Rail expansion adjuster and beam end expansion device integrated laying construction method

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated laying method for rail expansion joint adjusters and beam end expansion devices, comprising the following steps: laying a substitute expansion joint adjuster and beam end expansion device, wherein the substitute expansion joint adjuster is a structure in which the pointed base rail of the standard rail expansion joint adjuster is replaced with a tool rail; laying seamless track on both sides of the beam joint; removing the tool rail and installing the pointed base rail to form the standard rail expansion joint adjuster. By laying the adjuster and beam end expansion device sleepers before laying seamless track on the left and right sides of the beam joint, and using the tool rail to temporarily replace the pointed base rail for subsequent track construction, and then replacing the pointed base rail of the rail expansion joint adjuster, the construction efficiency is improved, damage to rail components is avoided during engineering line transportation and tamping by large machinery, and the problems of pre-laying difficulties and the drawbacks of the insertion method are solved, effectively addressing the inconvenience of laying rail expansion joint adjusters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of track laying technology, and more specifically, to an integrated laying construction method for rail expansion joints and beam end expansion devices. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of high-speed railways in my country, long-span bridges are widely used on high-speed railway lines. To adapt to the expansion and contraction requirements of long-span bridges and rails, beam-end expansion joints and rail expansion joint adjusters are widely used. The traditional method of laying rail expansion joint adjusters is the "insertion method," where the rail expansion joint adjusters are inserted after the seamless track construction is completed. This method has the following drawbacks: cumbersome procedures, low efficiency, and high safety risks. The "insertion method" requires sawing rails, removing ballast, dismantling excess sleepers, and building an assembly platform on the completed seamless track. After insertion, ballast re-laying and tamping are required, resulting in numerous procedures. Furthermore, the limited working area and inaccessibility to machinery lead to low efficiency. Additionally, the long length of the rail expansion joint components poses significant safety risks during hoisting.

[0003] In conclusion, how to effectively solve the problem of inconvenient installation of rail expansion joints is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated laying method for rail expansion joints and beam end expansion devices, which can effectively solve the problem of inconvenient laying of rail expansion joints.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for laying an integrated rail expansion joint and beam end expansion device includes the following steps:

[0007] Install alternative expansion joints and beam end expansion devices, wherein the alternative expansion joint is a structure in which the tip rail of the standard rail expansion joint is replaced with a tool rail;

[0008] Lay seamless lines on both sides of the beam joint;

[0009] Remove the tool rail and install the tip rail to form the standard rail expansion adjuster.

[0010] Before seamless track is laid on both sides of the beam joint, sleepers for the rail expansion joint and beam end expansion devices are laid first. Tool rails are used to temporarily replace the point-base rails for subsequent track construction. Then, the point-base rails for the rail expansion joint are replaced. This improves construction efficiency, avoids damage to rail components during transport and tamping by heavy machinery, and solves the problems of pre-laying and the drawbacks of the insert-laying method. In summary, this integrated laying method for rail expansion joints and beam end expansion devices effectively solves the problem of inconvenient rail expansion joint laying.

[0011] Preferably, the installation of the replacement expansion joint and beam end expansion device further includes, prior to:

[0012] The ballast is laid in two layers and compacted by a road roller, or in three layers and compacted by a flat tamping machine. In the case of two-layer ballast laying, the thickness of the first layer is greater than that of the last layer. In the case of three-layer ballast laying, the thickness of each layer is no more than 100 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the laying of the alternative expansion joint and the beam end expansion device includes:

[0014] Sleepers for the beam end expansion joint are laid on both sides of the beam joint onto the ballast track bed;

[0015] The scissor fork structure of the beam end expansion joint and part of the sleepers of the beam end expansion joint are hoisted to the beam joint and connected with the three longitudinal beams that cross the beam joint longitudinally using longitudinal beam fasteners.

[0016] The sleeper on which the alternative telescopic adjuster is installed, the tool rail, and the fastener between the sleeper and the tool rail.

[0017] Preferably, the tool rail is a P60 steel rail.

[0018] Preferably, the tool rail and the sleeper are fixedly installed using temporary fasteners, which include: pressing fasteners that press the lower protrusions on both sides of the tool rail onto the pad.

[0019] Preferably, the removal of the tool rail and the installation of the pointed base rail are as follows:

[0020] After removing the tool rail and the fasteners corresponding to the tool rail, install the pointed base rail and the fasteners corresponding to the pointed base rail.

[0021] Preferably, the installation of the alternative expansion joint and the beam end expansion device is as follows:

[0022] Sleepers #7 to #12 are laid on the ballast bed on one side of the beam joint, and sleepers #16 to #24 are laid on the ballast bed on the other side of the beam joint.

[0023] Hoist the No. 13, No. 14, and No. 15 sleepers and the scissor fork structure to the installation position, install the fasteners between the steel sleepers and the three longitudinal beams that cross the beam joint, and connect them firmly. Then install the fasteners of the longitudinal beams of No. 10 to No. 12 sleepers and No. 16 to No. 21 sleepers to form a complete beam end expansion device.

[0024] Install #1 to #6 pillows on the ballast track bed on the side where #7 to #12 pillows are laid, and install #25 to #46 pillows on the ballast track bed on the side where #16 to #24 pillows are laid;

[0025] Install fasteners that mate with the pointed base rail on sleepers #1 to #24 and #43 to #46, and install fasteners that mate with the tool rail on sleepers #25 to #42;

[0026] Sleepers 1 through 46 are arranged sequentially, and sleepers 7 through 24 are sleepers for the beam end expansion joint. Sleepers 1 through 6 and sleepers 25 through 46 are sleepers for the replacement expansion joint adjuster.

[0027] Preferably, the removal of the tool rail and the installation of the pointed base rail are as follows:

[0028] Remove the fasteners from the tool rail and the sleepers #25 to #42, and install the pointed base rail and the fasteners that cooperate with the pointed base rail. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the process structure for the integrated laying method of rail expansion joint and beam end expansion device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temporary fastener provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated installation of the rail expansion joint adjuster and the beam end expansion device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the initial placement of railway sleepers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the beam end expansion joint after installation, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] This invention discloses an integrated laying method for rail expansion joints and beam end expansion devices, which effectively solves the problem of inconvenient laying of rail expansion joints.

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Please see Figures 1-5 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the process structure for the integrated laying method of rail expansion joint and beam end expansion device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temporary fastener provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated installation of the rail expansion joint adjuster and the beam end expansion device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the initial placement of railway sleepers provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the beam end expansion joint after installation, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, an integrated laying method for rail expansion joint adjusters and beam end expansion devices is provided, specifically including the following steps: Step 100: Laying a replacement expansion joint adjuster and beam end expansion device, wherein the replacement expansion joint adjuster is a structure in which the pointed base rail of the standard rail expansion joint adjuster is replaced with a tool rail; Step 200: Laying seamless track on both sides of the beam joint; Step 300: Removing the tool rail and installing the pointed base rail to form the standard rail expansion joint adjuster.

[0039] After completing steps 100 and 200, the entire line should be able to operate smoothly. It should be noted that the standard rail expansion joint is a device capable of adjusting rail expansion and contraction, such as a commonly used structural component that can disconnect the rail and generate a certain longitudinal expansion and contraction displacement. The standard rail expansion joint can be referenced from commonly used rail expansion joints. Installing a standard rail expansion joint on the track allows for adjustment of the rail's expansion and contraction by utilizing the relative misalignment of the switch rail or stock rail. It is commonly used on long-span steel beam bridges, bridgeheads, and in sections of seamless track where rail expansion and contraction need to be adjusted. Here, the standard rail expansion joint is used in contrast to the replacement expansion joint for ease of distinction; it can simply be called a rail expansion joint. The replacement expansion joint replaces the switch rail in the standard rail expansion joint with a tool rail. Furthermore, the fasteners fixing the tool rail can be replaced with fasteners that cooperate with the tool rail, such as the temporary fasteners mentioned below. The switch rail is a general term for both the switch rail and the stock rail.

[0040] In some embodiments, before seamless track is laid on the left and right sides of the beam joint, sleepers for the rail expansion joint and beam end expansion device are laid first. Tool rails are used to temporarily replace the pointed base rails for subsequent track construction. Then, the pointed base rails of the rail expansion joint are replaced, improving construction efficiency, avoiding damage to the rail components during engineering line transportation and tamping by large machinery, and solving the problems of pre-laying difficulties and the drawbacks of the insert-laying method. In summary, this integrated laying method for rail expansion joints and beam end expansion devices effectively solves the problem of inconvenient rail expansion joint laying.

[0041] In some embodiments, before step 100 above, step 400 is generally included: laying and compacting the subbase. Specifically, step 400 can be: laying the subbase in two layers and compacting both layers with a road roller, or laying the subbase in three layers and compacting both layers with a flat tamper. In the two-layer subbase laying, the thickness of the first layer is greater than the thickness of the last layer; in the three-layer subbase laying, the thickness of each layer is no greater than 100 mm.

[0042] The process of laying the ballast in two layers and compacting both layers with a road roller can be as follows: The ballast is laid in two layers. The first layer is about 200 mm thick. After spreading and leveling, it is statically compacted two to three times with a large road roller. Then, the second layer is laid with a thickness of about 100 mm, and it is statically compacted two to three times with a large road roller.

[0043] If large road rollers cannot reach the site, the ballast can be laid in three layers and compacted with a flat plate. Specifically, a small flat plate can be used for compaction, but the ballast should be laid in three layers, with each layer not exceeding 100mm in thickness.

[0044] After completing the installation of the ballast retaining steel plates at the beam ends, waterproofing the beam surface, and applying the protective layer, and after acceptance, the laying of the bottom ballast begins, i.e., step 400 above. The quality of the bottom ballast must be strictly controlled, and its cleanliness, particle size, and aggregate composition must meet relevant technical standards. Before being laid, it is washed with water, packed into ton bags, and transported to the vicinity of the laying location, where it is lifted by a crane to the laying location.

[0045] In some embodiments, the laying of the alternative expansion joint and beam end expansion device in step 100 may specifically be as follows:

[0046] Sleepers for the beam end expansion joint are laid on both sides of the beam joint onto the ballast track bed;

[0047] The scissor fork structure of the beam end expansion joint and part of the sleepers of the beam end expansion joint are hoisted to the beam joint and connected with the three longitudinal beams that cross the beam joint longitudinally using longitudinal beam fasteners.

[0048] The sleeper on which the alternative telescopic adjuster is installed, the tool rail, and the fastener between the sleeper and the tool rail.

[0049] It should be noted that, in the context of this embodiment, the fasteners, unless otherwise specified, are generally selected based on the installation object. For example, some fasteners may be rail fasteners configured at the location of the rail expansion joint. In this context, temporary fasteners are distinguished from fasteners for fixing the fixed rail due to the structural difference between the tool rail and the point rail.

[0050] In some embodiments, the tool rail can be a P60 rail, or a P50 rail, or a rail with the same cross-section as the rail in the seamless line in step 200, to ensure that the train can pass through.

[0051] In some embodiments, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the tool rail and the sleeper are fixedly installed using temporary fasteners. These temporary fasteners include: pressing fasteners that press the lower protrusions on both sides of the tool rail 1 against the pads. Specifically, the pressing fasteners include T-bolts 3, cotter pins 4, hexagonal slotted nuts 5, flat washers 6, spring clips 7, and insulated gauge blocks 8. The ballast bed has height adjustment pads 14, rubber pads 13, and iron pads 2 arranged sequentially. Pad bolts 9, heavy-duty spring washers 10, and cover plates 11 are installed on the tool rail 1 to fix the height adjustment pads 14, rubber pads 13, and iron pads 2. A buffer adjustment block 12 can be fitted onto the stud of the pad bolt 9, and the buffer adjustment block 12 is located in the holes of the rubber pads 13 and the iron pads 2.

[0052] In some embodiments, specifically, the alternative telescoping adjuster is a structure in which the tip rail of the standard rail telescoping adjuster is replaced with a tool rail, and the fastener opposite to the tip rail in the standard rail telescoping adjuster is replaced with the aforementioned temporary fastener.

[0053] In some embodiments, the removal of the tool rail and installation of the pointed base rail can specifically involve: removing the tool rail and the fastener corresponding to the tool rail, and then installing the pointed base rail and the fastener corresponding to the pointed base rail. The fastener corresponding to the tool rail is as described above as the temporary fastener.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a rail expansion joint adjuster is provided, generally used in sections of long-span continuous beam ballasted railway lines. It mainly includes rails, prestressed concrete sleepers, steel sleepers, a fastening system, longitudinal beams, a triangular plate stabilizing structure, and other connecting fasteners. The specifications include the design expansion amount, maximum sleeper adjustment amount, height adjustment amount, neutral plate joint width, neutral beam joint width, total length of the adjuster, length of the adjuster's front end, length of the switch rail, and the number of all sleepers.

[0055] In some embodiments, the rail expansion joint adjuster is designed to have an expansion range of ±800 mm, a maximum gauge adjustment range of ±32 mm, and a height adjustment range of -4 mm to +20 mm. It is suitable for a neutral slab gap width of 1480 mm, with the corresponding neutral beam gap width not exceeding 1480 mm. The adjuster has a total length of 23470 mm, a front end length of 12270 mm, and a switch rail length of 11200 mm. The adjuster and expansion joint consist of 46 sleepers, numbered 1-46#, of which 18 sleepers (7# to 24#) are expansion joint sleepers, and the rest are adjuster sleepers.

[0056] In some embodiments, the rail expansion joint adjuster is designed to have an expansion range of ±400 mm, a maximum gauge adjustment range of ±16 mm, and a height adjustment range of -2 mm to +10 mm. It is suitable for neutral slab joints with a width of 740 mm, and the corresponding neutral beam joint width does not exceed 740 mm. The adjuster has a total length of 11735 mm, a front end length of 6135 mm, and a switch rail length of 5600 mm. The adjuster and expansion joint consist of 23 sleepers, numbered 1-23, with sleepers 4-12 (9 sleepers) being expansion joint sleepers and the remainder being adjuster sleepers. The rail expansion joint adjuster is designed with an expansion range of ±600mm, a maximum gauge adjustment of ±32mm, and a height adjustment range of -4mm to +20mm. It is suitable for a neutral slab joint width of 1060mm, and the corresponding neutral beam joint width does not exceed 1060mm. The total length of the adjuster is 23135mm, the basic rail length is 20290mm, and the switch rail length is 11200mm. The adjuster and expansion joint together have 45 sleepers, numbered 1-45, of which 14 sleepers (numbered 8 to 21) are expansion joint sleepers, and the rest are adjuster sleepers.

[0057] In some embodiments, the installation of the alternative expansion joint and the beam end expansion device may specifically be as follows:

[0058] Step 101: Place the sleepers and install the rail fasteners.

[0059] Details are as attached Figure 4 As shown, sleepers #7 to #12 are laid on the ballasted track bed on one side of the beam joint, and sleepers #16 to #24 are laid on the ballasted track bed on the other side of the beam joint. The center position of sleepers #12 to #16 is controlled by CPⅢ (track control network plane measurement). After the sleepers are laid, the rail fasteners configured at the site are installed.

[0060] Step 102: Install the beam end expansion joint.

[0061] Details are as attached Figure 5 As shown, steel sleepers #13, #14, and #15 and the scissor fork structure are hoisted to the installation position. Fasteners are installed between the steel sleepers and the three low-friction longitudinal beams (spreader beams), and the connections are made securely. They are then fixed on sleepers #10, #11, and #12. Fasteners are installed on the longitudinal beams of sleepers #16 to #21 to form a complete beam end expansion joint.

[0062] Step 103: Place the remaining sleepers.

[0063] Install sleepers #1 to #6 on the ballasted track bed on the side where sleepers #7 to #12 are laid, and install sleepers #25 to #46 on the other side of the ballasted track bed. Adjust the sleeper spacing to meet the design requirements.

[0064] Step 104: Install temporary fasteners to connect the wiring

[0065] After the sleepers are laid out and their type and spacing have been inspected and approved, the fastening system can be installed. Fasteners configured for the equipment are installed on sleepers #1 to #24 and #43 to #46. Temporary fasteners are installed on sleepers #25 to #42. Two 12.5m P60 steel rails are used to replace the main rails to lay the track.

[0066] At this point, without laying the pointed rail assembly, the line can be connected, ensuring that engineering trains within the regulator range can pass at speeds not exceeding 15 km / h. Subsequent replacement of the pointed rail assembly will not affect the seamless track locking construction.

[0067] In some embodiments, step 300 may specifically involve: removing the fasteners on the tool rail and the 25# to 42# sleepers, and installing the pointed base rail and the fasteners that cooperate with the pointed base rail.

[0068] Then, a comprehensive inspection and confirmation of the rail expansion joint was carried out, and any missing connecting parts were replaced. After fine-tuning to achieve the design dimensions, it was welded to the tracks at both ends.

[0069] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned integrated laying method of rail expansion joint and beam end expansion device adopts a temporary fastener system. Under the condition that other working surfaces are not suitable for laying seamless tracks, the beam end expansion device and rail expansion joint sleepers can be laid first, and then the rail expansion joint can be directly replaced, which improves construction efficiency and saves construction time.

[0070] A temporary fastening system was adopted, using tool rails to temporarily replace the tip rail of the expansion joint, thus avoiding the risk of scratches on the expansion joint rails caused by subsequent construction processes such as transportation and tamping by large machinery.

[0071] This method avoids the need for the traditional "insertion method" of hoisting long components of the rail expansion joint, thus reducing safety risks.

[0072] The developed integrated laying construction technology of rail expansion joint and beam end expansion device can reduce the insertion of a pair of short rails and reduce two on-site flash welding joints of rails by each set of rail expansion joints, thus saving construction costs.

[0073] Based on the integrated sleeper form of the rail expansion joint and beam end expansion device, a temporary fastening system is adopted. First, the beam end expansion device and rail expansion joint sleepers are laid in place, without laying the point base rail assembly. Two 60kg / m tool rails are laid in the range of sleepers 9# to 30# of the rail expansion joint to replace the point base rail. The remaining part is directly laid with long rails to achieve temporary passage of the line. After the line construction is completed, the rail expansion joint will be replaced.

[0074] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0075] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method of integrated construction of rail expansion joint and girder end expansion joint, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: laying a replacement expansion joint and a beam end expansion device, the replacement expansion joint being a structure in which a tool rail is used to replace a pointed base rail in a standard rail expansion joint; laying seamless tracks on both sides of the beam joint; removing the tool rail and installing the pointed base rail to form the standard rail expansion joint; the laying of the replacement expansion joint and the beam end expansion device comprises: laying sleepers of the beam end expansion device on the ballast bed on both sides of the beam joint respectively; hoisting the scissors fork structure of the beam end expansion device and part of the sleepers of the beam end expansion device to the beam joint and connecting the same with three longitudinal beams that longitudinally span the beam joint by using longitudinal beam fasteners; installing the sleepers of the replacement expansion joint, the tool rail and the fasteners between the sleepers and the tool rail; temporarily fixing and installing the tool rail and the sleepers by using temporary fasteners, the temporary fasteners comprising a pressing fastener that presses the lower side protrusions on both sides of the tool rail downward on a pad.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The laying of the replacement expansion joint and the beam end expansion device further comprises: laying bottom ballast in two layers and compacting the same by using road rollers or laying bottom ballast in three layers and compacting the same by using plate rammers, the thickness of the bottom ballast laid in the first layer being greater than that of the bottom ballast laid in the second layer, and the thickness of each layer of the bottom ballast laid in the three layers being not greater than 100 mm.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The tool rail is a P60 rail.

4. The rail expansion joint and beam end expansion device integrated installation method of claim 1, wherein The removal of the tool rail and the installation of the pointed base rail comprises: after removing the tool rail and the fasteners corresponding to the tool rail, installing the pointed base rail and the fasteners corresponding to the pointed base rail.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The laying of the replacement expansion joint and the beam end expansion device comprises: laying 7#~12# sleepers on the ballast bed on one side of the beam joint and laying 16#~24# sleepers on the ballast bed on the other side of the beam joint; hoisting 13#, 14# and 15# sleepers and a scissors fork structure to an installation position, installing fasteners between the sleepers and three longitudinal beams that longitudinally span the beam joint and connecting the same firmly, and then installing 10#~12# sleepers and 16#~21# sleepers to form a complete beam end expansion device; installing 1#~6# sleepers on the ballast bed on one side of the 7#~12# sleepers and installing 25#~46# sleepers on the ballast bed on one side of the 16#~24# sleepers; installing fasteners corresponding to the pointed base rail on 1#~24# and 43#~46# sleepers and installing fasteners corresponding to the tool rail on 25#~42# sleepers; wherein the 1#~46# sleepers are arranged in sequence, and the 7#~24# sleepers are sleepers of the beam end expansion device, and the 1#~6# sleepers and the 25#~46# sleepers are sleepers of the replacement expansion joint.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: providing a plurality of rail expansion joints; and providing a plurality of rail end expansion joints. The removal of the tool rail and the installation of the pointed base rail comprises: after removing the tool rail and the fasteners on the 25#~42# sleepers, installing the pointed base rail and the fasteners corresponding to the pointed base rail.

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