tank anti-freezing.

[0029] 3) No fuel required for boiler operation and no power consumption required for boiler feed pump operation.

[0030] 4) The cooling seawater pump in the application is continuously operated regardless of water tank anti-freezing, and does not increase power consumption for water tank anti-freezing.

[0031] 5) This invention provides dual antifreeze for the water tank: firstly, the heat released by the central cooler to the cooling seawater system is used to heat the water tank to prevent freezing; secondly, the operation of the cooling seawater pump circulates the water in the tank to prevent freezing. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of injecting compressed air into the water tank to prevent icing in existing technologies;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of using heating coils to heat ballast water to prevent icing in water tanks in existing technologies.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a ship water tank antifreeze system based on existing technology;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a ship water tank antifreeze system provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a structural distribution diagram of the two-way ballast tank system;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of implementing antifreeze operation for the ballast tanks on the first ballast manifold in Example 1.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of implementing antifreeze operation on the ballast tanks of the second ballast manifold in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0040] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0041] To fully understand this invention, detailed steps and structures will be presented in the following description to illustrate the technical solution of this invention. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in detail below; however, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the invention may have other embodiments.

[0042] Figure 3 The structure principle diagram of a ship water tank anti-freezing system in the prior art. The ship is provided with two-way ballast tank treatment systems, the first ballast main pipe 100 and the second ballast main pipe 200 of the two-way ballast tank treatment systems each contain a seabed valve box 21, a ballast pump 22, a treatment device 23 and a ballast tank system 30 connected in series, a first isolation valve 24 is arranged between the treatment device 23 and the ballast tank system 30, the ballast tank system 30 contains a plurality of ballast tanks 31, a first total valve 32 for connecting the two-way ballast tank systems 30 is arranged between the first ballast main pipe 100 and the second ballast main pipe 200, a first ballast tank branch pipe 33 is connected between the ballast tank 31 and the ballast main pipe, a first branch pipe valve 34 is arranged on the first ballast tank branch pipe 33, the first ballast main pipe 100 and the second ballast main pipe 200 between the seabed valve box 21 and the ballast pump 22 are connected with a cooling seawater pump 25 through a first pipe 310, the cooling seawater pump 25 is connected with a central cooler 26, and the central cooler 26 is connected with a side valve 28 through an outboard drainage pipe 27.

[0043] In the seawater cooling system, the cooling seawater pump 25 pumps seawater from the seabed valve box 21 to the central cooler 26, the seawater is heated after heat exchange in the central cooler 26, and the seawater heated at a high temperature is discharged to the outboard through the side valve 28. The cooling seawater system is continuously operated during the ship operation and berthing at the wharf.

[0044] During the ballast, the ballast pump 22 pumps seawater from the seabed valve box 21 to the treatment device 23, and the seawater is pumped to the ballast tank needing to inject ballast water through the ballast main pipe after passing through the treatment device 23. By sequentially opening the first branch pipe valve 34 of the ballast tank 31, the corresponding ballast tank 31 can be injected with ballast water.

[0045] During the ballast water discharge, the ballast water of the corresponding ballast tank is pumped out to the outboard by the ballast pump 22.

[0046] Figure 4 The structure principle diagram of a ship water tank anti-freezing system in the prior art. The ship is provided with two-way ballast tank treatment systems, the first ballast main pipe 100 and the second ballast main pipe 200 of the two-way ballast tank treatment systems each contain a seabed valve box 21, a ballast pump 22, a treatment device 23 and a ballast tank system 30 connected in series, a first isolation valve 24 is arranged between the treatment device 23 and the ballast tank system 30, the ballast tank system 30 contains a plurality of ballast tanks 31, a first total valve 32 for connecting the two-way ballast tank systems 30 is arranged between the first ballast main pipe 100 and the second ballast main pipe 200, a first ballast tank branch pipe 33 is connected between the ballast tank 31 and the ballast main pipe, a first branch pipe valve 34 is arranged on the first ballast tank branch pipe 33, the first ballast main pipe 100 and the second ballast main pipe 200 between the seabed valve box 21 and the ballast pump 22 are connected with a cooling seawater pump 25 through a first pipe 310, the cooling seawater pump 25 is connected with a central cooler 26, and the central cooler 26 is connected with a side valve 28 through an outboard drainage pipe 27. Figure 3 The improved ship water tank anti-freezing system, compared with the prior art, has the improvement that:

[0047] 1) The first ballast main pipe 100 between the first isolation valve 24 and the ballast tank system 30 is connected with the cooling seawater pump 25 through the second pipe 320 and the third pipe 330, and the third pipe 330 is connected with the overboard drain pipe 27 through the fourth pipe 340, and the second pipe 320 is connected with the fourth pipe 340 through the fifth pipe 350, and the first pipe 310, the second pipe 320, the third pipe 330, the fourth pipe 340 and the fifth pipe 350 are respectively provided with the first control valve 311, the second control valve 321, the third control valve 331, the fourth control valve 341 and the fifth control valve 351. One end of the fourth pipe 340 is connected with the third pipe 330 at the water inlet of the third control valve 331, one end of the fifth pipe 350 is connected with the second pipe 320 at the water inlet of the second control valve 321, and the other end is connected with the fourth pipe 340 at the water outlet of the fourth control valve 341.

[0048] 2) Each ballast tank 31 is also connected with the second ballast tank branch pipe 35, and the second branch pipe valve 36 is arranged on the second ballast tank branch pipe 35, and the first ballast tank branch pipe 33 is located at the front side of the second ballast tank branch pipe 35 in the direction of the ballast water flow in the ballast main pipe, as shown in Figure 5 It should be noted that the water inlets of the ballast tank 31 connected with the first ballast tank branch pipe 33 and the second ballast tank branch pipe 35 are arranged as far as possible to achieve uniform heating and flow of the water in the ballast tank, and to prevent the water injected into the ballast tank from being mixed and heated with the water in the tank and then being discharged immediately.

[0049] 3) A plurality of second isolation valves 37 are arranged on each ballast main pipe between the first branch pipe valve 34 and the second branch pipe valve 36 of each ballast tank, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0050] Example one

[0051] The following illustrates the anti-freezing operation of the ballast tank 31 on the first ballast main pipe 100, at this time the ballast pump 22 on the first ballast main pipe 100 and the second ballast main pipe 200 has stopped running, and the seawater cooling system (i.e. the cooling seawater pump 25 + the central cooler 26) is continuously running.

[0052] As shown in Figure 6 , the side valve 28, the fifth control valve 351, the two first isolation valves 24, the third control valve 331, the first control valve 311, the isolation valves 37 between the two branch pipes of the ballast tank 31 are closed (the black circles with diagonal lines on the drawing represent closed), and the second control valve 321 and the fourth control valve 341 are opened.

[0053] Ballast water in ballast tank 31 flows sequentially through the first ballast tank branch pipe 33, the first ballast main pipe 100, and the second pipe 320 to the cooling seawater pump 25 and is then transported to the central cooler 26. After heat exchange in the central cooler 25, the water temperature rises. The heated water then flows sequentially through the fourth pipe 340, the third pipe 330, the second ballast main pipe 200, the first main valve 32, and the second ballast tank branch pipe 35 back to ballast tank 31. The piping system operates in a closed-loop cycle, continuously providing heat to the water in the ballast tank from the central cooler 25, thus preventing the water in ballast tank 31-1 from freezing.

[0054] By performing the above operations sequentially on each ballast tank 31 on the first ballast main pipe 100, heating of all ballast tanks 31 on the first ballast main pipe 100 can be achieved. During this process, the water in the ballast tanks circulates, further preventing the water from freezing.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] The following example illustrates the antifreeze operation of ballast tank 31. At this time, the ballast pumps 22 on the first ballast main pipe 100 and the second ballast main pipe 200 have stopped running, while the seawater cooling system continues to operate.

[0057] like Figure 7 As shown, close the side valve 28, the fourth control valve 341, the two first isolation valves 24, the second control valve 321, the first control valve 311, and the isolation valve 37 between the two branch pipes of the ballast tank 31, and open the third control valve 331 and the fifth control valve 351.

[0058] Ballast water in ballast tank 31 flows sequentially through the first ballast tank branch pipe 33, the second ballast main pipe 200, and the third pipe 330 to the cooling seawater pump 25 and is then transported to the central cooler 26. After heat exchange in the central cooler 25, the water temperature rises. The heated water then flows sequentially through the fourth pipe 340, the fifth pipe 350, the second pipe 320, the first ballast main pipe 100, the first main valve 32, and the second ballast tank branch pipe 35 back to ballast tank 31. The piping system operates in a closed-loop cycle, ensuring that the water in ballast tank 31 continuously receives heat from the central cooler 25, thus preventing the water in ballast tank 31 from freezing.

[0059] By performing the above operations sequentially on each ballast tank 31 on the second ballast main pipe 200, heating of all ballast tanks 31 on the second ballast main pipe 200 can be achieved. During this process, the water in the ballast tanks circulates, further preventing the water from freezing.

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and that devices and structures not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in the ordinary way in the art; any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present application, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application, which does not affect the essential content of the present application. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present application, still belongs to the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A ship water tank antifreeze system, wherein the ship is equipped with two ballast tank treatment systems, and each of the first ballast main pipe (100) and the second ballast main pipe (200) of the two ballast tank treatment systems includes a seabed valve box (21), a ballast pump (22), a treatment device (23) and a ballast tank system (30) connected in series. A first isolation valve (24) is provided between the treatment device (23) and the ballast tank system (30). The ballast tank system (30) includes a plurality of ballast tanks (31). A connection for connecting the two ballast tanks is provided between the first ballast main pipe (100) and the second ballast main pipe (200). The first main valve (32) of the ballast tank system (30) is connected to the ballast tank (31) and the ballast main pipe. A first ballast tank branch pipe (33) is provided on the first ballast tank branch pipe (33). The first ballast main pipe (100) and the second ballast main pipe (200) between the seabed valve box (21) and the ballast pump (22) are all connected to the cooling seawater pump (25) through the first pipeline (310). The cooling seawater pump (25) is connected to the central cooler (26). The central cooler (26) is connected to the side valve (28) through the external drainage pipeline (27). The feature is that The first ballast main pipe (100) between the first isolation valve (24) and the ballast tank system (30) is connected to the cooling seawater pump (25) through the second pipe (320) and the third pipe (330), respectively. The third pipe (330) is connected to the overboard drainage pipe (27) through the fourth pipe (340). The second pipe (320) is connected to the fourth pipe (340) through the fifth pipe (350). The first pipe (310), the second pipe (320), the third pipe (330), the fourth pipe (340), and the fifth pipe (350) are respectively equipped with a first control valve (311), a second control valve (321), a third control valve (331), a fourth control valve (341), and a fifth control valve (351). Each ballast tank (31) is connected to its respective ballast main pipe by a second ballast tank branch pipe (35), and a second branch pipe valve (36) is provided on the second ballast tank branch pipe (35). Several second isolation valves (37) are provided on each ballast main pipe, respectively located between the first branch valve (34) and the second branch valve (36) of each ballast tank.

2. The ship water tank antifreeze system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the fourth pipe (340) is connected to the third pipe (330) at the inlet of the third control valve (331); One end of the fifth pipe (350) is connected to the second pipe (320) at the inlet of the second control valve (321), and the other end is connected to the fourth pipe (340) at the outlet of the fourth control valve (341); In the direction of ballast water flow in the ballast main pipe, the first ballast tank branch pipe (33) is located in front of the second ballast tank branch pipe (35).

3. The ship water tank antifreeze system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the second pipeline (320) and the third pipeline (330) are connected to the sixth pipeline (360), and the sixth pipeline (360) is connected to the first ballast main pipeline (100) to connect the second pipeline (320) and the third pipeline (330) to the cooling seawater pump (25).

4. The ship water tank antifreeze system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first branch valve (34) and the second branch valve (36) are connected to the water intakes located on both sides of the ballast tank (31).

5. A method for preventing freezing of ship water tanks based on the antifreeze system of claim 2, characterized in that, With the ballast pump (22), the first control valve (311), and the first isolation valve (24) all closed, the cooling seawater pump (25) sequentially draws ballast water from each ballast tank (31) on one of the ballast main pipes and sends it to the central cooler (26). After the ballast water exchanges heat in the central cooler (26), it flows back to the current ballast tank (31) through another ballast main pipe.

6. The water tank antifreeze method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The water circulation antifreeze procedure for the single ballast tank (31) on the first ballast manifold (100) is as follows: Close the side valve (28), the fifth control valve (351), the first isolation valve (24), the third control valve (331), the first control valve (311), and the second isolation valve (37) between the two ballast tank branch pipes of the ballast tank (31). Open the second control valve (321) and the fourth control valve (341). Ballast water in ballast tank (31) passes through the first ballast tank branch pipe (33), the first ballast main pipe (100), and the second pipe (320) to reach the cooling seawater pump (25) and is transported to the central cooler (26). After heat exchange in the central cooler (26), the ballast water is heated. The heated ballast water then passes through the fourth pipe (340), the third pipe (330), the second ballast main pipe (200), the first main valve (32), and the second ballast tank branch pipe (35) to return to the current ballast tank (31).

7. The water tank antifreeze method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The water circulation antifreeze procedure for the single ballast tank (31) on the second ballast manifold (200) is as follows: Close the side valve (28), the fourth control valve (341), the first isolation valve (24), the second control valve (321), the first control valve (311), and the second isolation valve (37) between the two ballast tank branch pipes of the ballast tank (31). Open the third control valve (331) and the fifth control valve (351). Ballast water in ballast tank (31) passes through the first ballast tank branch pipe (33), the second ballast main pipe (200), and the third pipe (330) to reach the cooling seawater pump (25) and is transported to the central cooler (26). After heat exchange in the central cooler (26), the ballast water is heated. The heated ballast water then passes through the fourth pipe (340), the fifth pipe (350), the second pipe (320), the first ballast main pipe (100), the first main valve (32), and the second ballast tank branch pipe (35) to return to the current ballast tank (31).

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