A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna

Abstract

This invention discloses a beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna, relating to the field of slot antenna technology, and solves the problem that existing waveguide slot antennas are difficult to achieve beamforming. The key technical points are: a beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna includes a ridge waveguide, with radiating slots arranged in the same direction and staggered along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide on the ridge waveguide's wide, spineless wall. The radiating slots are connected to the waveguide cavity of the ridge waveguide. A plate, connected at one end to the spineless wide wall and located within the waveguide cavity, is disposed between adjacent radiating slots. A shaped slot, corresponding to the plate, is formed on the metal ridge of the ridge waveguide, and a channel is formed between the slot wall and the lower end of the plate. By setting channels of different physical lengths, the relative phase between the radiating slots is controlled, and by setting radiating slots with different offsets, the amplitude of the radiating slots is controlled, thus achieving beamforming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slot antenna technology, and more specifically, to a beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Waveguide slot antennas have many advantages, such as high radiation efficiency, compact structure, easy beamforming, and stable and reliable performance, and are widely used in missile-borne, airborne and other radar equipment.

[0003] Existing waveguide slot antennas mostly adopt a series-feed structure, which limits the means of controlling the slot radiation energy and phase weighting, making it difficult to achieve beamforming. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna, comprising a ridge waveguide, and radiating slots arranged in the same direction and staggered along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide on the ridge waveguide's wide, unridged wall. The radiating slots are connected to the waveguide cavity of the ridge waveguide. A plate, connected at one end to the ridgeless wide wall and located within the waveguide cavity, is disposed between adjacent radiating slots. A shaped slot, corresponding to the plate, is formed on the metal ridge of the ridge waveguide, and a channel is formed between the slot wall and the lower end of the plate. By setting channels of different physical lengths, the relative phase between the radiating slots is controlled, and by setting radiating slots with different offsets, the amplitude of the radiating slots is controlled, thereby achieving beamforming.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna includes: a ridge waveguide; a radiating slot formed on the ridge waveguide's unridged wide wall; the radiating slot communicating with a waveguide cavity within the ridge waveguide; a plurality of the radiating slots arranged in the same direction and staggered along the ridge waveguide's transmission direction; a plate disposed between adjacent radiating slots within the waveguide cavity; one end of the plate connected to the unridged wide wall; a shaped slot corresponding to the plate formed on the ridged wide wall of the ridge waveguide; a gap existing between the plate and the slot wall to form a channel connecting the waveguide cavities located on both sides of the plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna also includes a tuning block; the tuning block is disposed on the ridged wide wall. This tuning block is used to match the reflections caused by a large offset of the radiating slot, thereby adjusting the VSWR of the slot element.

[0008] Furthermore, the radiating slots on the ridge waveguide are uniformly arranged along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide. This achieves the purpose of beamforming the ridge waveguide slot antenna and realizing an equally spaced array.

[0009] Furthermore, along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide, a coaxial line is provided at one end of the ridged wide wall; the coaxial line includes a coaxial feed inner conductor and a coaxial feed outer conductor; the coaxial feed inner conductor passes through the ridged wide wall in the direction from the ridged wide wall to the non-ridged wide wall; one end of the coaxial feed inner conductor is connected to the non-ridged wide wall; the other end of the coaxial feed inner conductor has a coaxial feed port located on the ridged wide wall; the coaxial feed outer conductor is disposed between the coaxial feed inner conductor and the ridged wide wall. This structure achieves the goal of exciting the field within the ridge waveguide via a bottom-feed method using the coaxial feed inner conductor, making it suitable for phased arrays and the formation of large planar arrays.

[0010] Furthermore, the coaxial feed inner conductor is located on the centerline of the ridge waveguide extending along the transmission direction.

[0011] Furthermore, a short-circuit block connected to the spineless wide-walled structure is fitted onto the coaxial feed inner conductor. The short-circuit block at the upper end of the coaxial feed inner conductor matches the reflections caused by the insertion of the coaxial feed inner conductor into the waveguide, thereby adjusting the VSWR at the coaxial feed port.

[0012] Furthermore, the coaxial feed outer conductor is an air dielectric.

[0013] Furthermore, the coaxial line is 50Ω.

[0014] Furthermore, a coaxial load is provided at the end of the ridged wide wall away from the coaxial line; the coaxial load includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor; the outer conductor is disposed within the ridged wide wall; the inner conductor passes through the waveguide cavity into the ridged wide wall and is connected to the outer conductor.

[0015] Furthermore, the ridge waveguide is a single ridge waveguide.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] ① A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna includes a ridge waveguide. Radiation slots arranged in the same direction and staggered along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide are formed on the ridge waveguide's unridged wide wall. The radiation slots are connected to the waveguide cavity of the ridge waveguide. A plate, connected at one end to the unridged wide wall and located within the waveguide cavity, is placed between adjacent radiation slots. A shaped slot corresponding to the plate is formed on the metal ridge of the ridge waveguide. A channel is formed between the slot wall and the lower end of the plate. By setting channels of different physical lengths, the relative phase between the radiation slots is controlled, and by setting radiation slots with different offsets, the amplitude of the radiation slots is controlled. This achieves the purpose of beamforming.

[0018] ② The ridge waveguide is fed by a coaxial probe bottom feed method, which is suitable for phased arrays and for forming large planar arrays.

[0019] ③ A radiating slot is formed on the side of the single-ridge waveguide without a metal ridge to create a slot antenna. The energy radiated by the radiating slot is controlled by adjusting the offset of the radiating slot relative to the center of the waveguide, so as to achieve the required amplitude distribution.

[0020] ④ Add a plate between the two radiating slots and set a corresponding irregular groove in the waveguide cavity. By changing the physical length of the channel formed by the plate and the irregular groove, the relative phase between the slot units can be controlled to achieve the required phase distribution.

[0021] ⑤ Add a short-circuit block at the top of the inner conductor of the coaxial feed. By adjusting the position and size of the short-circuit block, the reflection caused by the insertion of the inner conductor of the coaxial feed into the waveguide can be matched, thereby adjusting the standing wave ratio of the coaxial feed port.

[0022] ⑥ A tuning block is set on the metal ridge of the ridge waveguide. The tuning block is used to match the reflection caused by the large offset of the radiation slot, so as to adjust the standing wave ratio of the slot element. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of a beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna in one embodiment.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna structure from a bottom view in one embodiment.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point BB;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a top view schematic diagram of a beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the CC section;

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the middle DD section;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the test simulation comparison results of a beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna in this embodiment.

[0036] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0037] 1- Ridge waveguide; 2- Channel;

[0038] 3-Gap unit; 31-Radial gap; 32-Plate body; 33-Irregular groove;

[0039] 4-Waveguide cavity; 5-With ridge and wide wall; 6-Without ridge and wide wall;

[0040] 7 - Coaxial cable; 71 - Coaxial feed outer conductor; 72 - Coaxial feed inner conductor; 73 - Coaxial feed port;

[0041] 8-Short-circuit block;

[0042] 9 - Coaxial load; 91 - Inner conductor of coaxial load; 92 - Outer conductor of coaxial load;

[0043] 10 - Tuning block; 11 - Metal spine. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly or indirectly attached to that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0046] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0047] Example: A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna, such as Figures 1-11 As shown, it includes ridge waveguide 1.

[0048] The aforementioned ridge waveguide 1 is a single-ridge waveguide. A plurality of radiation slots 31 are formed on the ridge waveguide 1. These radiation slots 31 are disposed on the ridge waveguide 1's unridged wide wall 6 (the wide wall of the ridge waveguide 1 without a metal ridge 11), and are arranged in the same direction and staggered along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide 1. Simultaneously, all of the radiation slots 31 penetrate the ridge waveguide 1's unridged wide wall 6 and communicate with the waveguide cavity 4 of the ridge waveguide 1. A plurality of plates 32 are connected to the inner side of the ridge waveguide 1's unridged wide wall 6, and all of the plates 32 are located within the waveguide cavity 4 of the ridge waveguide 1. A plate 32 is disposed between adjacent radiating slots 31. On the ridged wide wall 5 of the ridge waveguide 1 (the ridge waveguide 1 has a wide wall with a metal ridge 11), there are irregularly shaped slots 33 in number and position corresponding to the plate 32. The end of the plate 32 away from the unridged wide wall 6 is located within the irregularly shaped slot 33. A channel 2 is formed between the plate 32 and the slot wall of the irregularly shaped slot 33, and both ends of the channel 2 are connected to the waveguide cavities 4 on both sides of the plate 32, thus forming slot units 3 between the radiating slots 31 and the channel 2. In this structure, the relative phase of the slot units 3 is controlled by setting channels 2 of different physical lengths, and the amplitude of the radiating slots 31 is controlled by setting radiating slots 31 with different offsets (offsets of the radiating slots 31 relative to the waveguide centerline). This achieves the purpose of beamforming.

[0049] Specifically, during the design process, the dimensions of the wide wall of the ridge waveguide 1 are determined based on the antenna size and scanning angle. The width of the narrow wall of the ridge waveguide 1 is approximately half the width of the wide wall. The dimensions of the metal ridge 11 of the ridge waveguide 1 are adjusted to ensure that the ridge waveguide 1 operates at the required frequency, and the initial size of the radiating slot 31 is set to approximately half the operating wavelength. The offset of the radiating slot 31 relative to the waveguide centerline can be used to control the energy radiated by the slot. Therefore, after analyzing the series feed structure of the beamformed ridge waveguide slot antenna, the ratio of radiated energy to forward transmitted energy of any slot element 3 is calculated. Simultaneously, the offset of the radiating slot 31 in the slot element 3 is adjusted according to the required aperture amplitude distribution. Using the S-parameters of the slot element 3, the ratio of radiated power to transmitted power of the radiating slot 31 in the slot element 3 is calculated. Through this calculation step, all slot elements 3 are traversed to obtain the correspondence between the offset of each radiating slot 31 and the radiated power, thereby obtaining the relationship between the slot offset and the slot radiated energy. Therefore, by interleaving the radiation slots 31 and adjusting their offsets, the desired amplitude distribution is achieved. The relative phase of each slot element 3 is calculated from the desired phase distribution. Then, the physical length of channel 2 is adjusted based on the relative phase of each radiation slot 31 to regulate the electrical length of the slot element 3, thereby obtaining the relative phase value of each radiation slot 31. This allows for control of the relative phase of the radiation slots 31 through the physical properties of channel 2, and control of the amplitude of the slot element 3 using the offset of the radiation slots 31, thus achieving beamforming.

[0050] In this design, the initial electrical length of each radiating slot 31 is the same, which is half the wavelength in the waveguide. The phase difference is 180°. The slots are offset and the phase difference is 180°, so that the initial relative phase between the slots is 0°. By adjusting one or more parameters such as the height of the plate 32 and the depth of the irregular groove 33, the physical length of each channel 2 is changed, thereby achieving different phase distributions for each slot unit 3. The amplitude of the slot unit 3 is controlled by the offset of the radiating slot 31 to achieve the purpose of beamforming.

[0051] One optional implementation of this embodiment: such as Figure 4 As shown, the beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna also includes a tuning block 10, which is disposed on the ridged wide wall 5 of the ridge waveguide 1, located inside the waveguide cavity 4 of the ridge waveguide 1, and closely attached to the metal ridge 11 of the ridge waveguide 1. When the bias of the radiating slot 31 is large, the tuning block 10 is used to match the reflection caused by the large bias of the radiating slot 31, thereby adjusting the standing wave ratio of the slot element 3.

[0052] One optional implementation of this embodiment: such as Figure 1As shown, the aforementioned radiating slots 31 are uniformly arranged along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide 1 to achieve beamforming of the ridge waveguide slot antenna and realize the purpose of an equally spaced array. Furthermore, the offset of each radiating slot 31 relative to the waveguide centerline is different, thereby controlling the amplitude of each slot element 3 to achieve beamforming.

[0053] One optional implementation of this embodiment: such as Figure 6 Combination Figure 7 As shown, along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide 1, a 50Ω coaxial line 7 is provided at one end of the ridge waveguide 1. This coaxial line 7 includes a coaxial feed inner conductor 72 and a coaxial feed outer conductor 71, wherein the coaxial feed outer conductor 71 can be made of air or other dielectric materials. One end of the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 is connected to the spineless wide wall 6, and the other end passes through the ridged wide wall 5 in a direction away from the spineless wide wall 6. The coaxial feed outer conductor 71 is sleeved on the outer wall of the coaxial feed inner conductor 72, located between the ridged wide wall 5 and the coaxial feed inner conductor 72, and the diameter of the coaxial feed outer conductor 71 varies with the diameter of the coaxial feed inner conductor 72. A coaxial feed port 73 is opened on the side of the ridged wide wall 5 away from the spineless wide wall 6, so that the other end of the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 passes through the coaxial feed port 73. Through this structure, the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 of the coaxial line 7 is extended a short distance from the ridge waveguide 1 with the ridge wide wall 5 to the ridge waveguide 1 without the ridge wide wall 6, so that the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 of the coaxial line 7 is inserted into the ridge waveguide 1 along the electric field direction, so as to realize the field in the ridge waveguide 1 by bottom feeding through the coaxial feed inner conductor 72, so as to achieve the purpose of being suitable for phased arrays and forming large planar arrays.

[0054] One optional implementation of this embodiment: such as Figure 9 Combination Figure 10 As shown, the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 is located on the centerline of the ridge waveguide 1 extending along the transmission direction. Specifically, the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 of the coaxial line 7 is inserted into the waveguide from the direction of the ridge waveguide 1 with the ridge wide wall 5 towards the direction of the ridge waveguide 1 without the ridge wide wall 6, and the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 is located on the centerline of the waveguide. Through this structure, the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 of the coaxial line 7 extends a short section from the direction of the ridge waveguide 1 with the ridge wide wall 5 towards the direction of the ridge waveguide 1 without the ridge wide wall 6, so that the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 of the coaxial line 7 is inserted into the ridge waveguide 1 along the electric field direction, so as to achieve the purpose of exciting the internal field of the ridge waveguide 1 by bottom feeding through the coaxial feed inner conductor 72.

[0055] One optional implementation of this embodiment: such as Figure 7 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, a short-circuit block 8 of suitable position and size is fitted onto the upper end of the coaxial feed inner conductor 72. The upper end of the short-circuit block 8 is connected to the ridgeless wide wall 6 of the ridge waveguide 1. When the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 of the coaxial line 7 is extended a short distance from the ridge wide wall 5 of the ridge waveguide 1 to the ridgeless wide wall 6 of the ridge waveguide 1, so that the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 of the coaxial line 7 is inserted into the ridge waveguide 1 along the electric field direction to excite the field in the ridge waveguide 1, the insertion of the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 will cause reflection, which will generate a large disturbance to the field in the waveguide. At this time, the short-circuit block 8 at the upper end of the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 is used to match the reflection caused by the insertion of the coaxial feed inner conductor 72 into the waveguide, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the standing wave ratio of the coaxial feed port 73.

[0056] One optional implementation of this embodiment: such as Figure 5 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, a coaxial load 9 is provided at the end of the ridged wide wall 5 away from the coaxial line 7. The coaxial load 9 includes an inner conductor 91 and an outer conductor 92. A resistor is disposed within the outer conductor 92, which is embedded within the ridged wide wall 5. One end of the inner conductor 91 passes through the waveguide cavity 4 into the ridged wide wall 5 and connects to the outer conductor 92 within the ridged wide wall 5; the other end of the inner conductor 91 is located within the waveguide cavity 4. This structure allows the coaxial load 9 to absorb microwave energy from the transmission line, thereby improving the matching performance of the beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna.

[0057] The working principle of the beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0058] A radiating slot 31 is formed on the ridgeless wide wall 6 of the ridge waveguide 1 to cut off the current on the waveguide surface and radiate energy outward. The energy and relative phase radiated by the radiating slot 31 are controlled by adjusting the offset of the radiating slot 31 and the physical length of the channel 2 of the slot element 3, thereby achieving the required aperture distribution. When the offset of the radiating slot 31 is large and the radiated energy is large, resulting in poor standing wave ratio (SWR) of the slot element 3 of the beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna, the reflection caused by the large offset of the radiating slot 31 is matched by the tuning block 10, thereby adjusting the SWR of the slot element 3. When the ridge waveguide 1 is excited by bottom feeding with the coaxial-fed inner conductor 72, a small section of the coaxial inner conductor is extended along the electric field direction and inserted into the waveguide to excite the field inside the waveguide. The short-circuit block 8 at the upper end of the coaxial-fed inner conductor 72 is used to match the reflection caused by the insertion of the coaxial-fed inner conductor 72 into the waveguide, thereby adjusting the SWR of the coaxial feed port 73.

[0059] like Figure 12The figure shows a comparison between the test results and simulation results of a beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna in this embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, the beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna provided in this embodiment creates a radiating slot 31 on the ridgeless wide wall 6 of the ridge waveguide 1, cutting off the current on the waveguide surface and thus radiating energy outward. By adjusting the bias of the radiating slot 31 and the physical length of the channel 2 of the slot element 3, the energy and relative phase radiated by the radiating slot 31 can be controlled, thereby achieving the desired aperture distribution and achieving the purpose of beamforming.

[0060] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna, characterized in that, include: Ridge waveguide (1); Radiation slots (31) are provided on the ridgeless wide wall (6) of the ridge waveguide (1); The radiation slot (31) is connected to the waveguide cavity (4) inside the ridge waveguide (1); Several of the aforementioned radiation slots (31) are arranged in the same direction and staggered along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide (1); The inner side of the spineless wide wall (6) of the ridge waveguide (1) is connected to a number of plates (32), and the number of plates (32) are all located in the waveguide cavity (4); a plate (32) is provided between adjacent radiation gaps (31); On the side of the ridged wide wall (5) of the ridged waveguide (1) near the waveguide cavity, there are irregular grooves (33) in number and position that correspond one-to-one with the plate (32). One end of the plate (32) is connected to the spineless wide wall (6); the end of the plate (32) away from the spineless wide wall (6) extends into the irregular groove (33) and there is a gap between it and the groove wall of the irregular groove (33) to form a channel (2); the two ends of the channel (2) are connected to the waveguide cavities (4) on both sides of the plate (32) so that the channel (2) between the radiation slit (31) and the waveguide cavities (4) on both sides forms a slit unit (3); The channel (2) is set with different physical lengths to control the relative phase of the slot unit (3); the radiation slot (31) is set with different offsets to control the amplitude of the radiation slot (31).

2. The beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna also includes a tuning block (10); The tuning block (10) is disposed on the ridged wide wall (5).

3. The beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation slots (31) on the ridge waveguide (1) are uniformly arranged along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide (1).

4. A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the transmission direction of the ridge waveguide (1), a coaxial line (7) is provided at one end of the ridge wide wall (5); The coaxial line (7) includes a coaxial inner conductor (72) and a coaxial outer conductor (71); The coaxial feed inner conductor (72) is inserted into the ridged wide wall (5) in the direction from the ridged wide wall (5) to the unridged wide wall (6); One end of the coaxial feed inner conductor (72) is connected to the ridgeless wide wall (6); At the other end of the coaxial feed inner conductor (72), a coaxial feed port (73) is provided on the ridged wide wall (5); The coaxial feed outer conductor (71) is disposed between the coaxial feed inner conductor (72) and the ridged wide wall (5).

5. A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coaxial feed inner conductor (72) is located on the center line of the ridge waveguide (1) extending along the transmission direction.

6. A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: A short-circuit block (8) connected to the spineless wide wall (6) is sleeved on the coaxial feed inner conductor (72).

7. A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The coaxial feeder outer conductor (71) is an air medium.

8. A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The coaxial line (7) is 50Ω.

9. A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: A coaxial load (9) is provided at the end of the ridged wide wall (5) away from the coaxial line (7); The coaxial load (9) includes an inner conductor (91) and an outer conductor (92). The coaxial load outer conductor (92) is disposed within the ridged wide wall (5); The inner conductor (91) of the coaxial load passes through the waveguide cavity (4) and is inserted into the ridged wide wall (5), and is connected to the outer conductor (92) of the coaxial load.

10. A beamforming ridge waveguide slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridge waveguide (1) is a single ridge waveguide.

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